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【暑期自練】 專題05 定語從句--2024年初升高英語暑假專題提升（全國通用）
一、單項選擇
1．Our English teacher recommended us a reference book whose content was detailed and well-organized. 請判斷劃線部分的句子成分：________
A．object (賓語) B．attributive (定語) C．adverbial (狀語) D．complement (補語)
2．The girl gave us a wonderful performance yesterday is my best friend.
A．which B．who C．whom D．what
3．I received a letter from my pen pal yesterday, ___________ was full of exciting news about her recent trip to Europe.
A．which B．that C．what D．it
4．__________is reported, vaccination is an effective way to prevent diseases.
A．What B．It C．As D．That
5．The man ______ wants to see you is waiting for you at the school gate.
A．who B．which C．whom D．whose
6．We are living in an information age ________ many things can be done on the Internet.
A．when B．where C．that D．which
7．The museum____________ we visited last week has a famous collection of ancient paintings.
A．who B．which C．where D．when
8．The reason ______ I have to go is ______ my mother is ill in bed.
A．why; why B．why; because C．why; that D．that; because
9．The reason ______ she explained to me for her absence was ______ she got stuck in the traffic jam.
A．that; that B．why; because C．why; that D．that; because
10．Only by changing the way ________ we treat the wildlife ________ with the nature in harmony.
A．how; can we exist B．which; we can exist
C．that; can we exist D．where; we can exist
11．That land, ________ you get your strength is the only thing ________ matters.
A．from which; / B．which; that C．where; which D．from which; that
12．The course normally attracts about 100 students per year, ______ up to half will be from abroad.
A．who B．of which C．whom D．of whom
13．I will never forget the days ________ we spent together and ________ we made friends with some farmers.
A．when; that B．that; that C．that; when D．which; which
14．Most players of the basketball team, _______ had tried their best to play the game, were sleeping soundly.
A．which B．whom C．who D．that
15．The only system I know ________will help you remember________you have heard at a lecture is the system of keeping notes.
A．that, that B．which, that C．that, what D．which, what
16．In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
A．its B．that C．whose D．which
17．The only thing ______ bothered Chris was that his boss never replied to his email.
A．which B．that C．it D．how
18．Kate, ______ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
A．whom B．that C．whose D．her
19．Newton is known as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses, who stood at the point in history ______ magic ended and science began.
A．when B．as C．which D．where
20．Many young people, most of ______ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
A．them B．whom C．who D．that
21．The town ______ we visited last month is the one _______ the famous artist was born.
A．where; which B．where; where C．that; which D．that; where
22．Is this college _____ they went to last year Is this the university ____ you visited last time
A．that, the one B．which, where C．the one, which D．the one, what
23．It was in the hall ____we used to have meetings_____ the meeting was held.
A．that, where B．where, that C．that, that D．where, where
24．Written Chinese has become a vital means _________ the present is connected with the past.
A．in which B．with which C．by which D．of which
25．We are in a situation ________ we have to accept the fact that we have lost the game.
A．when B．how C．where D．why
26．The house, which has become a tourist attraction, ________ windows were broken, was built 200 years ago.
A．which B．that C．where D．whose
27．The students are hard-working, all of ________ wish to enter top universities.
A．whom B．them C．who D．whose
28．The man profession is an editor lives next to us in the same community.
A．his B．whom C．who D．whose
29．Was it in the room ________ Mr. Johnson lived ________ the exhibition was held
A．that; that B．where; that C．where; where D．that; where
30．The bakery at my father worked a few years ago is not far from here.
