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【暑假闖關(guān)集訓(xùn)】復(fù)習(xí)Unit5
一、單項(xiàng)選擇
1．The teacher asked us ________ more about water conservation.
A．learn B．learning C．to learn D．learned
2．There________ too________ water in the cloud and it began to rain soon.
A．is; much B．was; many C．was; much D．is; many
3．—Shall we leave now
—Don’t hurry. We still have ________ time left.
A．little B．a(chǎn) little C．few D．a(chǎn) few
4．—________ is your telephone number
—It’s 0532-86982896.
A．How many B．How much C．Where D．What
5．— ________ will the meeting begin
— In ten minutes.
A．How long B．How often C．How soon D．How much
6．My sister saves more water ________ me.
A．than B．a(chǎn)s C．like D．to
7．We should stop ________ water.
A．waste B．wasting C．to waste D．wastes
8．We should pay attention to ________ water resources.
A．protect B．protecting C．protects D．protected
9．The engine of the ship is too old to ______ it forward.
A．power B．push C．pull D．lead
10．The teacher asked the students to raise their ________ if they had any questions during the lecture.
A．voice B．voices C．noise D．sounds
二、完成句子
11．我們能用多少水作為飲用水.
water can we use
12．對于一個成年男性來說，水約占體重的60%
For an adult man, water about 60% of the body weight.
13．人們沒有水僅能生活幾天。
People can live only for days water.
14．她今天早上錯過了公交車。結(jié)果，她上學(xué)遲到了。
She missed the bus this morning. , she was late for school.
15．當(dāng)老師提出問題時，湯姆立刻舉起了手。
When the teacher asked the question, Tom raised his hand ．
16．在電影結(jié)束時，每個人都感動得落淚了。
the movie, everyone was moved to tears.
17．你浪費(fèi)了太多時間。
You wasted .
18．記得下次上課別再遲到了。
late for class again next time.
19．我們必須及時把書還給圖書館。
We must the books the library in time.
20．何不到處看看，欣賞美景呢
Why not and enjoy the beautiful view
三、語法選擇
Water covers about 70% of the Earth’s surface (表面). 21 why do we still say we are short of water Because about 97% of water on the Earth 22 sea water which we can’t drink or use for watering plants. We can only drink and use the 3% fresh water 23 rivers and lakes.
The fresh water on the Earth 24 less and less. It’s time for us to do 25 . We should learn to save water in 26 daily lives.
27 water, we can:
Use less time to take showers. Take 28 clock into the bathroom with you. It can stop you from taking a shower for a long time.
Turn the tap off when you are brushing your 29 .
Protect the pipes in cold weather. 30 pipes could waste as 31 as 90 litres of water a week.
Keep a container of water in the fridge. 32 you don’t have to cool the hot water under the tap.
Use a bowl for 33 vegetables instead of washing 34 under the tap.
Water your plants in the evening. This will be good 35 them and you will use less water.
21．A．As B．Or C．However D．But
22．A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．was D．were
23．A．with B．by C．from D．into
24．A．to become B．became C．becoming D．is becoming
25．A．a(chǎn)nything B．something C．everything D．nothing
26．A．we B．us C．our D．ours
27．A．Saves B．To save C．Save D．Saved
28．A．/ B．the C．a(chǎn)n D．a(chǎn)
29．A．tooth B．tooths C．teeth D．toothes
30．A．Break B．Broke C．Broken D．Breaking
31．A．many B．much C．less D．the most
32．A．So B．Because C．As D．But
33．A．wash B．washing C．washes D．washed
34．A．it B．its C．they D．them
35．A．for B．to C．on D．a(chǎn)t
四、完形填空
Water is very important to living things. Without water there can be no 36 on Earth. All animals and plants need water. 37 also needs water. We need water to drink. to cook our food and to clean ourselves. Water is needed in offices, factories and schools.
Water is needed everywhere. There is water in seas, rivers and 38 . Water is found almost everywhere. Even in the 39 part of the world, there is some water in the air. You cannot see or feel it when it is a part of the 40 . The water in the seas, rivers and lakes is a liquid (液體). The water in the air is a 41 , and we call it water vapor.
