資源簡介

Unit 8 A green world
單元話題完形填空練習
基礎語篇鞏固練
（23-24 八年級下·陜西西安·階段練習）Dong Yonghong, a marathon (馬拉松) runner, is 1
middle school geography teacher. Many years ago, 2 he was running a marathon along the Ulan Mulun
River, the local “mother river”, he noticed people throwing rubbish along the riverbank. He got the idea to let his
3 take part in the protection of the river.
Dong 4 up the rubbish whenever he saw it. He knew it’s important to get more people for river
protection. So he set up the Green School with Love and Care project 5 2011. 6 the project,
Dong has done nine field studies in Ordos covering thousands of kilometers. The number of members has reached
more than 5,000. The members have collected or recycled as 7 as 1.5 million plastic bottles, 300 tons
of waste paper and 20, 000 used batteries (電池)。
Dong takes 8 students to the river every weekend for rubbish pickup. Do you know 9
he often teaches his students geography Yeah, along the river. Isn’t it amazing It’s an outdoor geography
classroom.
“I hope that through my efforts, the students will know their hometown 10 than before and love
it more so that they will realize the importance of protecting the environment,” Dong said.
1．A．a B．an C．the D．/
2．A．if B．before C．after D．when
3．A．student B．students C．worker D．workers
4．A．picked B．picks C．is picking D．will pick
5．A．on B．at C．in D．along
6．A．Improve B．To improve C．Suffer D．To suffer
7．A．many B．much C．more D．most
8．A．he B．him C．his D．himself
9．A．when B．what C．where D．how
10．A．badly B．worse C．well D．better
（23-24 八年級下·安徽安慶·階段練習）A thousand years ago, Hong Kong was covered by a thick forest.
As more and more people came to live in Hong Kong, these trees were cut down and burnt. Now there is 1
forest left, though there are still some small areas covered with trees. We call these woods.
Elephants, tigers and many 2 animals were living in the thick forest. When people came to live
in Hong Kong, the 3 began to die out. Early farmers grew rice and 4 pigs and chickens in
the valleys (山谷). They cut down the trees and burnt them. They needed 5 to keep themselves warm
in winter, to cook their food and to keep away the dangerous animals. Elephants quickly disappeared because
there was not enough food for them. 6 did most of the wolves and tigers. Monkeys and many other
animals soon 7 in the same way.
You might think that there are no longer any animals in Hong Kong 8 in the zoos. There are still
about 36 different animals 9 there. One of the most interesting animals of Hong Kong is the barking
deer (赤麂).These are beautiful little animals with a rich brown coat and a white patch (斑點) under the tail. They
look like deer but they are much like a barking dog. In Hong Kong the barking deer has only a real enemy (敵
人)—man. People hunt these little animals though it is illegal (違法的). There are now not many barking deer left.
So it is important for people to care 10 wild animals.
1．A．many B．a few C．no D．not
2．A．other B．others C．the other D．another
3．A．people B．animals C．plants D．things
4．A．grew B．made C．got D．kept
5．A．fire B．hotness C．heat D．stoves (爐子)
6．A．So B．Such C．As D．Nor
7．A．lived B．died C．came D．left
8．A．besides B．except C．and D．or
9．A．live B．to live C．lived D．living
10．A．of B．on C．for D．to
（2025 八年級下·全國·專題練習）Is the river water clean now Have you 1 drunk water
directly from a river I’m sure your answer is “No”. Perhaps you have tried the water from a well (水井) or from
a tap. 2 , as I know, most of you only drink water from a water boiler (鍋爐) 3 the bottled
water bought from a shop nowadays.
But things were quite 4 many years ago. At that time, all the small rivers around us were very
clear and the water was very clean. If you were 5 , you could just take some water from the river with
your hands and drink directly. It was cool and sweet. In 6 , when it was hot, you could swim in the
rivers. How pleasant it was! But all that happened in the past. Things have 7 a lot over the years. There
is more and more waste in the world. The rivers are full of 8 kinds of wastes. Most of the river water
has become very dirty 9 the pollution. Some of the river water is not even clean enough for us to wash
our hands.
What a 10 ! I wonder when I could taste the clean river water again.
1．A．already B．just C．ever D．never
2．A．However B．Though C．Since D．Because
3．A．even B．or C．but D．so
4．A．same B．easy C．difficult D．different
5．A．thirsty B．hungry C．tired D．sleepy
6．A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter
7．A．turned B．got C．happened D．changed
8．A．either B．both C．all D．same
9．A．because B．because of C．instead D．instead of
10．A．matter B．fact C．luck D．pity
（23-24 八年級上·陜西西安·期中）閱讀下面短文，理解大意，從各小題的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案，
使短文連貫完整。
Turn on the tap (水龍頭) and the water comes out. Getting water is so 1 that you may think
water is endless. But it is not true. 70% of the earth is covered with water, but most of the water is salt water,
leaving only a small percent of 2 drinking water. Some 3 such as Italy, Spain and South
Africa even buy water from other countries.
Each person in the UK uses about 150 liters (升) of water a day. However, each person in some countries
4 uses 5-10 liters of water a day. We should help 5 water. Let’s have a look at what you can help:
Don’t leave the water running while brushing teeth. We brush our teeth twice a day and by turning the tap
off when we brush, we 6 save 5-10 liters of water.
Don’t use the toilet 7 a wastebasket. Every time you flush (沖) used paper, waste food or other
small bits of rubbish, 8 water is used.
Make use of 9 . Collect rainwater in buckets (桶) in your garden and use it to water your plants.
Reuse. Share bathwater with your family to reduce (減少) costs and water use. Why not try your best to
10 your shower time by 1 or 2 minutes
1．A．easy B．fun C．necessary D．important
2．A．cheap B．fresh C．rich D．main
3．A．towns B．cities C．villages D．countries
4．A．almost B．also C．only D．even
5．A．expect B．save C．lose D．appear
6．A．can B．need C．should D．must
7．A．for B．as C．of D．from
8．A．more B．less C．fewer D．worse
9．A．time B．talent C．role D．rain
10．A．cut off B．cut up C．cut down D．cut in
（22-23 八年級下·陜西西安·期末）Li Ming lives near the sea. He loves 1 to the beach to relax
when he is free.
It was a 2 day last Sunday. Li Ming decided to enjoy the sunshine and the sea, so he took his
things and went to the beach.
There were many 3 on the beach when he got there. Li Ming found a place and lay down. After
a while, Li Ming 4 something in the sand. He looked 5 and found it was a waste bottle.
Then, he saw a waste bag floating in the water. People threw away rubbish all over the beach!
Li Ming felt sad. He looked around and found there were only a few dustbins (垃圾箱) on the beach. Li
Ming decided to do something 6 . He began to collect the rubbish on the beach. Then he went home and
called some of his 7 . Li Ming and his friends made two big signs by 8 to ask people not to
throw away rubbish everywhere. Then they took the signs to the beach and 9 them up. That evening, Li
Ming wrote a letter to the local government and suggested putting more dustbins on the beach.
“Signs and dustbins are not the 10 important. The most important thing is that everyone should
take an action to protect the environment,” said Li Ming.
1．A．go B．goes C．going D．went
2．A．sun B．sunny C．rain D．rainy
3．A．people B．peoples C．child D．childs
4．A．see B．sees C．seeing D．saw
5．A．care B．careful C．carefully D．carelessly
6．A．help B．helps C．helpful D．helped
7．A．friend B．friends C．friendly D．unfriendly
8．A．they B．them C．their D．themselves
9．A．put B．puted C．putted D．putting
10．A．much B．many C．more D．most
（22-23 八年級下·江蘇蘇州·期末）Cars make our lives much easier. But they can also be a problem,
1 fossil fuel (化石燃料) cars. They have become a main 2 of air pollution.
