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課時作業(十一)　Unit 4　Section B Grammar and usage & Integrated skills　(分值：40分)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共11小題；每小題2.5分，滿分27.5分)
A
Reading poems is not exactly an everyday activity for most people. In fact, many people never read a poem once they get out of high school.
It is worth reminding ourselves that this has not always been the case in America. In the nineteenth century, a usual American activity was to sit around the fireside in the evening and read poems aloud. It is true that there was no television at the time, nor movie theaters, nor World Wide Web, to provide diversion. However, poems were a source of pleasure, of self-education, of connection to other people or to the world beyond one's own community. Reading them was a social act as well as an individual one and perhaps even more social than individual. Writing poems to share with friends and relations was like reading poems by the fireside, another way in which poetry has a place in everyday life.
How did things change Why are most Americans no longer comfortable with poetry, and why do most people today think that a poem has nothing to tell them and that they can do well without poems
There are, I believe, three factors: poets, teachers and we ourselves. Of these the least important is the third: the world surrounding the poem has betrayed us more than we have betrayed the poem. Early in the twentieth century, poetry in English headed into directions unfavorable to the reading of poetry. Readers decided that poems were not for the fireside or the easy chair at night and that they belonged where other difficult-to-read things belonged.
Poets failed the reader, so did teachers. They want their students to know something about the skills of a poem. They want their students to see that poems mean something. Yet what usually occurs when teachers push these concerns on their high school students is that young people decide poems are unpleasant crossword puzzles.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇議論文。主要討論了詩歌由過去的受人歡迎，到現在受人冷落的原因。
1．Reading poems is thought to be a social act in the nineteenth century because ________．(　　)
A．it built a link among people
B．it helped unite a community
C．it was a source of self-education
D．it was a source of pleasure
答案：A
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段最后三句可知在19世紀讀詩是一種社交行為，人們讀詩寫詩和朋友以及親戚分享，讀詩在人們之間建立了一種聯系。
2．The underlined word “diversion” most probably means ________．(　　)
A．concentration B．change
C．amusements D．stories
答案：C
解析：詞義猜測題。根據第二段可知，在十九世紀，沒有電視機、電影院和寬帶網，然而詩歌是快樂的源泉，因此可以推斷電視機、電影院和寬帶網提供的是娛樂。故選C。
3．According to the passage, what is the main cause of the great gap between readers and poetry？(　　)
A.Students are becoming less interested in poetry.
B.Students are poorly educated in high school.
C．TV and the Internet are more attractive than poetry.
D．Poems have become difficult to understand.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據第四段的“Readers decided that poems were not for the fireside or the easy chair at night and that they belonged where other difficult-to-read things belonged.”可知，讀者與詩歌之間產生了鴻溝，主要是因為詩歌很難讀懂。故選D。
B
Tang Dynasty poets sang for about three centuries in different tones. There were many famous poets living in the Tang period such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi and Li Shangyin. Quan Tangshi edited in the Qing Dynasty is a collection of about 48, 900 poems that were written by over 2，200 poets. But it doesn't cover all the poems of the Tang Dynasty.
During the Tang Dynasty, poems were recited when lovers walked under the moonlight. Poems were also recited when soldiers fought on the battlefield. People recited them in the open air or at temple fairs.
In the Tang Dynasty scholars (學者) had to be poets. Their readers were not only people of high social position but also common people. Poets recited poems; women singers sang poems and other ranks of people, including old women and children, read Tang poems. This atmosphere affected foreigners who visited the country at that time. As a result, Tang poetry was introduced to some adjacent countries, like Japan and Vietnam.
Tang poetry is a most brilliant page in the history of ancient Chinese literature. It's a miracle (奇跡) in the cultural history of mankind. The Tang Dynasty was a powerful empire with a vast territory. It inherited (繼承) Chinese civilization that went back to ancient times, and was combined with the best of other cultures and adopted the benefits of other nations in the world. Tang poetry wasn't the only spiritual wealth created by people of the Tang Dynasty. Philosophy, handwriting, painting, music and dance all gained new peaks of development. Tang poetry, however, was the jewel in the crown and the greatest achievement in the Tang Dynasty.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了唐詩在唐代的盛行，其影響力以及對世界文化的貢獻。
4．It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that ________.(　　)
A.there were more than 48，900 poems written in the Tang Dynasty
B．in total there were four famous poets in the Tang Dynasty
C.only people of the Tang Dynasty createdpoems
D.in the Tang Dynasty most common people were poets
答案：A
解析：細節理解題。由文章第一段可知，《全唐詩》中收錄了約48 900首詩，但它并沒有包括唐朝所有的詩歌，所以在唐朝有超過48 900首詩被創作。故選A。
5．The underlined word “adjacent” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________．(　　)
A．neighboring B．strong
C．poor D．western
答案：A
解析：詞義猜測題。由文章第三段最后一句中的“like Japan and Vietnam”以及常識可知，日本和越南都是中國的鄰國，adjacent意為“鄰近的”。故選A。
6．What does the author really want to tell us in Paragraph 3？(　　)
A.In the Tang Dynasty all poets were scholars.