Clouds are made of water. They may be made of very small drops of water. They may also be made of snow crystals (結(jié)晶體). Snow crystals are very, very small crystals of ice. Ice is frozen water. It is a solid. There can be 42 and ice everywhere in winter. Some people think there’s 43 water on Earth. In fact, there is only enough water for us to use now. If we don’t 44 it, it will surely be used out some day.
To protect water is to protect 45 . Do you think so
36．A．birds B．trees C．fish D．life
37．A．Animals B．Plants C．People D．Food
38．A．a(chǎn)ir B．lakes C．pools D．bathrooms
39．A．highest B．hottest C．coldest D．driest
40．A．a(chǎn)ir B．sea C．river D．ice
41．A．light B．gas C．sound D．color
42．A．rain B．storm C．snow D．sunlight
43．A．little B．no C．not much D．much
44．A．drink B．save C．use D．pollute
45．A．friends B．parents C．ourselves D．teachers
五、閱讀理解
A
We are always told that each of us should drink at least eight glasses of water every day. But most people drink less than six glasses. Even some drink one glass in the morning and one glass in the afternoon. If you do sports, you will need to drink more because you lose a lot of water.
A new Australian study shows that older people do not realize they do not drink enough water. Researchers studied 22 men. 10 of them were 23.7 years old on average (平均). 12 of them were 68.1 years old on average. The results showed that the older men drank much less water to stop them feeling thirsty.
What causes the problem The answer is still not known. Some scientists think that older people do not want to drink more because they do not want to wake up in the middle of the night to go to the bathroom.
However, water is not just for thirst, but also for health. We all need to remember that.
46．How much water should we drink every day according to the passage
A．Four glasses. B．Two glasses. C．Six glasses. D．At least eight glasses.
47．Why do we need to drink water
A．For thirst. B．For health. C．For fun. D．Both A and B．
48．Why do the old drink less water than the young
A．Because they don’t exercise. B．Because they don’t like drinking.
C．Because they don’t feel thirsty. D．We still don’t know the answer.
B
Hi, young scientists! Are you ready for some fun with science Doing science experiments is so interesting and it helps us question what we learn, think deeply, and create new ideas. Here is an easy and fun experiment about air pressure (壓力) that you can do at home or school. Let’s have a try!
What do we need
①a glass
②a piece of cardboard (硬紙板)
③some clean water
How can we do it
Step One: Fill a glass with water.
Step Two: Put a piece of cardboard over the glass.
Step Three: Turn the glass over as quickly as possible.
Step Four: Hold the cardboard for a few seconds.
Step Five: Remove (移走) your hand from the underneath of the glass.
What will happen
The glass of water is upside down, but the water stays in the glass.
Why does this happen
This is because air pressure pushes the cardboard onto the glass. There is more air outside the glass than inside, so there is more air pressure outside than inside.
49．How many kinds of things do you need to do this experiment
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
50．What is the second step of the experiment
A．Putting a piece of cardboard over the glass.
B．Turning the glass over as quickly as possible.
C．Holding the cardboard for a while.
D．Removing your hand from the underneath of the glass.
51．What makes the piece of cardboard onto the glass
A．The hand. B．Air pressure. C．Clear water. D．The glass.
52．What is the purpose of the text
A．To help students develop interest in science.
B．To let students know more about water facts.
C．To talk about the importance of saving water.
D．To call on people to take action to protect water.
C
For most visitors, no other tourist city is quite like Venice. They love its art museums, beautiful traditional buildings and squares. They also enjoy sitting in cafés and talking, or going to restaurants and tasting the delicious Italian food in the city. 53
Venice is a city on the water. 54 Canals (運(yùn)河) run through the city like streets, so people usually travel around it by boat every day. For most visitors, their trips won’t be complete without a boat trip through the canals.
55 These years, it’s slowly going down into the water. When high tides (潮汐) come, the water from the ocean comes into the city. It happens more often, so Venice is lower than it was in the past. 56
Luckily, engineers are working on a project to save Venice. 57 It is difficult and expensive to do that. But if it works, Venice’s beautiful buildings will be safe, and the city will still be there for people to visit long into the future.
