資源簡(jiǎn)介

核心詞匯 1．barely adv．剛好；僅僅，勉強(qiáng)可能；幾乎不；剛才 2．worthwhile adj．值得花時(shí)間(或花錢(qián)、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的 3．suspect vt．& vi．疑有，覺(jué)得n．嫌疑犯，可疑對(duì)象 4．principle n．道德原則；法則；信條　　　　 5．resign vt．& vi．辭職，辭去 6．superb adj．極佳的，卓越的，質(zhì)量極高的 7．wrinkle n．皺紋；褶皺，皺痕vt．& vi．(使臉上)起皺紋，皺起 8．pause vi．停頓，暫停n．停頓，停頓的時(shí)間 9．pretend vi．& vt．假裝；裝扮，扮作；自詡，自認(rèn)為 10．likewise adv．同樣地；也，而且 11．deadline n．最后期限，截止日期 12．virtue n．美德；正直的品性；優(yōu)點(diǎn) 13．organic adj．有機(jī)的，統(tǒng)一的；綠色的，不使用化肥的；生物的 14．bonus n．意外收獲；獎(jiǎng)金，紅利 15．harvest n．收成，收獲量；收獲季節(jié)，收割vt．& vi．收割，捕獵
閱讀詞匯 1．jaw n．下巴；頜 2．core adj．核心的；最重要的 n．核心，最重要的部分 3．substantial adj．大量的，價(jià)值巨大的；結(jié)實(shí)的，牢固的 4．integrity n．誠(chéng)實(shí)正直；完整，完好 5．starfish n．海星，星魚(yú) 6．quote n．引語(yǔ)vt．& vi．引用，引述；舉例說(shuō)明 7．a(chǎn)rrest n．& vt．逮捕，拘捕 8．mineral n．礦物，礦物質(zhì) 9．phase n．階段，時(shí)期 10．garbage n．垃圾；廢話(huà)
拓展詞匯 1．innocent adj．無(wú)辜的，清白的，無(wú)罪的；天真無(wú)邪的，純真的 n．無(wú)辜者，單純的人→innocence n．天真；清白 2．forgive vt．& vi．原諒，寬恕；免除(債務(wù))→forgiveness n．寬恕 3．a(chǎn)ppoint vt．約定，指定，確定→appointment n．約定，約會(huì)；任命，委任；職務(wù) 4．rely vi．依靠，依賴(lài)→reliable adj．可信賴(lài)的，可依靠的；真實(shí)可信的，可靠的 5．crime n．罪行，犯罪行為→criminal n．罪犯 adj．犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的 6．legal adj．合法的；法律的→illegal adj．非法的；違法的→illegally adv．違法地 7．social adj．社會(huì)的→socialist adj．社會(huì)主義的 n．社會(huì)主義者→socialism n．社會(huì)主義 8．photograph n．照片 vt．拍照 →photographer n．?dāng)z影師，拍照者 9．guilt n．內(nèi)疚；犯罪；有罪→guilty adj．感到內(nèi)疚的，感到慚愧的；有罪的，有過(guò)失的 10．shame n．羞恥，慚愧；讓人遺憾的事→ashamed adj．慚愧，羞愧，尷尬→shameful adj．可恥的 11．disappoint vt．使失望→disappointed adj．失望的，沮喪的→disappointing adj．令人失望的→disappointment n．失望 12．guide vt．指導(dǎo)；導(dǎo)航 n．向?qū)А鷊uidance n．指導(dǎo)；導(dǎo)航 13．discourage vt．使灰心；勸阻→discouraged adj．灰心的→courage n．勇氣→encourage vt．鼓勵(lì)→encouragement n．鼓勵(lì) 14．mercy n．仁慈，寬恕→ merciless adj．殘忍的；無(wú)情的→merciful adj．寬大的；仁慈的；慈悲的
高頻短語(yǔ) 1．tear down 拆毀，拆除　　　　　　 2．make one's fortune 發(fā)財(cái) 3．lose contact 失去聯(lián)系 4．a(chǎn)rm in arm 臂挽著臂 5．under arrest 被逮捕 6．a(chǎn)t the mercy of sb．/sth．任……處置，對(duì)……無(wú)能為力 7．weigh on sb．/sth．使焦慮不安，加重……的思想負(fù)擔(dān) 8．two decades ago 二十年前 9．turn up 露面 10．pull out 掏出，拽出 11．take charge of負(fù)責(zé)；控制，掌管 12．have a chat with sb．和某人聊天 13．make contributions to 對(duì)……做出貢獻(xiàn) 14．set aside 擱置；留出
句型公式 1．There used to be a restaurant where this store stands—“Big Joe”Brady's restaurant．(where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句) 這家商店所在的位置曾經(jīng)是一家餐館——“大喬”布雷迪餐館。 2．Always give your best in whatever you set out to do，however difficult that might be．(however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句) 無(wú)論你開(kāi)始做什么，無(wú)論多么困難，都要全力以赴。 3．Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow．[祈使句＋andthen/orelse/otherwise＋簡(jiǎn)單句] 今天播下成功的種子，明天就會(huì)收獲豐碩的成果。
I'm a policeman on the beat．One cold night，I arrived at a darkened store，1．where“Big Joe”Brady's restaurant used to be．In the doorway leant a man 2．looking (look) about 40 years old．I went over to him．He responded 3．quickly (quick)，saying that he was waiting for a friend to come for an appointment made twenty years ago．While we were talking，he struck a match and 4．lit (light) his cigar．Then I was able to see a pale face，with keen eyes，a square jaw and a small scar near his right eyebrow．Instantly I recognized him：my best friend Bob，a 5．wanted (want) criminal as well!
