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高一下學期英語期末復習練習
第一部分 閱讀（共兩節）
第一節、閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
A
Scientists play a crucial role in advancing technology and improving our quality of life. Consider the work of Marie Curie, who discovered radium and polonium, opening up new frontiers in the field of radioactivity and laying the foundation for modern nuclear medicine. Her research has led to the development of life-saving treatments and diagnostic (診斷的) tools that have benefited countless patients.
Another remarkable scientist is Albert Einstein. His theory of relativity changed our understanding of the universe, challenging conventional wisdom and inspiring countless subsequent studies in physics. This has not only deepened our knowledge of the cosmos but also led to technological advancements such as GPS navigation, which relies on the principles of relativity for correct positioning.
Isaac Newton’s laws of motion and universal gravitation provided a framework for understanding the physical world and paved the way for modern engineering and aerospace technology. The applications of his theories are obvious in everything from the construction of buildings to the launch of satellites.
Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection transformed our understanding of the diversity of life on Earth. It has had far-reaching implications in fields such as genetics, ecology, and conservation biology, guiding our efforts to protect and preserve the natural world.
Nikola Tesla’s contributions to electrical engineering, particularly in the development of alternating current (交流電), have powered our modern world. Without his innovations, our reliance on electricity for lighting, communication, and countless other applications would be severely limited.
1. Who discovered radium and polonium
A. Albert Einstein. B. Isaac Newton.
C. Marie Curie. D. Charles Darwin.
2. Which of the following is a major and biggest difference between Albert Einstein and Isaac Newton
A. The field of science they mainly contributed to. B. Their nationality.
C. The century in which they did their research. D. Their educational background.
3. Which of the following is a common feature shared by all the scientists mentioned
A. They all made their discoveries in the 20th century.
B. They were all from the same country.
C. They all faced significant opposition to their work during their lifetimes.
DThey all had a deep and lasting impact on the advancement of science and human knowledge.
B
At 65, Bryony Harris took out her pension (退休金) and signed up for a psychotherapy (心理治療) course. “I’m happy that I used my pension to train for a new career,” she says. Now, at 74, she has a successful psychotherapy practice in Fredrikstad, Norway. “I just knew it was the right time, and I felt equipped to do it. It was the very best thing I ever did for myself.”
The four-year course was on the coast of Denmark. To get there, Harris drove for five hours through southern Norway. “It always felt like coming home,” she says. Her experience was transformative (具有轉折性的). Practising psychotherapy, she says, “helps me to understand the word ‘calling’.”
And yet Harris has had many careers over the decades. At university in Kingston upon Thames, London, she trained as an architect, and then, worked as one “for short and long periods” while raising four children. Next came a period as a photographer on a community arts project, then teaching photography. “The world offered more possibilities than I had ever realised,” Harris says. She regards these moves as gradual shifts (轉換) rather than reinvention. “I have never made a decision such as ‘I’m going to stop doing that and do something else.’ It’s always been a gentle progression.”
Years ago, she and her husband had a dream to open a shop specialising in books about folklore, mythology and tradition. The shop, in Hatherleigh, Devon, is “where the idea of therapy came into my mind. Because in a small independent bookshop, people open up and talk.” Harris also says that her “therapy side was hiding in the background” when she taught photography. In her 40s, she had a short period of counselling (咨詢). She no longer recalls exactly why, but it must have had an impact because when she turned 60, she wrote letters “to people who had been hugely influential in my life.” She searched for her former counsellor, but unfortunately couldn’t find him.
Harris has a can-do spirit. The best psychotherapy course was in Denmark, so first she had to learn Danish. “I really love a good challenge. Sometimes you can feel very stuck, but that is how I have lived my life,” she says.
When she was a child, Harris’s parents liked moving. She had nine homes before she went to university. “Now, I have no desire to uproot myself.” Her flat looks out over a river, and she has lived there longer than she has lived anywhere else. Each week brings fresh calls to her practice.
