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Unit 8 A green world
單元話題短文首字母填空練習(xí)
基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)篇鞏固練
（24-25 八年級(jí)下·江蘇·課后作業(yè)）I am an “energy monitor” in my class. My job is to remind (提醒) my
classmates to “go green”.
Do I have to be busy every day Well, in the b 1 , I had a lot to do. I had to make sure the lights in
the classroom were t 2 off before we left the classroom for a PE lesson or some other activities. And I
had to c 3 the dustbin to see if anyone wasted paper. Luckily, I got enough s 4 from both the
teachers and my classmates.
Now, I don’t need to be as b 5 as before. Because all of us have f 6 a habit of “going
green”. Everyone knows it is important to s 7 energy. We never leave the lights on when no one is in the
classroom. And we always write on b 8 sides of paper. Few of us go to school by car. And no one d
9 litter everywhere at school. Moreover, we start to c 10 used things like empty bottles and old
books at school.
（24-25 八年級(jí)上·江蘇南京·期末）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞
Have you ever heard of Earth Day On Earth Day, we think about life on our beautiful planet. People
celebrate Earth Day on April 22 of every year. That is the middle of spring, s 1 it is a good time for
planting trees and flowers. Many people plant things in honour of Earth Day. Some people c 2 up
rubbish. At school on Earth Day, students learn about h 3 the earth. Teachers often talk about pollution.
Students learn about reducing pollution.
Do you know w 4 it started The first Earth Day was celebrated by 20 million people who came
from t 5 of schools and communities across America on April 22, 1970. The 30th anniversary of Earth
Day was in 2000. At that time, important people from many countries gathered together and wrote a paper. It says
our planet is in trouble. We can f 6 it, however. We just need to do certain things. We must think about
our planet every day. Also, we should r 7 Earth Day every year.
Today, many countries do things in honour of Earth Day. Do you want to do s 8 for Earth Day,
too Here are some things we can do. First, plant new trees. Second, don’t throw cans or paper on the ground. You
should pick up garbage that is on the ground. Third, save water. Don’t keep the tap r 9 when you leave.
Fourth, turn off the lights that we are not u 10 . It’s not that difficult to help. Let’s think of every day as
Earth Day.
Join us to help protect our beautiful planet!
（24-25 八年級(jí)上·全國(guó)·課后作業(yè)）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使短文意思完整，每空限
一詞。
About 75% of all types of animals come from rainforests. Thousands of animals make their h 1 in
rain forests. There are many beautiful birds, insects and so on. Many of them live in trees, over 30 metres from the
g 2 . There are a 3 thousands of different plants, and lots of them are tall trees!
Rain forests are very i 4 to us. We need them! Trees and other plants in rain forests help to make
the air that we breathe. They stop the world getting too cold or too hot. They p 5 us with wood, rubber,
fruit and many of our medicines.
Sadly, in many places, rain forests are in d 6 . For example, many years ago there was a large
rainforest in Java(爪哇島). There were thousands of different plants and animals in the forest, but now there is n
7 . People cut down trees b 8 they wanted to grow rice. They also wanted to grow rubber trees to
make rubber. Animals had to m 9 to other places, but many of them disappeared forever. The same
thing is h 10 now in many other parts of the world.
Rain forests really need our help.
（20-21 八年級(jí)下·湖北武漢·期中）閱讀理解填詞
Waste sorting (垃圾分類) is a big matter worldwide. In order to sort the trash p 1 and protect the
environment, people in different countries are using different w 2 to sort their waste.
A UK company invented a “smart bin” to h 3 with waste sorting. People just need to drop their
waste into the bin (垃圾桶). A camera and sensors (感應(yīng)器) in the bin can tell what type of trash it is and
carefully sort it. The bin also compresses (壓縮) the waste so it t 4 up less space.
South Korea is using a way called “Pay For Your Waste” to encourage its people to reduce food waste.
When t 5 away trash, people have to separate their food waste from their o 6 trash and put it in
a bin. The smart bin then weighs the food. People have to pay for their food waste by scanning (掃描) a barcode
(條形碼) on the bin. If they throw away more trash, they will pay more.
Japan is leading the world in waste sorting. They sort waste so well t 7 even plastic bottles and
their caps go into different bins. Different types of paper products have their o 8 bins.
C 9 is improving its waste sorting efforts. Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a “green
account (賬戶)” service for its residents (居民). The city is asking all of its residents to sort their waste into four g
10 : wet, recyclable, harmful and dry.
（20-21 八年級(jí)下·江蘇南京·階段練習(xí)）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞。
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to r 1 your letter. Now I’d like to tell you something about the smog (霧霾).
Since the winter last year, the smog has t 2 place for several times. It has done great harm to our d
3 life. Many traffic accidents happened just because of the heavy smog, more and more people have to go to
see the doctor because the s 4 disease caused by the smog. Quite a lot of flights have to be put off, a
great number of people have to stay at home for fear of the poisonous air caused by the smog.
People have r 5 the great harm caused by the smog and the importance of p 6 the
environment. People all over the country are taking action to reduce the smog weather. The government suggests
(建議) people go to work or school with the p 7 traffic, such as the bus and the underground. Also we
should p 8 more trees.
According to me, I will go to school by bike or on foot, and I won’t throw the waste a 9 .
Moreover, I will tell the people who I meet to protect the environment as p 10 as they can. Would you
like to tell me some good ideas I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Wang Hua
（20-21 八年級(jí)下·江蘇南京·期中）When you want to buy something, which would you like to buy, new
or second– hand
More and more people like to buy second-hand items. People can s 1 money because second-hand
items are much cheaper than new ones. Buying second- hand items is also good for the e 2 . It’s reported
that in 2020, the mass (質(zhì)量)of all man-made materials became greater than that of every living thing on Earth. So
it’s better to reuse old things i 3 of making new things.
“I love buying books on Déjà vu, an online second-hand bookstore. It’s good for students l 4 me,”
said Zhao Kaiqi, a 22-year-old college student from Harbin, Heilongjiang. “It also b 5 me interesting
experiences that I don’t have when I buy new books. One time, I found a note in a second-hand book. Its previous
(之前的) owner left the note and h 6 that I would enjoy reading the book. It was heartwarming to read.”
People can even find some items that are not made any more. For e 7 , some people like to buy
vintage (復(fù)古) items. These items often go back 30 years or even more. But if they’re in good c 8 ,
people can still use them.
“I am a big fan of vintage items,” said Yin Weian, a 25-year-old freelance writer from London, UK.
“Vintage items carry stories from the p 9 . Once I bought a bracelet (手鏈) with the words ‘Rose’ and
‘Love, Jason’ on it. It made me wonder about the story behind the bracelet. I think l 10 for vintage items
is a once-in-a- lifetime experience. It doesn’t matter how rich you are, but whether you can find an item that fits
you.”