A．This is also destroying the old buildings in the city.
B．They’re putting 78 big gates to stop the water from coming in.
C．You can find over 117 islands and more than 400 bridges in it.
D．But what makes Venice a really special place is the water.
E．However, Venice is in danger because of its water.
F．Venice is famous throughout the world, and people also call it the “Floating City”.
六、短文填空
Water has many amazing properties. It can dissolve many s 58 . That’s why sea water tastes salty. Water can also change its s 59 easily. It can be a liquid, a solid, or a gas.
Water is always m 60 . It travels through the water cycle. It evaporates from the surface of the Earth, forms clouds, and then falls back to the ground as rain or snow.
We should learn more about water and p 61 it. It is really important to our life.
七、書面表達(dá)
62．以 “Water and I” 為題，寫一篇短文，描述你對水的了解，以及你為保護(hù)水做過的事情或打算做的事情。詞數(shù) 60 詞左右。
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/ 讓學(xué)習(xí)更有效 暑假打卡計(jì)劃 | 英語學(xué)科
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參考答案
1．C
【詳解】句意：老師要求我們多學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)于水資源保護(hù)的知識。
考查非謂語動詞用法。learn是動詞原形；learning是現(xiàn)在分詞；to learn是不定式；learned是過去分詞。根據(jù)“asked us...more about water conservation”可知，此處考查ask sb. to do sth.（要求某人做某事）的固定搭配，因此應(yīng)選不定式形式，故選C。
2．C
【詳解】句意：云中的水太多了，很快就開始下雨了。
考查一般過去時和不可數(shù)名詞。many許多，修飾可數(shù)名詞；much許多，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)“began”可知，此句是一般過去時，water是不可數(shù)名詞。故選C。
3．B
【詳解】句意：——我們現(xiàn)在離開嗎？——別著急，我們還有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)時間。
考查不定代詞。little幾乎沒有，表否定意義，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；a little一點(diǎn)，表肯定意義，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；few幾乎沒有，表否定意義，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；a few一點(diǎn)，表肯定意義，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)“Don’t hurry.”可知，此處表示還有一點(diǎn)時間，表示肯定意義，且修飾不可數(shù)名詞time，用a little。故選B。
4．D
【詳解】句意：—— 你的電話號碼是多少？—— 是0532-86982896。
考查特殊疑問句。How many多少（用于可數(shù)名詞）；How much多少（用于不可數(shù)名詞）；Where哪里；What什么。根據(jù)答句“It’s 0532-86982896”可知，問句詢問的是電話號碼是什么。故選D。
5．C
【詳解】句意：——這個會議多久將會開始？——十分鐘之后。
考查特殊疑問句。How long多長時間；How often多長時間一次；How soon多久以后；How much多少錢。根據(jù)答語“In ten minutes.”可知，這里提問的是會議多久以后開始。故選C。
6．A
【詳解】句意：我的妹妹比我節(jié)約了更多的水。
考查比較級和介詞辨析。than比；as作為；like像；to向，朝著。根據(jù)“more water”可知，此處是比較級。故選A。
7．B
【詳解】句意：我們應(yīng)該停止浪費(fèi)水。
考查非謂語動詞。stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，動詞短語，因此空處應(yīng)用動名詞作賓語。故選B。
8．B
【詳解】句意：我們應(yīng)該注意保護(hù)水資源。
考查非謂語動詞。pay attention to“注意”，動詞短語，to為介詞，因此空處應(yīng)用動名詞形式作賓語。故選B。
9．A
【詳解】句意：這艘船的發(fā)動機(jī)太舊了，無法為它提供動力使其前進(jìn)。