I stared at his smiling face and 6．memories (memory) came flooding back．Bob used to be a decent and reliable young man．Two decades ago he decided 7．to shoulder (shoulder) the burden of caring for his family．So he left for the West，hoping to make his fortune there．Gradually we lost contact，but I could barely allow myself to imagine he was earning money 8．in ways that were not legal!
I walked away without revealing 9．who I was，and then I asked a plain-clothes policeman to arrest Bob．It was a difficult 10．decision (decide)，but I stuck to my principles anyhow．
1．worthwhile adj．值得花時(shí)間(或花錢(qián)、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的
①I(mǎi) think that it is worthwhile to be/being (be) a volunteer and I'm writing to give you my warm welcome．
②I think it is worth your (you) while taking the trouble to explain the job fully to the new employees．
　讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之感悟升華
我們一致認(rèn)為，向窮人傳遞善意和溫暖是值得的，尤其是在這個(gè)令人害怕的日子里。
We all agreed that it was worthwhile to spread/spreading kindness and warmth to the poor，especially at this chilling day．
◎It is worthwhile doing/to do sth．做某事是值得的。
◎It is worth one's while doing/to do sth．值得某人做某事。
◎I highly recommend visiting this exhibition．Come on！It is worth your while to see the exhibition．
我強(qiáng)烈推薦參觀這個(gè)展覽。來(lái)吧！這個(gè)展覽值得你看一看。
2．suspect vt．& vi．疑有，覺(jué)得 n．嫌疑犯，可疑對(duì)象
①(人教版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)Unit 1)Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame．
②Police have asked residents to keep an eye out for anything suspicious (suspect)．
③These seven villagers were suspected of having (have) links with several extremist groups．
　讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之神態(tài)描寫(xiě)
當(dāng)我們開(kāi)始竊竊私語(yǔ)時(shí)，她皺起了眉頭，向我們投來(lái)懷疑的目光。
When we started whispering together，she frowned and cast a suspicious look at us/looked at us suspiciously．
◎suspect sb．of (doing) sth．懷疑某人有……罪/做了某事
◎suspect that...懷疑……
◎be suspicious of/about 懷疑……；對(duì)……起疑心
◎Hearing my words，David said，“I suspect that kids from other schools would laugh at me，because I am an exception．”
聽(tīng)到我的話(huà)，大衛(wèi)說(shuō)：“我覺(jué)得其他學(xué)校的孩子會(huì)嘲笑我，因?yàn)槲沂莻€(gè)例外。”
3．forgive vt．& vi．原諒，寬恕；免除(債務(wù))
①I(mǎi)f we develop a forgiving nature，we'll also receive forgiveness from others．(forgive)
②Considering he is a green hand，we should forgive him for making such mistakes．
　讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之動(dòng)作描寫(xiě)
我妹妹弄壞了我的電腦，好幾天我都對(duì)她有點(diǎn)兒生氣，但最終媽媽說(shuō)服我不計(jì)前嫌。
When my sister broke my computer，I was kind of angry at her for days，but my mother finally convinced me to forgive and forget．
◎forgive sb．for (doing) sth．原諒某人做了某事
◎forgive one's doing sth．原諒某人做了某事
◎forgive and forget 不計(jì)前嫌；既往不咎
◎(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness．
同樣重要的是給予你自己一些原諒。
4．pretend vi．& vt．假裝；裝扮，扮作；自詡，自認(rèn)為
①(外研版選擇性必修第三冊(cè)Unit 1)People who pretend to be (be) someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves．
②Kate pretended to be smiling (smile) all the time，but she was afraid to look at him in the eye．
③Jacy pretended to have learned (learn) about the whole thing，expecting us to tell the truth．
　應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之建議信
我真的希望你能調(diào)整你的情緒，不要每天都假裝很開(kāi)心。
I really hope you can adjust your emotions and don't pretend to be happy every day．
◎pretend to do/to be doing/to have done sth．假裝做/正在做/做過(guò)某事
◎pretend to be...假裝是……；裝扮成……
◎pretend that...假裝……
◎She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn't exist．
她決定記住她的班級(jí)在哪里，然后假裝其他地方不存在。
5．mercy n．仁慈，寬恕
①(外研版選擇性必修第三冊(cè)Unit 1)Esmeralda hears his call for water，and steps forwards out of mercy．
②The past decade has witnessed that animals are being killed and become extinct due to merciless (mercy) human activities．
③When he was taken to hospital，his injuries were so severe that death would be a merciful (mercy) release．
　讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之場(chǎng)景描寫(xiě)
那女人凍得發(fā)抖，在孤寂泥濘的道路上艱難前行，無(wú)情的雨水狠狠地?fù)舸蛑纳碥|。