To improve the environment, many countries are 3 electric vehicles (EVs, 電動車). Among
them is China. China has became the world’s largest EV market, according to the Wall Street Journal. In 2021
4 in China, more than twice as many as the number sold in the United States, Chinese drivers are already big
5 of EVs. Chinese auto companies, including BYD and BAIC, have been among the top in the world in EV
sales.
“Charging (充電) an electric car is 6 than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas,” said Wu Hao,
who bought an electric car from BAIC this year. 7 , there are still some problems. It can be hard to find
charging 8 . The cars can’t go far 9 needing to be charged again.
Some of these problems are being solved. Now China has the world’s largest EV charging network. There
are more than 2.6 million charging stations in total.
Developing EVs is one of the actions China has taken to protect the 10 . “As China goes, so Will
the world’s auto industry (產業),” the Wall Street Journal said.
1．A．especially B．exactly C．finally D．really
2．A．excuse B．cause C．matter D．event
3．A．designing B．describing C．developing D．depending
4．A．bought B．made C．produced D．sold
5．A．fans B．heroes C．members D．engineers
6．A．cheaper B．faster C．greater D．easier
7．A．Anyway B．Moreover C．Instead D．However
8．A．companies B．stations C．factories D．people
9．A．when B．till C．before D．as
10．A．wildlife B．nature C．humans D．environment
（22-23 八年級下·江蘇南京·期末）Edgar McGregor is a 20-year-old climate activist. He spent 589 days
straight picking up litter 1 Eaton Canyon (峽谷). Eaton Canyon is a part of the Angeles National Forest
in southern California.
Edgar promised to pick up litter 2 by visitors while posting his progress on an online social
platform (平臺). He has more than 17,000 followers now!
Edgar started this journey when he learned that Los Angeles would attend the Olympic Games in 2028. He
thought the litter would be a “national embarrassment” for the United States. He decided to start with cleaning
Eaton Canyon 3 he lives closest to it. There are many trails (小徑) and waterfalls as well as homeless
encampments (營地).
Thanks to his work, Eaton Canyon is now free of 4 . Edgar said recently that there was no more
rubbish in the canyon. However, his work doesn’t end. He plans to go back to the canyon often to keep its clean
5 .
When asked about his 6 , Edgar said, “Whether it is hot or 7 , it doesn’t matter. I stayed
there for at least an hour every day, cleaning up the canyon.”
All of the recyclable things he picked up were sold and he gave away all the money. Edgar has donated the
money to organizations such as World Central Kitchen and some schools in Uganda.
He often 8 everyone to take action in cleaning up online. “If you think my work is inspiring, go
outside to clean up the planet and let me see it,” Edgar wrote on the online social platform. “It has nothing to do
with your abilities. It’s 9 something that everyone could do.”
10 don’t always wear capes (披風) like Superman. What can you do for the environment
1．A．from B．about C．with D．to
2．A．forgotten B．leaving C．left D．forgetting
3．A．since B．when C．so D．but
4．A．food B．waste C．water D．money
5．A．suggestion B．treatment C．condition D．achievement
6．A．interest B．life C．need D．experience
7．A．rainy B．late C．strange D．low
8．A．brings B．provides C．encourages D．refuses
9．A．ever B．still C．just D．even
10．A．Writers B．Thieves C．Fans D．Heroes
重難語篇拔高練
（22-23 八年級下·江蘇揚州·階段練習）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的四個選項中選出一
個最佳答案。
It only takes one person to make huge changes in a community. Margie Richard is one of these people. She
is a great Black environmental activist（活躍分子）. She has worked for many years to 1 her
hometown. She has also helped other Black communities fight against 2 pollution.
Even today, Black people are more likely than white people to live in neighborhoods with 3
levels of air pollution. These neighborhoods are 4 near factories that pollute the air. This pollution
causes people in these communities to get 5 . Richards fights against big companies that 6
these factories. She wants people in these communities to be able to breathe clean air and live 7 lives.
First, Richard spoke to scientists and environmentalists. She had to prove（證明）that the 8 was
polluting the air. After more than 13 years of hard work, Richard and others put together a report. This report
proved that the factory 9 2 million pounds of harmful chemicals into the air each year. Richard spoke
to the media（媒體）about the 10 of this air pollution. She convinced（使信服）many people 11
the country. They helped spread her message.
Finally, the oil company agreed to help people in Old Diamond. The company paid people money to move
away from the factory. It also worked to 12 its factories to be less harmful to the environment.
Margie Richard believes there is still a long way to go, 13 she continues to help other
communities fight against pollution from big companies. She wants to get her 14 out to the world. She
reminds people that 15 can change their community. They just have to speak up and take action！
1．A．find B．control C．improve D．organize
2．A．air B．land C．water D．noise
3．A．low B．new C．old D．high
4．A．never B．seldom C．once D．often
5．A．bad B．sick C．strong D．happy
6．A．run B．buy C．stop D．hurt
7．A．fuller B．slower C．faster D．healthier
8．A．factories B．companies C．communities D．neighborhoods
9．A．put off B．took off C．gave off D．cut off
10．A．goals B．dangers C．chances D．meanings
11．A．at B．for C．with D．across
12．A．move B．wish C．avoid D．change
13．A．unless B．so C．that D．although
14．A．pollution B．factories C．company D．idea
15．A．someone B．something C．anyone D．anything
（21-22 八年級下·江蘇揚州·期末）Do you often use plastic straws (吸管) You probably use them to
1 lots of things, such as soybean milk (豆漿) , cola or milk tea. Plastic straws are small 2 they are
a big problem. They are made in 10 minutes, used in 20 3 and normally remain on the earth for over
100 years since they cannot be 4 easily.
But how do plastic straws get into the 5 Because of human mistakes, they are often thrown
away, left on beaches, or blown out of bins. The waste management (管 理 ) in some areas are so poor and
remember, all gutters (排水溝) lead to our ocean. 6 , plastic straws kill ocean life. Once a 7
was found bleeding because a 12-centimeter-long plastic straw was pushed into 8 nose. How terrible!
In fact, around 500 million plastic straws are used every day in the US alone. That is enough to circle
9 two-and-a-half times around our planet! If we don’t take action now, there will be 10 plastic in
the ocean than fish by 2050.
Luckily, more and more people around the world have realized this problem. They begin to think about
11 plastic straws are necessary or not when drinking drinks.
So what can we do right now to reduce plastic pollution The simplest way is to say “ 12 ” to
single-use plastic, like straws. For example, next time if you go to a restaurant, make sure you order your drink
without a straw. What if people need to use a straw There are reusable (可再用的) straws instead. These straws
can be used, 13 , and reused over and over again.
Coffee house chain Starbucks (星巴克) has started to 14 lids (蓋子) without straws and paper
straws instead of plastic straws in almost 1000 stores in Shanghai and Shenzhen. Starbucks is not alone.
McDonald’s has 15 taken action to reduce the use of plastic straws. It is hoped that more businesses
and customers will work together to protect our environment.
1．A．drink B．eat C．tie D．make
2．A．so B．and C．or D．but
3．A．seconds B．minutes C．hours D．days
4．A．cut down B．written down C．broken down D．put down
5．A．earth B．air C．water D．ocean
6．A．For example B．Such as C．Even worse D．For one thing
7．A．camel B．monkey C．turtle D．giraffe
8．A．their B．its C．her D．his
9．A．closely B．nearly C．specially D．particularly
10．A．more B．fewer C．less D．better
11．A．whether B．if C．why D．what
12．A．hello B．sorry C．yes D．no
13．A．repaired B．burned C．picked D．cleaned
14．A．offer B．afford C．affect D．instruct
15．A．still B．also C．ever D．justUnit 8 A green world
單元話題完形填空練習
基礎語篇鞏固練
（23-24 八年級下·陜西西安·階段練習）Dong Yonghong, a marathon (馬拉松) runner, is 1
middle school geography teacher. Many years ago, 2 he was running a marathon along the Ulan Mulun
River, the local “mother river”, he noticed people throwing rubbish along the riverbank. He got the idea to let his
3 take part in the protection of the river.