What kind of second-hand things would you like to buy
（21-22 八年級(jí)下·江蘇南京·期末）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示填寫所缺單詞。
Taking public transport, making payments online or just walking around—these daily activities can help
turn China’s deserts into forests if you are using Ant Forest.
Ant Forest is a feature in the Alipay mobile payment app. It records users’ low-carbon activities—taking a
bus to work i 1 of driving, for example—and gives users “green energy”. When a user’s green energy
gets high e 2 , Ant Forest and its partners will plant a real tree for that person.
Ant Forest r 3 the 2019 Champions of the Earth award（地球衛(wèi)士獎(jiǎng)）, the UN’s highest
environmental honor, for encouraging people to live greener lifestyles and protect the environment.
S 4 its launch（發(fā)起）in August 2016, Ant Forest and its partners have planted some 122 million
trees in China’s driest areas, which include regions in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Shanxi, reported
Xinhua News Agency. The trees c 5 an area of 112,000 hectares（公頃）. The project has become China’
s largest private-sector tree-planting initiative（倡議）.
This is only part of China’s efforts to make Earth g 6 . In 1978, China began a national-level
forestation（造林）project—the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program, also known as the “Great Green Wall”.
The program has improved living conditions and d 7 local business, according to China Daily.
It’s reported the forest coverage rate（覆蓋率）among the regions of the project r 8 13.57 percent
in 2017, compared to 5.05 percent 40 years ago.
In light of China’s success against desertification（沙漠化）, the United Nations Environment Programme
(UNEP) believes the country is a good e 9 for others to follow.
“China is one of the most s 10 countries in greening the desert and has lessons to share with the
world.” former UNEP Executive Director Erik Solheim told Xinhua.
重難語(yǔ)篇拔高練
（22-23 八年級(jí)下·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·期末）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及所給首字母提示寫出所缺單詞，使短文意思完整， 每
空一詞。
Environmental protection is important for the health of our earth. We need to r 1 how our actions
influence the environment.
In our daily life, plenty of waste we produce is a big problem. We can r 2 waste by choosing to
buy products with l 3 packaging (包裝) and to recycle items properly. S 4 rubbish into
different categories, such as plastic, paper, and glass, can also be a great help.
Moreover, we d 5 on natural resources for our daily needs, such as water, air, and food. It is
important to save resources by using them w 6 . For example, turning off the tap w 7 brushing
our teeth can save water, and turning off lights when leaving a room can save electricity.
Finally, we must also think about the r 8 of our choices for the environment. Choosing to use
public transportation or carpooling (共乘一輛車) instead of driving a 9 can reduce air pollution.
Planting trees can also help take in CO2 and i 10 air quality.
By taking these steps, we can help protect the environment and make a better future.
（22-23 八年級(jí)下·江蘇南通·期末）閱讀短文，根據(jù)所給的首字母提示，寫出一個(gè)合適的單詞，使短文通順。
Recently the term “carbon neutral (碳中和)” has been a public topic. Being carbon neutral means cutting d
1 carbon emissions (碳排放) to zero or balancing (均衡) them out by taking some carbon out of the
atmosphere (大 氣 層 ). Carbon emissions make the climate (氣 候 ) change for the w 2 and the
temperatures rise. They are caused by all kinds of human activities. Burning fossil fuels (化工燃料) like coal, oil
and gas to p 3 energy is a main source of carbon emissions.
China has promised to be carbon-neutral by 2060. To achieve this goal (目 標(biāo) ), we will face many
challenges (挑戰(zhàn)). However, many hands make light work. We students can also make contributions (貢獻(xiàn)) to
helping r 4 this goal. Here’re some suggestions:
Travel in a green way
Since driving cars has caused serious air problems, we’d better do more walking or cycling instead of
driving. By doing so, we can save energy and reduce air p 5 .
Save water
Lack (缺乏) of water resources will be h 6 to the ecological (生態(tài)的) environment. So please
turn off the tap after using it.
Plant more trees
A good way of balancing out the carbon emissions is to plant trees b 7 trees can take in CO2 as
they grow.
Reduce food waste
Schools can encourage students to save food by comparing (對(duì)比) how much food is not eaten by students
after each meal. They can w 8 the leftovers (剩余飯菜) by putting them on the scale (秤). Also, they can
put the leftovers into a machine that can t 9 the waste into useful things. For example, some waste can
be put in the garden to help plants grow.
Let’s join together to see how small changes can make a big d 10 .Unit 8 A green world
單元話題短文首字母填空練習(xí)
基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)篇鞏固練
（24-25 八年級(jí)下·江蘇·課后作業(yè)）I am an “energy monitor” in my class. My job is to remind (提醒) my
classmates to “go green”.
Do I have to be busy every day Well, in the b 1 , I had a lot to do. I had to make sure the lights in
the classroom were t 2 off before we left the classroom for a PE lesson or some other activities. And I
had to c 3 the dustbin to see if anyone wasted paper. Luckily, I got enough s 4 from both the
teachers and my classmates.
Now, I don’t need to be as b 5 as before. Because all of us have f 6 a habit of “going
green”. Everyone knows it is important to s 7 energy. We never leave the lights on when no one is in the
classroom. And we always write on b 8 sides of paper. Few of us go to school by car. And no one d
9 litter everywhere at school. Moreover, we start to c 10 used things like empty bottles and old
books at school.
【答案】
1．(b)eginning 2．(t)urned 3．(c)heck 4．(s)upport 5．(b)usy 6．(f)ormed 7．(s)ave 8．
(b)oth 9．(d)rops 10．(c)ollect
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述作者作為班級(jí)“節(jié)能監(jiān)督員”的工作經(jīng)歷，以及班級(jí)同學(xué)逐漸養(yǎng)成環(huán)保習(xí)慣的過(guò)程。
1．句意：嗯，一開(kāi)始，我有很多事情要做。根據(jù)下文“Now, I don’t need to be as…as before.”并結(jié)合首字母
提示可知，此處指一開(kāi)始事情多，in the beginning“一開(kāi)始”。故填(b)eginning。
2．句意：在我們離開(kāi)教室去上體育課或參加其他活動(dòng)之前，我必須確保教室里的燈已經(jīng)關(guān)掉。根據(jù)“before
we left the classroom for a PE lesson or some other activities”并結(jié)合首字母提示可知，離開(kāi)教室，應(yīng)是需要關(guān)
燈，turn off“關(guān)閉”，此處用過(guò)去分詞形式，構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填(t)urned。
3．句意：我不得不檢查垃圾箱，看看是否有人浪費(fèi)了紙張。根據(jù)“to see if anyone wasted paper”并結(jié)合首字
母提示可知，看看是否有人浪費(fèi)了紙張，應(yīng)是需要檢查垃圾桶，check“檢查”，had to 后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填
(c)heck。
4．句意：幸運(yùn)的是，我得到了老師和同學(xué)的足夠支持。根據(jù)“Luckily, I got enough…from both the teachers
and my classmates.”的語(yǔ)境并結(jié)合首字母提示可知，此處指作者得到了支持，support“支持”符合。故填(s)
upport。
5．句意：現(xiàn)在，我不需要像以前那樣忙了。根據(jù)上文“Do I have to be busy every day ”并結(jié)合首字母提示可
知，此處指作者需要像以前那樣忙了，busy“繁忙的”符合。故填(b)usy。
6．句意：因?yàn)槲覀兯腥硕拣B(yǎng)成了“環(huán)保”的習(xí)慣。根據(jù)“a habit of ‘going green’”并結(jié)合首字母提示可知，
此處指養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣，form“養(yǎng)成，形成”，此處用過(guò)去分詞形式，構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填(f)ormed。
7．句意：大家都知道節(jié)約能源很重要。根據(jù)下文“We never leave the lights on when no one is in the classroom.”