考查動詞詞義辨析。power給……提供動力；push推；pull拉；lead帶領(lǐng)，引導(dǎo)。后三個選項(xiàng)從動作方式上與 “驅(qū)動發(fā)動機(jī)使船前行” 不同，power作動詞時符合該語境。故選A。
10．B
【詳解】句意：老師讓學(xué)生們在講座期間如果有問題就大聲說。
考查名詞辨析。voice（人的）聲音，單數(shù)；voices（人的）聲音，復(fù)數(shù)；noise噪音；sounds（自然界的）聲音。根據(jù)“asked the students to raise their...”可知，此處表示提高學(xué)生們的聲音，故排除C和D；此處不止一名學(xué)生，故需要用復(fù)數(shù)形式voices。故選B。
11． How much drinking water
【詳解】根據(jù)中英文對照可知，句中缺少“多少”和“飲用水”的英文內(nèi)容。“water”是不可數(shù)名詞，對“water”的數(shù)量進(jìn)行提問使用“how much”位于句首，首字母大寫；“飲用水”英文表達(dá)為“drinking water”，“drinking”是動名詞作定語，修飾“water”，表示用途。故填How；much；drinking；water。
12． makes up
【詳解】對照中英文可知，缺少“占”，用make up“構(gòu)成，組成”，動詞短語。描述事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為不可數(shù)名詞water，空處動詞用三單形式。make的三單形式為makes。故填makes；up。
13． a few without
【詳解】a few“幾個”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)days；without“沒有”，介詞。故填a；few；without。
14．As a result
【詳解】根據(jù)中英文對照可知，空處缺少“結(jié)果”，結(jié)果：as a result，副詞短語，修飾整個句子，位于句首需大寫，故填A(yù)s a result。
15．a(chǎn)t once
【詳解】根據(jù)漢語提示可知，at once表示“立刻”。故填at once。
16． At the end of
【詳解】at the end of表示“在……結(jié)束時”，故填A(yù)t；the；end；of。
17． too much time
【詳解】中英對照可知，空處意為“太多時間”，too much“太多”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；time“時間”，不可數(shù)名詞。故填too；much；time。
18． Remember not to be
【詳解】根據(jù)所給漢語意思可知，空缺處應(yīng)該填的是“記住”和“不要”，句子是祈使句，動詞原形放在句首，remember to do sth“記得要做某事”，不定式的否定形式是not to do，be late“遲到”，首字母大寫，故填Remember；not；to；be。
19． return/give to/back to
【詳解】根據(jù)中英文對照可知，空處表示“把……還給……”，用短語return sth to.../give sth back to...。情態(tài)動詞must后跟動詞原形。故填return/give；to/back to。
20． look around
【詳解】根據(jù)中英文對照可知，缺少“到處看看”，其英文表達(dá)為“l(fā)ook around”，“Why not + 動詞原形”是一個常用的提建議的句型，意為“為什么不……呢”，其后需接動詞原形，故填look；around。
21．D 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．B 26．C 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．C 31．B 32．A 33．B 34．D 35．A
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了地球上水資源的分布情況以及節(jié)約用水的重要性，并提供了一些日常生活中節(jié)約用水的具體方法。
21．句意：但是為什么我們?nèi)匀徽f我們?nèi)彼?br/>As 由于；Or 或者；However 然而；But 但是。根據(jù)“Water covers about 70% of the Earth’s surface”和“why do we still say we are short of water ”可知，前后句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空后無逗號，所以用but連接。故選D。
22．句意：因?yàn)榈厍蛏洗蠹s97%的水是海水，我們不能喝也不能用來澆灌植物。
is 是（單數(shù)）；are 是（復(fù)數(shù)）；was 是（過去式，單數(shù)）；were 是（過去式，復(fù)數(shù)）。根據(jù)“about 97% of water on the Earth”可知，主語是不可數(shù)名詞，且為一般現(xiàn)在時，所以用is。故選A。
23．句意：我們只能飲用和使用來自河流和湖泊的3%的淡水。
with 用；by 通過；from 來自；into 進(jìn)入。根據(jù)“the 3% fresh water”和“rivers and lakes”可知，是來自河流和湖泊的淡水。故選C。
24．句意：地球上的淡水越來越少。
to become 成為（不定式）；became 成為（過去式）；becoming 成為（現(xiàn)在分詞）；is becoming 正在成為（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時）。根據(jù)“....less and less”可知，這是一個持續(xù)變化的過程，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。故選D。