A．which B．that C．where D．what
二、語法填空
31．During exam time we have a special programme tells students the things they should do. (連詞) （用適當的詞填空）
32．The film is the first one I saw this year. (用適當的詞填空)
33．You are the very student I’m looking for. (用適當的詞填空)
34．The girl likes reading is my sister. (用適當的詞填空)
35．Do you know the girl (stand)under the tree leaves are red (所給詞的適當形式填空)
36． is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. (用適當的詞填空)
37．The boy and the dog are in the picture are very lovely. (用適當的詞填空)
38．My parents like to live in a town there is plenty of sunshine. (用適當的詞填空)
39．A typhoon is an extremely strong wind often happens on the Western Pacific Ocean. (用適當的詞填空)
40．You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in a house can burn up as it burns down. (用適當的詞填空)
41．The paintings that are created by the artist has a unique style are much appealing and expressive than the ones that are simply copied from others. (用適當的詞填空)
42．The only book I have read recently is about the history of science. (用適當的詞填空)
43．It is about (explore) new technologies and (amaze) by the achievements of the scientists dedicated themselves to the development of the country and strove for the progress of humankind. (所給詞的適當形式填空)
三、翻譯
44．建議信是寫給遇到問題但不知道如何解決問題的人的。(定語從句)(漢譯英)
___________________________________________________________________________________
45．畢業后, 她到了需要決定做什么的階段。(where)(漢譯英)
46．老師在課堂上問的問題讓我感到很困惑。（漢譯英）
47．那是女孩受歧視的時代。(a time when……)(漢譯英)
48．青少年經常會陷入一種難辨是非的局面。（a situation where）（漢譯英）
49．這位激勵了許多學生的老師分享了她是如何平衡職業和個人生活的。(定語從句; 賓語從句)(漢譯英)
50．正如報道的那樣，吸煙者的數量僅在一年之內就下降了17%。（as引導非限制性定語從句）(漢譯英)
51．一群青少年設計了一款健康飲食應用程序，旨在幫助那些渴望以健康方式減肥的人。(whose)(漢譯英)
52．事實上，許多畢業生確實找到了與他們夢想不同的工作。(be different from)(漢譯英)
53．He didn’t know he’d soon get the chance that he’d been waiting for. （英譯漢）
54．虛擬現實(Virtual Reality)技術可用于創造身臨其境的(immersive)體驗，比數字媒體技術更先進。(定語從句) (漢譯英)
55．博物館關乎展示豐富的歷史文物，舉辦各種能傳播知識的文化活動。(定語從句)(漢譯英)
56．據統計，至少十分之六的城市存在交通擁堵(congestion)問題，其中有三分之一的城市擁堵狀況在高峰時段極為嚴重。(非限制性定語從句)(漢譯英)
57．父母應該創造一個環境，讓孩子們感到安全。（where引導定語從句）(漢譯英)
58．你可能遇上一種情況, 使你不得不立刻做出決定。（定語從句）（漢譯英）
59．對埃及人來說, 綠色代表著春天的希望和喜悅。（stand for）（漢譯英）
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《【暑期自練】 專題05 定語從句--2024年初升高英語暑假專題提升（全國通用）》參考答案
題號 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B B A C A A B C A C
題號 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 D D C C C C B C D B
題號 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 D C B C C D A D B A
1．B
【詳解】考查句子成分。句意：我們的英語老師給我們推薦了一本參考書，內容詳細，組織有序。劃線部分是whose引導的定語從句，修飾名詞book。故選B。
2．B
【解析】略
3．A
【解析】略
4．C
【解析】略
5．A
【解析】略
6．A
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我們生活在一個信息時代，很多事情都可以在互聯網上完成。空格處引導的是限制性定語從句，從句中不缺主語或賓語，先行詞age是時代，因此用關系副詞when引導定語從句，故選A。
7．B
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我們上周參觀的博物館有一批著名的古畫。該空需要一個關系詞引導定語從句修飾名詞museum，代替先行詞在從句中作主語，應用關系代詞which或that。故選B項。
8．C
【詳解】考查定語從句和表語從句。句意：我必須去的原因是我媽媽病在床上。第一空引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞The reason，關系詞在從句中作原因狀語，應用關系副詞why引導；第二空引導名詞性從句作is的表語，表語從句的成分和語義均完整，應用只起連接作用、無實意的that引導。固定句型the reason why… is that…表示“……的原因是……”。故選C。
9．A
【詳解】考查定語從句和表語從句。句意：她向我解釋她缺席的原因是她遇到了交通堵塞。“______ she explained to me for her absence”為限制性定語從句修飾先行詞The reason，設空處指代先行詞在從句中作explained的賓語，先行詞the reason指的是事物，所以第一空使用關系代詞that/which ；第二空為連接詞引導的表語從句，從句中句意完整，且不缺少成分，所以此處使用連接詞that，主語為the reason時，不能使用because引導表語從句。故選A。
10．C
【詳解】考查定語從句和倒裝句。句意：只有改變我們對待野生動物的方式，我們才能與自然和諧相處。第一空引導定語從句，先行詞是way，關系詞在從句中作方式狀語，應用that或in which引導；本句是“only+介詞短語”置于句首，句子使用部分倒裝，因此，第二空應把助動詞can提到句首。故選C。
11．D
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：那片土地，你從中獲得力量，是唯一重要的東西。一空處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞That land指物，從句中有固定搭配：get sth. from意為“從……得到某物”，缺少介詞from，所以應該用from which引導從句，二空處引導定語從句，先行詞是the only thing，關系詞替代先行詞在從句中作主語，當先行詞有only修飾時，只能用that引導。故選D項。