并結(jié)合首字母提示可知，當(dāng)教室里沒(méi)有人的時(shí)候，要關(guān)燈，應(yīng)是指節(jié)約能源，save“節(jié)約”，根據(jù)空前的不
定式符號(hào)“to”可知，此處用動(dòng)詞原形。故填(s)ave。
8．句意：我們總是在紙的兩面寫。根據(jù)上文“going green”并結(jié)合首字母提示可知，環(huán)保的行為應(yīng)是在紙的
兩面寫，both“兩者都”符合。故填(b)oth。
9．句意：學(xué)校里沒(méi)有人隨地亂扔垃圾。根據(jù)上文“going green”并結(jié)合首字母提示可知，環(huán)保的行為應(yīng)是不
亂扔垃圾，drop litter“扔垃圾”，句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為“no one”，用三單形式。故填(d)rops。
10．句意：此外，我們開(kāi)始在學(xué)校收集用過(guò)的東西，比如空瓶子和舊書。根據(jù)“we start to…used things like
empty bottles and old books at school”的語(yǔ)境并結(jié)合首字母提示可知，此處指收集用過(guò)的東西，collect“收集”，
start to do sth.“開(kāi)始做某事”，是固定搭配。故填(c)ollect。
（24-25 八年級(jí)上·江蘇南京·期末）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞
Have you ever heard of Earth Day On Earth Day, we think about life on our beautiful planet. People
celebrate Earth Day on April 22 of every year. That is the middle of spring, s 1 it is a good time for
planting trees and flowers. Many people plant things in honour of Earth Day. Some people c 2 up
rubbish. At school on Earth Day, students learn about h 3 the earth. Teachers often talk about pollution.
Students learn about reducing pollution.
Do you know w 4 it started The first Earth Day was celebrated by 20 million people who came
from t 5 of schools and communities across America on April 22, 1970. The 30th anniversary of Earth
Day was in 2000. At that time, important people from many countries gathered together and wrote a paper. It says
our planet is in trouble. We can f 6 it, however. We just need to do certain things. We must think about
our planet every day. Also, we should r 7 Earth Day every year.
Today, many countries do things in honour of Earth Day. Do you want to do s 8 for Earth Day,
too Here are some things we can do. First, plant new trees. Second, don’t throw cans or paper on the ground. You
should pick up garbage that is on the ground. Third, save water. Don’t keep the tap r 9 when you leave.
Fourth, turn off the lights that we are not u 10 . It’s not that difficult to help. Let’s think of every day as
Earth Day.
Join us to help protect our beautiful planet!
【答案】
1．(s)o 2．(c)lean 3．(h)elping 4．(w)hen 5．(t)housands 6．(f)ix 7．(r)emember 8．
(s)omething 9．(r)unning 10．(u)sing
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，文章介紹了地球日的相關(guān)情況及其意義，倡議人們一起保護(hù)地球。
1．句意：那是在春天中旬，所以是種樹和花的好時(shí)節(jié)。根據(jù)“That is the middle of spring”和“it is a good time
for planting trees and flowers”為因果關(guān)系，可知 so“所以”符合語(yǔ)境，故填(s)o。
2．句意：有些人會(huì)清理垃圾。根據(jù)“Many people plant things in honour of Earth Day”并結(jié)合首字母可知 clean
up“清理”符合語(yǔ)境，由語(yǔ)境可知句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ) some people 為復(fù)數(shù)，故填(c)lean。
3．句意：在學(xué)校過(guò)地球日的時(shí)候，學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)幫助地球。根據(jù)“Teachers often talk about pollution. Students
learn about reducing pollution.”并結(jié)合首字母可知此處是說(shuō)學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)幫助地球，help“幫助”，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，符
合語(yǔ)境，而“about”為介詞，所以此處應(yīng)用其動(dòng)名詞形式，故填(h)elping。
4．句意：你知道它是什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始的嗎？根據(jù)“The first Earth Day was celebrated by 20 million people who
came from ...of schools and communities across America on April 22”并結(jié)合首字母可知應(yīng)是問(wèn)地球日開(kāi)始的
時(shí)間，故填(w)hen。
5．句意：1970 年 4 月 22 日，第一個(gè)地球日由來(lái)自美國(guó)各地學(xué)校和社區(qū)的 2000 萬(wàn)人慶祝。根據(jù)首字母可
知 thousands of“成千上萬(wàn)的”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) schools 和 communities，表示數(shù)量，符合語(yǔ)境，故填(t)
housands。
6．句意：然而，我們能夠修復(fù)它。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形，根據(jù)“It says our planet is in trouble”和“however”并
結(jié)合首字母可知 fix“修理”符合語(yǔ)境，故填(f)ix。
7．句意：而且，我們應(yīng)該每年都紀(jì)念地球日。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形，根據(jù)“We must think about our planet every
day”和“also”及首字母可知 remember“紀(jì)念”符合語(yǔ)境，故填(r)emember。
8．句意：你也想在地球日為保護(hù)地球做些什么嗎？根據(jù)“Today, many countries do things in honour of Earth
Day”和“Here are some things we can do”可知此處詢問(wèn)讀者是否想在地球日為保護(hù)地球做些什么，由首字母
和語(yǔ)境可知 something“一些事”，用于希望得到肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句，符合語(yǔ)境，故填(s)omething。
9．句意：當(dāng)你離開(kāi)的時(shí)候不要讓水龍頭一直開(kāi)著。根據(jù)“when you leave”及首字母可知 run“流動(dòng)”符合語(yǔ)境，
keep sth doing 表示“讓某物持續(xù)做某事”，故填(r)unning。
10．句意：關(guān)掉我們不使用的燈。根據(jù)“turn off the lights”可知此處表示我們不在使用的燈，由首字母可知
use“使用”符合語(yǔ)境，而由其前的 be 動(dòng)詞可知此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，表示正在使用的，故填(u)
sing。
（24-25 八年級(jí)上·全國(guó)·課后作業(yè)）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使短文意思完整，每空限
一詞。
About 75% of all types of animals come from rainforests. Thousands of animals make their h 1 in
rain forests. There are many beautiful birds, insects and so on. Many of them live in trees, over 30 metres from the
g 2 . There are a 3 thousands of different plants, and lots of them are tall trees!