Dong 4 up the rubbish whenever he saw it. He knew it’s important to get more people for river
protection. So he set up the Green School with Love and Care project 5 2011. 6 the project,
Dong has done nine field studies in Ordos covering thousands of kilometers. The number of members has reached
more than 5,000. The members have collected or recycled as 7 as 1.5 million plastic bottles, 300 tons
of waste paper and 20, 000 used batteries (電池)。
Dong takes 8 students to the river every weekend for rubbish pickup. Do you know 9
he often teaches his students geography Yeah, along the river. Isn’t it amazing It’s an outdoor geography
classroom.
“I hope that through my efforts, the students will know their hometown 10 than before and love
it more so that they will realize the importance of protecting the environment,” Dong said.
1．A．a B．an C．the D．/
2．A．if B．before C．after D．when
3．A．student B．students C．worker D．workers
4．A．picked B．picks C．is picking D．will pick
5．A．on B．at C．in D．along
6．A．Improve B．To improve C．Suffer D．To suffer
7．A．many B．much C．more D．most
8．A．he B．him C．his D．himself
9．A．when B．what C．where D．how
10．A．badly B．worse C．well D．better
【答案】
1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．D
【導語】本文主要講述了馬拉松選手董永紅同時也是一名中學地理老師，他看到人們在 “母親河” 河岸扔
垃圾后，產生了讓學生參與保護河流的想法，并成立了相關項目，帶領學生進行垃圾清理等活動，希望學
生能更了解并熱愛家鄉，意識到保護環境的重要性。
1．句意：董永紅，一名馬拉松選手，是一名中學地理老師。
a 一個，不定冠詞，用于輔音音素開頭的單數可數名詞前；an 一個，不定冠詞，用于元音音素開頭的單數
可數名詞前；the 這個、那個，表示特指；“/”表示零冠詞。根據“Dong Yonghong, a marathon runner, is...middle
school geography teacher.”可知，句中“middle school geography teacher”是單數可數名詞短語，且“middle”讀
音以輔音音素開頭，此處表示泛指“一名”，所以用“a”。故選 A。
2．句意：許多年前，當他沿著當地的“母親河”烏蘭木倫河跑馬拉松時，他注意到人們在河岸扔垃圾。
if 如果；before 在……之前；after 在……之后；when 當……時候。根據“he was running a marathon along the
Ulan Mulun River, he noticed people throwing rubbish along the riverbank”可知，這里是說在跑馬拉松這個動
作進行的過程中，他注意到了人們扔垃圾的行為，“when”引導時間狀語從句，意為“當……時候”符合語境。
故選 D。
3．句意：他產生了讓他的學生參與保護河流的想法。
student學生，單數；students學生，復數；worker工人，單數；workers工人，復數。根據下文“Dong takes...students
to the river every weekend for rubbish pickup.”可知，他是讓“學生”參與，且根據常識學生不止一個，所以用
復數“students”。故選 B。
4．句意：董無論何時看到垃圾都會撿起來。
picked 撿拾，過去式；picks 撿拾，一般現在時第三人稱單數形式；is picking 在撿拾，是現在進行時；will
pick 將要撿拾，是一般將來時。根據“Many years ago”以及全文時態可知，這里描述過去的事情，時態用一
般過去時，“pick up”表示“撿起”，“pick”的過去式是“picked”。故選 A。
5．句意：所以他在 2011 年設立了“愛心綠色學?！表椖?。
on 用于具體的某一天或具體某一天的上午、下午、晚上；at 用于具體的時刻前；in 用于年、月、季節等前；
along 沿著。根據“So he set up the Green School with Love and Care project...2011.”可知，此處指在 2011 年。
“2011”是年份，前面應該用介詞“in”。故選 C。
6．句意：為了提高河流保護的意識，董在鄂爾多斯進行了九次實地考察，行程數千公里。
Improve 提高；To improve 是動詞不定式形式，表目的；Suffer 遭受；To suffer 是動詞不定式形式，意為“遭
受”。根據“He knew it’s important to get more people for river protection.”可知，他進行實地考察是“為了提高”
人們保護河流的意識，此處用動詞不定式“To improve”表目的。故選 B。
7．句意：成員們已經收集或回收了多達 150 萬個塑料瓶、300 噸廢紙和 20000 個廢舊電池。
many 許多，修飾可數名詞復數；much 許多，修飾不可數名詞；more 更多，是比較級；most 最多，是最
高級。根據“The members have collected or recycled as...as 1.5 million plastic bottles.”可知，句中“as...as”中間
用形容詞或副詞原級，“plastic bottles”是可數名詞復數，“as many as”表示“多達”，修飾可數名詞復數，所以
使用“many”。故選 A。
8．句意：董每個周末都帶他的學生去河邊撿垃圾。
he 他，主格；him 他，賓格；his 他的，形容詞性物主代詞或名詞性物主代詞；himself 他自己，反身代詞。
根據“Dong takes...students to the river every weekend for rubbish pickup.”可知，句中“students”是名詞，前面
應該用形容詞性物主代詞修飾，“his”意為“他的”符合語境。“his students”指“他的學生”。故選 C。
9．句意：你知道他經常在哪里教他的學生地理嗎？
when什么時候；what什么；where哪里；how怎樣。根據“Do you know...he often teaches his students geography ”
及下文“Yeah, along the river.”可知，回答的是地點，所以這里問的應該是“在哪里”教學生地理，“where”符合
語境。故選 C。
10．句意：我希望通過我的努力，學生們能比以前更了解他們的家鄉，更熱愛它，這樣他們就能意識到保
護環境的重要性。
badly 糟糕地；worse 更糟地，是比較級；well 好地；better 更好地，是比較級。根據“I hope that through my
efforts, the students will know their hometown...than before and love it more so that...”可知，句中“than before”
表明此處應該使用比較級，且根據“love it more”可知，是希望學生能比以前“更好地”了解家鄉，此處使用
比較級“better”表示“更好的”符合語境。故選 D。
（23-24 八年級下·安徽安慶·階段練習）A thousand years ago, Hong Kong was covered by a thick forest.
As more and more people came to live in Hong Kong, these trees were cut down and burnt. Now there is 1
forest left, though there are still some small areas covered with trees. We call these woods.
Elephants, tigers and many 2 animals were living in the thick forest. When people came to live
in Hong Kong, the 3 began to die out. Early farmers grew rice and 4 pigs and chickens in
the valleys (山谷). They cut down the trees and burnt them. They needed 5 to keep themselves warm
in winter, to cook their food and to keep away the dangerous animals. Elephants quickly disappeared because
there was not enough food for them. 6 did most of the wolves and tigers. Monkeys and many other
animals soon 7 in the same way.
You might think that there are no longer any animals in Hong Kong 8 in the zoos. There are still
about 36 different animals 9 there. One of the most interesting animals of Hong Kong is the barking
deer (赤麂).These are beautiful little animals with a rich brown coat and a white patch (斑點) under the tail. They
look like deer but they are much like a barking dog. In Hong Kong the barking deer has only a real enemy (敵
人)—man. People hunt these little animals though it is illegal (違法的). There are now not many barking deer left.
So it is important for people to care 10 wild animals.
