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北京市豐臺區2024～2025學年度第二學期綜合練習（二）
高 三 英 語
2025. 05
本試卷共11頁，100分。考試時長90分鐘。考生務必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
筆試 共三部分（100分）
第一部分 知識運用（共兩節，30分）
第一節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
At 22, Clara Parker, full of artistic dreams, entered the art college. But soon, facing financial hardship, Clara had to quit school to find a 1 .
But opportunities were rare. Just when she was almost hopeless, she heard a local mine was hiring. 2 the tough, male-dominated environment, she applied and got the job, becoming the youngest and only female in the team. Her colleagues,
3 of her ability, started to whisper that she should leave. But Clara was determined. She spent her breaks studying the machinery manuals, asking the more experienced miners for advice. Gradually, she became 4 for the job.
Even in the midst of the exhausting mining work, Clara never let go of her 5
for art. During her short lunch breaks, she’d quickly draw the faces of her fellow miners, trying to 6 the tiredness and determination in their eyes. These sketches were an artistic outlet as well as a way for her to 7 with the people around her.
On weekends, using the limited paints she could afford, she’d create more elaborate paintings of the mine’s inside. Each stroke (筆畫) of the brush was a means by which she could 8 the experiences of the week and find meaning in the tough job. Clara’s art not only brought a touch of 9 to the otherwise depressing mining environment but also united the workers in a shared appreciation for her talent.
Now, Clara is a symbol of strength. While dreaming of returning to art school, she finds her hidden capabilities and resilience, proving unexpected journeys can inspire 10 .
A. project B. task C. way D. job
A. In contrast to B. Thanks to C. In spite of D. Apart from
A. doubtful B. certain C. aware D. proud
A. known B. qualified C. responsible D. grateful
A. concern B. appreciation C. respect D. passion
A. catch B. distinguish C. remove D. measure
A. joke B. compete C. connect D. trade
A. process B. explain C. escape D. compare
A. freedom B. wisdom C. humour D. beauty
A. acceptance B. growth C. honesty D. innovation
第二節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區域作答。
A
Huang Xuhua (1924.2-2025.2) was one of the 11 (quiet) yet most remarkable national heroes. During the early hard years, he 12 (conduct) research on China’s nuclear submarine all year round. For 30 years when he was even absent from family letters, he had made huge sacrifices. 13 (respect) widely, he was named the man who built the underwater Great Wall. His selfless dedication and outstanding contributions will always be remembered.
B
My mother is in hospital, 14 (battle) cancer. Every day, I make it a point
15 (visit) her and bring along a bunch of flowers. This morning was no different, but she got mad at me. She asked me not to spend money on flowers, insisting that I use it to help people in need. At that moment, 16 I witnessed was the beautiful way a mother’s love could ripple out into the world.
C
The Chinese solar calendar 17 (divide) the year into 24 solar terms. Grain in Ear (芒種), the ninth solar term, begins on June 5 this year. The 18 (arrive) of Grain in Ear signifies the ripening of crops. It is also a busy period for farmers. The system of 24 solar terms 19 (establish) thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. The culture remains useful today to direct people’s lives through special foods, cultural 20 (ceremony) and healthy living tips.
第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節，38分）
第一節（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
Mobility issues affect over 1 in 5 Americans. These individuals, and their loved ones, know how decreased mobility can result in loss of independence, pain and an increased risk of falls. They are often stuck at home, missing out on a variety of activities, in a bad cycle that reduces their quality of life. In the past, mobility devices like scooters (小型摩托車) and power chairs were too heavy and big to transport easily. Now, carbon fiber material invented for the aerospace program has been used to create the ultimate light mobility device. It’s called the Journey Air Elite—an innovation unlike anything else available today.
At only 26 pounds, the Journey Air Elite combines lightweight portability with world class performance. Its simple-to-use joystick (操縱桿) and powerful dual-motor (雙馬達) drive system enable you to zip around quickly and safely. It’s easy to move, never tips, fits easily through doorways, and can go right up to a table or desk. Once you are done, just one pull on the seat handle folds it up. The fold-down backrest makes it even easier to store and transport. It features flat-free tires and back anti-tippers for added convenience and safety.
Just imagine how this chair can improve your life and make it easier for loved ones and caregivers to accompany you to activities and events you would have missed in the past. Don’t spend another day stuck at home. Call today, and a helpful, knowledgeable consultant will help you get a Journey Air Elite of your very own. Don’t wait—call now!
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21. The Journey Air Elite fits people who ______.
