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課時作業(四)　Unit 2　Section A Welcome to the unit & Reading　(分值：42.5分)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共11小題；每小題2.5分，滿分27.5分)
A
Singing has always made Stephen Dunn, 64, of Melbourne, feel joyful. He occasionally sang with bands in the past. When he was diagnosed (診斷) with Parkinson's disease two years ago, he remembered that his father, who'd also had the condition, lost his ability to sing as the disease progressed.
Hoping to prevent a similar fate, Stephen joined ParkinSong last year, a local group of Parkinson's patients who meet monthly with a music therapist (治療專家). They sing together and learn skills to help preserve their singing and speaking voices.
“The session involves vocal exercises, breathing exercises, correct posture and that sort of thing，” he says. “Our vocal cords (聲帶) are like any other muscle in our body. If you don't use it，you lose it.”
Helping Parkinson's patients maintain their voices is just one way that music therapy benefits people. A variety of music programmes can improve the mental or physical health of people with numerous diseases and conditions. There are no potential side effects, except, perhaps, getting a song stuck in your head.
When therapy is needed to relieve pain or maintain or restore function to the body, different options are available. Physical therapy can be effective, but repetitive exercises may be boring. Music can add an element of fun to therapy.
Music is an ideal motivator, because people have deep emotional responses to it on many levels; researchers and music therapists latch onto this to create treatments that can be as effective as, or more effective than, traditional therapies.
“Music's so multi-dimentional，” says Jeanette Tamplin, a music therapist and research fellow at the University of Melbourne who's involved with ParkinSong. “It can be very functional. Like you're getting people to walk in time to music. Or it can help them to access emotions and process grief (悲傷) and adjustment through songs.”
Doctors recommend music therapy to treat certain conditions, and researchers are working to expand the reach of treatments.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了音樂療法對于治療帕金森患者的幫助。
1．What's the purpose of Stephen Dunn's joining ParkinSong？(　　)
A．To train his vocal cord.
B．To learn more singing skills.
C．To meet people with Parkinson.
D．To stop himself losing his ability to sing.
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段最后一句可知，他記得他的父親也患有這種病，隨著病情的發展，他失去了唱歌的能力；根據第二段第一句可知，為了避免類似的命運，斯蒂芬去年加入了ParkinSong。綜上可知，斯蒂芬加入ParkinSong是為了不讓自己失去唱歌的能力。故選D。
2．What can be inferred from the passage？(　　)
A．Music motivates people to express all their feelings.
B．Music has the best effect on restoring the function of body.
C．Music therapy brings patients more fun than traditional one.
D．Music therapy helps maintain people's voice in a limited way.
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據第五段最后兩句可知，物理治療可能是有效的，但重復的練習可能是無聊的。音樂可以為治療增加樂趣。所以音樂治療比傳統治療要更有樂趣。故選C。
3．What will probably be talked about in the following paragraph？(　　)
A．ParkinSong gathers more Parkinson's patients to sing together.
B．Music therapy is used in treatments of other conditions.
C．Doctors found new therapies for Parkinson's patients.
D.The origin of music therapy in Parkinson treatment.
答案：B
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，醫生推薦用音樂療法來治療某些病癥，研究人員也在努力擴大音樂療法治療的范圍。故推知，下一段可能會說到音樂療法適用于其他的疾病。故選B。
B
Studying how people move to music is a powerful tool for researchers looking to understand how and why music affects us the way it does. Over the last few years, researchers at the Center for Interdisciplinary Music Research in Finland have used motion capture (運動捕捉) technology to learn that your dance moves say a lot about you, such as what mood you happen to be in, and even how much you understand other people's feelings. Recently, however, they discovered something amazing.
In fact, we weren't looking for this result, as we set out to study something completely different, explains Dr. Emily Carlson, the first author of the study. “Our original idea was to see if we could use machines to identify which category of music our participants were dancing to, based on their movements.”
The 73 participants in the study were motion captured dancing to eight different categories. The only instruction they received was to listen to the music and move any way they felt natural. The researchers then analyzed their movements using machine learning, trying to distinguish between the different kinds of music. Unfortunately, their computer algorithm (算法) was able to identify the correct kind less than 30% of the time. They were shocked to discover, however, that the computer could correctly identify which of the 73 individuals was dancing 94% of the time. Left to chance (that is, if the computer had simply guessed without any information to go on), the expected accuracy would be less than 2%.