1．A．many B．a few C．no D．not
2．A．other B．others C．the other D．another
3．A．people B．animals C．plants D．things
4．A．grew B．made C．got D．kept
5．A．fire B．hotness C．heat D．stoves (爐子)
6．A．So B．Such C．As D．Nor
7．A．lived B．died C．came D．left
8．A．besides B．except C．and D．or
9．A．live B．to live C．lived D．living
10．A．of B．on C．for D．to
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．D 10．C
【導語】本文講的是香港一千年前的森林被砍伐，導致許多動物滅絕；并介紹了現在剩下的動物情況，特
別是關于赤麂的保護問題。
1．句意：現在幾乎沒有森林剩下，盡管仍有一些小區域覆蓋著樹木。
many 許多，修飾可數名詞；a few 一些，修飾可數名詞；no 沒有，修飾不可數名詞；not 否定詞，需搭配
其他成分。根據“though there are still some small areas covered with trees”可知，森林幾乎消失，但仍有零星
殘留。forest 為不可數名詞，故選 C。
2．句意：大象、老虎和許多其他動物曾生活在茂密的森林中。
other 其他，修飾復數名詞；others 其他的人或物；the other 兩者中的另一個；another 另一個。根據“many...
animals”可知，此處需用 other 飾復數名詞，表示“其他動物”。故選 A。
3．句意：當人們來到香港生活時，動物開始滅絕。
people 人；animals 動物；plants 植物；things 事物。根據前文提到“Elephants, tigers and many other animals
were living in the thick forest.”可知，此處主語為動物。故選 B。
4．句意：早期農民在山谷種植水稻并飼養豬和雞。
grew 種植；made 制造；got 獲得；kept 飼養。根據“pigs and chickens”可知，此處需搭配表示“飼養”的動詞，
故選 D。
5．句意：他們需要火來取暖、烹飪食物和驅趕危險動物。
fire 火；hotness 熱度；heat 熱量；stoves 爐子。根據“burnt them”及“to keep themselves warm in winter, to cook
their food and to keep away the dangerous animals.”可知，需用火來做這些事，故選 A。
6．句意：狼和老虎也幾乎滅絕了。
So 因此，表結果；Such 如此；As 由于；Nor 也不。根據“Elephants quickly disappeared...did most of the wolves
and tigers.”可知，此處用“so do sb”倒裝結構表示“同樣情況”，故選 A。
7．句意：猴子和其他動物也以同樣的方式很快死亡。
lived 生存；died 死亡；came 來；left 離開。根據“die out”及“in the same way”，其他動物也是這樣死掉的，
故選 B。
8．句意：你可能會認為，除了動物園，香港已沒有動物。
besides 除了，包括在內；except 除了，排除在外；and 和；or 或。根據“no longer any animals... except in the
zoos”可知，此處表示排除動物園，故選 B。
9．句意：仍有約 36 種動物生活在這里。
live 原形；to live 不定式；lived 過去式；living 動名詞或現在分詞。根據“there are... animals... there”可知，
此處需用現在分詞作后置定語，表示“生活在這里”。故選 D。
10．句意：保護野生動物對人類很重要。
of……的；on 在……上面；for 為了；to 向。根據“wild animals”可知，此處說的是保護野生動物，“care for
關心、保護”，固定詞組。故選 C。
（2025 八年級下·全國·專題練習）Is the river water clean now Have you 1 drunk water
directly from a river I’m sure your answer is “No”. Perhaps you have tried the water from a well (水井) or from
a tap. 2 , as I know, most of you only drink water from a water boiler (鍋爐) 3 the bottled
water bought from a shop nowadays.
But things were quite 4 many years ago. At that time, all the small rivers around us were very
clear and the water was very clean. If you were 5 , you could just take some water from the river with
your hands and drink directly. It was cool and sweet. In 6 , when it was hot, you could swim in the
rivers. How pleasant it was! But all that happened in the past. Things have 7 a lot over the years. There
is more and more waste in the world. The rivers are full of 8 kinds of wastes. Most of the river water
has become very dirty 9 the pollution. Some of the river water is not even clean enough for us to wash
our hands.
What a 10 ! I wonder when I could taste the clean river water again.
1．A．already B．just C．ever D．never
2．A．However B．Though C．Since D．Because
3．A．even B．or C．but D．so
4．A．same B．easy C．difficult D．different
5．A．thirsty B．hungry C．tired D．sleepy
6．A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter
7．A．turned B．got C．happened D．changed
8．A．either B．both C．all D．same
9．A．because B．because of C．instead D．instead of
10．A．matter B．fact C．luck D．pity
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．D
【導語】本文作者通過飲水談論水質的變化，以前的河水清澈、干凈，可以直接喝，還可以游泳；而現在
因為污染，河水變得很臟。
1．句意：你曾經直接從河里喝水嗎？
already 已經；just 只是；ever 曾經；never 從不。根據“Have you…drunk water directly from a river ”可知，
此處詢問“是否曾經直接從河里喝水”。故選 C。
2．句意：然而，據我所知，你們大多數人現在只喝燒水壺里的水或從商店買的瓶裝水。
However 然而；Though 盡管；Since 自從；Because 因為。根據上文“Perhaps you have tried the water from a
well or from a tap.”及空后“most of you only drink water from a water boiler…the bottled water bought from a
shop nowadays”可知，前后句之間是轉折關系，且空后有逗號，此處應用 However。故選 A。
3．句意：然而，據我所知，你們大多數人現在只喝燒水壺里的水或從商店買的瓶裝水。
even 甚至；or 或者；but 但是；so 因此。根據空前“water from a water boiler”和空后“the bottled water bought
from a shop”可知，此處表示選擇關系。故選 B。
4．句意：但許多年前的情況大不相同。
same 相同的；easy 容易的；difficult 困難的；different 不同的。根據下文“At that time, all the small rivers around
us were very clear and the water was very clean.”可知，許多年前的情況大不相同。故選 D。
5．句意：如果你渴了，你可以用手從河里取些水直接喝。
thirsty 渴的；hungry 饑餓的；tired 疲憊的；sleepy 困倦的。根據“you could just take some water from the river
with your hands and drink directly”可知，此處表示喝水，應是口渴了。故選 A。
6．句意：在夏天，天氣熱的時候，你可以在河里游泳。
spring 春天；summer 夏天；autumn 秋天；winter 冬天。根據“when it was hot, you could swim in the rivers”
可知，夏天可以在河里洗澡。故選 B。
7．句意：這些年來，情況發生了很大變化。
turned 使轉動；got 得到；happened 發生；changed 變化。根據上文“But all that happened in the past.”并結合
選項可知，現在的情況發生了很大變化。故選 D。
8．句意：河里充滿了各種各樣的廢物。
either (兩者之中)任意一個；both 兩者都；all 所有，全部；same 相同的。all kinds of“各種各樣的”，是固定
詞組。故選 C。
9．句意：由于污染，大部分河水變得很臟。
because 因為，后接句子；because of 因為，后面可以接名詞、代詞或動詞-ing 形式；instead 代替，副詞；
instead of 代替，介詞短語。根據“Most of the river water has become very dirty…the pollution.”可知，此處表
示原因，空后的“pollution”為名詞，應用 because of。故選 B。
10．句意：多可惜啊！
matter 事情；fact 事實；luck 運氣；pity 遺憾。根據上文講述的河水受到污染可知，此處應是表示遺憾。故
選 D。
（23-24 八年級上·陜西西安·期中）閱讀下面短文，理解大意，從各小題的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案，
使短文連貫完整。
Turn on the tap (水龍頭) and the water comes out. Getting water is so 1 that you may think
water is endless. But it is not true. 70% of the earth is covered with water, but most of the water is salt water,
leaving only a small percent of 2 drinking water. Some 3 such as Italy, Spain and South
Africa even buy water from other countries.
Each person in the UK uses about 150 liters (升) of water a day. However, each person in some countries
4 uses 5-10 liters of water a day. We should help 5 water. Let’s have a look at what you can help:
Don’t leave the water running while brushing teeth. We brush our teeth twice a day and by turning the tap
off when we brush, we 6 save 5-10 liters of water.
