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2024-2025學年第二學期期中質量調查（黃南高）二年級（英語）試卷
命題人：于海彤 審核人：汪露露 學科組長:邵琴 滿分：150 時長：100分鐘
注意：本試卷包含Ⅰ、Ⅱ兩卷。第Ⅰ卷為選擇題，所有答案必須用 2B 鉛筆涂在答題卡中相應的位置。第Ⅱ卷為非選擇題，所有答案必須填在答題卷的相應位置。答案寫在試卷上均無效，不予記分。
第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）
第一部分 聽力（共兩節，滿分 30 分）
第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1．Where is the woman going to spend her Thanksgiving
A．In her mother’s. B．In her sister’s. C．At home.
2．Who treated the meal
A．The man. B．The woman. C．Someone else.
3．What can we learn about Mr. Robert
A．He is strange. B．He is rich. C．He is excellent.
4．What’s the weather like now
A．Fine. B．Snowy. C．Windy.
5．What book has the woman bought
A．A history book. B．An English book. C．A book for a music course.
第二節（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段對話，回答6-7小題。
6．Why didn’t the woman take this course last semester
A．She was busy.
B．She had taken this course before.
C．She didn’t know about it in time.
7．In what aspects does the man get a lot of practice
A．In speaking and reading.
B．In speaking and writing.
C．In reading and writing.
聽下面一段對話，回答8-9小題。
8．Where does the conversation most probably take place
A．In a shop. B．In a restaurant. C．In a bar.
9．How much is one box of mooncakes
A．Forty yuan. B．Twelve yuan. C．Twenty yuan.
聽下面一段對話，回答10-12小題。
10．How long will King be away on vacation
A．Four weeks. B．A couple of days. C．Three weeks.
11．Why will King take the vacation
A．To relax. B．To see her parents. C．To meet a friend.
12．Which country does King come from
A．China. B．America. C．Canada.
聽下面一段對話，回答13-16小題。
13．What is the woman doing
A．Chatting with her friend.
B．Taking part in a talk show.
C．Having a job interview (面試).
14．What is the woman experienced in
A．The marketing. B．Public relations. C．Paperwork.
15．How much does the woman expect for salary
A．5,000 yuan a month. B．6,000 yuan a month. C．7,000 yuan a month.
16．What can we learn about the woman
A．She is an undergraduate.
B．She needs improving before she is qualified for the position.
C．She has done some research on the company.
聽下面一段獨白，回答17-20小題。
17．When did the Kobe earthquake happen
A．At dawn on January 17th, 1995
B．At noon on January 17th, 1995
C．At dawn on January 17th, 1996
18．How many people died in the Kobe earthquake
A．75,000 . B．Nearly 310,000. C．More than 6,000.
19．Which of the following way is mentioned
A．Walls should be built to protect towns on the coast from large waves.
B．Emergency services should control all.
C．Lectures should be encouraged to arouse the public’s attention.
20．What is the major barrier (困難) in doing more to reduce the earthquake damage
A．Engineers do not have the knowledge.
B．Protection is too costly at present.
C．No one takes earthquakes seriously.
第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節，滿分60分）
第一節 （共15小題；每小題3分，滿分45分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
A
Make this summer truly memorable! We will offer your kids enriching and values-driven camp experiences!