“It seems as though a person's dance movements are a kind of fingerprint，” says Dr. Pasi Saari, coauthor of the study and data analyst, “Each person has a unique movement signature that stays the same no matter what kind of music is playing.” Some kinds, however, had more effect on individual dance movements than others. The computer was less accurate in identifying individuals when they were dancing to metal music.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了一個人的舞蹈動作就像是一種指紋，不受伴奏的音樂風格的影響。
4．What did the researchers originally intend to find？(　　)
A．What dance moves could say about people.
B.Whether computers could tell dancers' music category.
C.How dance movements reflected one's personality.
D．What effects music category had on dance moves.
答案：B
解析：細節理解題。由第二段中的“Our original idea was to see if we could use machines to identify which category of music our participants were dancing to, based on their movements.”可知，研究人員最初打算看機器是否能區分舞者所跳的音樂類別。故選B。
5．What message is conveyed in the last paragraph？(　　)
A．Dance movements depend on the kind of music.
B．All participants don't have their specific dance moves.
C．Computers are better at recognizing music category.
D.A person's dance style almost remains unchanged.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。由最后一段中的“Each person has a unique movement signature that stays the same no matter what kind of music is playing.”可知每個人獨特的舞蹈動作會保持不變，說明一個人的舞蹈風格幾乎不變。故選D。
6．What is the purpose of the text？(　　)
A．To inform readers of the finding of a study.
B．To explain the link between dance and music.
C．To tell the differences in various music dances.
D．To show how powerful the computer is.
答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。由其他段落中關于“舞蹈動作與音樂風格”的相關研究內容和最后一段前半部分可知，本文主要介紹了一項研究發現：一個人的舞蹈動作是獨特的，不受伴奏的音樂風格的影響。故選A。
7．Which is the text probably taken from？(　　)
A．A scientific magazine.
B．A biology textbook.
C．A book review.
D．A health newspaper.
答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。由其他段落中關于“舞蹈動作與音樂風格”的相關研究內容和最后一段前半部分可知，本文主要介紹了一項研究發現：一個人的舞蹈動作是獨特的，不受伴奏的音樂風格的影響。屬于科學研究文章，可能會出現在科學雜志。故選A。
C
Seven years ago, American Libby Green was traveling with her mom to the French Mediterranean resort city of Nice.
Meanwhile, German-born Marcel Gnauk and a friend were also in Nice, attending the Crossover Festival, a celebration of eclectic music.
Walking on the city's beachfront Promenade des Anglais, Marcel spotted Libby holding a Hasselblad, a traditional medium-format film camera, and couldn't resist approaching her. The pair chatted about this valuable object and then their travel. The next day, Libby flew back to the US, but they kept in contact.
In the early years of their relationship, sharing their travel experiences online became part of their routine. Then, when traveling in Phnom Penh, Libby filmed some pigeons taking flight that she wanted to use in a film. But she couldn't record the sound of their wing beats.
They looked on the Internet, searching sound libraries, but couldn't find anything appropriate. So, Marcel took a $100 audio recorder, and went searching for the missing sound to record. He didn't find any pigeons—but he did manage to change the direction of the couple's future.
Marcel turned the recorder on in a small construction zone where women were shoveling gravel, listening through a cheap set of headphones. He was shocked. Everything became alive, and from that day until now he had never stopped recording.
In the six years since that first recording, Libby and Marcel have captured audio in more than 25 countries. They share their experiences through Instagram. Through postings they offer not just their passion and experiences recording sounds, but also details of the equipment and techniques they use. Through their website they offer 500 royalty-free sound libraries. Of these, 145 are free to download.
Marcel says their “a-ha” moment came when he was sitting in front of a computer in 2017. Libby had added a donation button to their website, and a Hollywood post-production creative had donated a few dollars. He realized others shared a passion for sound—and were willing to pay for it. Now their passion becomes a business.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Marcel夫婦在旅游中偶然發現了聲音的美好，從此他們踏上了記錄聲音、分享聲音的道路。
8．What attracted Marcel when he saw Libby？(　　)
A．Her voice. B．Her camera.