Don’t use the toilet 7 a wastebasket. Every time you flush (沖) used paper, waste food or other
small bits of rubbish, 8 water is used.
Make use of 9 . Collect rainwater in buckets (桶) in your garden and use it to water your plants.
Reuse. Share bathwater with your family to reduce (減少) costs and water use. Why not try your best to
10 your shower time by 1 or 2 minutes
1．A．easy B．fun C．necessary D．important
2．A．cheap B．fresh C．rich D．main
3．A．towns B．cities C．villages D．countries
4．A．almost B．also C．only D．even
5．A．expect B．save C．lose D．appear
6．A．can B．need C．should D．must
7．A．for B．as C．of D．from
8．A．more B．less C．fewer D．worse
9．A．time B．talent C．role D．rain
10．A．cut off B．cut up C．cut down D．cut in
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．C
【導語】本文講述的是全世界的水資源是非常短缺的，很多國家每天每個人的用水量非常的少，還有的國
家需要從別的國家買水。因此我們需要節約用水，短文中給我們介紹了日常生活中節約用水的一些方法。
1．句意：取水是如此容易，以至于你可能認為水是無窮無盡的。
easy 容易的；fun 有趣的；necessary 必要的；important 重要的。根據“Turn on the tap (水龍頭) and the water
comes out.”可知，打開水龍頭，水就出來了，所以獲取水是很容易的。故選 A。
2．句意：地球的 70%被水覆蓋，但大部分的水是鹽水，只留下一小部分的淡水。
cheap 便宜的；fresh 淡水的；rich 富裕的；main 主要的。根據“But it is not true. 70% of the earth is covered
with water, but most of the water is salt water, leaving only a small percent of…drinking water.”可知，此處說的
是小部分的淡水。故選 B。
3．句意：一些國家如意大利、西班牙和南非甚至從其他國家購買水。
towns 鎮；cities 城市；villages 村莊；countries 國家。根據“Italy, Spain and South Africa”可知，這都是一些
國家。故選 D。
4．句意：然而，一些國家的每個人每天只使用 5—10 升水。
almost 幾乎；also 也；only 只有；even 甚至。根據“5-10 liters of water a day”可知，這里強調每個人每天的
用水量很少，應該用 only。故選 C。
5．句意：我們應該幫助節約用水。
expect 期待；save 節約；lose 失去；appear 出現。根據“We should help…water.”以及上文可知，此處說的是
應該節約用水。故選 B。
6．句意：我們每天刷牙兩次，刷牙時關掉水龍頭，我們可以節約 5—10 升水。
can 可以；need 需要；should 應該；must 必須。根據“We brush our teeth twice a day and by turning the tap off
when we brush, we…save 5-10 liters of water.”可知，此處說的是可以節約 5—10 升水。故選 A。
7．句意：不要把馬桶當成廢紙簍。
for 為了；as 作為；of……的；from 來自。use…as 意為“把……當作”，固定用法。故選 B。
8．句意：每次你沖廢紙、廢棄食物或其他小垃圾時，都會消耗更多的水。
more 更多；less 更少；fewer 較少的；worse 更糟糕的。根據“Every time you flush (沖) used paper, waste food
or other small bits of rubbish”可知，沖洗這些垃圾會用掉更多的水。故選 A。
9．句意：利用雨水。
time 時間；talent 天賦；role 角色；rain 雨水。根據“Collect rainwater in buckets (桶) in your garden and use it
to water your plants.”可知，這個建議是收集雨水。故選 D。
10．句意：為什么不盡力減少 1 到 2 分鐘的淋浴時間呢？
cut off 切斷；cut up 切碎；cut down 減少；cut in 插嘴。根據“Why not try your best to…your shower time by 1
or 2 minutes ”可知，文章主要講述了是節約用水，因此此處說的是減少淋浴時間。故選 C。
（22-23 八年級下·陜西西安·期末）Li Ming lives near the sea. He loves 1 to the beach to relax
when he is free.
It was a 2 day last Sunday. Li Ming decided to enjoy the sunshine and the sea, so he took his
things and went to the beach.
There were many 3 on the beach when he got there. Li Ming found a place and lay down. After
a while, Li Ming 4 something in the sand. He looked 5 and found it was a waste bottle.
Then, he saw a waste bag floating in the water. People threw away rubbish all over the beach!
Li Ming felt sad. He looked around and found there were only a few dustbins (垃圾箱) on the beach. Li
Ming decided to do something 6 . He began to collect the rubbish on the beach. Then he went home and
called some of his 7 . Li Ming and his friends made two big signs by 8 to ask people not to
throw away rubbish everywhere. Then they took the signs to the beach and 9 them up. That evening, Li
Ming wrote a letter to the local government and suggested putting more dustbins on the beach.
“Signs and dustbins are not the 10 important. The most important thing is that everyone should
take an action to protect the environment,” said Li Ming.
1．A．go B．goes C．going D．went
2．A．sun B．sunny C．rain D．rainy
3．A．people B．peoples C．child D．childs
4．A．see B．sees C．seeing D．saw
5．A．care B．careful C．carefully D．carelessly
6．A．help B．helps C．helpful D．helped
7．A．friend B．friends C．friendly D．unfriendly
8．A．they B．them C．their D．themselves
9．A．put B．puted C．putted D．putting
10．A．much B．many C．more D．most
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．D
【導語】本文講述了李明在海灘上發現大量垃圾，并決定采取行動保護環境，包括收集垃圾、制作標語牌
呼吁大家不亂扔垃圾，并建議政府增設更多垃圾箱。
1．句意：當他有空的時候，他喜歡去海灘放松。
go 去，動詞原形；goes 動詞第三人稱單數形式；going 動名詞；went 過去式。根據 enjoy doing sth.“喜歡做
某事”可知，此處應用動名詞 going。故選 C。
2．句意：上星期天是個晴天。
sun 太陽，名詞；sunny 晴朗的，形容詞；rain 雨，名詞；rainy 多雨的，形容詞。根據下文“enjoy the sunshine”
可知，上周天應是個晴天，應用形容詞 sunny 作定語，修飾名詞 day。故選 B。
3．句意：當他到達那里時，海灘上有很多人。
people 人，復數名詞；peoples 民族，復數名詞；child 孩子，單數名詞；childs 錯誤單詞。根據“There were
many...on the beach”可知，many 后接復數名詞，且此處指海灘上有很多人，人包括孩子和不同的民族。故
選 A。
4．句意：過了一會兒，李明看到沙子里有東西。
see 看見，動詞原形；sees 動詞第三人稱單數形式；seeing 動名詞；saw 過去式。本文主體時態為一般過去
時，講述過去發生的事情，謂語動詞應用過去式。故選 D。
5．句意：他仔細一看，發現那是一個廢瓶子。
care 關心，動詞/名詞；careful 仔細的，形容詞；carefully 仔細地，副詞；carelessly 粗心地，副詞。根據“He
looked...and found it was a waste bottle.”可知，此處指他仔細看后才發現那是個廢瓶子，應用副詞 carefully
修飾動詞 looked。故選 C。
6．句意：李明決定做一些有幫助的事情。
help 幫助，動詞；helps 動詞第三人稱單數形式；helpful 有幫助的，形容詞；helped 過去式。此處應用形容
詞 helpful 作后置定語，修飾不定代詞 something，意為“一些有用的事情”。故選 C。
7．句意：然后他回到家，打電話給他的一些朋友。
friend 朋友，單數名詞；friends 復數名詞；friendly 友好的，形容詞；unfriendly 不友好的，形容詞。some
of 后接復數名詞，意為“一些”。故選 B。
8．句意：李明和他的朋友們自己做了兩個大標牌，要求人們不要到處亂扔垃圾。
they 他們，人稱代詞；them 他們，人稱代詞；their 他們的，物主代詞；themselves 他們自己，反身代詞。
by oneself“獨自”，為固定搭配。故選 D。
9．句意：然后他們把標牌拿到海灘上掛了起來。
put 和 up 構成短語，意為“搭起”，put 為動詞原形/過去式；puted 錯誤單詞；putted 錯誤單詞；putting 動名
詞。根據“and”可知，此處應用過去式 put，與“took”并列。故選 A。
10．句意：標牌和垃圾箱不是最重要的。
much 許多；many 許多；more 更；most 最?？涨坝卸ü谠~ the，此處應是形容詞的最高級 most important“最
重要的”。故選 D。
（22-23 八年級下·江蘇蘇州·期末）Cars make our lives much easier. But they can also be a problem,
1 fossil fuel (化石燃料) cars. They have become a main 2 of air pollution.