Summer Gymnastics (Time: July 1 ~ August 16)
This is the perfect way for young athletes of all levels and backgrounds to stay active, learn new skills, and have fun. Led by experienced coaches, our gymnasts will have the opportunity to explore various gymnastics activities and exercises, including balance beam, bars, floor routines, and more. (Ages: 7 ~ 10; Full session: $ 5,810; Weekly: $ 865)
Summer Performing Arts (Time: July 8 ~ August 2)
The four-week Summer Performance Arts will feature classes in classical and modern dance, musical theatre (voice), and drama. Theater professionals in each discipline will share their experiences and skills to cultivate individual development and a passion for the arts. Campers will learn to produce a live show, and finish a student - led performance for the community at the JCCMW. (Ages: Ages 10 ; Full Session: $ 3,000; Weekly: $ 820)
Summer Dance Intensive (Time: July 8~August 2)
The SDI focuses on building a strong ballet foundation and exploring jazz, modern, musical theater, and contemporary dance with guest teachers from NYC． Students at the Summer Performing Arts Camp will get personalized dance training from professionals, ending with a summer showcase. (Ages: Ages 10 ; Full session: $ 3,000; Weekly: $ 800)
Summer STEAM Camp (Time: July 1~July 26)
Through hands-on activities and creative projects, children will discover the wonders of STEAM, from robotics to dinosaurs, and beyond! Watch their curiosity spark, creativity flourish, and knowledge expand in this special blend of learning and play. (Ages: 7 ~ 10; Full Session: $ 3,375; Weekly: $ 1,015)
21．In which camp will kids give a live show
A．Summer Gymnastics. B．Summer Performing Arts.
C．Summer Dance Intensive. D．Summer STEAM Camp.
22．What do we know about Summer Dance Intensive
A．It lasts for two months. B．It costs a kid 1,640 for two weeks.
C．It has classes that meet kids’ needs. D．It provides dance training for kids under 10.
23．In which column of a newspaper can this text probably be found
A．Science. B．Art. C．Advertisement. D．Travel.
B
I remember starting to stare at myself in the mirror when I was 16 years old. Before then, I would spend most of my free time walking and reading outdoors, watching television, or writing. Then, after I turned 16 I became increasingly aware of my appearance, especially my face. I started reading fashion magazines, and comparing my appearance to the models’ in the magazines. As a result, I found that my eyes were too small and close together, my nose too large, and my forehead too short. Also, though I was small, my legs looked out of proportion to (與……不成比例) the rest of my body.
Throughout college I was a good student, though I struggled with feelings of low self-confidence and a little depression. After college, I managed an art gallery in Boston and found it extremely stressful being on my own for the first time. I spent hours in the morning and evening staring at my face in the mirror and picking at my skin. At one point, the picking caused a small facial mark. I remember collapsing on a stairway later that day in tears, saddened by the terrible mark I had caused, convinced it would never go away.
Then, one day while waiting in line at a grocery store, a magazine cover caught my attention. On the cover I noticed an article titled “Hate your looks What it means when your mirror lies.” The title caught my attention because my friends and family members had always insisted I looked fine to them, which was opposite to what the mirror told me.
Inside the magazine was an article about body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) (身體畸形恐懼癥). The article described the symptoms, possible causes, and treatment for it. Also, I was happy to read that those with the disorder are often considered to be quite attractive, even while believing that they are ugly.
That article provided me with the information I needed. As a result, I referred myself for treatment. After being in clinical treatment for two years, my symptoms improved. My anxiety about my ugliness became manageable. I stopped staring at my face in the mirror for hours every day.
24．What do we know about the author when she was 16
A．She hated reading books. B．She hardly had much free time.
C．She enjoyed herself in many ways. D．She cared a lot about her appearance.
25．Why did the author fall down in tears
A．She had a bad performance at college.
B．She was worried about her facial mark.
C．She was hurt while slipping downstairs.
D．She felt stressed because of her business.
26．What is the article in the magazine mainly about
A．Your mirrors don’t lie. B．Information about BDD．
C．Ways to make yourself attractive. D．Friends and family can be a great help.
27．What did the author do after reading the article
A．She got clinical treatment. B．She asked her family for help.
C．She became a magazine model. D．She dealt with BDD on her own.
C
Traditional face-to-face bullying has been identified as a risk factor for bully victims during childhood and adolescence. However, the emergence of cyberbullying (網絡霸凌) indicates that some bullies have turned their attention to technology. Cyberbullies have the power to reach their targets at any time of the day or night.
The most common places where cyberbullying occurs are: social media like Facebook and TikTok, text messaging and messaging apps on mobile or tablet devices, chat rooms, and online gaming communities.
A survey of 23, 420 children and young people across Europe found that, although the vast majority were never cyberbullied, 5% were being cyberbullied more than once a week, 4% once or twice a month and 10% less often. Many studies indicate a significant overlap between traditional bullying and cyberbullying.