A. enjoy outdoor activities
B. love aerospace exploration
C. need to carry heavy devices
D. have difficulty moving around
22. The Journey Air Elite has ______.
A. a dual-drive operation system
B. an easily foldable back seat handle
C. flat-free tires for speeding up quickly
D. special materials for a lightweight design
23. What is the main purpose of the text
A. To promote the sale of the Journey Air Elite.
B. To compare different types of mobility devices.
C. To outline the development of mobility devices.
D. To introduce the functions of the Journey Air Elite.
B
I grew up in a place stricken by extreme poverty. People struggled daily just to put food on the table. By the time I turned sixteen, my father’s hard work had paid off. He had over eight hundred students across three campuses, and finally, we could afford a TV.
That’s when I became fixated on the idea of owning a magic pencil, inspired by a TV series. The main character, Sanju, could draw anything he desired, and it would come to life. Despite being sixteen and knowing deep down that the magic pencil was nothing more than a fantasy for kids, a part of me still longed for it. At night, I dreamed of using it to transform the lives of those around me. But as the days passed, the pencil was never there.
One afternoon my mother asked me to throw away some potato peels and eggshells. I walked to the rubbish dump, wrinkling my nose as I got close. As I tossed our rubbish onto the heap, I saw a girl my age. She was sorting rubbish into piles, one for cans, one for bottles. Nearby, boys were fishing in the pile for metal using magnets on strings.
Later that day, I dragged my father to see the children at the dump. I posed a question about their absence from school. He shared that their earnings from gathering discarded (廢棄的) things sustained their families—schooling would leave their loved ones hungry. As we walked back home, I saw tears on his cheek.
Until then, I’d pinned all my hopes on some unseen, miraculous force to come along and wipe out the suffering in our world. Now I knew I would have to do something. As much as I wanted to help the children from the dump, my mother wanted to help everyone. She left the extra pot of rice and chicken for a poor family in our neighborhood. We shared our home with a family of seven who had fallen on hard times. And although my father’s school wasn’t really making a profit, he gave away more than a hundred free places in different grades to poor children. He wished he could have given away more.
Inspired by what my parents had done, I started volunteering at local community centers, helping children with their studies and organising food drives for families in need. Gradually, I realised that while a magic pencil might not exist, the power to make a difference lay within us. Together, we could create a kind of magic that was real and lasting.
24. The girl at the dump sorted rubbish into piles to .
A. collect items for personal DIY hobbies
B. support her family by selling recyclables
C. complete assignments on waste recycling
D. locate the necessities that could be reused
25. To help other people, the author’s family .
A. cooked special food for the poor
B. donated school profits to children
C. built free houses for the homeless
D. provided free education for children
26. What can we conclude from this passage
A. Real magic comes from kindness and effort.
B. Education has the power to transform lives.
C. Those doing good deeds deserve rewards.
D. Ending poverty requires joint efforts.
C
In economic theories, people are typically represented as analytical agents who learn from past experiences to optimise (優化) their performance, eventually reaching a stable state in which they know how to maximise their earnings. This assumption surprised Garnier Brun at cole Polytechnique in France because, as a physicist, he knew that interactions in nature—such as those between atoms—often result in chaos rather than stability.
To test whether economists are correct to assume that learning from the past can help people avoid chaos, Brun and his colleagues devised a mathematical model for a game featuring hundreds of simulated players. Each player can choose between two actions, like buying or selling a stock. They also interact with each other, and the players’ decision-making is influenced by what they have done before—meaning they are able to learn from experience. The researchers could adjust the precise extent to which a player’s past experiences influenced their subsequent decision-making. They could also control the interactions between the players to make them either cooperate or compete with each other more.
With all these control knobs available to them, Brun and his colleagues used methods from statistical physics to simulate different game situations on a computer. In some situations, the researchers expected that the game would always result in chaos, with players unable to learn how to optimise their performance. Economic theory would also suggest that, given the right set of parameters (參數), the players would settle into a stable state where they had mastered the game—but the researchers found this wasn’t really the case. The most likely outcome was a state that never settled.
Team member Jean Martin, also at cole Polytechnique, says that, in the absence of one centralised and all-knowing player who could coordinate everyone, regular players could only learn how to reach “satisficing” states. That is a level that satisfied minimum expectations, but not much more. Players gained more than they would have done by playing at random, so learning wasn’t useless, but they still gained less than they would have if past experience had allowed them to truly optimise their performance.
Martin says the game model is too simple to be immediately adopted for making real-world predictions, but she sees the study as a challenge to economists to drop many assumptions that currently go into theorising processes, like merchants choosing suppliers or banks setting interest rates. The finding could also be important for simulating processes like foraging decisions by animals or for some machine-learning applications, says Toby Galla at the Institute for Cross-Disciplinary Physics and Complex Systems in Spain.