12．D
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這門課程通常每年吸引大約100名學生，其中多達一半來自國外。空格處引導非限制性定語從句，對先行詞students進行限定說明，空格處表達的應該是“這些學生中多大一半”，即up to half of the students，在定語從句中，應該用關系代詞whom代替先行詞students作介詞of的賓語，且of whom可以提前。故選D項。
13．C
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我永遠不會忘記我們在一起度過的日子，當我們和一些農民交朋友的時候。第一空為引導定語從句的關系詞，先行詞為名詞the days，指物，關系詞在從句中作spent的賓語，因此用that或者which；第二個空格處也為定語從句的關系詞，先行詞為days，在句子中作狀語，表示時間，所以用關系副詞when。故選C。
14．C
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：籃球隊的大多數隊員，他們已經盡了最大的努力去打比賽，他們都睡得很香。空處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是players，指人，關系詞在從句中作主語，應用關系代詞who引導。故選C。
15．C
【詳解】考查定語從句，賓語從句。句意：我所知道的唯一能幫助你記住在講座中聽到的內容的系統是記筆記的系統。第一個空，這里需要一個關系代詞引導定語從句，修飾“the only system”。由于“system”是物，且從句中缺少主語，因此用“that”；第二個空，這里需要一個連接代詞引導賓語從句，作“remember”的賓語。由于從句中缺少賓語，且表示“你所聽到的內容”，因此用“what”。故選C。
16．C
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：1963年，聯合國成立了世界糧食計劃署，其目的之一就是緩解世界范圍內的饑荒。此處是“介詞短語+關系代詞”引導的非限制性定語從句，先行詞是the World Food Programme，關系詞在從句中作定語，應用關系代詞whose，故選C。
17．B
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：唯一讓克里斯感到困擾的是，他的老板從未回復過他的電子郵件。空處引導定語從句“______ bothered Chris”，修飾先行詞thing，指物，且在從句中作主語，先行詞thing前有The only修飾，只能用關系代詞that引導。故選B。
18．C
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：凱特已經去澳大利亞工作了，在我們上大學的時候，我和她的姐姐同住一個房間。空處引導非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞Kate，關系詞指代先行詞Kate并在從句中作定語，即“凱特的姐姐”，應用關系代詞whose引導從句。故選C。
19．D
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：牛頓被認為是一位天才的科學家，但也有人類的弱點，他站在歷史上魔法終結，科學開始的地方。空處引導定語從句，先行詞是the point，空處關系詞指代先行詞在從句中作地點狀語，用關系副詞where引導。故選D項。
20．B
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：許多年輕人前往偏遠地區追逐他們的夢想，他們中的大多數人都受過良好的教育。本空引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是Many young people，指人，關系詞代替先行詞在從句中作介詞of的賓語，介詞后不能用that，who也不能用在介詞之后，them不能引導從句，所以應用關系代詞 whom。故選B。
21．D
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我們上個月參觀的那個小鎮就是這位著名藝術家出生的地方。第一空，空處引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞The town，指物，關系詞在從句中作賓語，應用關系代詞that/which引導從句；第二空，空處引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞the one，指代The town，指地點，關系詞在從句中作地點狀語，應用關系副詞where引導從句。故選D項。
22．C
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這是他們去年上的那所大學嗎？這就是你上次參觀的那所大學嗎？第一句中，this college 是主語，句子缺少表語，the one可在句中作表語，相當于the college，引導詞在從句中作賓語，可省略，所以第一個空填 the one；第二句中，the university 是先行詞，在從句中作visited的賓語，關系代詞可用which或that，也可省略，所以第二個空填 which。故選C。
23．B
【詳解】考查強調句型和定語從句。句意：這次會議是在我們過去開會的大廳里舉行的。分析句子可知，該句第一空為關系詞引導的定語從句，對先行詞the hall的修飾，先行詞“the hall”，在定語從句中作地點狀語成分，所以引導詞用“where”；該句第二空為It was…that…的強調句型，被強調部分為in the hall where we used to have meetings，為強調句子的狀語成分。故選B項。
24．C
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：漢語書面語已經成了一種連接現在與過去的重要手段。此處是“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句，先行詞means指物，means與by連用。故填C。
25．C
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我們現在的處境是我們必須接受輸掉比賽的事實。situation是先行詞，在定語從句中作地點狀語，因此使用關系副詞where引導定語從句。故選C項。
26．D
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這所房子已經成為一個旅游景點，是200年前建造的,它的窗戶被打破了。此處需要關系詞引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞為the house，在從句中作定語,關系代詞為whose。故選D。
27．A
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這些學生都很努力，他們都希望進入頂尖大學。“all of ________ wish to enter top universities”是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞為the students，空處引導定語從句，指代先行詞the students，指人，并在從句中作介詞of的賓語，應用whom引導從句。故選A。
28．D
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：那個以編輯為職業的人住在我們同一個社區的隔壁。______profession is an editor是定語從句，修飾先行詞the man，且關系詞在從句中作定語，修飾profession，應用whose引導定語從句，故選D。
29．B
