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課時(shí)作業(yè)(十)　Unit 4　Section A Welcome to the unit & Reading　(分值：45分)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共12小題；每小題2.5分，滿分30分)
A
Long ago, poems were recited out loud instead of being written down. Back when the Greeks first started the Olympics, they held poetry contests as well as athletic competitions.
Now, poetry competitions have been revived. This year 120，000 high school students competed in the first Poetry Out Loud national recitation contest, performing poems from memory for $100，000 in prizes.
The first competitions were held in classrooms. The winners went on to schoolwide contests, and then they competed in city and state competitions, and then the 50 state champions, along with the District of Columbia champion came to Washington, D. C．， last week for the last showdown (對(duì)決). After the 51 champions competed against one another, 12 went on to the finals. Then the field was narrowed to five. The final five had one last chance to “perform” a poem. The overall champ, Jackson Hille, a high school senior from Ohio, won a $ 20，000 scholarship.
The National Endowment for the Arts and the Poetry Foundation started Poetry Out Loud because they realized that hearing a poem performed is a different experience from reading it on the page.
It's not just a matter of saying the words in the right order. It's the tone of voice, the pauses, the gestures, and the attitude of the person performing that bring the words to life. “Each time we hear somebody recite a poem, we understand again what we found fresh and interesting about it，” says National Public Radio broadcaster Scott Simon, master of ceremonies for the finals. Hearing it in a new voice offers something new to the listener.
Not only do the people hearing poems have a new experience, memorizing and presenting poems helps the participants understand those poems in a new way. Another benefit of a competition such as Poetry Out Loud is that the participants learn public-speaking skills that can help them for life.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了詩(shī)歌僅僅在書(shū)上閱讀是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的，朗誦和聆聽(tīng)一首詩(shī)歌會(huì)給人帶來(lái)全新的感受。
1．From the first paragraph, we can know ________．(　　)
A．the Greeks were the first to write poems
B．the Olympics used to start with poem reciting
C．poems were spread orally in the past
D.athletes were asked to recite poems before competing
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Long ago, poems were recited out loud instead of being written down.”可知，在很早以前，詩(shī)歌只是口頭朗誦的，所以當(dāng)時(shí)詩(shī)歌的傳播方式為口頭傳授。故選C。
2．How many rounds of competitions did the champions take before they went to Washington, D. C．？(　　)
A．Three. B．Four
C．Five. D．Six.
答案：B
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的介紹可知，參賽者經(jīng)過(guò)在班里、在學(xué)校，然后在市里和州里的比賽后才來(lái)到華盛頓進(jìn)行比賽。
3．According to the passage, hearing a poem recited by many people can ________．(　　)
A．bring a new life to listeners
B．help listeners find their interest
C．make listeners learn the words
D．offer something new to listeners
答案：D
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的“Hearing it in a new voice offers something new to the listener.”可知，朗誦詩(shī)歌可以給聽(tīng)者帶來(lái)新的感受。故選D。
4．What's the best title for the passage？(　　)
A．Reciting poems improves your memory.
B．Remembering a lot of poems is fun.
C．Poetry rocks the microphone.
D．Poets have a great time.
答案：C
解析：主旨大意題。本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要告訴我們?cè)谌珖?guó)很多學(xué)校要舉辦詩(shī)歌朗誦大賽，朗誦和聆聽(tīng)詩(shī)歌會(huì)給人帶來(lái)全新的感受。由此可知C項(xiàng)符合主題。
B
Poetry is the artistic expression of the human thoughts and feelings in rhythmical and emotional pared with prose (散文), it lays more stress on rhythm, imagery (意象), emotion, and imagination. As its language is rhythmical, its sound is highly musical. We may say, “No rhythm, no poetry”， no matter the rhythm of poetry is traditional as in metrical (格律的) style or “natural” as in free verse.
So the poet must write carefully and reflectively in order to find words that not only fulfill the demands of meter and rhyme, but also express the meaning in a manner that complements the imagery and tone of the rest of the poem. This careful use of language is the most significant difference between ordinary prose and poetry.