The woman，trembling with cold，was struggling on the lonely，muddy road while the merciless rain kept beating her hard．
◎show mercy to sb．(＝show sb．mercy) 同情或憐憫某人
◎out of mercy出于同情
◎without mercy毫不留情地；殘忍地
◎at the mercy of sb．/sth．任……處置，對(duì)……無(wú)能為力；任由……擺布
◎After some thinking，my mother said in a soft voice that we should protect his self-esteem rather than punish him without mercy．
媽媽想了想，輕聲說(shuō)，我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)他的自尊，而不是毫不留情地懲罰他。
6．[教材原句]There used to be a restaurant where this store stands—“Big Joe”Brady's restaurant．這家商店所在的位置曾經(jīng)是一家餐館——“大喬”布雷迪餐館。
①(外研版選擇性必修第三冊(cè)Unit 2)He found inspiration where others could not，in simple，everyday scenes，such as a man buying oranges at the local grocery store...
②Where there are Chinese people，there is mobile payment．
③There used to be a small village where the two rivers join，which was completely destroyed by an earthquake years ago．
　應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之介紹信
在我看來(lái)，這有點(diǎn)類(lèi)似于“有志者事竟成”的說(shuō)法。
In my view，it is sort of similar to the saying—where there is a will，there is a way．
◎where可以引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，此時(shí)的where大體相當(dāng)于in/at the place where，所以不可像引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的where那樣換成in/at which等。where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句一般放在主句之后，但在一些諺語(yǔ)中或表示抽象意義的句子中，常把地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句放在主句之前。
◎(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use．
護(hù)理院的工作人員報(bào)告說(shuō)，在使用母雞的地方，藥物的使用有所減少。
7．[教材原句]Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow．今天播下成功的種子，明天就會(huì)收獲豐碩的成果。
①(北師大版選擇性必修第三冊(cè)Unit 7)Keep doing this，and you can become an expert or a specialist in something one day．
②Know more words and expressions and you will find (find) it easier to read and communicate．
　讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之主旨升華
早上浪費(fèi)一小時(shí)，你將花費(fèi)余下的一整天來(lái)補(bǔ)償。(一日之計(jì)在于晨。)
Lose one hour in the morning，and you will be looking for it the rest of the day．
◎“祈使句＋andthen/orelse/otherwise＋簡(jiǎn)單句”結(jié)構(gòu)中祈使句表示條件，可轉(zhuǎn)換為if條件狀語(yǔ)從句，譯為“如果……，就會(huì)/否則就會(huì)……”。有時(shí)候，祈使句也可用一個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)替代。
◎“Just give a try，and we all will be proud of you no matter what the result is．”I tried to convince him．
“試一試吧，不管結(jié)果如何，我們都會(huì)為你感到驕傲。”我試圖說(shuō)服他。
Ⅰ．單句語(yǔ)法填空
1．I always feel ashamed (shame) to see some improper behaviors，such as littering and scribbling．
2．The child looks very simple，with a childlike innocence shining out of her beautiful and innocent eyes．(innocent)
3．Cheating destroys self-respect，leaving the cheater guilty (guilt) and afraid of getting caught．
4．The disappointing result of the exam disappointed him greatly，and he couldn't hide his disappointment．(disappoint)
5．It was the teacher's detailed guidance and excellent teaching that guided us in the right direction toward final success．(guide)
6．Whenever you make appointments with others，make sure you have understood all the details and try to get there a few minutes before the appointed time．(appoint)
7．I think your friend Li Ming is reliable，and you may rely on it that he can offer you a hand whenever you're in trouble．(rely)
8．At first，I always felt discouraged for my failure to adapt to the new environment，but my head teacher encouraged me and gave me much courage．(courage)
Ⅱ．一詞多義/熟詞生義
1．a(chǎn)rrest
A．吸引　B．逮捕　C．阻止
(1)It was a policeman who came to arrest him and put him into prison for destroying the shop window． 　B　
(2)It enjoys wide popularity，so there's no doubt it will arrest the audiences'attention once you start to sing． 　A　
(3)The sufferer may have to make major changes in his or her life to arrest the disease． 　C　
2．cheat
A．欺騙　B．消磨　C．作弊
(1)From the first time students take an examination，they are told not to cheat． 　C　
(2)Because of their lack of social experience，they are more easily cheated by others． 　A　
(3)He regretted that he cheated those precious time in university． 　B　
3．(2023·浙江1月卷)Sitting on a branch，he inched towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive． 　A　