Research consistently identifies the consequences of bullying for the emotional health of children and young people. Victims experience lack of acceptance in their peer (同齡的) groups, which results in loneliness and social isolation (隔離). Young people’s consequent social loneliness is likely to lead to low self-respect and depression. Bullies too are at risk. They are at risk of a dependency on alcohol and drugs; like victims, they have an increased risk of depression.
The most fundamental way of dealing with cyberbullying is to attempt to prevent it in the first place. Parents play an important role in prevention by banning websites and setting age-appropriate limits of using the computer and Internet. Besides, young people are more likely to find it helpful to turn to peers. Peer leaders in school play a part in prevention of cyberbullying by creating bullying awareness in the school, establishing bullying intervention practices and encouraging students to behave actively as bystanders. Keep in mind the importance of dealing with bullying early before it becomes much more serious.
28．Which is a feature of cyberbullying
A．It’s less common. B．It’s easier to detect.
C．It can’t be solved. D．It occurs at any time.
29．What can we infer about cyberbullying from paragraph 4
A．Its consequence is hard to discover. B．It’s harmful to both the victim and the bully.
C．It affects children physically and mentally. D．It’s an unavoidable social phenomenon.
30．What is the percentage of adolescents cyberbullied at least once according to the study
A．5%. B．9%. C．14%. D．19%.
31．What is the main topic of the last paragraph
A．Cyberbullying practices online. B．The way to handle cyberbullying.
C．The seriousness of cyberbullying. D．Parents’ role in stopping cyberbullying.
D
Perhaps you have ever heard the saying: Change is the only constant. Everyone, without doubt, goes through changes in their life, whether it is a physical state of aging or a mental state of emotional maturity. However, some are afraid to make the conscious decision to move or they think it’s too late to have a fresh start.
I have a friend named Jack. At the age of 37, he is a Senior Manager at one of the Big Four. He has a great salary, owns his own apartment and enjoys the fine things in life, but not without the heavy burdens that his job brings. On the surface, it looks like he has got life figured out. Yet when I once asked if he was happy with his work, he answered that he sometimes wished to quit his job to do something less stressful. But he’d become accustomed to this lifestyle and felt that it would be too late to give it up to achieve a new ambition.
For him, the risks are too high, so whether he can’t abide his present job or not, he has to choose to suck it up. You might have come to a similar situation as Jack’s or you might be a Jack. You’re now facing a wall. No matter what it is—the stress of your job or the terrible feeling, it’s time that you had to decide whether you’ll tear down that wall or continue to let it enclose you. I suggest pushing back the boundaries and breaking the fixed patterns. Why do you feel it’s too late to start over That is simply because you’re comparing yourself with others — younger or more successful individuals. In fact, you should compare yourself with the older version of you.
Don’t become that person who lets life pass by only to regret it when you are making your way into old age. Don’t let your life plateau (停滯不前) and waste away in the daily chores. Don’t give up the potential you still have hidden and be locked away by your current state. Now, you’d better bravely start going after the things you want to do, without abandoning your dreams, ambitions and responsibilities.
32．What kind of people does Jack represent according to the author
A．Those leading a happy life. B．Those feeling trapped in current career.
C．Those longing to make a change. D．Those having a high ambition to work.
33．What does the underlined word “abide” in paragraph 3 mean
A．expand. B．deserve. C．possess. D．tolerate.
34．What does the author advise us not to do
A．Let life stand still. B．Enjoy the present job.
C．Have a small goal in life. D．Consider ourselves as a failure.
35．Which is the best title for the text
A．Everyone Can Meet a Jack B．Don’t Try to Control Yourself
C．Never Think Change Is Too Late D．You Should Make Alteration Earlier
第二節（共5小題：每小題3分, 滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文, 從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Life is busy. We’re always expected to be engaged, whether that’s with child-raising, household chores, or work. While taking time for small rewards can feel like a luxury (奢侈), the truth is that it is essential for improving our mental health. 36 It involves strategic planning. Here’s how to use it effectively in daily life.