The ordinary prose writer neatly builds an argument using words the way a mason (石匠) builds a house using bricks; the poet is an artisan who creates a fieldstone hearth (粗石爐)—each stone or each word is turned over, examined, and often laid aside until it can be placed where its shape, weight, and color will contribute to the strength and beauty of the whole. Prose, according to Samuel Taylor Coleridge, is “words in their best order”， and poetry is “the best words in their best order”．
The reader's chief delight in reading poetry comes from his response to its musical effect, which comes from many metrical patterns represented in conventional iambic (抑揚(yáng)格) feet or from repetitions and parallel phrasing shown in free verse and from other elements of poetry.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了詩(shī)歌與散文之間的區(qū)別，以及人們讀詩(shī)的樂(lè)趣所在。
5．What's the purpose of saying “No rhythm, no poetry” in Paragraph 1？(　　)
A．To show the importance of rhythm in poetry.
B.To show rhythm is the most important element.
C.To show there is no limit on the use of rhythm.
D.To show rhythm is more important than poetry.
答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，詩(shī)歌的語(yǔ)言是有韻律的。因此常說(shuō)沒(méi)有韻律就沒(méi)有詩(shī)歌，無(wú)論詩(shī)歌的韻律是傳統(tǒng)的格律風(fēng)格還是自由詩(shī)體的自然風(fēng)格。由此可推知引用這句話是為了說(shuō)明韻律對(duì)于詩(shī)歌來(lái)說(shuō)很重要。故選A。
6．What is the most important difference between ordinary prose and poetry？(　　)
A．The degree of emotion.
B．The careful choice of words.
C．The delicate use of the metric style.
D．The demands of meter and rhyme.
答案：B
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“This careful use of language is the most significant difference between ordinary prose and poetry.”可知，相比散文，詩(shī)歌最顯著的不同是對(duì)語(yǔ)言的精挑細(xì)選。故選B。
7．Where is the reader's main joy in reading poetry？(　　)
A．The experience of the poet's emotion.
B．The appreciation of the metrical pattern.
C.The reader's reaction to the musical effect.
D．The comprehension of the thoughts and feelings.
答案：C
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“The reader's chief delight in reading poetry comes from his response to its musical effect.”可知，讀者讀詩(shī)的最大樂(lè)趣來(lái)自其對(duì)詩(shī)歌的音樂(lè)感回應(yīng)。故選C。
8．How is the text mainly developed？(　　)
A．By definition. B．By examples.
C．By quotation. D．By comparison.
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。全文把詩(shī)歌與散文在韻律、意境、選詞方面進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，故可知，作者通過(guò)對(duì)比的方式來(lái)寫(xiě)文章。故選D。
C
My mother was from a generation of women in India who truly worked the “double shift”， but that did not mean that her responsibilities at home were in any way decreased. It's one of the reasons I do not blame her for not being passionate about food the way I am, or not making cooking with my sister and me a priority. The last thing she needed was us walking around the kitchen, messing up her system, and making a mess.
I only started cooking for myself when I was homesick in England and the food of my homeland and childhood made me feel closer to my family. Mom and I have very different styles of cooking. I have a huge collection of cookbooks and I love learning all about food that is unfamiliar to me. Mom's cooking and her recipes came all down from her parents, a continuation of oral (口述的) traditions and culture. Sometimes, I catch my mom browsing through my cookbook collection in wonder and I see her eyes widen with appreciation and understanding.
I like to develop a recipe, and if it isn't right the first time, I'll keep trying until it's perfect. My samosa (薩莫薩三角炸餃) recipe, for example, is testament (證明) to it. Mom never liked making samosas; she thought they were a waste of time when we could just as easily go and buy some. I was enthusiastic about making the perfect ones, and gave her calls—a lot of them in the middle of the night—until I knew I had the right recipe and quantities. When we cook together, I am constantly pestering (打擾) her for quantities and she looks at me with amusement, as I am pulling my hair in frustration: Whose handful is that small handful referring to, Mother But my mom smiles as she happily adds a pinch of (一撮) this and a teaspoon of that. She tells me that I am lucky to be able to enjoy cooking, and asks if I am too serious about quantities, and am I still enjoying myself
My mom has taught me a lot about life and food. I am really grateful to her.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講了作者因?yàn)閶寢寣?duì)烹飪有了更深刻的理解。
9．What was the author's mom like when the author was young？(　　)
A．She didn't get on with her kids.
B．She gave up her work to take care of her family.
C．She didn't want her kids to be in the kitchen.