25．句意：是時候讓我們做點(diǎn)什么了。
anything 任何事情；something 某事；everything 一切；nothing 沒有事情。根據(jù)“It’s time for us to do...”和“ We should learn to save water”可知，是時候要做點(diǎn)事情了，用“something”更合適。故選B。
26．句意：我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會在日常生活中節(jié)約用水。
we 我們（主格）；us 我們（賓格）；our 我們的（形容詞性物主代詞）；ours 我們的（名詞性物主代詞）。根據(jù)“daily lives”可知，此處需要形容詞性物主代詞作定語修飾名詞短語。故選C。
27．句意：為了節(jié)約用水，我們可以：……
Saves 節(jié)約（三單形式）；To save 節(jié)約（不定式）；Save 節(jié)約（原形）；Saved 節(jié)約（過去式）。根據(jù)“... water, we can....”可知，此處需要不定式表示目的。故選B。
28．句意：帶一個鬧鐘進(jìn)浴室。
/ 不填；the 定冠詞；an 不定冠詞（用于元音前）；a 不定冠詞（用于輔音前）。根據(jù)“clock”可知，此處需要一個不定冠詞，且“clock”以輔音音素開頭。故選D。
29．句意：當(dāng)你刷牙時關(guān)掉水龍頭。
tooth 牙齒（單數(shù)）；tooths 錯誤形式；teeth 牙齒（復(fù)數(shù)）；toothes 錯誤形式。根據(jù)“brushing your”可知，刷牙是所有牙齒都刷，此處需要復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選C。
30．句意：破損的管道可能會浪費(fèi)多達(dá)90升的水。
Break 打破（原形）；Broke 打破（過去式）；Broken 破損的（過去分詞/形容詞）；Breaking 打破（現(xiàn)在分詞）。根據(jù)“pipes”可知，空處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語。故選C。
31．句意：破損的管道可能會浪費(fèi)多達(dá)90升的水。
many 許多（修飾可數(shù)名詞）；much 許多（修飾不可數(shù)名詞）；less 更少；the most 最多。根據(jù)“90 litres of water”可知，此處修飾不可數(shù)名詞，as...as中間用原形。故選B。
32．句意：所以你不需要在水龍頭下冷卻熱水。
So 所以；Because 因?yàn)?；As 由于；But 但是。根據(jù)“Keep a container of water in the fridge”和“you don’t have to cool the hot water under the tap”可知，前后是因果關(guān)系，空后表結(jié)果，所以用so連接。故選A。
33．句意：用碗洗蔬菜而不是在水龍頭下沖洗。
wash 洗（原形）；washing 洗（現(xiàn)在分詞/動名詞）；washes 洗（三單形式）；washed 洗（過去式）。介詞for后應(yīng)跟動名詞作賓語。故選B。
34．句意：用碗洗蔬菜而不是在水龍頭下沖洗它們。
it 它（單數(shù)）；its 它的；they 它們（主格）；them 它們（賓格）。根據(jù)“vegetables”可知，此處需要復(fù)數(shù)賓格代詞來指代。故選D。
35．句意：這對它們有好處，而且你會用更少的水。
for 對；to 向；on 在……上；at 在。根據(jù)“be good... them”可知，此處是固定搭配“be good for”表示“有利于”，指對植物有好處。故選A。
36．D 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．A 41．B 42．C 43．D 44．B 45．C
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了水對生物的重要性以及水在自然界中的存在形式。
36．句意：沒有水，地球上就沒有生命。
birds鳥；trees樹；fish魚；life生命。根據(jù)上文“Water is very important to living things.”可知，水對生物非常重要，沒有水就沒有“生命”。此處使用“l(fā)ife”意為“生命”符合語境。故選D。
37．句意：人們也需要水。
Animals動物；Plants植物；People人們；Food食物。根據(jù)下文“We need water to drink, to cook our food and to clean ourselves.”可知，此處指“人們”在生活中需要水。此處使用“People”意為“人們”符合語境。故選C。
38．句意：在海洋、河流和湖泊中有水。
air空氣；lakes湖泊；pools水池；bathrooms浴室。根據(jù)“There is water in seas, rivers and...Water is found almost everywhere.”可知，水存在于海洋、河流和“湖泊”中，到處都能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)水。此處使用“l(fā)akes”意為“湖泊”符合語境。故選B。
39．句意：即使在世界上最干燥的地方，空氣中也有一些水。
highest最高的；hottest最熱的；coldest最冷的；driest最干燥的。根據(jù)“Water is found almost everywhere. Even in the...part of the world, there is some water in the air.”可知，到處都能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)水，即使在“最干燥”的地方，空氣中也有水。使用“driest”意為“最干燥的”符合語境。故選D。