Rain forests are very i 4 to us. We need them! Trees and other plants in rain forests help to make
the air that we breathe. They stop the world getting too cold or too hot. They p 5 us with wood, rubber,
fruit and many of our medicines.
Sadly, in many places, rain forests are in d 6 . For example, many years ago there was a large
rainforest in Java(爪哇島). There were thousands of different plants and animals in the forest, but now there is n
7 . People cut down trees b 8 they wanted to grow rice. They also wanted to grow rubber trees to
make rubber. Animals had to m 9 to other places, but many of them disappeared forever. The same
thing is h 10 now in many other parts of the world.
Rain forests really need our help.
【答案】
1．(h)omes 2．(g)round 3．(a)lso 4．(i)mportant 5．(p)rovide 6．(d)anger 7．(n)one 8．
(b)ecause 9．(m)ove 10．(h)appening
【分析】這是一篇環(huán)保類說(shuō)明文，介紹了雨林對(duì)于全球生物多樣性的重要性。
1．句意：成千上萬(wàn)的動(dòng)物在雨林里安家。根據(jù)句意及首字母提示可知，此處指動(dòng)物在雨林里“安家”，make
one's home in 意為“在……安家”，為固定短語(yǔ)，home 在此處用作名詞，且需用復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示不止一個(gè)動(dòng)
物的家。故填(h)omes。
2．句意：他們中的許多住在樹上，離地面超過(guò) 30 米。根據(jù)句意及首字母提示可知，此處指動(dòng)物離“地面”
的距離，ground 意為“地面”，符合語(yǔ)境。故填(g)round。
3．句意：也有數(shù)千種不同的植物。根據(jù)句意及首字母提示可知，also 意為“也”。故填(a)lso。
4．句意：雨林對(duì)我們非常重要。根據(jù)句意及首字母提示可知，此處指雨林對(duì)人類的“重要性”，important
意為“重要的”，符合語(yǔ)境。故填(i)mportant。
5．句意：它們?yōu)槲覀兲峁┠静摹⑾鹉z、水果和許多藥品。根據(jù)句意及首字母提示可知，此處指雨林為人
類“提供”所需物品，provide sb with sth 意為“為某人提供某物”，為固定短語(yǔ)，且根據(jù)前后句時(shí)態(tài)可知，此
處需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ) they 為復(fù)數(shù)，provide 需用原形。故填(p)rovide。
6．句意：遺憾的是，在許多地方，雨林正處于危險(xiǎn)之中。根據(jù)句意及首字母提示可知，此處指雨林面臨
的“危險(xiǎn)”，in danger 意為“處于危險(xiǎn)之中”，為固定短語(yǔ)。故填(d)anger。
7．句意：但是現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有什么了。根據(jù)句意及首字母提示可知，此處指雨林中的動(dòng)植物都被砍伐或滅絕，
所以現(xiàn)在“什么也沒(méi)有”了，none 意為“沒(méi)有東西”，符合語(yǔ)境。故填(n)one。
8．句意：人們砍伐樹木是因?yàn)樗麄兿敕N水稻。根據(jù)句意及首字母提示可知，前后句之間為因果關(guān)系，前
句為結(jié)果，后句為原因，because 意為“因?yàn)椤保糜谝龑?dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。故填(b)ecause。
9．句意：動(dòng)物不得不搬到其他地方。根據(jù)句意及首字母提示可知，此處指動(dòng)物為了生存而“搬離”雨林，
move to 意為“搬到”，為固定短語(yǔ)，且 had to 后需接動(dòng)詞原形。故填(m)ove。
10．句意：目前在世界許多其他地方也發(fā)生著同樣的事情。根據(jù)句意及首字母提示可知，此處指在世界其
他地方也在“發(fā)生”著砍伐雨林的事情，happen 意為“發(fā)生”，且根據(jù) now 可知，此處需用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，be
happening 表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生。故填(h)appening。
（20-21 八年級(jí)下·湖北武漢·期中）閱讀理解填詞
Waste sorting (垃圾分類) is a big matter worldwide. In order to sort the trash p 1 and protect the
environment, people in different countries are using different w 2 to sort their waste.
A UK company invented a “smart bin” to h 3 with waste sorting. People just need to drop their
waste into the bin (垃圾桶). A camera and sensors (感應(yīng)器) in the bin can tell what type of trash it is and
carefully sort it. The bin also compresses (壓縮) the waste so it t 4 up less space.
South Korea is using a way called “Pay For Your Waste” to encourage its people to reduce food waste.
When t 5 away trash, people have to separate their food waste from their o 6 trash and put it in
a bin. The smart bin then weighs the food. People have to pay for their food waste by scanning (掃描) a barcode
(條形碼) on the bin. If they throw away more trash, they will pay more.
Japan is leading the world in waste sorting. They sort waste so well t 7 even plastic bottles and
their caps go into different bins. Different types of paper products have their o 8 bins.
C 9 is improving its waste sorting efforts. Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a “green
account (賬戶)” service for its residents (居民). The city is asking all of its residents to sort their waste into four g
10 : wet, recyclable, harmful and dry.