A．vi．謹(jǐn)慎移動(dòng)　　　　　　　B．n．英寸
C．n．短距離
4．(2022·浙江1月卷) The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list． 　A　
A．好處，優(yōu)點(diǎn)　　　　　　　　B．獎(jiǎng)金，紅利　　　　C．意外收獲
5．My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree． 　A　
A．使固定　　　　　　　　　　B．拋錨　　　　　　　C．主持
Ⅲ．寫(xiě)作遷移
1．我很榮幸能站在這里發(fā)表關(guān)于成為聰明的在線(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)者的演講。(it作形式主語(yǔ)，privilege)
It is a privilege for me to stand here to deliver a speech on being smart online learners．
2．這本參考書(shū)值得你購(gòu)買(mǎi)，因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)你的學(xué)習(xí)很有幫助。(worthwhile)
It is worthwhile buying/to buy the reference book，because it is helpful for your study．
3．我們大多數(shù)人最終會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于一個(gè)我們或其他人需要幫助的情況下。(where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)
Most of us will eventually find ourselves in a situation where we or someone else needs help．
假如你是新華中學(xué)高三年級(jí)的學(xué)生李華，本月你校校報(bào)的英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)欄正在舉辦以“Be a Student with Dreams and Responsibilities”為主題的征文活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1．你的理想；2．發(fā)出倡議。
　寫(xiě)作微練
①隨著中國(guó)的快速發(fā)展，我們年輕人應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持我們的夢(mèng)想，肩負(fù)起我們的責(zé)任。(stick to；shoulder)
With the rapid development of China，we，youngsters，should stick to our dreams and shoulder our responsibilities．
②至于我，我一直夢(mèng)想著讓這個(gè)世界變得更好。(as for)
As for me，I always dream to better this world．
③我努力精通西方和東方文化。它讓我傳播中國(guó)文化。(be good at)
I try to be good at Western and Eastern cultures．It allows me to spread Chinese culture．
④我將盡我的一份力量，使我們的國(guó)家更加強(qiáng)大、美麗。(do one's part)
I will do my part to make our country more powerful and beautiful．
⑤我真誠(chéng)地呼吁每一個(gè)學(xué)生不遺余力地去實(shí)現(xiàn)中國(guó)夢(mèng)。(appeal to)
I sincerely appeal to every student to spare no effort to realize the Chinese Dream．
⑥只有我們年輕一代努力奮斗，我們的國(guó)家才能興旺發(fā)達(dá)。(thrive)
Our nation will thrive only when we young generations strive．
　句式升級(jí)
⑦用which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句升級(jí)句③
I try to be good at Western and Eastern cultures，which allows me to spread Chinese culture．
⑧用倒裝句升級(jí)句⑥
Only when we young generations strive will our nation thrive．
　妙筆成篇
Be a Student with Dreams and Responsibilities
With the rapid development of China，we，youngsters，should stick to our dreams and shoulder our responsibilities．
As for me，I always dream to better this world．I try to be good at Western and Eastern cultures，which allows me to spread Chinese culture．Additionally，I will do my part to make our country more powerful and beautiful．
I sincerely appeal to every student to spare no effort to realize the Chinese Dream．Only when we young generations strive will our nation thrive．
　語(yǔ)料積累
教材語(yǔ)料 亮詞 rejoice；embrace
美句 1．“Thanks，Granny！”I said，smiling． 2．Grandma smiled back happily at me，with deep wrinkles around her eyes．
拓展語(yǔ)料 單詞 laugh v．笑；laughter n．笑，笑聲；roar v．放聲大笑；beam v．笑容滿(mǎn)面；sneer at 嘲笑；譏笑；mock v．嘲笑；(模仿)嘲弄
語(yǔ)塊 burst out laughing 突然大笑；burst into laughter 突然大笑起來(lái)；laugh out loud 大聲笑；crack up 哈哈大笑；choke with laughter 笑得喘不過(guò)氣；can't help laughing 禁不住笑；laugh uncontrollably 無(wú)法自控地笑；laugh at 嘲笑；laugh one's head off 大笑不止；laugh up one's sleeve 竊笑；laugh in one's face 當(dāng)面嘲笑；have a good laugh 開(kāi)懷大笑
句型 1．A good laugh can brighten even the darkest day． 開(kāi)懷大笑甚至可以照亮最黑暗的日子。 2．Laughter is the universal language that brings people together． 笑聲是一種通用的語(yǔ)言，能把人們團(tuán)結(jié)在一起。 3．Laughter is the best therapy for a weary soul． 對(duì)于疲憊的靈魂來(lái)說(shuō)，笑聲是最好的治療。 4．Laughter that lingers is a memory that lasts． 揮之不去的笑聲是持久的記憶。 5．A heart filled with laughter is a heart filled with love． 充滿(mǎn)笑聲的心是充滿(mǎn)愛(ài)的心。 6．Laughter is the passport to a good time． 笑聲是享受美好時(shí)光的通行證。
　語(yǔ)料運(yùn)用
①當(dāng)我說(shuō)媽媽不讓我?guī)直頃r(shí)，他們突然大笑起來(lái)。
When I said my mother couldn't let me bring the watch，they burst into laughter．
②“真會(huì)編故事！”克勞利冷笑著說(shuō)。
“What a story！”Crawley said with a sneer．