B．In the Tang Dynasty poems were quite popular.
C．Many foreigners came to the east during the Tang Dynasty.
D．In the Tang Dynasty many poems were sung by women singers.
答案：B
解析：段落大意題。由文章第三段內容可知，在唐朝學者必須是詩人，社會各個階層的人都在讀唐詩，甚至外國人也受到了唐詩的影響。所以，本段主要說明詩歌在唐朝是非常流行的。故選B。
7．What can we know from Paragraph 4？(　　)
A．The reasons for the poets to create poems in the Tang Dynasty.
B．Tang poetry, the greatest spiritual wealth in ancient China.
C.The significance and influence of Tang poetry.
D.The editors of Tang poetry in the Qing Dynasty.
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。由文章最后一段前兩句和最后一句可知，唐詩是中國古代文學史上最輝煌的一頁，是人類文化史上的一個奇跡。唐詩是皇冠上的寶石，也是唐朝最偉大的成就。由此可推知，最后一段告訴我們唐詩的意義和影響。故選C。
C
“The failure to play is now a serious issue and it calls for action for change，” says Sir Ken Robinson, a leading expert in education, creativity and human development. This is the driving force behind Outdoor Classroom Day—a global teacher-led campaign, supported by Dirt is Good, a company producing daily chemical products.
Outdoor Classroom Day, taking place on 17th May and 1st November, will see schools around the world swap the inside for the outside and take learning into the playground and beyond to make playtime a key part of the school day.This might involve using natural objects like stones to do sums, or going on an insect hunt to encourage curiosity.By now, Outdoor Classroom Day has grown from a grassroots movement to a global campaign that is expected to benefit five million children and over 40，000 schools from all around the world.
This is helping to change the trend that sees many schools selling up or building on their playgrounds and cutting back on playtime to make more room for academic studies, while at home children's lives are increasingly filled with organized activities intended to help them learn. Today globally 61% of parents surveyed in the Dirt is Good Qualitative Study said that children don't know how to play without using technology.
Outdoor Classroom Day is making play time happen, with 22% of participating schools having increased their playtime since joining the campaign. 93% of teachers surveyed saw improvements in children's creativity after playing outside, and 97% believe that time outdoors is necessary for children to reach their full potential.
Scientific studies show that real play—the active, physical, self-directed play—is essential for children to develop key life skills that are not taught elsewhere. Few would question the value of developing creativity, leadership, resourcefulness, and curiosity.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了一項名為“戶外課堂日”的活動，這項活動旨在通過增加孩子的游戲時間，來提高孩子的創造力，充分發揮他們的潛力。
8．What do children do on Outdoor Classroom Day？(　　)
A．Have P．E. classes on the playgrounds.
B．Have a day off and go playing somewhere.
C．Learn and play by using natural things outside.
D．Play on their own without the teachers' guidance.
答案：C
解析：根據第二段中“Outdoor Classroom Day，taking place on 17th May and 1st November, will see schools around the world swap the inside for the outside and take learning into the playground and beyond to make playtime a key part of the school day. This might involve using natural objects like stones to do sums, or going on an insect hunt to encourage curiosity.(5月17日和11月1日舉行的‘戶外課堂日’，將看到世界各地的學校從教室里面換到教室外面，把學習帶到操場和其他地方，使游戲時間成為學校一天的重要組成部分。這可能包括使用石頭等自然物體來做算術，或者進行昆蟲狩獵來激發好奇心。)”可知，在“戶外課堂日”，孩子們利用戶外的自然事物學習和玩耍。
9．Why do children spend less time outdoors？(　　)
A．Schools stop providing playgrounds.