4. What did Harris think of the psychotherapy course
A. The journey to it was tiring. B. It helped her make friends.
C. She could hardly afford it. D. It made her feel at ease.
5. What do we know about Harris’s past careers
A. They were all abandoned for family reasons.
B. They led her to find her true calling.
C. They made her very important.
D. They all proved to be a failure.
6. What inspired Harris to take up psychotherapy as a career
A. Readers’ willingness to communicate in the bookshop.
B. Her talk with her husband about medical specialists.
C. Chats with her students in photography classes.
D. Her successful experience as a counsellor.
7. What can we infer about Harris from the text
A. She acts as her parents did.
B. She lives her life to the fullest.
C. She speaks Danish as her native language.
D. She has returned to the place where she was born.
C
“The news is ... there is no news.” With those words, outside St Mary’s Hospital in London awaiting the birth of Prince George in July 2013, my reporting for the BBC went viral on the Internet. Not for what I was saying but the way I was saying it. The helpless look. The depressed tone. Viewers could relate to me. Because they are human. And so am I.
Fedha is not human. Yes, the fair-haired woman looks human. This week she was introduced as the first presenter in Kuwait who works by artificial intelligence. “What kind of news do you prefer Let's hear your opinions,” she says in Arabic. AI newsreaders actually never make a cock-up of their jobs. They can skip the mispronunciations, the complaints over foundation colours in makeup, and even the stresses over too-weak hairspray.
To examine the problems that may come with an AI newsreader, I thought I would turn the tables and ask Genie — the chatbot powered by ChatGPT. “They may struggle with delivering the news in a way that is appealing to viewers,” Genie says. I get that. As far as delivering the news is concerned, the face and voice behind it matters.
My ChatGPT friend also tells me that there are concerns about the potential for AI newsreaders to be used to spread false information, as they may not be able to determine the correctness of a story’s source. Not just in the delivery of news, but in its content. AI is already involved in the spread of “untrue news” — and that will only get worse. At a time when trust in news providers is reducing, the next few years threaten to be very challenging if that trust is to be regained.
One of the main concerns about AI newsreaders is that they lack the human touch and emotion. I have delivered some of the biggest stories. Whether it be an air attack or the death of a major figure, it's not just the words that matter. You need to look and sound right. An AI newsreader cannot convey (傳達) a reaction to a breaking story.
8. How did viewers react according to paragraph 1
A. They found the reporting confusing.
B. They felt excited about the reporting.
C. They considered the author unprofessional.
D. They knew the author’s thoughts and feelings.
9. What does the underlined part “make a cock-up of” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Talk about. B. Make a fool of.
C. Keep an eye on. D. Mess up.
10. What does Genie think of AI newsreaders
A. They may deliver misleading news.
B. They can locate the source of a news story.
C. They interact with viewers in an improper way.
D. They wear the same facial expressions as humans.
11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To voice his doubt about AI newsreaders.
B. To share his experience of being a reporter.
C. To introduce an AI newsreader called Fedha.
D. To show ChatGPT's impact on news reporting.
D
Is there a single word that motivates us more than “weekend”？ It's like the promise of a sweet holiday following what seems like long time exhaustion. It's the spring in our step that gets bouncier with each passing day—until by Friday, we're practically bumping our heads against the ceiling.
The trouble is that the weekend is a rip off. You think you're getting 48 hours of unconditional downtime, but reality takes a discount. In fact, it takes most of Sunday. That's when anxiety comes creeping in and another countdown begins: 12 hours until Monday. Sure, the weekend is free time. But the mounting stress of an incoming Monday can ease any joy you might get from a Sunday evening.
That feeling is so common among the Monday to Friday crowd that there's even more than one name for it: the Sunday Scaries, or Sunday Fear Syndrome. Going from a countdown to the weekend to a countdown to Monday can be difficult. Even —a website that specializes in binding humans to the Monday to Friday cycle—admits it's a problem. In a survey, Monster found that 76% of Americans have “really had” Sunday night blues.
For most people, Sunday is no holiday at all. It may all come down to the same problem: We can't stop thinking about tomorrow. Even worse, we may develop some downright unhealthy coping strategies for that transition from weekends to Monday. Some might resist—staying up late, milking every minute of a fleeting Sunday in the form of mind numbing distractions.