Identify meaningful rewards. 37 So you are sure to choose treats that truly make you happy and contribute positively to your sense of well-being. This could be enjoying a cup of your favorite coffee, spending time on a hobby you love, or taking a brief walk outdoors. By choosing rewards that match your preferences, you can enhance your satisfaction and motivation in daily life.
38 Make sure your treats depend on completing particular tasks or reaching certain goals. Having a direct link between the goal or task and the treat gives you more support to engage in the behavior you’re aiming to achieve. This connection helps strengthen positive habits and motivates progress.
Practice moderation (適度). It would be nice to reward yourself for everything you do. 39 If you reward yourself too often, it becomes an expectation rather than a treat. Additionally, rewards shouldn’t lead to stress, like overspending on things that burden your budget.
Ensure your rewards are truly beneficial. Take a moment to reflect on what you’ve achieved. 40 If necessary, adjust your approach to strengthen your goals or tasks. Additionally, consider how these rewards contribute to your progress and motivation, helping you stay on track toward your goals.
A．Value little inspiring rewards.
B．Not all rewards are created equal.
C．Tie rewards to specific achievements.
D．Give yourself reward immediately you finish your work.
E．And evaluate whether your rewards are truly helping you.
F．However, it’s more effective to treat yourself occasionally.
G．Rewarding yourself is more than just enjoying random treats.
第三部分 語言運用（共兩節，滿分35分）
第一節 完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
When our son Bradley was ten, the new bicycle he had received earlier that year was missing. Having a bike was a big 41 to our children at that time. He couldn’t believe that someone would do this. 42 , none of the other bicycles were stolen.
Bradley painted a sign on a cardboard, 43 for the bicycle to be returned, and 44 it to the letterbox. The following morning, I found a white 45 with the magical words in the box, “Buy yourself a new bike.” It took me a little while to 46 that inside was a $100 banknote.
We were very 47 that someone had the heart to do this. We’ve never been able to 48 the person but we suspect that it may have been one of our wonderful neighbors. Bradley painted a big “Thank you” on the sign and we left it outside for a couple of weeks 49 it was someone who drove down our street.
Bradley was able to 50 a new bicycle. Now the kids have 51 and cars have replaced their bicycles. Sometimes I miss the days when 52 a bicycle was the best thing in the world to them.
All these years later we are still grateful to that incredibly kind 53 . A young boy’s sorrow turned to joy when he got his 54 . We were a young family with three little children and it meant a lot to us. We still talk about it and, even now, 55 who actually gave us the help.
41．A．change B．success C．deal D．plan
42．A．Luckily B．Normally C．Naturally D．Hopefully
43．A．begging B．looking C．paying D．caring
44．A．brought B．dropped C．moved D．tied
45．A．flag B．envelope C．notice D．board
46．A．realize B．worry C．manage D．dream
47．A．nervous B．touched C．disappointed D．calm
48．A．remember B．recognize C．thank D．understand
49．A．in case B．even though C．as if D．now that
50．A．own B．seek C．rent D．earn
51．A．worked out B．grown up C．turned up D．run out
52．A．providing B．receiving C．fixing D．discovering
53．A．guide B．host C．seller D．stranger
54．A．prize B．favor C．chance D．view
55．A．check B．wonder C．sense D．doubt
第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）
第二節 語法填空（共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
About three million people in the United States find they sometimes have a problem with stuttering (口吃), 56 causes them to repeat the beginning sound of words or whole words while they are speaking. At 57 (time), they even have difficulty 58 (say) a word. People who stutter know exactly what they would like to say but find it difficult to produce a normal flow of speech and communicate 59 others.
Arthur Blank is the 60 (own) of the Falcons, an American football team in Atlanta. He stutters. Other members of his family also stutter. Blank says, “Judging communication just by how fluent you are is not really enough. You need to learn more if you want to freely express 61 (you).” Last week, he gave the University of Texas System at Austin $20 million 62 (create) a new center for research and education into stuttering. It is 63 (call) the Arthur M.Blank Center for Stuttering Research and Education.