【答案】
1．(p)roperly 2．(w)ays 3．(h)elp 4．(t)akes 5．(t)hrowing 6．(o)ther 7．(t)hat 8．
(o)wn 9．(C)hina 10．(g)roups
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了幾個(gè)國(guó)家的垃圾分類情況。
1．句意：為了正確分類垃圾和保護(hù)環(huán)境，不同國(guó)家的人們正在使用不同的方法來(lái)分類垃圾。本句成分完
整，可填副詞；根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及首字母可知，此處可表示“恰當(dāng)?shù)亍保?properly，故填(p)roperly。
2．句意：為了正確分類垃圾和保護(hù)環(huán)境，不同國(guó)家的人們正在使用不同的方法來(lái)分類垃圾。根據(jù)“using
different”及首字母可知，此處表示使用不同的方法，用 way；因是不同的方法，需用復(fù)數(shù)，故填(w)ays。
3．句意：一家英國(guó)公司發(fā)明了一種“智能垃圾箱”來(lái)幫助進(jìn)行垃圾分類。根據(jù)“with waste sorting”及首字母
可知，此處表示幫助垃圾分類，用 help；因在動(dòng)詞不定式之后，用原形，故填(h)elp。
4．句意：該垃圾箱還可以壓縮廢物，因此占用的空間更少。本句缺謂語(yǔ)；根據(jù)“up less space”及首字母可
知，此處表示占據(jù)更少空間，take up“占據(jù)”；因主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)且為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，動(dòng)詞需用三單，故填(t)akes。
5．句意：扔垃圾時(shí)，人們必須將食物垃圾與其他垃圾分開(kāi)，然后放入垃圾箱。根據(jù)“away trash”及首字母
可知，此處用 throw，表示“扔”；因此處是狀從的省略，且主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用 ing 形式，故填
(t)hrowing。
6．句意：扔垃圾時(shí)，人們必須將食物垃圾與其他垃圾分開(kāi)，然后放入垃圾箱。根據(jù)“people have to separate
their food waste from”及首字母可知，此處表示人們必須從其他的垃圾中分出食物垃圾；用 other，表示“其
他的”，故填(o)ther。
7．句意：他們對(duì)廢物進(jìn)行分類非常好，甚至塑料瓶和瓶蓋都進(jìn)入不同的垃圾箱。根據(jù)“so well”及首字母可
知，此處是 so…that…，表示“如此……以致于……”，故填(t)hat。
8．句意：不同類型的紙制品都有自己的垃圾箱。根據(jù)“their”及首字母可知，此處表示“他們自己的”，用 own，
故填(o)wn。
9．句意：中國(guó)正在改進(jìn)其垃圾分類工作。根據(jù)最后一段及首字母可知，本段在說(shuō)明中國(guó)所做的垃圾分類，
所以空處應(yīng)填中國(guó)，故填(C)hina。
10．句意：該市要求所有居民將他們的垃圾分為四類：濕垃圾、可回收垃圾、有害垃圾和干垃圾。根據(jù)“wet,
recyclable, harmful and dry.”可知，這里指將垃圾分為四類；結(jié)合首字母可知，用 group，表示“組”；因是四
個(gè)，需用復(fù)數(shù)，故填(g)roups。
（20-21 八年級(jí)下·江蘇南京·階段練習(xí)）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞。
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to r 1 your letter. Now I’d like to tell you something about the smog (霧霾).
Since the winter last year, the smog has t 2 place for several times. It has done great harm to our d
3 life. Many traffic accidents happened just because of the heavy smog, more and more people have to go to
see the doctor because the s 4 disease caused by the smog. Quite a lot of flights have to be put off, a
great number of people have to stay at home for fear of the poisonous air caused by the smog.
People have r 5 the great harm caused by the smog and the importance of p 6 the
environment. People all over the country are taking action to reduce the smog weather. The government suggests
(建議) people go to work or school with the p 7 traffic, such as the bus and the underground. Also we
should p 8 more trees.
According to me, I will go to school by bike or on foot, and I won’t throw the waste a 9 .
Moreover, I will tell the people who I meet to protect the environment as p 10 as they can. Would you
like to tell me some good ideas I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Wang Hua
【答案】
1．(r)eceive 2．(t)aken 3．(d)aily 4．(s)erious 5．(r)ealized 6．(p)rotecting 7．(p)
ublic 8．(p)lant 9．(a)nywhere 10．(p)ossible
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是王華給彼得的一封回信。內(nèi)容是雙方共同關(guān)心的霧霾天氣帶給人們的危害，以及就這一現(xiàn)
象所提供的一些基本的建議。
1．句意：很高興收到你的來(lái)信。根據(jù)“your letter”及首字母提示可知，此處是 receive“收到”，根據(jù)“I’m glad
to”可知，此處是 be glad to do sth.，動(dòng)詞用原形，故填(r)eceive。
2．句意：自從去年冬天以來(lái)，霧霾已經(jīng)發(fā)生了好幾次。根據(jù)“place for several times”及首字母提示可知，
此處是 take place“發(fā)生”，空前有 has，此處動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)，故填(t)aken。
3．句意：它對(duì)我們的日常生活造成了極大的危害。結(jié)合常識(shí)及首字母提示可知，霧霾對(duì)日常生活造成了
影響，daily“日常的”，形容詞，作定語(yǔ)修飾其后的名詞 life，故填(d)aily。
4．句意：許多交通事故的發(fā)生就是因?yàn)閲?yán)重的霧霾，越來(lái)越多的人因?yàn)殪F霾引起的嚴(yán)重疾病，不得不去
看醫(yī)生。空處修飾其后的名詞“disease”，結(jié)合“more and more people have to go to see the doctor”及首字母提
示可知，此處指的是“得了嚴(yán)重的疾病”，serious“嚴(yán)重的”，故填(s)erious。
5．句意：人們已經(jīng)意識(shí)到霧霾造成的極大危害以及保護(hù)環(huán)境的重要性。根據(jù)“the great harm caused by the
smog and the importance of...the environment.”及首字母提示可知，人們已經(jīng)意識(shí)到這個(gè)問(wèn)題了，realize“意識(shí)
到”，根據(jù) have 可知，此處用過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)，故填(r)ealized。
6．句意：人們已經(jīng)意識(shí)到霧霾造成的極大危害以及保護(hù)環(huán)境的重要性。根據(jù)“ the importance of...the
environment.”及首字母提示可知，人們知道了保護(hù)環(huán)境的重要性，protect“保護(hù)”，動(dòng)詞，of 后接動(dòng)名詞形
式，故填(p)rotecting。
7．句意：政府建議人們乘坐公交車和地鐵等公共交通工具上班或上學(xué)。根據(jù)“such as the bus and the
underground”及首字母提示可知，此處指的是“公共交通”，public“公共的”，形容詞，作定語(yǔ)修飾其后的名
詞 traffic，故填(p)ublic。
8．句意：我們還應(yīng)該種更多的樹。根據(jù)“more trees”及首字母提示可知，此處指的是“種樹”，plant“種植”，
動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 should 后接動(dòng)詞原形，故填(p)lant。
9．句意：我將騎自行車或步行上學(xué)，我不會(huì)隨地扔垃圾。根據(jù)“I won’t throw the waste”及首字母提示可知，
此處指的是“不會(huì)把垃圾丟的到處都是”，anywhere“任何地方”，故填(a)nywhere。
10．句意：我會(huì)告訴我遇到的人盡可能地保護(hù)環(huán)境。根據(jù)“ as...as they can”及首字母提示可知，此處是 as
possible as sb can“盡可能”，故填(p)ossible。
（20-21 八年級(jí)下·江蘇南京·期中）When you want to buy something, which would you like to buy, new
or second– hand
More and more people like to buy second-hand items. People can s 1 money because second-hand
items are much cheaper than new ones. Buying second- hand items is also good for the e 2 . It’s reported
that in 2020, the mass (質(zhì)量)of all man-made materials became greater than that of every living thing on Earth. So
it’s better to reuse old things i 3 of making new things.