D.She often blamed her kids for being particular about food.
答案：C
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“The last thing she needed was us walking around the kitchen, messing up her system，and making a mess(她最不需要的就是我們?cè)趶N房里走來(lái)走去搞亂她的秩序，搞得一團(tuán)糟)”可知，作者小時(shí)候作者的媽媽不想讓她和妹妹出現(xiàn)在廚房中。
10．What can we infer about the author's mom's looking through cookbooks？(　　)
A．She wants to write her own cookbooks.
B．She hopes to improve traditional cooking.
C．She is doubtful about the author's cooking style.
D.She appreciates the author's cooking interest.
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Sometimes，I catch my mom browsing through my cookbook collection in wonder and I see her eyes widen with appreciation and understanding(有時(shí)，我看到我媽媽好奇地瀏覽我的食譜收藏，我看到她睜大了眼睛，充滿欣賞和理解)”可知，作者的媽媽很贊同作者學(xué)習(xí)烹飪。
11．Why did the author mention samosas in the text？(　　)
A．To show her love of cooking.
B．To indicate they were her favorite food.
C．To express her appreciation for her mom.
D．To prove her mom was bad at making them.
答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“I like to develop a recipe, and if it isn't right the first time, I'll keep trying until it's perfect. My samosa recipe, for example, is testament to it. Mom never liked making samosas; she thought they were a waste of time when we could just as easily go and buy some. I was enthusiastic about making the perfect ones, and gave her calls—a lot of them in the middle of the night—until I knew I had the right recipe and quantities(我喜歡開(kāi)發(fā)一個(gè)食譜，如果第一次不對(duì)，我會(huì)繼續(xù)嘗試，直到它完美。比如說(shuō)，我的薩莫薩三角炸餃菜譜就是最好的證明。媽媽從來(lái)不喜歡做薩莫薩三角炸餃；她認(rèn)為做薩莫薩三角炸餃?zhǔn)抢速M(fèi)時(shí)間，而我們可以很容易地去買(mǎi)一些。我熱衷于做出完美的薩莫薩三角炸餃，并給她打電話——很多都是在半夜打的——直到我知道我有正確的食譜和用量)”可知，作者提到薩莫薩三角炸餃的例子是為了說(shuō)明她對(duì)烹飪的熱愛(ài)。
12．What might the author's mom agree with？(　　)
A．Cooking can make one calm down.
B．One should read cookbooks critically.
C.One shouldn't be too serious about quantities while cooking.
D．It's not a good idea to involve too many cooks in cooking.
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“But my mom smiles as she happily adds a pinch of this and a teaspoon of that. She tells me that I am lucky to be able to enjoy cooking, and asks if I am too serious about quantities, and am I still enjoying myself？(但是我媽媽笑著高興地加了一小撮這個(gè)和一茶匙那個(gè)。她告訴我，我很幸運(yùn)能夠享受烹飪，并問(wèn)我是否我對(duì)用量過(guò)于在意，我仍然自得其樂(lè)嗎？)”可知，媽媽想要告訴作者要想充分享受烹飪的樂(lè)趣，就不應(yīng)該過(guò)分糾結(jié)用量。
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)
When Heather McHugh, a poet, won a $ 500，000 “genius grant” from the MacArthur Foundation, she didn't buy a luxurious car or fly to Paris. __1__， she put the money in the bank and continued writing poems.
In 2015, she finally __2__ what to do with it. That year, Heather's godson and his wife __3__ their first child, a beautiful baby girl but severely disabled. “I saw how people's __4__ can change overnight. I started thinking about people in a __5__ situation，” says Heather.
She __6__ there were millions of caregivers taking care of the chronically (慢性地) ill or disabled. So in 2012, Heather __7__ a nonprofit organization offering a seven-day vacation, with all expenses paid, to people who have been caregivers for at least ten years. When Tricia got a call saying she was offered a __8__ vacation, she couldn't believe it.
Tricia went, and her favorite parts of the trip were being able to __9__ the simple things. She was afraid the heaviness would return when the __10__ was over, but to her __11__， it hasn't been back since.
“Before the vacation they are so __12__， but the change is so __13__. They reflect and relax. It feels __14__ like another world and gives them a __15__ to see their lives from another angle，” she adds.