40．句意：當(dāng)它是空氣的一部分時，你看不到或感覺不到它。
air空氣；sea海洋；river河流；ice冰。根據(jù)“there is some water in the air. You cannot see or feel it when it is a part of the...”可知，水是“空氣”的一部分時，看不見也摸不著。此處使用“air”意為“空氣”符合語境。故選A。
41．句意：空氣中的水是一種氣體，我們稱之為水蒸氣。
light光；gas氣體；sound聲音；color顏色。根據(jù)“The water in the air is a...and we call it water vapor.”可知，空氣中的水是“氣體”，被稱為水蒸氣。此處使用“gas”意為“氣體”符合語境。故選B。
42．句意：冬天到處都會有雪和冰。
rain雨；storm風(fēng)暴；snow雪；sunlight陽光。根據(jù)“Ice is frozen water. It is a solid. There can be...and ice everywhere in winter.”可知，在冬天到處都有“雪”和冰，這是常識。此處使用“snow”意為“雪”與“ice”對應(yīng)，符合冬季寒冷的語境。故選C。
43．句意：有些人認(rèn)為地球上有大量的水。
little很少；no沒有；not much不多；much很多。根據(jù)“In fact, there is only enough water for us to use now.”可知，有些人認(rèn)為地球上有“大量、很多”的水。此處使用“much”意為“大量、很多”符合語境。故選D。
44．句意：如果我們不節(jié)約用水，總有一天它肯定會被用完。
drink喝；save節(jié)約；use使用；pollute污染。根據(jù)“it will surely be used out some day”可知，如果不“節(jié)約”用水，水總有一天會被用完。此處使用“save”意為“節(jié)約”符合語境。故選B。
45．句意：保護(hù)水就是保護(hù)我們自己。
friends朋友；parents父母；ourselves我們自己；teachers老師。根據(jù)“To protect water is to protect...”可知，句中表述保護(hù)水就是保護(hù)“我們自己”。此處使用反身代詞“ourselves”意為“我們自己”符合語境。故選C。
46．D 47．D 48．D
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述人們?nèi)粘?yīng)至少喝八杯水，但多數(shù)人飲水量不足，新研究表明老人尤其飲水不足，雖有關(guān)于原因的推測但尚不明確，強(qiáng)調(diào)水不僅解渴還關(guān)乎健康 。
46．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“We are always told that each of us should drink at least eight glasses of water every day.”可知，我們每天應(yīng)該至少喝八杯水，故選D。
47．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“However, water is not just for thirst, but also for health.”可知，喝水不僅是為了解渴，也是為了健康，故選D。
48．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“What causes the problem The answer is still not known. Some scientists think that older people do not want to drink more because they do not want to wake up in the middle of the night to go to the bathroom.”可知，雖然有科學(xué)家提出一種可能原因，但對于老人比年輕人喝水少的原因，目前仍然未知， 故選D。
49．B 50．A 51．B 52．A
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一個有趣的實(shí)驗(yàn)，目的是為了培養(yǎng)學(xué)生們的科學(xué)興趣。
49．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“What do we need ”下面的“①a glass ②a piece of cardboard③some clean water”可知，一共需要三種材料。故選B。
50．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“How can we do it ”下面的“Step Two: Put a piece of cardboard over the glass.”可知，第二步是在玻璃杯上蓋一塊硬紙板。故選A。
51．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“This is because air pressure pushes the cardboard onto the glass.”可知，大氣壓將硬紙板推到玻璃杯上。故選B。
52．推理判斷題。文章介紹了一個有趣的實(shí)驗(yàn)，目的是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生們對科學(xué)的興趣。故選A。