③其他人甚至笑得喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)。
The others even choked with laughter．
④我差點(diǎn)兒哭了出來(lái)，但我別無(wú)選擇，只能用笑來(lái)消除這種尷尬，因?yàn)檫@是我年輕生命中最悲傷的時(shí)刻。
I nearly wept，but I had no choice but to laugh away the awkwardness，for it was the saddest moment of my young life．
⑤當(dāng)我靜靜地坐在書(shū)桌前時(shí)，一種奇怪的感覺(jué)悄悄襲來(lái)。
As I sat quietly at my desk，a strange feeling stole over me．
⑥我所能想到的就是祖父的話(huà)：“耐心和努力。”
All I could think of was my grandfather's words，“Patience and hard work．”
課時(shí)數(shù)智作業(yè)(四十一)
Ⅰ．閱讀理解
A 篇(限時(shí)6分鐘)
(2024·安徽合肥三模)
China has constructed more than 20 new museums since 2012．Here are some of the best．
Shanghai Astronomy Museum
Launched in 2021，Shanghai Astronomy Museum is reportedly the world's largest astronomy museum，covering more than 630，000 square feet．
In its three main sections—Home，Universe，and Journey—visitors can see 150 interactive exhibits．They can also watch videos of the vast universe in a huge dome theater with an 8K screen，which helps visitors to have a multi-sensory journey for space exploration．
Chengdu Science Fiction Museum
Located on a lake and opened to the public on October 13，2023，the roughly 635，000-square-foot museum explains Chengdu's status as the national center of science fiction writing．It was in this mountain-surrounded city that China's most popular science fiction magazine，Science Fiction World，was first published in 1979．
Beijing Sound Art Museum
For a decade，local artist Colin Chinnery regularly walked the streets of China's capital，recording traditional sounds that are gradually disappearing from this modernizing city．Now，the museum has cataloged hundreds of his audio recordings of Beijing's evolving soundscape—from the calls of street hawkers (商販) to pigeon whistles blown in parks．Opened on May 20，2023，it's located in Songzhuang Art District of Tongzhou，in Beijing's eastern suburbs．
Suzhou Imperial Bricks Museum
Opened to the public on May 18，2016，it is China's first museum to display bricks for the royal families during the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368－1911)．The museum was built close to the brick kiln (窯) to show the complex brick-making process．
The kiln is still in use today．Bricks produced with traditional technologies have been used in restoration projects of heritage buildings，such as the Summer Palace in Beijing and the Puji Temple in Zhejiang Province．
In the exhibition hall，visitors can explore the brick-making process through various cultural relics and interactive games．
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)近十年來(lái)新建的四個(gè)博物館。
1．What can visitors do in the huge theater of Shanghai Astronomy Museum？(　　)
A．Play interactive video games．
B．Watch high-definition videos．
C．Attend multi-sensory exhibits．
D．Scan the universe with telescopes．
B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Shanghai Astronomy Museum部分中的“They can also watch videos of the vast universe in a huge dome theater with an 8K screen”可知，參觀者可以在該劇院觀看高清視頻。故選B。]
2．When was Science Fiction World first published？(　　)
A．In 2021．　　　　　　　 B．In 2016．
C．In 2012． D．In 1979．
D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Chengdu Science Fiction Museum部分中的“It was in this mountain-surrounded city that China's most popular science fiction magazine，Science Fiction World，was first published in 1979．”可知，《科幻世界》于1979年首次發(fā)行。故選D。]
3．What do the last two museums have in common？(　　)
A．They preserve the past．
B．They show high technologies．
C．They explain the royal lives．
D．They present personal artworks．
A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Beijing Sound Art Museum部分中的“Now，the museum has cataloged hundreds of his audio recordings of Beijing's evolving soundscape—from the calls of street hawkers to pigeon whistles blown in parks．”及Suzhou Imperial Bricks Museum部分中的“Opened to the public on May 18，2016，it is China's first museum to display bricks for the royal families during the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368－1911)．”可知，這兩個(gè)博物館都保存著過(guò)去的事情。故選A。]
B 篇(限時(shí)7分鐘)