【詳解】考查強調句和定語從句。句意：展覽是在約翰遜先生住的那個房間舉行的嗎？第一空為定語從句修飾先行詞room，關系詞在從句作地點狀語，故用where引導；第二句為一般疑問句的強調句型：Is/Was it+被強調部分+that/who+其它部分 ，被強調部分為in the room ________ Mr. Johnson lived，故用that。故選B。
30．A
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我父親幾年前工作過的那家面包店離這里不遠。空格處引導限制性定語從句，對先行詞bakery進行限定說明，先行詞在從句中作worked at的賓語，且介詞at提到關系代詞前，所以只能用關系代詞which代替先行詞在從句中作賓語。故選A項。
31．that/which
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：在考試期間，我們有一個特別的節目，告訴學生他們應該做的事情。設空處引導限制性定語從句，先行詞a special programme，指物，關系詞替代先行詞在從句中作主語成分，所以為關系代詞that/which引導。故填that/which。
32．that
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這是我今年看的第一部電影。空處引導定語從句，先行詞是one，關系詞在從句中作賓語，且先行詞前有序數詞修飾，應用關系代詞that引導，故填that。
33．that
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：你就是我要找的那個學生。設空處引導定語從句，先行詞為the student，同時先行詞前有the very進行限定，引導詞在從句中作賓語，關系代詞只能用that，故空格處應填that。
34．who/that
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：喜歡閱讀的那個女孩是我的妹妹。設空處引導定語從句，先行詞為The girl，引導詞在從句中作主語，故應用關系代詞that或who引導。故填that/who。
35． standing whose
【解析】
36．As
【解析】略
37．that
【解析】略
38．where
【詳解】考查定語從句引導詞。句意：我的父母喜歡住在一個陽光充足的小鎮。分析句子結構可知，空格處引導定語從句，先行詞為town，在從句中作地點狀語，即“在這個小鎮里有充足陽光”，所以應用關系副詞where引導該從句。故填where。
39．that/which
【詳解】考查定語從句引導詞。句意：臺風是一種極強的風，經常發生在西太平洋。分析句子結構可知，空格處引導定語從句，先行詞為wind，指物，且從句中缺少主語，因此應用關系代詞that或which引導該從句。故填that/which。
40．which
【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：你也不得不感嘆一種語言的獨特瘋狂之處，在這種語言中，一所房子在“burns down(燒毀)”時，也可以說它“burns up(燒盡)”。空處引導定語從句，為“介詞 + 關系詞”引導的定語從句，先行詞為language，指物，在定語從句中作介詞in的賓語，需用關系代詞which引導。故填which。
41． who/ that more
【解析】略
42．that
【解析】略
43． exploring being amazed who/ that
【解析】略
44．A letter of advice is written to someone who has a problem and does not know how to solve it.
【解析】
45．After her graduation, she reached a stage where she needed to decide what to do.
【解析】略
46．The questions the teacher asked in class made me feel confused.
【詳解】考查定語從句、時態和形容詞。表示“老師在課堂上問的問題”用“the questions the teacher asked in class”，其中“the teacher asked in class”為省略了關系代詞that/which的定語從句，修飾先行詞“the questions”；表示“讓某人做某事”用“make sb. do sth.”，根據句意可知，句子描述的是過去發生的事情，故用一般過去時，謂語動詞用過去式“made”；表示“我”用“me”，作賓語；表示“感到很困惑”用“feel confused”，其中“confused”為形容詞，意為“感到困惑的”，作表語。故翻譯為The questions the teacher asked in class made me feel confused.
47．It was a time when girls were looked down upon.
【解析】略
48．Teenagers often get into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong/ tell right from wrong.
【解析】略
49．The teacher who inspired many students shared how she managed to balance her professional and personal life.
【解析】略
50．As is reported, the number of smokers has dropped by17% in just one year.
【解析】略
51．A group of teenagers designed a healthy eating app whose purpose is to help those eager to lose weight in a healthy way.
【解析】略
52．In fact, many graduates do get the job that is different from what they dreamed about.
【解析】略
53．他不知道他將要得到他等待已久的機會。
【詳解】考查賓語從句和定語從句。“He didn’t know”表示“他不知道”，后跟賓語從句“he’d soon get the chance”，意為“他很快會得到機會”，即“他不知道他將要得到機會”；“that he’d been waiting for”為定語從句，修飾先行詞“chance”，表示“他等待已久的機會”。故全句譯為：他不知道他將要得到他等待已久的機會。
54．Virtual Reality Technology which/ that can be used to create immersive experiences is more advanced than Digital Media Technology.
【解析】略
55．Museums are about displaying rich historical relics and holding various cultural activities which/ that can spread knowledge.
【解析】略
56．According to the statistics, at least six out of ten cities have traffic congestion problems, of which one third have extremely serious congestion during peak hours.
【解析】略
57．Parents are supposed to create an environment where children feel safe.
【解析】略
58．You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.
【解析】略
59．To the Egyptians, green is a colour which stands for hope and joy of spring.
【解析】略
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