B．Adults ignore the importance of playtime.
C．Parents prefer to teach their children at home.
D.Technology helps children learn better at home.
答案：B
解析：根據第三段中“This is helping to change the trend that sees many schools selling up or building on their playgrounds and cutting back on playtime to make more room for academic studies, while at home children's lives are increasingly filled with organized activities intended to help them learn.(這有助于改變一種趨勢，這種趨勢見證了許多學校變賣操場或在操場上建房子，減少游戲時間，為學業騰出更多空間，而在家里，孩子們的生活越來越多地被旨在幫助他們學習的有組織的活動所占據。)”可知，家長認為學習比玩耍重要，會給孩子安排更多的旨在幫助他們學習的活動。由此可知，孩子們在戶外的時間更少了，一個原因是成年人忽視了游戲時間的重要性。
10．What's the school teachers' attitude towards the campaign？(　　)
A．Opposed. B．Cold.
C．Enthusiastic. D．Favourable.
答案：D
解析：根據倒數第二段中“93% of teachers surveyed saw improvements in children's creativity after playing outside, and 97% believe that time outdoors is necessary for children to reach their full potential.(93%接受調查的教師認為，孩子們在戶外玩耍后創造力有所提高，97%的教師認為，戶外時間對孩子們充分發揮潛能是必要的。)”可知，學校老師對這項活動的態度是支持的。
11．What's the passage mainly about？(　　)
A．To introduce an activity.
B．To advertise a product.
C．To entertain the public.
D．To persuade students to play.
答案：A
解析：通讀文章可知，本文主要介紹了一項名為“戶外課堂日”的活動，這項活動旨在通過增加孩子的游戲時間，來提高孩子的創造力，充分發揮他們的潛力。
Ⅱ.七選五(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)
Do you still remember your favorite poem from high school or some other important periods in your life Why is it that decades later it still stands out in your mind 1(____) In the same way, you too as a school leader can touch the hearts of your staff and students.
2(____) Thus, it can inspire whatever and whomever it touches. The power that poetry has displayed over time and across cultures actually satisfies this common need of the human heart and soul.
As one of the oldest art forms, poetry has successfully connected various strands of humanity (人性) from one generation to another. Referring to poetry, Hillyer makes a simple yet meaningful statement, “3(____)”
School leaders can find and make use of the value of poetry for themselves，their students and their staff members. Beyond the simple use of poetry, techniques of poetry such as metaphors, repetitions and imagery can be used to take advantage of the power of language to transform communication. 4(____)
Since schools are mainly about people and relationship, school leaders, like poets, are required to inspire and encourage the human heart. 5(____) In addition, it serves to meet the human need for inspiration.
A.With this key mankind unlocked his heart.
B．Probably the main reason is that some aspects of that poem touch your heart.
C．At the same time, they can create meaning and a culture of care and attention.
D.Students are encouraged to write poetry after they learn some poems at school.
E.Poetry can not only make us master a language well but also let us express our feelings.
F.Poetry allows us to experience strong spiritual connections to things around us and to the past.
G.The use of poetry—or even of some techniques of poetry—in school leadership helps to improve communication.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。主要講了詩的力量，作為最古老的藝術形式，詩可以滿足人們心靈的需求，可以在處理人際關系方面發揮作用。
1．答案：B
解析：前面提到了why引導的問題，所以此處回答原因。故選B。
2．答案：F
解析：段首句是這一段的主題句。本段主要講了詩歌可以激起它所觸動的人和事。詩所展示的力量可以滿足人類心靈和靈魂的普遍需要。由此說明，這一段的主題是詩歌可以觸動我們的心靈。故選F。
3．答案：A
解析：上文提到作為最古老的藝術形式之一，詩成功地連接了一代又一代人各種各樣的人性。由此可知Hillyer會提到詩把人的內心聯系在一起。故選A。
4．答案：C
解析：空前面一句提到像暗喻、重復、比喻這些詩歌的技巧可以被用來利用語言的力量來改變交流。所以此處指它們還能創造意義和一種關懷和關注的文化。C項中的they指代前面一句中的“techniques of poetry”。
5．答案：G
解析：空前面一句提到，因為學校主要是關于人們和人際關系，所以，像詩人一樣的學校領導被要求激發人的心靈。空處表示在學校領導中運用詩歌或者使用一些詩的技巧會改善交流。故選G。
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