(2024·湖南長(zhǎng)沙模擬)
There are a lot of good and logical reasons not to say what you think，especially when others disagree．Offending people isn't nice，and it can lead to social consequences．Nodding along might seem practical or charitable，despite the fact that you are screaming disagreement on the inside．However，the true act of charity is to say what you really think．Your committing to complete honesty can be an act of love．
One of my friends takes honesty to the extreme．He calls talks with others that get to the complete truth of things，even difficult admissions in views，“l(fā)ove conversations”．Once two people have such a conversation，his theory goes，they can understand each other and act accordingly．As a philosophical matter，my friend's belief of“l(fā)ove conversations”is Kantian．The German philosopher Kant argued that lying to others prevents them from making choices based on the truth，which is contradictory with friendship and love．
In the 1990s，Brad Blanton argued when the truth is hard to accept，telling it can have costs，including social disapproval and broken relationships．But it is worth the consequences because it can reduce stress，deepen connections with others，and reduce emotional reactivity．
Both sides can't be right here．Either Kant，Blanton，and my friend are embracing a faulty theory，or our society is missing a big opportunity for moral growth．You might say that little white lies are a social lubricant (潤(rùn)滑劑)．They can even seem virtuous．After telling a white lie，I sometimes pat myself on the back，turning my evil into a virtue inside my own head．Some lies might make life easier，but they don't necessarily make life happier．I wouldn't want my wife to tell me what she thinks I want to hear，as if we were strangers avoiding conflict，and finding out that she had done so would make me feel distrusted and therefore hurt our relationship．I don't want a stranger to tell me she likes my writing if she doesn't，because unreal compliments make me suspicious．
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇議論文。文章論述了在生活中說(shuō)真話(huà)的重要性。作者認(rèn)為，哪怕和別人觀點(diǎn)不同，哪怕惹怒他人，我們都應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持說(shuō)真話(huà)，以免誤導(dǎo)他人，做出錯(cuò)誤判斷。
4．What can we learn from“my friend”in paragraph 2？(　　)
A．He admits other's views with great honesty．
B．He practices Kant's philosophical theories．
C．He loves to discuss philosophy with others．
D．He prevents himself from difficult choices．
B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“As a philosophical matter，my friend's belief of‘love conversations'is Kantian．”可知，“我的朋友”實(shí)踐康德的哲學(xué)理論。故選B。]
5．Brad Blanton found telling the truth ．(　　)
A．stressful and emotional
B．unacceptable and harmful
C．thoughtless but courageous
D．challenging but deserving
D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“In the 1990s，Brad Blanton argued when the truth is hard to accept，telling it can have costs，...But it is worth the consequences...”可知，布拉德·布蘭頓發(fā)現(xiàn)說(shuō)真話(huà)具有挑戰(zhàn)性，但是值得。故選D。]
6．Why is the author's wife mentioned in the last paragraph？(　　)
A．To distinguish his wife from a stranger．
B．To show his wife's honesty and virtue．
C．To argue for the importance of frankness．
D．To stress avoiding suspicion in marriage．
C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Some lies might make life easier，but they don't necessarily make life happier．”以及“I don't want a stranger to tell me she likes my writing if she doesn't，because unreal compliments make me suspicious．”可推知，最后一段提到他的妻子是為了論證坦率的重要性。故選C。]
7．Which statement does the author probably agree with？(　　)
A．Telling the truth can be an act of love．
B．The route to happier life lies in lies．
C．Little white lies are actually virtuous．
D．Our society is being corrupted by lies．
A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Your committing to complete honesty can be an act of love．(你對(duì)完全誠(chéng)實(shí)的承諾是一種愛(ài)的行為)”并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，作者認(rèn)為說(shuō)實(shí)話(huà)是一種愛(ài)的行為。故選A。]
C 篇(限時(shí)7分鐘)
(2024·浙江寧波二模)