“I love buying books on Déjà vu, an online second-hand bookstore. It’s good for students l 4 me,”
said Zhao Kaiqi, a 22-year-old college student from Harbin, Heilongjiang. “It also b 5 me interesting
experiences that I don’t have when I buy new books. One time, I found a note in a second-hand book. Its previous
(之前的) owner left the note and h 6 that I would enjoy reading the book. It was heartwarming to read.”
People can even find some items that are not made any more. For e 7 , some people like to buy
vintage (復(fù)古) items. These items often go back 30 years or even more. But if they’re in good c 8 ,
people can still use them.
“I am a big fan of vintage items,” said Yin Weian, a 25-year-old freelance writer from London, UK.
“Vintage items carry stories from the p 9 . Once I bought a bracelet (手鏈) with the words ‘Rose’ and
‘Love, Jason’ on it. It made me wonder about the story behind the bracelet. I think l 10 for vintage items
is a once-in-a- lifetime experience. It doesn’t matter how rich you are, but whether you can find an item that fits
you.”
What kind of second-hand things would you like to buy
【答案】
1．(s)ave 2．(e)nvironment 3．(i)nstead 4．(l)ike 5．(b)rings 6．(h)oped 7．(e)
xample 8．(c)ondition 9．(p)ast 10．(l)ooking
【分析】本文主要是宣傳鼓勵(lì)人們購(gòu)買二手物品。
1．句意：人們可以省錢，因?yàn)槎重洷刃碌谋阋说枚唷８鶕?jù)“much cheaper”可知，買二手商品可以省錢，
save 節(jié)省；can 為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后接動(dòng)詞原形，故填(s)ave。
2．句意：購(gòu)買二手物品對(duì)環(huán)境也有好處。根據(jù)“Earth”聯(lián)想可知，買二手商品對(duì)環(huán)境有好處，環(huán)境 environment，
故填(e)nvironment。
3．句意：因此，最好是重復(fù)使用舊的東西，而不是制造新的東西。根據(jù)“Buying second- hand items”可知，
本文倡導(dǎo)循環(huán)使用舊物件而不是再生產(chǎn)新的；結(jié)合首字母，固定搭配 instead of 代替，而不是，故填(i)
nstead。
4．句意：這對(duì)我這樣的學(xué)生有好處。根據(jù)“a 22-year-old college student from Harbin”可知，像她這樣的學(xué)生，
購(gòu)買二手書籍是好的，像 be like，故填(l)ike。
5．句意：它也給我?guī)?lái)了買新書時(shí)沒(méi)有的有趣經(jīng)歷。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空應(yīng)填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合句意
以及首字母提示，應(yīng)填 bring 帶來(lái)；此句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為 it，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故
填(b)rings。
6．句意：它以前的主人留下了紙條，希望我能喜歡讀這本書。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空應(yīng)填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，
結(jié)合句意以及首字母提示，應(yīng)填 hope 希望；根據(jù)“ left the note”可知，此句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填(h)oped。
7．句意：例如，有的人喜歡買復(fù)古的東西。根據(jù)“ some people like to buy vintage items.”可知，此處是在舉
例說(shuō)明，固定搭配 for example 例如，故填(e)xample。
8．句意：但如果它們狀況良好，人們?nèi)匀豢梢允褂盟鼈儭８鶕?jù)“These items often go back 30 years or even more”
以及“people can still use them”可知，這些物品都已經(jīng) 30 年甚至更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了，如果物品保存的好，狀況良好，
還可以繼續(xù)使用，狀況 condition，表狀態(tài)時(shí) condition 不可數(shù)，故填(c)ondition。
9．句意：復(fù)古物品承載著過(guò)去的故事。根據(jù)“Once I bought a bracelet with the words ‘Rose’ and ‘Love, Jason’
on it. It made me wonder about the story behind the bracelet”可知，復(fù)古的物品記錄著過(guò)去的故事，過(guò)去 past，
故填(p)ast。
10．句意：我認(rèn)為尋找古董是一種一生只有一次的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)“find” 暗示，進(jìn)行同義詞替換，應(yīng)為 look for，
且此處做從句的主語(yǔ)，所以用動(dòng)名詞形式，故填(l)ooking。
（21-22 八年級(jí)下·江蘇南京·期末）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示填寫所缺單詞。
Taking public transport, making payments online or just walking around—these daily activities can help
turn China’s deserts into forests if you are using Ant Forest.
Ant Forest is a feature in the Alipay mobile payment app. It records users’ low-carbon activities—taking a
bus to work i 1 of driving, for example—and gives users “green energy”. When a user’s green energy
gets high e 2 , Ant Forest and its partners will plant a real tree for that person.
Ant Forest r 3 the 2019 Champions of the Earth award（地球衛(wèi)士獎(jiǎng)）, the UN’s highest
environmental honor, for encouraging people to live greener lifestyles and protect the environment.
S 4 its launch（發(fā)起）in August 2016, Ant Forest and its partners have planted some 122 million
trees in China’s driest areas, which include regions in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Shanxi, reported
Xinhua News Agency. The trees c 5 an area of 112,000 hectares（公頃）. The project has become China’
s largest private-sector tree-planting initiative（倡議）.
This is only part of China’s efforts to make Earth g 6 . In 1978, China began a national-level
forestation（造林）project—the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program, also known as the “Great Green Wall”.
The program has improved living conditions and d 7 local business, according to China Daily.
It’s reported the forest coverage rate（覆蓋率）among the regions of the project r 8 13.57 percent
in 2017, compared to 5.05 percent 40 years ago.
In light of China’s success against desertification（沙漠化）, the United Nations Environment Programme
(UNEP) believes the country is a good e 9 for others to follow.
“China is one of the most s 10 countries in greening the desert and has lessons to share with the
world.” former UNEP Executive Director Erik Solheim told Xinhua.