To improve the environment, many countries are 3 electric vehicles (EVs, 電動車). Among
them is China. China has became the world’s largest EV market, according to the Wall Street Journal. In 2021
4 in China, more than twice as many as the number sold in the United States, Chinese drivers are already big
5 of EVs. Chinese auto companies, including BYD and BAIC, have been among the top in the world in EV
sales.
“Charging (充電) an electric car is 6 than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas,” said Wu Hao,
who bought an electric car from BAIC this year. 7 , there are still some problems. It can be hard to find
charging 8 . The cars can’t go far 9 needing to be charged again.
Some of these problems are being solved. Now China has the world’s largest EV charging network. There
are more than 2.6 million charging stations in total.
Developing EVs is one of the actions China has taken to protect the 10 . “As China goes, so Will
the world’s auto industry (產業),” the Wall Street Journal said.
1．A．especially B．exactly C．finally D．really
2．A．excuse B．cause C．matter D．event
3．A．designing B．describing C．developing D．depending
4．A．bought B．made C．produced D．sold
5．A．fans B．heroes C．members D．engineers
6．A．cheaper B．faster C．greater D．easier
7．A．Anyway B．Moreover C．Instead D．However
8．A．companies B．stations C．factories D．people
9．A．when B．till C．before D．as
10．A．wildlife B．nature C．humans D．environment
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．D
【導語】本文主要介紹了電動汽車在中國的發展。
1．句意：但是它們也是一個問題，尤其是化石燃料汽車。
especially 尤其，特別；exactly 精確地；finally 最后； really 真正地。根據“But they can also be a problem,…
fossil fuel (化石燃料) cars.”，結合語境和選項可知，此處應該填入 especially，副詞，修飾 fossil fuel (化石
燃料) cars，意為“尤其，特別”。故選 A。
2．句意：它們已經成為空氣污染的主要原因。
excuse 借口；cause 原因；matter 問題，事情；event 事件。根據“They have become a main…of air pollution.”，
結合語境和選項可知，此處應該指的是空氣污染的主要原因，cause“原因”，名詞。故選 B。
3．句意：為了改善環境，許多國家正在開發電動汽車(EVs，電動車)。
designing 設計；describing 描寫；developing 發展，開發；depending 依靠。根據“To improve the environment,
many countries are…electric vehicles (EVs, 電動車).”，結合語境和選項可知，此處應該表達為了改善環境，
許多國家正在開發電動汽車，develop“開發”，動詞。故選 C。
4．句意：2021 年在中國銷售的數量是美國的兩倍多，中國司機已經是電動汽車的忠實粉絲。
bought 買；made 制作；produced 生產；sold 出售。根據“more than twice as many as the number sold in the
United States”，結合選項可知，此處應該指的是銷量，sold“出售”。故選 D。
5．句意：2021 年在中國銷售的數量是美國的兩倍多，中國司機已經是電動汽車的忠實粉絲。
fans 粉絲；heroes 英雄；members 成員；engineers 工程師。根據后文“Chinese auto companies, including BYD
and BAIC, have been among the top in the world in EV sales.”，結合選項可知，此處應該表達中國司機已經是
電動汽車的忠實粉絲，fans“粉絲”，可數名詞復數。故選 A。
6．句意：今年從 BAIC 購買了一輛電動汽車的吳浩說：“給電動汽車充電比給化石燃料汽車加油便宜”。
cheaper 更便宜的；faster 更快的；greater 更好的；easier 更容易的。根據““Charging (充電) an electric car is…
than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas”，結合語境和選項可知，此處應該填入 cheaper“更便宜的”，形容詞
cheap 的比較級。故選 A。
7．句意：然而，仍然存在一些問題。
Anyway 無論如何；Moreover 此外；Instead 而不是；However 然而。根據“there are still some problems.”和
前文語境可知，此處表轉折關系，結合選項可知，此處填入 However，轉折連詞，意為“然而”符合語境。
故選 D。
8．句意：很難找到充電站。
companies 公司；stations 站；factories 工廠；people 人們。根據“It can be hard to find charging…”，結合選項
可知，此處應該指的是充電站，station“站”，名詞。故選 B。
9．句意：在需要再次充電之前，汽車走不了多遠。
when 當……時；till 直到……為止；before 在……之前；as 正如，當……時。根據“The cars can’t go far…needing
to be charged again.”，結合選項可知，此處應該表達在需要再次充電之前，汽車走不了多遠。故選 C。
10．句意：發展電動汽車是中國為保護環境采取的行動之一。
wildlife 野生生物；nature 自然，本性；humans 人類；environment 環境。根據前文“To improve the environment,
many countries are developing electric vehicles (EVs, 電動車).”，結合選項可知，此處應該表達發展電動汽車
是中國為保護環境采取的行動之一。故選 D。
（22-23 八年級下·江蘇南京·期末）Edgar McGregor is a 20-year-old climate activist. He spent 589 days
straight picking up litter 1 Eaton Canyon (峽谷). Eaton Canyon is a part of the Angeles National Forest
in southern California.
Edgar promised to pick up litter 2 by visitors while posting his progress on an online social
platform (平臺). He has more than 17,000 followers now!
Edgar started this journey when he learned that Los Angeles would attend the Olympic Games in 2028. He
thought the litter would be a “national embarrassment” for the United States. He decided to start with cleaning
Eaton Canyon 3 he lives closest to it. There are many trails (小徑) and waterfalls as well as homeless
encampments (營地).
Thanks to his work, Eaton Canyon is now free of 4 . Edgar said recently that there was no more
rubbish in the canyon. However, his work doesn’t end. He plans to go back to the canyon often to keep its clean
5 .
When asked about his 6 , Edgar said, “Whether it is hot or 7 , it doesn’t matter. I stayed
there for at least an hour every day, cleaning up the canyon.”
All of the recyclable things he picked up were sold and he gave away all the money. Edgar has donated the
money to organizations such as World Central Kitchen and some schools in Uganda.
He often 8 everyone to take action in cleaning up online. “If you think my work is inspiring, go
outside to clean up the planet and let me see it,” Edgar wrote on the online social platform. “It has nothing to do
with your abilities. It’s 9 something that everyone could do.”