27. According to the passage, what inspired Brun to carry out the study
A. The belief that chaos is a common outcome in natural systems.
B. The conflicts between economic theories and interactions in nature.
C. The similarities in interaction patterns between atoms and humans.
D. The inability of economic theories to predict individual behaviours.
28. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A. The research purpose. B. The research subjects.
C. The research methods. D. The research direction.
29. What can we infer from Martin’s words
A. The “satisficing” state is an ideal outcome for players in the game.
B. Players can reach optimal performance with enough past experiences.
C. Centralised control is essential for players to reach their full potential.
D. Learning from past experiences isn’t sufficient to maximise one’s gains.
30. What can be the best title of the passage
A. Economic Theories: Are They Reliable in Predicting Stability
B. Learning from Mistakes: The Key to Optimal Decision-Making.
C. A Mathematical Model: Breaking Economic Stability Assumptions.
D. Game Model Findings: Spreading Influence Across Multiple Disciplines.
D
In an era of big research, having confidence in scientists, individually or collectively, involves trade-offs. Science is ideally built on evidence, but in reality, for most people, it is based on trust. Scientific evidence is hard to access. Journals are difficult to get and their articles, written in specialised language, are only understandable to a few field experts. So, we trust experts’ results without being able to question them ourselves, believing that if needed, someone knowledgeable will.
Historically, the reputation of individual scientists has been important in facilitating the spread of scientific theories and discoveries. If a scientist is, or can appear to be, trustworthy, so might that scientist’s ideas.
This can lead to odd consequences. Recognisable scientists receive more credit and trust, while unrecognisable scientists often have their work overlooked. The history of science is filled with cases where basic papers written by relatively unknown scientists were neglected for years. Consider the case of Joseph Fourier, whose classic paper on the propagation of heat had to wait 13 years to be published.
Since recognisable scientists receive disproportionate (不成比例的) credit, their names become disproportionately associated with discoveries. Statistics professor Stephen Stigler formulated “Stigler’s law of eponymy” (斯蒂格勒命名法則), stating no scientific discovery is named after its original discoverer. For instance, Pythagoras wasn’t the first to discover the Pythagorean theorem, nor was Edwin Hubble the first to formulate Hubble’s law.
However, modern science operates differently. Large collaborative (合作的) projects often produce papers with hundreds of authors. The record for the number of authors on a single scientific paper is currently 5,154. Furthermore, an editorial board composed of project group members actually wrote the papers. The papers were then placed on an electronic bulletin board for criticism and comment by all. Some massive collaborative projects constantly maintain author lists of hundreds of names, which are automatically submitted on every publication.
If we can’t identify the thousands in big science projects or know their actual authors, who do we trust I’d say we trust “science” itself, regardless of the individual scientists’ integrity. We trust the organisations that are considered scientific. Any clickbait news articles with “Science Says” in the title show this shift from trusting individuals to trusting the scientific enterprise.
This shift to trusting “science” itself has risks. Misidentifying experts or trusting dishonest ones can abuse scientific credibility. A striking example is Merchants of Doubt, where experts hid truths about acid rain and global warming. Authorship, then, serves one last function, which in some cases only benefits the historian like me: accountability.
31. What is the passage mainly about
A. The moral issues in scientific authorship and accountability.
B. The role of individual scientists in modern scientific research.
C. The evolution of trust in science from individuals to enterprises.
D. The challenges of confirming scientific evidence in the digital age.
32. Why is “Stigler’s law of eponymy” mentioned
A. To justify an argument. B. To introduce an approach.
C. To challenge a convention. D. To evaluate an assumption.
33. According to the passage, the author may agree that ______.
A. modern science collaboration challenges the trust in individual scientists
B. the current trend of trusting science overlooks scientists’ sacrifices
C. authorship ought to be founded upon intellectual contributions
D. it is vital to identify the authors of large-scale science projects
34. What is the author’s attitude towards the shift to trusting science itself
A. Sympathetic. B. Cautious. C. Disapproving. D. Puzzled.
第二節（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）
根據短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Much smaller in size than the diameter of an average human hair, nanoplastics are invisible to the naked eye. Linked to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in people, nanoplastics continue to build up, largely unnoticed, in the world’s bodies of water. 35
Therefore, it is urgent to develop better ways to remove nanoplastics from water. However, the challenge remains to develop a cost-effective solution to get rid of nanoplastics while leaving clean water behind. 36 Recently, researchers created a cheap liquid-based solution that removes more than 98% of these microscopic plastic particles (顆粒) from water.
The innovative method uses water-resistant solvents (溶劑) made from natural ingredients. It not only offers a practical solution to the pressing issue of nanoplastic pollution but also paves the way for further research and development in advanced water purification technologies. The strategy uses a small amount of designer solvent to absorb plastic particles from a large volume of water. 37 Once mixed with water and allowed to reseparate, the solvent floats back to the surface, carrying the nanoplastics within its molecular structure. Currently, the capacity of the solvent is not well understood. 38 Additionally, they will explore methods to recycle the solvent, enabling their reuse multiple times if necessary.