The day I met Hani Irmawati，she stood alone in the parking lot of the International school，a shy seventeen-year-old in worn clothing．Despite some difficulties，she approached me，begging to improve her English．When I inquired about her motivation，expecting a local job search，she quietly expressed her dream of attending an American university．
Moved by her determination，I volunteered to help her after school．Each day，Hani woke at dawn，studying on the bus to her public high school，then joining me in the afternoon，exhausted but eager to learn．Despite her struggles with college-level English，her perseverance amazed me．
Hani's family lived modestly，her parents working as a custodian and a maid．Their income couldn't support her American university aspirations，dampening my initial optimism．
In December 1998，a scholarship opportunity arose，but upon reviewing the requirements，I despaired．Hani lacked the extracurricular experience and standardized test scores typical of applicants．Despite my discouragement，she remained resolute，asking me to submit her application．Unable to refuse，I completed the application，highlighting her courage and perseverance．I warned her of slim acceptance odds，but she remained steadfast．
In the following weeks，Hani intensified her English studies，and I arranged for her to take the Test of English Fluency．The computerized test posed a significant challenge for her．Just before departing for the test，she received a letter from the scholarship association．I began reading the letter with her，only to discover she'd been accepted．
Overjoyed，I celebrated while Hani stood quietly，perhaps bewildered by my shock．In that moment，I realized what Hani had known all along：success requires not just intelligence，but also the drive to persevere and the courage to believe in oneself．
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了17歲女孩Hani Irmawati為了自己上大學(xué)的夢(mèng)想，努力學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，最終獲得了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，被大學(xué)錄取的故事。
8．What motivated Hani to improve her English？(　　)
A．Pressure from family members．
B．Curiosity about foreign languages．
C．Job prospects in the local community．
D．Ambition of entering an American university．
D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“When I inquired about her motivation，expecting a local job search，she quietly expressed her dream of attending an American university．”可知，進(jìn)入美國(guó)大學(xué)這一抱負(fù)促使Hani想要提高她的英語(yǔ)水平。故選D。]
9．What can we infer about the difficulties that Hani had？(　　)
A．Hani's parents were unsupportive of her dream．
B．Hani was uninterested in extracurricular activities．
C．Hani's application form was not submitted on time．
D．Hani was not academically qualified for the scholarship．
D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Hani lacked the extracurricular experience and standardized test scores typical of applicants．”可知，Hani在學(xué)術(shù)上不符合獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的條件。故選D。]
10．How did the author likely feel upon discovering Hani's acceptance to the scholarship？(　　)
A．Surprised and proud．
B．Relieved but envious．
C．Touched and honored．
D．Shocked but concerned．
A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Overjoyed，I celebrated while Hani stood quietly，perhaps bewildered by my shock．”可知，當(dāng)作者得知Hani獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金時(shí)，他感到驚訝和自豪。故選A。]
11．Which of the following is the best title for the text？(　　)
A．From Shyness to Success
B．A Scholar's Journey
C．The Power of Perseverance
D．Hani's Unrealistic Dream
C　[標(biāo)題歸納題。文章主要講述了17歲女孩Hani Irmawati為了自己上大學(xué)的夢(mèng)想，努力學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，最終獲得了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，被大學(xué)錄取的故事。由此可知，C選項(xiàng)“毅力的力量”最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選C。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(限時(shí)12分鐘)
(2025·湖南衡陽(yáng)模擬)
If doctors lie，it is surely inexcusable．One of the basic 　1　 the public have of doctors is honesty．But what would you think if I told you that research has shown that 70 percent of doctors 　2　 to lying to their patients？