But why should Monday cast such a long and fearful shadow on our lives Maybe it's because the counter is reset and the weekend, or happiness, seems at furthest point. If, like most of us, you have a tolerable job, but don't much like the whole idea of working, there are plenty of ways to make Mondays a little less stressful. Most importantly, don't leave any unsettled Friday business hanging over the weekend. So, clear the decks and tie up loose ends.
12. What do we know about the weekend in Paragraph 2
A. It is hard earned. B. It doesn't bring joy as expected.
C. It adds to people's anxiety and stress. D. It provides good time to relax.
13. Why does the writer mention in the text
A. To clarify a question. B. To show its popularity.
C. To provide an illustration. D. To support his idea.
14. What does the writer think of the way most people spend the weekend
A. Tolerant. B. Conservative. C. Unwise. D. Practical.
15. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.. Why Monday Casts a Fearful Shadow on Our Lives
B. Why People Are Stressed Out on Fridays
C. Why Monday Takes a Bite out of Sunday
D. Why a Countdown to the Weekend Is Difficult
第二節、閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Do you really want to spend your life looking at you phone
Most time-consuming apps are invented to appeal to us. ____16______ These apps are part of the “attention economy”, where our awareness and data about what we are likely to concentrate on rather than goods or services are being sold.
And we are in fact, the product operated into giving our most valuable attention away for free. ____17______ Instead, advertisers are.
App designers draw on users by imitating techniques used by gacha (游戲抽卡), which are widely considered to be some of the most addictive online games ever to be invented. Gacha is devised to trigger the release of dopamine. The latter is a neurotransmitter in our brains that records when behaviour is worth repeating and motivates us to taste it one more time.
The tricky thing about our dopamine systems is that they are non-discriminatory. ____18______ We may be inspired to recount that behaviour, whichever is good for us. like exercise, or harmful, like wasting an hour scrolling on TikTok.
In fact, our smartphones and apps are wrapped with considerable dopamine triggers (誘因). Glowing colours are one of them. ____19______ The more often online activities trigger the release of dopamine, the more likely it is for those leisure entertainments to become a habit or even an addiction.
Rewards are also influential triggers. Some of the most common rewards on our phones come as social affirmation, such as a thumbs-up or a comment on a post. This is why apps such as social media, the news, email, games and shopping are so effortless to lose time on. ____20______ So, if we don’t recognize, don’t consciously fight back, we can be easily conditioned to seek out dopamine hits from our mobile devices like lab rats trained to press a lever to get food.
A, So are novel video clips and various live-streaming with melodies.
B. They’re the ones with the most dopamine triggers on our bright screen.
C. There are many reasons that we are attached to our phones.
D. This is how their creators make a profit from the click and usage ratio.
E. Suppose specific behaviour sets off the release of dopamine.
F. We only experience what we pay attention to.
G. We are not the actual customers of these apps.
第二部分 語言運用（共兩節）
第一節、閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
Community ovens are a centuries-old tradition worldwide. There are actually records going back to the 12th century when home ovens were not ____21____. The community ovens were places where people chatted together while their food was ____22____.
Fast forward to today, Brickyard Bakery has ____23____ the unique approach. It ____24____ to bake cakes for customers and provides them with a warm place to stay while their cakes, which ____25____ take four or more hours to bake, are in the oven. It’s reported that due to the increasing cost of fuel, many individuals cannot ____26____ to leave their ovens on that long.
Owner Ed Hamilton-Trewhitt told the BBC, “We’ve ____27____ the idea of a community oven from ancient times. People can ____28____ their cake base (胚) at home. But ____29____ being baked in their own ovens, it can be _____30_____ to our bakery for a large amount of baking.”
“It struck me that if one was _____31_____ about the energy costs of baking the Christmas cake, there would be lots more out there _____32_____ the same situation,” he added. “In the big picture, it costs me so little but makes a massive _____33_____. ”
The response to this attempt has been so _____34_____ that Hamilton-Trewhitt has provided the _____35_____ until right before Christmas. After all, that’s what being a good neighbor is all about.