　　　　
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了一位獲獎(jiǎng)詩(shī)人Heather McHugh利用自己的50萬(wàn)美元獎(jiǎng)金建立非營(yíng)利組織，為照顧慢性病患者和殘疾人的護(hù)理員提供免費(fèi)休假，讓他們到新的環(huán)境中從不一樣的角度看待他們的人生。
1．(　　)A.However B．Therefore
C．Instead D．Besides
答案：A
解析：邏輯推理題。根據(jù)空前面一句可知，她獲得了50萬(wàn)美元的獎(jiǎng)金后，并沒(méi)有購(gòu)買(mǎi)汽車或去旅游，反而(However)她將這些錢(qián)存入銀行繼續(xù)寫(xiě)詩(shī)。
2．(　　)A.thought over B．wondered
C．talked about D．decided
答案：D
解析：邏輯推理題。根據(jù)這一段的內(nèi)容可知，此處表示在2015年，她終于決定(decided)如何處理它。
3．(　　)A.held B．welcomed
C．lost D．saved
答案：B
解析：詞義辨析題。此處指那一年，Heather的教子和他的妻子迎來(lái)(welcomed)了他們的第一個(gè)孩子，一個(gè)漂亮的女?huà)耄珖?yán)重殘疾。
4．(　　)A.feelings B．future
C．lives D．routine
答案：C
解析：邏輯推理題。因?yàn)樯暮⒆佑袣埣玻浴拔摇笨吹搅巳藗兊纳?lives)是如何在一夜之間改變的。
5．(　　)A.different B．similar
C．worse D．better
答案：B
解析：邏輯推理題。我開(kāi)始關(guān)注那些處于相似(similar)處境的人。
6．(　　)A.discovered B．claimed
C．a(chǎn)dmitted D．felt
答案：A
解析：邏輯推理題。她發(fā)現(xiàn)(discovered)有數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的護(hù)理員在照顧慢性病患者或殘疾人。
7．(　　)A.donated B．found
C．visited D．formed
答案：D
解析：邏輯推理題。在2012年，Heather成立了(formed)一個(gè)非營(yíng)利組織，為那些照顧他人至少十年的人提供七天的假期，所有費(fèi)用由他們承擔(dān)。
8．(　　)A.free B．caring
C．short D．long
答案：A
解析：邏輯推理題。根據(jù)前面的“with all expenses paid”可知，是提供Tricia免費(fèi)的(free)旅行。
9．(　　)A.close B．a(chǎn)void
C．worry D．enjoy
答案：D
解析：背景常識(shí)題。人們一般都會(huì)喜歡簡(jiǎn)單的生活，Tricia也是，所以此處指她最喜歡的就是享受(enjoy)簡(jiǎn)單的生活。
10．(　　)A.entertainment B．dream
C．vacation D．freedom
答案：C
解析：詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)題。根據(jù)上一段中的“she was offered a __8__ vacation”可知。
11．(　　)A.disappointment
B．excitement
C．embarrassment
D．surprise
答案：D
解析：邏輯推理題。她擔(dān)心假期結(jié)束后，這種沉重的感覺(jué)會(huì)回來(lái)，但令她驚訝(surprise)的是，這種感覺(jué)從那以后就再也沒(méi)有回來(lái)過(guò)。
12．(　　)A.worried B．confused
C．unexpected D．stressed
答案：D
解析：邏輯推理題。根據(jù)上一段的“She was afraid the heaviness would return...was over”(她擔(dān)心假期結(jié)束后，這種沉重的感覺(jué)會(huì)回來(lái))可知，假期前他們壓力很大。
13．(　　)A.puzzling B．a(chǎn)mazing
C．interesting D．a(chǎn)musing
答案：B
解析：邏輯推理題。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處指假期前他們壓力很大，但變化是如此驚人(amazing)。
14．(　　)A.slightly B．interestingly
C．magically D．mostly
答案：C
解析：邏輯推理題。它給他們一種神奇的感覺(jué)，仿佛置身于另一個(gè)世界。slightly輕微地；interestingly有趣地；magically神奇地；mostly主要地。
15．(　　)A.place B．situation
C．height D．chance
答案：D
解析：邏輯推理題。此處指讓他們有機(jī)會(huì)從另一個(gè)角度審視自己的生活。chance機(jī)會(huì)。
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