【答案】
1．(i)nstead 2．(e)nough 3．(r)eceived 4．(S)ince 5．(c)over 6．(g)reen 7．(d)
eveloped 8．(r)aised 9．(e)xample 10．(s)uccessful
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了支付寶中螞蟻森林，介紹螞蟻森林如何運(yùn)行以及帶來(lái)的影響等，它通過(guò)記錄人們
低碳行為獲得的綠色能量，在干旱地區(qū)種植真實(shí)的樹，以此鼓勵(lì)人們用以綠色的生活方式保護(hù)環(huán)境。
1．句意：例如，乘坐公共汽車而不是開(kāi)車上班。根據(jù)“It records users’ low-carbon activities—taking a bus to
work ...of driving”可知，螞蟻森林提倡低碳活動(dòng)，所以是乘坐公交而不是開(kāi)車，instead of“而不是”，故填(i)
nstead。
2．句意：當(dāng)用戶的綠色能量足夠高時(shí)，螞蟻森林及其合作伙伴將為該用戶種植一棵真正的樹。根據(jù)“When
a user’s green energy gets high ..., Ant Forest and its partners will plant a real tree for that person.”可知，攢取足
夠高的綠色能量，就會(huì)種一顆真樹，enough“足夠”，修飾 high，故填(e)nough。
3．句意：螞蟻森林因鼓勵(lì)人們過(guò)更綠色的生活方式，保護(hù)環(huán)境，獲得了聯(lián)合國(guó)最高環(huán)保榮譽(yù)——2019 年
地球冠軍獎(jiǎng)。根據(jù)“Ant Forest ...the 2019 Champions of the Earth award”可知，獲得獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，receive“獲得”，時(shí)
態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，故填(r)eceived。
4．句意：據(jù)新華社報(bào)道，自 2016 年 8 月成立以來(lái)，螞蟻森林及其合作伙伴已經(jīng)在中國(guó)最干旱地區(qū)種植了
約 1.22 億棵樹，包括內(nèi)蒙古、甘肅、青海和山西等地區(qū)。根據(jù)“Ant Forest and its partners have planted some
122 million trees in China’s driest areas”可知，“since+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)”常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，since“自從”，句首需
大寫首字母，故填(S)ince。
5．句意：樹木覆蓋面積為 11.2 萬(wàn)公頃。根據(jù)“The trees....an area of 112,000 hectares.”及首字母可知，此處
指“覆蓋面積”，cover“覆蓋”，時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，d 故填(c)over。
6．句意：這只是中國(guó)綠化地球努力的一部分。根據(jù)“This is only part of China’s efforts to make Earth ....”及首
字母可知，是中國(guó)綠化地球，green“綠色的”，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，故填(g)reen。
7．句意：據(jù)《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》報(bào)道，該項(xiàng)目改善了當(dāng)?shù)氐纳顥l件，發(fā)展了當(dāng)?shù)氐纳虡I(yè)。根據(jù)“.....local business”
及首字母可知，是發(fā)展當(dāng)?shù)厣虡I(yè)，develope“發(fā)展”，時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，空處用過(guò)去分詞。故填(d)
eveloped。
8．句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，2017 年，該項(xiàng)目區(qū)域的森林覆蓋率提高了 13.57%，而 40 年前為 5.05%。根據(jù)“It’s reported
the forest coverage rate among the regions of the project r...13.57 percent in 2017, compared to 5.05 percent 40
years ago.”可知，森林覆蓋率提高了，raise“提高”，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，故填(r)aised。
9．句意：鑒于中國(guó)在防治荒漠化方面取得的成功，聯(lián)合國(guó)環(huán)境規(guī)劃署認(rèn)為中國(guó)是其他國(guó)家學(xué)習(xí)的好榜樣。
根據(jù)“the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) believes the country is a good ....for others to follow.”
可知，中國(guó)是其他國(guó)家學(xué)習(xí)的好榜樣，example“榜樣，例子”，此前有 a 修飾，使用名詞單數(shù)形式，故填(e)
xample。
10．句意：中國(guó)是沙漠綠化最成功的國(guó)家之一，有經(jīng)驗(yàn)可以與世界分享。根據(jù)“China is one of the most
s...countries in greening the desert and has lessons to share with the world.”可知，中國(guó)早沙漠綠化這一方面是成
功的，successful“成功的”，與空前 the most 形成最高級(jí)，在句中作定語(yǔ)修飾 countries，故填(s)uccessful。
重難語(yǔ)篇拔高練
（22-23 八年級(jí)下·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·期末）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及所給首字母提示寫出所缺單詞，使短文意思完整， 每
空一詞。
Environmental protection is important for the health of our earth. We need to r 1 how our actions
influence the environment.
In our daily life, plenty of waste we produce is a big problem. We can r 2 waste by choosing to
buy products with l 3 packaging (包裝) and to recycle items properly. S 4 rubbish into
different categories, such as plastic, paper, and glass, can also be a great help.
Moreover, we d 5 on natural resources for our daily needs, such as water, air, and food. It is
important to save resources by using them w 6 . For example, turning off the tap w 7 brushing
our teeth can save water, and turning off lights when leaving a room can save electricity.
Finally, we must also think about the r 8 of our choices for the environment. Choosing to use
public transportation or carpooling (共乘一輛車) instead of driving a 9 can reduce air pollution.
Planting trees can also help take in CO2 and i 10 air quality.
By taking these steps, we can help protect the environment and make a better future.
【答案】
1．(r)ealize/(r)ealise 2．(r)educe 3．(l)ess/(l)ittle 4．(S)eparating 5．(d)epend 6．(w)
isely 7．(w)hile / (w)hen 8．(r)esult/(r)esults 9．(a)lone 10．(i)mprove
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述人們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪幸绾蚊髦堑厥褂觅Y源來(lái)節(jié)省資源、保護(hù)環(huán)境。
1．句意：我們需要認(rèn)識(shí)到我們的行為是如何影響環(huán)境的。根據(jù)“Environmental protection is important for the
health of our earth.”可知此處指“我們需要認(rèn)識(shí)到我們的行為對(duì)環(huán)境的影響”；realize/realise“認(rèn)識(shí)到”，need to
do sth“需要做某事”，填動(dòng)詞原形。故填(r)ealize/(r)ealise。
2．句意：我們可以通過(guò)選擇購(gòu)買包裝（較）少的產(chǎn)品和適當(dāng)回收物品來(lái)減少浪費(fèi)。根據(jù)下文“by choosing
to buy products with less /little packaging and to recycle items properly.”可知此處指“通過(guò)選擇購(gòu)買包裝（較）
少的產(chǎn)品和適當(dāng)回收物品來(lái)減少浪費(fèi)”；reduce“減少”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填(r)educe。
3．句意：我們可以通過(guò)選擇購(gòu)買包裝（較）少的產(chǎn)品和適當(dāng)回收物品來(lái)減少浪費(fèi)。下文“and to recycle items
properly”；根據(jù) and 表相承的關(guān)系，可知此處指“選擇購(gòu)買包裝（較）少的產(chǎn)品和適當(dāng)回收物品來(lái)減少浪費(fèi)”；
修飾不可數(shù)名詞用 less“較少的”/little“少的”。故填(l)ess/ (l)ittle。
4．句意：將垃圾分為不同的類別，如塑料、紙張和玻璃，也會(huì)有很大的幫助。根據(jù)下文“…such as plastic,
paper, and glass,”可知此處指“將垃圾分為不同的類別”；separate“分類”，填動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。故填(S)
eparating。
5．句意：此外，我們的日常需求依賴自然資源，如水、空氣和食物。根據(jù)下文“…such as water, air, and food.”