Courtney Byrd, a professor of speech, language and hearing sciences at the university, will lead the center. She says, “Our focus is on the person, not on the stuttering. We’re teaching 64 (variety) people as young as 3 years of age to adults over the age of 90, you can communicate 65 (efficient), and you can do so even if you continue to stutter.”
第四部分 書面表達（共25分）
讀后續寫（滿分25分）
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
The summer break had started. Bilal, a teenager, was excited to finally have the free time to play video games on his PlayStation and endlessly surf the internet on his phone. The digital world was his playground, a place where he could escape into adventures and challenges that kept him entertained for hours on end.
His parents were tired of always trying to stop him, constantly telling him that spending so much time online and on social media wasn’t good for his physical health. They worried about his eyesight and the lack of physical activity. But Bilal never listened. He was very addicted to the e-world. The appeal of virtual achievements and social interactions was too strong for him to resist.
One day, after getting fed up, his mother discussed Bilal with his grandparents. “Is there any way we can get him away from this internet world ” she asked, her voice filled with desperation.
His grandfather replied, “Yes, there is a way. I am planning to visit our village for a week. I am thinking of taking Bilal along. It will be a new experience for him to see a simple lifestyle. Besides, the internet signals are very bad there, so he won’t be able to stay online very often.”
His mother was happy to hear this. “That’s a very good idea,” she replied, hopeful that this could be the turning point for Bilal.
She excitedly went and shared it with Bilal, hoping he would be happy about going with his grandparents, but he refused, saying the trip would be boring without the internet. “How would I spend my days ” he complained.
Just then his grandmother entered the room and explained calmly to him that it would be an exciting trip. She spoke of the beauty of nature, the joy of community, and the simple pleasures of life away from screens. She told him stories of the village, of the stars at night and the fresh air that filled the lungs with life.
注意：
續寫詞數應為150個左右；
2．請按如下格式在答題紙的相應位置作答。
Two days later, Bilal’s grandparents started their journey.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________A week passed quickly and it was time for Bilat to go back home.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案
聽力
1-5 BBCAB
6-10 CBACC
11-15 BACAA
16-20 CACAB
閱讀理解：
21-25 BCCDB
26-30 BADBD
31-35 BBDAC
七選五：
36-40 GBCFE
完形填空
41-45 CAADB
46-50 ABCAA
51-55 BBDAB
語法填空
56.which 57.times 58.saying 59.with 60.owner
61.yourself/yourselves 62.creating 63.called 64.varied/various 65.efficiently
書面表達
讀后續寫參考答案
Two days later, Bilal’s grandparents started their journey. Bilal went along with them. After arriving at their old house, which was large and open, they had dinner with their relatives. The next morning. Bilal went to the fields, where the farmers greeted him warmly. Bilal wandered around the fields full of beautiful flowers and fruit trees. He explored the cotton fields, learning how farmers harvest the crops. He also participated in the work. Additionally, Bilal made friends with the village children and played outdoor games. He felt so interested in the new experience that he didn’t even miss playing video games.
A week passed quickly and it was time for Bilal to go back home. He didn’t want to leave because he had started enjoying the simple village life that brought him many new enriching experiences. His grandparents promised him that they would return to the place annually or during his extended school breaks. On the journey back, Bilal thought that coming to the village was the best thing that had happened to him. He had experienced a new lifestyle, enjoyed quality time, and made wonderful memories — all without the internet!
聽力文本
Text1
【原文】M: Have a nice Thanksgiving!
W: The same to you!
M: Are you going anywhere
W: I thought about going to my sister’s. How about you
M: Oh, I’ll probably just stay at home.
Text2
【原文】M: Thank you very much for the meal.
W: Not at all. I’m glad you could come.
M: You must come and have a meal with me sometime.
W: Yes, that would be nice.
Text3
【原文】M: This university is lucky to have a professor as good as Mr. Robert.
W: He’s one in a million.