21. A. reliable B. available C. safe D. useful
22A. saved B. shared C. displayed D. cooked
23. A. witnessed B. suggested C. adopted D. advertised
24. A. offers B. fails C. declines D. happens
25. A. exactly B. hardly C. typically D. occasionally
26. A. afford B. wait C. fear D. refuse
27. A. challenged B. explained C. removed D. reintroduced
28. A. bake B. prepare C. cut D. enjoy
29. A. instead of B. regardless of C. due to D. as for
30. A. returned B. delivered C. sold D. lent
31. A. excited B. curious C. upset D. certain
32. A. accustomed to B. devoted to C. satisfied with D. faced with
33. A. difference B. profit C. decision D. development
34. A. direct B. positive C. complex D. timely
35. A. food B. fuel C. recipe D. service
第二節、閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Chinese farmers observed a special festival on Sept 23, 2023. 36 (know) as the Chinese Farmer’s Harvest Festival, this event happens every year on the autumn equinox(秋分). It’s a time 37 (honor) the hard work of farmers and celebrate their achievements. It also highlights the important role that farmers 38 (play) in the past three decades.
As 39 country with a large population, China considers solving the food security issue as a top priority(頭等大事). Over the last decade, the country’s grain production has consistently(持續地) increased, 40 (enable) China to provide help for other countries and regions. On the global scale, China has put more effort than any other country, 41 helps developing countries to work with each other. Other countries’ 42 (recognize) of China’s agricultural development can be summarized in two points. First, they respect China’s ability to address 43 (it) own food security. Second, they treat China as their “true friends”, because China has made great contributions 44 global food security.
Food insecurity is 45 (basic) caused by imbalanced development worldwide. On this matter, actions speak louder than words.
第三部分 寫作（共兩節）
第一節
46. 假定你是李華，校英文報組織了“我所做的一頓飯”的征文活動，請你寫一篇文章投稿，內容包括：
（1）這頓飯的內容、過程；（2）選擇描寫這頓飯的理由。
注意：（1）寫作詞數應為80左右；
（2）請在答題卡的相應位置作答。
The Meal I Cooked
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二節
47. 閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
If there was one thing more than another that Brenda wanted for her birthday, it was a pair of skates. How she hoped her parents would give her a pair!
In vain (徒勞) her mother explained that Brenda might not learn to use them as easily as other children, and that she might fall many times and perhaps hurt herself before she could skate properly. Brenda wanted skates and that was that. She thought about skates all day and dreamed about skates all night. She pictured herself skating to school and home, skating to the stores for Mother, and skating all over the yard.
Her birthday came at last, and with it the precious package which she had been eager for. Before she opened it, she guessed there were skates inside. And there were — beautiful new shiny skates. Just her size, too. Brenda was on cloud nine. She felt she had never been so happy in all her life.
And now it was time to practice with them. Hardly was breakfast over when she was out on the smooth concrete(水泥地).“At last,”she thought,“I am going to skate! Hooray!”
Excitedly she put on her precious pairs of skates and eagerly she stood up. But only for a moment. Suddenly, to her great surprise, away went both her feet from under her. Down she went. Brenda stood up again. But hardly had she put one foot forward, when the other started running backward, and down she went again. This really hurt, and Brenda felt very much like crying. Slowly she got up once more despite the pain and started to walk with great care. But before she knew what was going on, she was sitting on the concrete again. She felt very sad, tears filling her eyes. All her hopes of skating to school and town like the other girls disappeared. She began to wish she had never asked for skates for her birthday. She cried, taking off the skates from her feet and throwing them inside the back door.
注意：
1. 續寫詞數應為150左右；
Mother saw all this and asked Brenda what was wrong.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Slowly Brenda put on the skates, got up and tried again.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:
第一部分 第一節
CAD DBAB DDAA BDCA
第二節
DGEAB
第二部分 語言運用
第一節
BDCAC ADBAB CDABD
第二節
36. Known 37. to honor 38. have played 39. a 40. enabling
41. which 42. recognition 43. its 44. to 45. basically

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