10 don’t always wear capes (披風) like Superman. What can you do for the environment
1．A．from B．about C．with D．to
2．A．forgotten B．leaving C．left D．forgetting
3．A．since B．when C．so D．but
4．A．food B．waste C．water D．money
5．A．suggestion B．treatment C．condition D．achievement
6．A．interest B．life C．need D．experience
7．A．rainy B．late C．strange D．low
8．A．brings B．provides C．encourages D．refuses
9．A．ever B．still C．just D．even
10．A．Writers B．Thieves C．Fans D．Heroes
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．D
【導語】本文主要講 Edgar McGregor 是一名氣候活動家，他花了 589 天在伊頓峽谷撿垃圾，讓峽谷的環境
變得更美好。
1．句意：他花了 589 天從伊頓峽谷撿垃圾。
from 從；about 關于；with 和；to 朝，向。根據“picking up litter…Eaton Canyon”可知，是從伊頓峽谷撿垃
圾。故選 A。
2．句意：Edgar 承諾會撿起游客留下的垃圾，并在一個在線社交平臺上發布自己的進展。
forgotten 忘記；leaving 離開；left 遺留；forgetting 忘記。根據“Edgar promised to pick up litter…by visitors
while posting his progress on an online social platform”可知，指游客留下的垃圾，應用過去分詞作定語。故選
C。
3．句意：他決定從清理伊頓峽谷開始，因為他住得離那里最近。
since 因為；when 當……時候；so 所以；but 但是。根據“He decided to start with cleaning Eaton Canyon…he
lives closest to it”可知，此處表原因，應用 since 引導原因狀語從句。故選 A。
4．句意：多虧了他的工作，伊頓峽谷現在沒有了垃圾。
food 食物；waste 垃圾，廢棄物；water 水；money 金錢。根據“Edgar said recently that there was no more rubbish
in the canyon”可知，伊頓峽谷現在沒有垃圾了。故選 B。
5．句意：他計劃經常回到峽谷以保持它的清潔狀態。
suggestion 建議；treatment 治療；condition 狀態；achievement 成就。根據“He plans to go back to the canyon
often to keep its clean…”可知，他打算經常回這個峽谷，讓它保持干凈的狀態。故選 C。
6．句意：當被問及他的經歷時，埃德加說：“無論是炎熱還是下雨，都沒關系。我每天至少在那里待一個
小時，清理峽谷。”
interest 興趣；life 生活；need 需求；experience 經歷。根據“I stayed there for at least an hour every day, cleaning
up the canyon”可知，Edgar 談論的是他撿垃圾的經歷。故選 D。
7．句意：當被問及他的經歷時，埃德加說：“無論是炎熱還是下雨，都沒關系。我每天至少在那里待一個
小時，清理峽谷?！?br/>rainy 下雨的；late 遲的；strange 奇怪的；low 低的。根據“Whether it is hot or…”可知，無論天氣炎熱還是
下雨他都會去。故選 A。
8．句意：他經常鼓勵每個人在網上采取行動清理。
brings 帶來；provides 提供；encourages 鼓勵；refuses 拒絕。根據“It has nothing to do with your abilities. It’s…
something that everyone could do”可知，Edgar 在網上號召人們行動起來，清理垃圾。encourage sb. to do sth.
“鼓勵某人做某事”，固定短語。故選 C。
9．句意：“這與你的能力無關。這是每個人都可以做的事情?！?br/>ever 曾經；still 仍然；just 正好，只是；even 甚至。根據“It has nothing to do with your abilities”可知，此處
指這與能力無關，這只是每個人都能做的事情。故選 C。
10．句意：英雄并不總是像超人那樣披著斗篷。
Writers 作家；Thieves 賊；Fans 粉絲；Heroes 英雄。根據“wear capes (披風) like Superman”可知，超人屬于
英雄。故 Heroes 符合語境。故選 D。
重難語篇拔高練
（22-23 八年級下·江蘇揚州·階段練習）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的四個選項中選出一
個最佳答案。
It only takes one person to make huge changes in a community. Margie Richard is one of these people. She
is a great Black environmental activist（活躍分子）. She has worked for many years to 1 her
hometown. She has also helped other Black communities fight against 2 pollution.
Even today, Black people are more likely than white people to live in neighborhoods with 3
levels of air pollution. These neighborhoods are 4 near factories that pollute the air. This pollution
causes people in these communities to get 5 . Richards fights against big companies that 6
these factories. She wants people in these communities to be able to breathe clean air and live 7 lives.
First, Richard spoke to scientists and environmentalists. She had to prove（證明）that the 8 was
polluting the air. After more than 13 years of hard work, Richard and others put together a report. This report
proved that the factory 9 2 million pounds of harmful chemicals into the air each year. Richard spoke
to the media（媒體）about the 10 of this air pollution. She convinced（使信服）many people 11
the country. They helped spread her message.
Finally, the oil company agreed to help people in Old Diamond. The company paid people money to move
away from the factory. It also worked to 12 its factories to be less harmful to the environment.
Margie Richard believes there is still a long way to go, 13 she continues to help other
communities fight against pollution from big companies. She wants to get her 14 out to the world. She
reminds people that 15 can change their community. They just have to speak up and take action！
1．A．find B．control C．improve D．organize
2．A．air B．land C．water D．noise
3．A．low B．new C．old D．high
4．A．never B．seldom C．once D．often
5．A．bad B．sick C．strong D．happy
6．A．run B．buy C．stop D．hurt
7．A．fuller B．slower C．faster D．healthier
8．A．factories B．companies C．communities D．neighborhoods
9．A．put off B．took off C．gave off D．cut off
10．A．goals B．dangers C．chances D．meanings
11．A．at B．for C．with D．across
12．A．move B．wish C．avoid D．change
13．A．unless B．so C．that D．although
14．A．pollution B．factories C．company D．idea
15．A．someone B．something C．anyone D．anything
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．
D 13．B 14．D 15．C
【導語】本文介紹了理查德為抗擊工廠對空氣污染做出的斗爭，并呼吁任何人都要把污染問題說出來并采
取行動。
1．句意：她多年來一直在努力改善她的家鄉。
find 發現；control 控制；improve 改善；organize 組織。根據“It only takes one person to make huge changes in
a community. Margie Richard is one of these people.”可知，她多年來都在改善她的家鄉，故選 C。
2．句意：她還幫助其他黑人社區對抗空氣污染。
air 空氣；land 土地；water 水；noise 噪音。根據“near factories that pollute the air”可知，此處是說空氣污染，
故選 A。
3．句意：即使在今天，黑人比白人更有可能生活在空氣污染嚴重的社區。
low 低的；new 新的；old 老的；high 高的。根據“These neighborhoods are...near factories that pollute the air.”
可知，黑人住在空氣污染更高的地區，故選 D。
4．句意：這些社區通?？拷廴究諝獾墓S。
never 從不；seldom 很少；once 曾經；often 經常。根據“Black people are more likely than white people to live
in neighborhoods with...levels of air pollution.”可知，這里說的是這些社區通常靠近污染空氣的工廠，故選 D。
5．句意：這種污染導致這些社區的人們生病。
bad 壞的；sick 生病的；strong 強壯的；happy 開心的。結合常識可知，空氣污染嚴重會對人們的健康有害，
人們生活在那里會生病，故選 B。
6．句意：理查德反對經營這些工廠的大公司。
run 經營；buy 買；stop 停止；hurt 傷害。根據“big companies that...these factories”可知，此處指的是公司經
營工廠，故選 A。
7．句意：她希望這些社區的人們能夠呼吸到干凈的空氣，過上更健康的生活。
fuller 更滿的；slower 更慢的；faster 更快的；healthier 更健康的。根據“This pollution causes people in these
communities to get...”以及“She wants people in these communities to be able to breathe clean air”可知，這里是
說想讓社區的人們生活的更加健康，故選 D。
8．句意：她必須證明工廠污染了空氣。
factories 工廠；companies 公司；communities 社區；neighborhoods 街坊。根據“near factories that pollute the
air”可知，是工廠污染了空氣，故選 A。
9．句意：這份報告證明這家工廠每年向空氣中排放 200 萬磅有害化學物質。
put off 推遲；took off 脫下；gave off 排放；cut off 切斷。根據“2 million pounds of harmful chemicals into the
air”可知，此處指的是工廠排放有害氣體，故選 C。
10．句意：理查德對媒體談到了這種空氣污染的危害。
goals 目標；dangers 危險；chances 改變；meanings 意義。根據“Richard spoke to the media (媒體) about the...of
this air pollution.”可知，此處指的是向媒體說明了空氣污染的危害，故選 B。
11．句意：她說服了全國許多人。
at 在……點鐘；for 為了；with 和……一起；across 遍及。across the country“全國”，是固定短語，故選 D。
12．句意：它還努力改變其工廠，減少對環境的危害。
move 移動；wish 希望；avoid 避免；change 改變。根據“It also worked to...its factories to be less harmful to the
environment.”可知，此處指的是改變工廠對環境的污染，故選 D。
13．句意：瑪吉·理查德認為，還有很長的路要走，所以她繼續幫助其他社區對抗大公司造成的污染。
unless 除非；so 所以；that 那個；although 雖然。空格前后是因果關系，前因后果，用 so 連接，故選 B。
14．句意：她想把她的想法傳達給全世界。
pollution 污染；factories 工廠；company 公司；idea 想法。根據“She reminds people that...can change their
community. They just have to speak up and take action!”可知，此處指的是讓她的想法傳到世界各地，故選 D。
15．句意：她提醒人們，任何人都可以改變他們的社區。
someone 有人；something 一些事；anyone 任何人；anything 任何事。根據“It only takes one person to make
huge changes in a community.”可知，任何人都可以改變他們的社區，故選 C。
（21-22 八年級下·江蘇揚州·期末）Do you often use plastic straws (吸管) You probably use them to
1 lots of things, such as soybean milk (豆漿) , cola or milk tea. Plastic straws are small 2 they are
a big problem. They are made in 10 minutes, used in 20 3 and normally remain on the earth for over
100 years since they cannot be 4 easily.