Text4
【原文】M: Beautiful day, isn’t it
W: Yes, it’s not like what the radio said at all.
M: I wish it would stay this way for the weekend.
W: As long as it doesn’t snow!
Text5
【原文】M: Have you bought your books yet
W: I’ve got my English book, but the math and history books were sold out. We don’t have a book for our music course.
Text6
【原文】M: Hi. Are you new in this class
W: Yes, I am. I really don’t know anyone.
M: Did you just arrive in this country You look a little nervous.
W: No. I’ve been here since last semester, but I didn’t find out about this course in time. So I’m taking it this semester.
M: I took this course last semester, too. Now I am taking it again!
W: How is it Do you learn anything here Why are you taking it again
M: Wow, you have a lot of questions! I learned a lot. In fact, that’s why I am taking it again. I got lots of practice in speaking and also in writing. I’m sure you’ll be glad you took this course. I’ll even help you study if you like.
W: That’s just what I need. Thanks so much. You’ve been a big help already.
Text7
【原文】M: What can I do for you, madam
W: I’d like to buy two boxes of Chinese mooncakes.
M: All right. We have the Guangdong style and the Suzhou style. Which do you want
W: The Suzhou style.
M: OK. Anything else
W: Let me see. Ah, yes! I want some bananas.
M: Sorry, bananas are out of season now. But we have some good oranges. They are just in from the country.
W: Good. I’ll take these ten oranges. How much would that come to
M: Just a moment, please. Forty yuan for the mooncakes and seven yuan for the oranges. That’ll be forty-seven yuan in all.
W: Here you are, sir.
M: Thank you. Here’s your change.
W: Thank you. Goodbye.
Text8
【原文】W: Morning, Hunter.
M: Hi, King. What can I do for you
W: Well, I’m planning to have three weeks’ leave in January and I want to use my vacation days for this year.
M: Going abroad, I suppose
W: Yes, I want to go to see my parents in China.
M: Good idea. But it happened that Donald wanted to get away in January, too. And you can’t be away at the same time as Donald.
W: Why can’t we both go when we want
M: Because there must be someone to keep the work going.
W: I see. So when I’m away, Donald has to stand in for me.
M: Yes, and vice versa.
W: Well. You know, I have a good reason for choosing January.
M: What’s that
W: Because we celebrate the Spring Festival in January this year, and it’s our tradition to have a family reunion then.
M: All right. I’ll do my best to meet your request.
W: That’s very kind of you, Hunter. Thank you very much.
M: No problem.
Text 9
【原文】M: What is your working experience
W: I have worked for IBM for 3 years.
M: How will your experiences benefit this company
W: I know the marketing from top to bottom. I can develop a new market for you. That will increase your profit margin and keep the shareholders satisfied.
M: Are you aware of the aspects of this position and do you feel you are qualified
W: Yes, I understand my qualification and your needs by researching your company.
M: If you enter this company, which section would you like to work in
W: If possible, I’d like to be positioned in International Trade Department.
M: What starting salary do you expect
W: I’d like to start at 5,000 a month.
Text 10
【原文】
M: At dawn on January 17th, 1995, the city of Kobe was rocked by earthquake tremors. The worst tremors reach 7. 2 on the Richter scale. Kobe is Japan’s sixth largest city. It is also one of the world’s largest ports. Within minutes, Kobe was a disaster area.
How bad was the damage The earthquake was the worst to hit Japan in 72 years. There were more than 6,000 people dead. More than 35,000 were injured, and nearly 310,000 were left homeless. Some 75,000 buildings were damaged or destroyed. Total damage was estimated at $90 billion.
What did people learn from the Kobe earthquake What happened in Kobe suggests that the earthquake hazard was not taken seriously enough. Some people believe that more can be done to reduce the damage. They propose the following. More work should be put into quake-proof buildings. Walls should be built to protect towns on the coast from large waves. Providers of emergency services must be better trained and better prepared. Citizens must be better educated on what to do when an earthquake strikes.
The major barrier to doing more is cost. Japan finds itself trying to balance the cost against the risk of a strong earthquake.

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