C．Her kindness. D．Her beauty.
答案：B
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中“Walking on the city's beachfront Promenade des Anglais, Marcel spotted Libby holding a Hasselblad, a traditional medium-format film camera, and couldn't resist approaching her.”可知，最初是Libby的相機吸引了Marcel。
9．Which moment was of significance to the couple？(　　)
A．When they made a film in France.
B．When they shared travel experiences online.
C.When they searched the woods for a specific bird.
D．When they tried to record sounds of birds beating wings.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據第五段中“So, Marcel took a $100 audio recorder, and went searching for the missing sound to record. He didn't find any pigeons—but he did manage to change the direction of the couple's future.”可知，當他們嘗試去錄制鳥拍打翅膀的聲音時，他們的人生方向改變了，因此這一時刻對他們來說具有重大意義。
10．What does the author want to convey by saying “‘a-ha’ moment” in the last paragraph？(　　)
A．Marcel got a surprise.
B．Marcel could do nothing but sigh.
C．Marcel couldn't say a word.
D．Marcel felt really worried.
答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段“He realized others shared a passion for sound—and were willing to pay for it.”可知，當Marcel看到有人愿意花錢買自己錄的聲音時非常驚喜。
11．What is the best title for the text？(　　)
A．An Unforgettable Travel
B．A Secret to Happiness
C．A Passion for Sounds
D．A Lesson from Nature
答案：C
解析：標題歸納題。文章主要講述了Marcel夫婦偶然發現聲音的魅力，然后他們周游世界記錄聲音并分享給人們的故事，可以推斷出文章主要表達了他們對于聲音的熱愛。
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)
Itzhak Perlman, the world famous violinist, got polio (小兒麻痹癥) as a child. __1__， you know that getting on stage is not easy for him.
On November 18, 1995, he came on stage to give a __2__ at Lincoln Centre in New York City. That night Perlman walked __3__ to his chair. Then he sat down and began to play. But suddenly, one of the strings on his violin broke. You could hear it break with a loud __4__.
People thought to themselves, “He would have to get up to either __5__ another violin or another string for this one.” But he didn't. __6__， he waited a moment, closed his eyes and then signaled the conductor to begin again. The orchestra (管弦樂隊) began, and he played from where he had __7__. He played with such passion and such power. Of course, everyone knew that it was __8__ to play a symphonic work with just three strings. But that night Itzhak Perlman __9__ to know that. You could see him changing and recomposing the piece in his head.
When he finished, there was a __10__ in the room. Then people rose and cheered. They were all __11__， doing everything they could to show how much they __12__ what he had done. He smiled and then he said in a quiet tone, “You know, sometimes it is the artist's task to __13__ how much music you can make with what you have left.”