53．D 54．C 55．E 56．A 57．B
【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹威尼斯這個地方，及它面臨的危險。
53．根據(jù)下文“Venice is a city on the water.”可知，此處引出下文，選項(xiàng)D“但使威尼斯變成一個很特別的地方的是水。”符合語境。故選D。
54．根據(jù)“Venice is a city on the water.”可知，威尼斯是一座水上城市，橫線上應(yīng)是關(guān)于它是水上城市的介紹，選項(xiàng)C“你可以在這里找到117多個島嶼和 400多座橋梁?！狈险Z境。故選C。
55．根據(jù)“These years, it’s slowly going down into the water.”可知，這些年來，它慢慢沉入水中，講述的是水帶來的危險，選項(xiàng)E“然而，威尼斯卻因水問題而陷入危險?！狈险Z境。故選E。
56．根據(jù)“These years, it’s slowly going down into the water. When high tides (潮汐) come, the water from the ocean comes into the city. It happens more often, so Venice is lower than it was in the past”可知，這些年來，威尼斯的水位正在慢慢下降。當(dāng)潮汐來臨時，海水就會涌入城市。這種情況發(fā)生得更頻繁，所以威尼斯的水位比過去低了，此處具體介紹水帶來的危險，選項(xiàng)A“這也正在摧毀城市里的古老建筑?！狈险Z境。故選A。
57．根據(jù)“Luckily, engineers are working on a project to save Venice.”可知，幸運(yùn)的是，工程師們正在開展一項(xiàng)拯救威尼斯的項(xiàng)目，橫線上應(yīng)是介紹措施，選項(xiàng)B“他們安裝了 87 個大門來阻止水流入?！狈险Z境。故選B。
58．(s)ubstances 59．(s)tate 60．(m)oving 61．(p)rotect
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了水的溶解性、三種狀態(tài)的變化、循環(huán)運(yùn)動等特性，強(qiáng)調(diào)水資源對人類的重要性，呼吁人們保護(hù)水資源。
58．句意：它能溶解許多物質(zhì)。根據(jù)“It can dissolve many…”及首字母提示可知，此處表達(dá)可以溶解物質(zhì)，substance“物質(zhì)”，可數(shù)名詞，many后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填(s)ubstances。
59．句意：水也很容易改變它的狀態(tài)。根據(jù)“Water can also change its…easily. It can be a liquid, a solid, or a gas.”及首字母提示可知，此處表達(dá)水很容易改變狀態(tài)，空處應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式作賓語；state“狀態(tài)”，可數(shù)名詞。故填(s)tate。
60．句意：水總是在流動。根據(jù)“Water is always…It travels through the water cycle.”及首字母提示可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表達(dá)水總是在流動，move“移動，流動”，動詞，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時結(jié)構(gòu)為“be doing”。故填(m)oving。
61．句意：我們應(yīng)該更多地了解水并保護(hù)它。根據(jù)“We should learn more about water and…it. It is really important to our life.”及首字母提示可知，此處應(yīng)表達(dá)保護(hù)水，protect“保護(hù)”，動詞；并且情態(tài)動詞should后應(yīng)接動詞原形。故填(p)rotect。
62．例文
Water and I
I know water is of great importance. We use it everywhere. I have done something to protect water. I always turn off the tap while brushing teeth. In the future, I plan to tell my friends to save water and encourage them to recycle water. I believe we can make a difference.
【詳解】[總體分析]
① 題材：本文是一篇話題作文；
② 時態(tài)：時態(tài)為“一般現(xiàn)在時”；
③ 提示：寫作要點(diǎn)已給出，可適當(dāng)添加細(xì)節(jié)，并突出寫作重點(diǎn)。
[寫作步驟]
第一步，描述你對水的了解；
第二步，介紹你為保護(hù)水做過的事情或打算做的事情。
[亮點(diǎn)詞匯]
①turn off the tap關(guān)閉水龍頭
②make a difference有所作為
[高分句型]
①I believe we can make a difference.(省略that的賓語從句)
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