可知此處指“日常需求依賴水、空氣和食物等自然資源”；depend on“依靠……”；句子陳述客觀的事實(shí)，用
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ) we，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形。故填(d)epend。
6．句意：通過(guò)明智地使用資源來(lái)節(jié)省資源是很重要的。根據(jù)下文“For example, turning off the tap … and
turning off lights”可知此處指“明智地使用資源來(lái)節(jié)省資源”；填副詞 wisely“明智地”修飾動(dòng)詞。故填(w)
isely。
7．句意：例如，刷牙時(shí)關(guān)上水龍頭可以節(jié)水，離開(kāi)房間時(shí)關(guān)燈可以省電。根據(jù)下文“and turning off lights
when leaving a room can save electricity.”可知刷牙時(shí)關(guān)上水龍頭可以節(jié)水，when/while“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”。故填(w)
hile / (w)hen。
8．句意：最后，我們還必須考慮到我們?yōu)榱谁h(huán)境所做的選擇的結(jié)果。根據(jù)下文“Choosing to use public
transportation or carpooling…Planting trees…”可知此處指“我們?yōu)榱谁h(huán)境所做的選擇的結(jié)果”；result(s)“結(jié)果”，
可用復(fù)數(shù)形式表泛指。故填(r)esult(s)。
9．句意：選擇使用公共交通工具或拼車而不是獨(dú)自開(kāi)車可以減少空氣污染。根據(jù)“can reduce air pollution”
可知此處指“不要獨(dú)自開(kāi)車”；alone“獨(dú)自地”。故填(a)lone。
10．句意：植樹還有助于吸收二氧化碳，改善空氣質(zhì)量。根據(jù)“Planting trees”可知此處指“植樹可以改善空
氣質(zhì)量”；improve“改善”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填(i)mprove。
（22-23 八年級(jí)下·江蘇南通·期末）閱讀短文，根據(jù)所給的首字母提示，寫出一個(gè)合適的單詞，使短文通順。
Recently the term “carbon neutral (碳中和)” has been a public topic. Being carbon neutral means cutting d
1 carbon emissions (碳排放) to zero or balancing (均衡) them out by taking some carbon out of the
atmosphere (大 氣 層 ). Carbon emissions make the climate (氣 候 ) change for the w 2 and the
temperatures rise. They are caused by all kinds of human activities. Burning fossil fuels (化工燃料) like coal, oil
and gas to p 3 energy is a main source of carbon emissions.
China has promised to be carbon-neutral by 2060. To achieve this goal (目 標(biāo) ), we will face many
challenges (挑戰(zhàn)). However, many hands make light work. We students can also make contributions (貢獻(xiàn)) to
helping r 4 this goal. Here’re some suggestions:
Travel in a green way
Since driving cars has caused serious air problems, we’d better do more walking or cycling instead of
driving. By doing so, we can save energy and reduce air p 5 .
Save water
Lack (缺乏) of water resources will be h 6 to the ecological (生態(tài)的) environment. So please
turn off the tap after using it.
Plant more trees
A good way of balancing out the carbon emissions is to plant trees b 7 trees can take in CO2 as
they grow.
Reduce food waste
Schools can encourage students to save food by comparing (對(duì)比) how much food is not eaten by students
after each meal. They can w 8 the leftovers (剩余飯菜) by putting them on the scale (秤). Also, they can
put the leftovers into a machine that can t 9 the waste into useful things. For example, some waste can
be put in the garden to help plants grow.
Let’s join together to see how small changes can make a big d 10 .
【答案】
1．(d)own 2．(w)orse 3．(p)roduce 4．(r)ealize/(r)ealise 5．(p)ollution 6．(h)armful 7．
(b)ecause 8．(w)eigh 9．(t)urn 10．(d)ifference
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一些關(guān)于“如何保護(hù)環(huán)境，過(guò)低碳生活”的一些建議。
1．句意：碳中和意味著將碳排放減少到零，或者通過(guò)從大氣中吸收一些碳來(lái)平衡碳排放。cut down“減少”，
固定短語(yǔ)。故填(d)own。
2．句意：碳排放使氣候變化惡化，氣溫上升。根據(jù)“the temperatures rise”可知碳排放使得氣候變得更糟；
結(jié)合首字母提示可知，應(yīng)填 worse“更糟”。故填(w)orse。
3．句意：燃燒煤炭、石油和天然氣等化石燃料生產(chǎn)能源是碳排放的主要來(lái)源。根據(jù)“Burning fossil fuels (化
工燃料) like coal, oil and gas”可知燃燒像煤炭、石油和天然氣這樣的化工燃料會(huì)產(chǎn)生能量；produce“產(chǎn)生”，
動(dòng)詞；to 后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填(p)roduce。
4．句意：我們學(xué)生也可以為實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)做出貢獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)“this goal”及首字母可知此處指實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)；
realize/realise“實(shí)現(xiàn)”，動(dòng)詞；help do sth.“幫助做某事”。故填(r)ealize/(r)ealise。
5．句意：通過(guò)這樣做，我們可以節(jié)約能源，減少空氣污染。根據(jù)“we’d better do more walking or cycling instead
of driving.”可知步行或騎行代替開(kāi)車，這會(huì)減少空氣污染；air pollution“空氣污染”。故填(p)ollution。
6．句意：水資源的缺乏將會(huì)危害生態(tài)環(huán)境。根據(jù)“Lack (缺乏) of water resources”可知缺乏水資源將會(huì)危害
生態(tài)系統(tǒng)；結(jié)合首字母提示可知，harmful“有害的”；be harmful to“對(duì)……有害”。故填(h)armful。
7．句意：平衡碳排放的一個(gè)好方法是種樹，因?yàn)闃淠驹谏L(zhǎng)過(guò)程中可以吸收二氧化碳。根據(jù)“A good way
of balancing out the carbon emissions is to plant trees ... trees can take in CO2 as they grow.”可知前后句為因果
關(guān)系；由首字母提示可知，應(yīng)填 because“因?yàn)椤薄９侍?b)ecause。
8．句意：他們可以把剩菜放在秤上稱重量。根據(jù)“putting them on the scale (秤)”可知是給剩余飯菜稱重；
weigh“稱，稱……的重量”，動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can 后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填(w)eigh。
9．句意：此外，他們還可以把剩飯剩菜放進(jìn)機(jī)器里，這樣就可以把廢物變成有用的東西。turn ... into“把……
變成……”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can 后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填(t)urn。
10．句意：讓我們一起來(lái)看看小的改變是如何產(chǎn)生大的不同的。make a big difference“產(chǎn)生重大影響”，固
定短語(yǔ)。故填(d)ifference。

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