But how do plastic straws get into the 5 Because of human mistakes, they are often thrown
away, left on beaches, or blown out of bins. The waste management (管 理 ) in some areas are so poor and
remember, all gutters (排水溝) lead to our ocean. 6 , plastic straws kill ocean life. Once a 7
was found bleeding because a 12-centimeter-long plastic straw was pushed into 8 nose. How terrible!
In fact, around 500 million plastic straws are used every day in the US alone. That is enough to circle
9 two-and-a-half times around our planet! If we don’t take action now, there will be 10 plastic in
the ocean than fish by 2050.
Luckily, more and more people around the world have realized this problem. They begin to think about
11 plastic straws are necessary or not when drinking drinks.
So what can we do right now to reduce plastic pollution The simplest way is to say “ 12 ” to
single-use plastic, like straws. For example, next time if you go to a restaurant, make sure you order your drink
without a straw. What if people need to use a straw There are reusable (可再用的) straws instead. These straws
can be used, 13 , and reused over and over again.
Coffee house chain Starbucks (星巴克) has started to 14 lids (蓋子) without straws and paper
straws instead of plastic straws in almost 1000 stores in Shanghai and Shenzhen. Starbucks is not alone.
McDonald’s has 15 taken action to reduce the use of plastic straws. It is hoped that more businesses
and customers will work together to protect our environment.
1．A．drink B．eat C．tie D．make
2．A．so B．and C．or D．but
3．A．seconds B．minutes C．hours D．days
4．A．cut down B．written down C．broken down D．put down
5．A．earth B．air C．water D．ocean
6．A．For example B．Such as C．Even worse D．For one thing
7．A．camel B．monkey C．turtle D．giraffe
8．A．their B．its C．her D．his
9．A．closely B．nearly C．specially D．particularly
10．A．more B．fewer C．less D．better
11．A．whether B．if C．why D．what
12．A．hello B．sorry C．yes D．no
13．A．repaired B．burned C．picked D．cleaned
14．A．offer B．afford C．affect D．instruct
15．A．still B．also C．ever D．just
【答案】
1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 11．A 12．
D 13．D 14．A 15．B
【導語】本文主要通過講述塑料吸管對環境的危害，并列舉了減少使用吸管的方法，呼吁人們共同努力，
保護環境。
1．句意：你可能用它們來喝很多東西，比如豆漿，可樂或奶茶。
drink 喝；eat 吃；tie 系；make 使。根據“soybean milk (豆漿) , cola or milk tea”可知，這些液體的東西是用
來喝的。故選 A。
2．句意：塑料吸管很小，但它們是一個大問題。
so 所以；and 和；or 或者；but 但是。根據“Plastic straws are small … they are a big problem.”可知，“小吸管”
和“大問題”之間構成轉折。故選 D。
3．句意：它們在 10 分鐘內制成，在 20 分鐘內使用，由于不易分解，通常在地球上保留 100 多年。
seconds 秒；minutes 分鐘；hours 小時；days 天。根據常識和“They are made in 10 minute”可知，應該表示
20 分鐘之內可以使用。故選 B。
4．句意：它們在 10 分鐘內制成，在 20 分鐘內使用，由于不易分解，通常在地球上保留 100 多年。
cut down 切斷；written down 寫下；broken down 分解；put down 放下。根據“normally remain on the earth for
over 100 years”可知，吸管不容易分解。故選 C。
5．句意：但是塑料吸管是如何進入海洋的呢？
earth 地球；air 空氣；water 水；ocean 海洋。根據下文“The waste management (管理) in some areas are so poor
and remember, all gutters (排水溝) lead to our ocean.”可知，應該使用“海洋”。故選 D。
6．句意：更糟糕的是，塑料吸管殺死了海洋生物。
For example 舉例子；Such as 例如；Even worse 更糟糕的是；For one thing 一方面。根據上文和“plastic straws
kill ocean life.”可知，表示遞進關系。故選 C。
7．句意：有一次，一只海龜被發現在流血，因為一根 12 厘米長的塑料吸管被塞進了它的鼻子。
camel 駱駝；monkey 猴子；turtle 烏龜；giraffe 長頸鹿。根據上文“lead to our ocean”可知，此處描寫海洋中
的動物。故選 C。
8．句意：有一次，一只海龜被發現在流血，因為一根 12 厘米長的塑料吸管被塞進了它的鼻子。
their 他們的；its 它的；her 她的；his 他的。根據主語是動物，為第三人稱單數。故選 B。
9．句意：這足以繞著我們的星球旋轉近兩周半！
closely密切地；nearly幾乎；specially特地；particularly特殊地。根據上文中的“around 500 million plastic straws”
可知，這么多的吸管可以繞地球近兩圈半。故選 B。
10．句意：如果我們現在不采取行動，到 2050 年，海洋中的塑料將超過魚類。
more 更多；fewer 更少；less 更少；better 更好。根據情境和“more than”意為“超過”可知，到 2050 年，海
洋中的塑料將超過魚類。故選 A。
11．句意：他們開始思考飲用飲料時是否需要塑料吸管。
whether 是否；if 是否；why 為什么；what 什么。故選 A。
12．句意：最簡單的方法是對一次性使用的塑料（如吸管）說“不”。
hello 喂；sorry 對不起；yes 是；no 不。根據“or not”可知，應該使用“whether”。故選 D。
13．句意：這些吸管可以反復使用、清潔和重復使用。
repaired 修理；burned 燃燒；picked 挑選；cleaned 清理。根據“These straws can be used… and reused over and
over again.”可知，吸管反復使用、重復使用，應該清洗。故選 D。
14．句意：咖啡連鎖店星巴克已開始在上海和深圳近 1000 家門店提供不帶吸管的蓋子和紙吸管，而不是
塑料吸管。
offer 提供；afford 負擔得起；affect 影響；instruct 指導。根據“instead of plastic straws”可知，星巴克已開始
提供不帶吸管的蓋子和紙吸管，而不是塑料吸管。故選 A。
15．句意：麥當勞還采取行動減少塑料吸管的使用。
still 仍然；also 也；ever 曾經；just 剛剛。此處承接星巴克的行為，應該使用“也”。故選 B。

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