39 The solvents are made from safe, non-toxic components, and their ability to resist water prevents additional pollution of water sources, making them a highly sustainable solution. From a scientific perspective, creating effective removal methods fosters innovation in filtration technologies, provides insights into nanomaterial behavior, and supports the development of informed environmental policies.
A. That’s where a new research comes in.
B. The cost of producing the solvent is still too high.
C. Previous methods failed to purify and recycle the small particles.
D. Initially, the solvent sits on the water’s surface the way oil floats on water.
E. In future work, researchers aim to determine the maximum capacity of the solvent.
F. The new method offers multiple advantages that are both practical and scientifically significant.
G. They can damage water ecosystems and enter the food chain, threatening wildlife
and humans.
第三部分 書面表達（共兩節，32分）
第一節（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）
閱讀下面短文，根據題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區域作答。
“You Only Live Once” (YOLO), a concept made popular in contemporary society through social media, conveys the desire to make the most of the present situation and cast aside all worries about the future. This mindset is considered to be the characteristic of today’s youth. However, do young people truly embody the YOLO mentality, or are they too concerned about planning their future to enjoy the present
Some young people do tend to be overly absorbed in future planning and miss out on the present, largely influenced by societal attitudes advocating the merits of working towards a life plan and future goal. In Asian societies, young people plan their futures carefully to ensure financial security for the latter half of their lives. This often means getting good education and jobs. So, many take extra classes, losing free time and hobbies. Their excessive (過度的) focus on academics, which neglects their personal nature, brings mental stress and stops them from following their passions.
Another factor driving young people to excessively plan for the future is the increasing number of world challenges. Natural disasters, conflicts, wars, and pandemics are increasing, making the job market unstable. Young people are now more pressured to consider their future in this changing world. As a result, they don’t enjoy their youth as they should. Research conducted by University College London shows over half of 16-25-year-olds are worried about their future, with 53% believing job prospects are worsening.
Nevertheless, it’s encouraging to see that more young people are stepping off the beaten path and embracing the YOLO philosophy. The future is uncertain, and it’s natural for young people to feel anxious. However, living in the moment and enjoying each experience is crucial. After all, isn’t life more about the journey than the destination
40. What mindset does YOLO convey
41. What are the two main factors that cause some young people to focus more on future planning
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
In order to find their passions in life, young people in Asia plan their futures carefully.
43. How do you understand the sentence “Life is more about the journey than the destination.” in the passage (In about 40 words)
第二節（20分）
假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華。你打算創建一個自媒體賬號 (self-media account)，向外國人介紹如何學習漢語。請給你的外國朋友Jim用英文寫一封郵件，內容包括：
1. 賬號的形式和內容；
2. 征求對方的意見。
注意：1. 詞數100左右；
2. 開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua北京市豐臺區2024～2025學年度第二學期綜合練習（二）
高三英語參考答案 2025.05
第一部分 知識運用（共兩節，30分）
第一節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D
6．A 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B
第二節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
quietest 12．was conducting/conducted 13．Respected
battling 15．to visit 16．what 17．divides
18．arrival 19．was established 20．ceremonies
第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節，38分）
第一節（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）
21．D 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．D
26．A 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．C
31．C 32．A 33．A 34．B
第二節（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）
35．G 36．A 37．D 38．E 39．F
第三部分 書面表達（共兩節，32分）
第一節（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）
40. It conveys the desire to make the most of the present situation and cast aside all worries about the future.
41. The two main reasons are societal attitudes (advocating the merits of working towards a life plan and future goal /that advocate working towards a life plan and future goal) and the increasing number of world challenges.
42. In order to find their passions in life, young people in Asia plan their futures carefully.
In Asia, young people plan their futures carefully to ensure financial security for the latter half of their lives.
43. 略。
第二節（20分）
Dear Jim，
I hope this email finds you well. I’m excited to share that I plan to create a self-media account to help foreigners learn Chinese, and I’d love to hear your thoughts!
The account will feature short videos, posts, and interactive live sessions. I plan to use posts or visuals to illustrates how different characters developed over time. I might also share some short videos to demonstrate tones and role-play conversations, making the learning process both engaging and effective. Plus, I’ll hold live Q&A sessions occasionally to help foreign friends solve problems they encounter while learning.
Since you’ve been learning Chinese, your input would be invaluable. What topics interest you most Also, I’d love to hear your advice on the best formats to present the content and any unique cultural angles that might be overlooked.
Looking forward to your suggestions!
Best wishes,
Li Hua
1

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