His words have __14__ in my mind ever since I heard them. That is also the way of life. Perhaps our __15__ in this quickly changing world in which we live is to make music, at first with all that we have, and then, when that is no longer possible, to make music with what we have left.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。著名小提琴家伊扎克·帕爾曼幼時患小兒麻痹癥，落下殘疾。一次他演奏時，一根琴弦意外斷了。然而，他利用僅剩的三根弦完成了演奏。他認為，藝術家應該學會用手頭僅有的東西創作音樂。
1．(　　)A.At first B．As a result
C．In other words D．In fact
答案：B
解析：At first首先，起初；As a result結果，因此；In other words換句話說；In fact事實上。上文提到帕爾曼小時罹患小兒麻痹癥，由此導致他行動不便。上下文為因果關系。故選B。
2．(　　)A.concert B．speech
C．lecture D．presentation
答案：A
解析：concert音樂會；speech演講；lecture講座；presentation展示，描述。根據本段第三句“Then he sat down and began to play.”和“the strings on his violin”可知，帕爾曼此行是去開音樂會的。故選A。
3．(　　)A.quietly B．slowly
C．quickly D．smoothly
答案：B
解析：句意：那天晚上，帕爾曼慢慢地走向他的椅子。上文提到幼時的小兒麻痹癥導致帕爾曼行動不便，因此他只能“慢慢地”走到舞臺的座位上。故選B。
4．(　　)A.scream B．voice
C．noise D．shout
答案：C
解析：scream尖叫；voice嗓音；noise響聲，噪音；shout呼喊，喊叫。句意：你可以聽到它斷裂的巨響。上文提到一根琴弦突然斷了，根據常識，弦斷的聲音用noise。故選C。
5．(　　)A.find B．buy
C．replace D．deliver
答案：A
解析：句意：人們心想，他不得不起身去找另一把小提琴或者另一根弦。帕爾曼的琴弦斷了，臺下的觀眾們心想他會起身去找根弦或換琴。B和D均不符合語境，C與賓語“another violin or another string”不搭配。故選A。
6．(　　)A.Moreover B．Fortunately
C．Therefore D．Instead
答案：D
解析：Moreover此外，而且；Fortunately幸運地；Therefore因此，所以；Instead相反，反而。根據前句“But he didn't.”可知帕爾曼出乎觀眾的意料并沒有更換琴或弦，而是繼續演奏。此處用Instead表示轉折。故選D。
7．(　　)A.stopped B．started
C．forgotten D．continued
答案：A
解析：句意：管弦樂隊開始演奏，他從暫停的地方重新開始表演。根據上文可知，琴弦斷裂，演奏暫停，因此推斷此處指他從剛才琴弦斷了，表演暫停的地方重新開始表演。故選A。
8．(　　)A.impossible B．unique
C．likely D．unnecessary
答案：A
解析：impossible不可能的；unique獨特的；likely可能的，有希望的；unnecessary不必要的。根據常識可知只用三根弦是“不可能”演奏交響樂的。故選A。
9．(　　)A.attempted B．expected
C．managed D．refused
答案：D
解析：attempted試圖，嘗試；expected期望，盼望；managed處理，設法；refused拒絕。句意：但那天晚上，帕爾曼拒絕知道這一點。此句中的that指的是上文中提到的“用三根弦是不可能演奏交響樂的”。下文“changing and recomposing the piece in his head”提到他在心里重新譜曲，可見他“拒絕”常規做法，創新演繹了原曲。故選D。
10．(　　)A.laughter B．discussion
C．silence D．clap
答案：C
解析：laughter笑聲；discussion討論；silence沉默，寂靜；clap鼓掌。可知，觀眾們被帕爾曼的創新演繹深深折服，演出剛結束時全場默默地沉浸其中，意猶未盡，然后人們起立歡呼。故選C。
11．(　　)A.out of mind B．on their feet
C．at their side D．on their knees
答案：B
解析：out of mind心不在焉；on their feet站著；at their side在他們身邊；on their knees跪著。上文“people rose and cheered”提到觀眾們起身喝彩，可推知此處觀眾們一直“站著”以各種方式表達對藝術家精彩演奏的“欣賞之情”。故選B。
12．(　　)A.remembered B．ignored
C．shared D．appreciated
答案：D
解析：remembered記住，記得；ignored忽視；shared分享；appreciated欣賞，感激。上文觀眾站起來歡呼表達他們對帕爾曼精彩表演的欣賞。故選D。
13．(　　)A.let out B．put out
C．find out D．give out
答案：C
解析：let out發出，泄露；put out熄滅，出版；find out找出，查明；give out分發，用盡。句意：你知道，有時候藝術家的任務就是去發現你能用僅有的東西創作出多少音樂。上文提到，帕爾曼用僅有的三根弦演奏樂曲，與此處形成呼應。故選C。
14．(　　)A.disappeared B．mixed
C．stayed D．changed
答案：C
解析：disappeared消失；mixed混合；stayed停留；changed變化。根據下文“in my mind ever since I heard them”可知，此處指他的話一直“停留”在我心里。故選C。
15．(　　)A.goal B．task
C．belief D．destination
答案：B
解析：goal目標；task任務；belief信念；destination目的地。句意：在這個瞬息萬變的世界里，也許我們的任務就是先用我們所有的東西來創作音樂，然后，當那種條件不再可能時，就用我們剩余的東西來創作音樂。此處呼應上文“it is the artist's task to __13__ how much music you can make with what you have left”，其中task是原詞復現。故選B。
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