Mrs．Walton was in her eighties and 　3　 to see her husband．“He's on his way．Don't worry．”I said this to calm her down．But it was a lie．He died two years ago．The truth is that it is a 　4　 to lie sometimes．
Mrs．Walton is one of the dementia (癡呆) sufferers，who lose their memory of 　5　 events，but hold memories from the distant past．Many of them realize that the past bears little 　6　 to the present，but are at a loss to explain．They often feel scared that they are 　7　 by strange people，even when they are with their family．They look at their adult children 　8　 and wonder who they could be．
I have countless families not knowing how to react as their loved one moves back into distant past and they are 　9　 in the present．And how，as a doctor，does one manage sufferings that come with having no 　10　 of these patients'life for the past 10 or 20 years？Maybe he can tell them lies that are not big and elaborate—they are 　11　 comforts intended to calm and allow the subject to be swiftly changed．
　12　 with them about this false reality is not unprofessional—it is actually kind．That's not to say that lying to patients with dementia 　13　 is right．But what kind-hearted person would put another human being through the unimaginable pain of learning，　14　 again and again，that they have lost their beloved ones．It would be an unthinkable cruelness．
Sometimes honesty is 　15　 not the best policy．
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇議論文。文章討論了醫(yī)生在面對(duì)癡呆癥患者時(shí)是否應(yīng)該說(shuō)謊的問(wèn)題。作者指出，盡管醫(yī)生對(duì)患者撒謊可能違背誠(chéng)實(shí)原則，但在某些情況下，為了減輕病人的痛苦，適當(dāng)?shù)闹e言是必要的。
(　　)1．A．expressions　　　　 B．expectations
　　　　C．reputations D．regulations
B　[根據(jù)上文“If doctors lie，it is surely inexcusable．”和下文“the public have of doctors is honesty”可知，醫(yī)生撒謊是不可原諒的，所以公眾對(duì)醫(yī)生的基本期望之一是誠(chéng)實(shí)。故選B。]
(　　)2．A．objected B．contributed
　　　　C．a(chǎn)dmitted D．a(chǎn)ppealed
C　[根據(jù)上文轉(zhuǎn)折連詞“But”和下文“Mrs．Walton was in her eighties and to see her husband．‘He's on his way．Don't worry．'I said this to calm her down．But it was a lie．He died two years ago．The truth is that it is a to lie sometimes．”可推知，公眾的期望與現(xiàn)實(shí)并不一致，很多醫(yī)生都承認(rèn)對(duì)病人撒過(guò)謊，作者在后文也承認(rèn)自己對(duì)病人說(shuō)謊。故選C。]
(　　)3．A．a(chǎn)shamed B．delighted
　　　　C．nervous D．desperate
D　[根據(jù)下文“He's on his way．Don't worry．”可知，作者不得不對(duì)沃爾頓夫人說(shuō)謊，由此可推測(cè)出，說(shuō)謊的原因是她非常想見(jiàn)她的丈夫。故選D。]
(　　)4．A．cruelty B．kindness
　　　　C．pain D．pleasure
B　[根據(jù)上文“‘He's on his way．Don't worry．'I said this to calm her down．But it was a lie．He died two years ago．”可知，沃爾頓夫人的丈夫已經(jīng)去世兩年了，所以作者說(shuō)她丈夫正在來(lái)的路上是一種善意的謊言，是一種善行。故選B。]
(　　)5．A．recent B．popular
　　　　C．distant D．major
A　[根據(jù)下文轉(zhuǎn)折連詞“but”可知，上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。下文“but hold memories from the distant past”說(shuō)癡呆癥患者保留了對(duì)遙遠(yuǎn)過(guò)去的記憶，上文應(yīng)說(shuō)他們失去了對(duì)近期事件的記憶，構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A。]
(　　)6．A．opposition B．connection
　　　　C．a(chǎn)ttention D．similarity
B　[根據(jù)下文“They often feel scared that they are by strange people，even when they are with their family．They look at their adult children and wonder who they could be．”可知，癡呆癥患者即使和家人在一起，也不知道這些人是誰(shuí)。他們無(wú)法把過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在聯(lián)系起來(lái)。故選B。]
(　　)7．A．a(chǎn)ttacked B．isolated
　　　　C．surrounded D．a(chǎn)ttracted
C　[根據(jù)下文“by strange people，even when they are with their family”可推知，癡呆癥患者害怕被陌生人包圍，即使他們和家人在一起，因?yàn)樗麄儾徽J(rèn)識(shí)自己的家人了，把他們也看成陌生人。故選C。]
(　　)8．A．puzzled B．satisfied
　　　　C．a(chǎn)mused D．motivated
A　[根據(jù)下文“and wonder who they could be”可知，癡呆癥患者的記憶被困在了過(guò)去，那時(shí)他們的孩子們還很小，所以不認(rèn)識(shí)現(xiàn)在身邊的成年子女，會(huì)感到困惑。故選A。]
(　　)9．A．cut off B．thrown away
　　　　C．put down D．left behind
D　[根據(jù)上文“their loved one moves back into distant past”可知，癡呆癥患者的記憶回到他們遙遠(yuǎn)的過(guò)去，而他們的家人被留在了現(xiàn)在，所以癡呆癥患者周?chē)鷽](méi)有熟悉的人。故選D。]
(　　)10．A．knowledge B．control
　　 　　C．imagination D．record
A　[根據(jù)下文“of these patients'life for the past 10 or 20 years”及語(yǔ)境可知，癡呆癥患者的記憶回到他們的過(guò)去，而照顧這些病人的醫(yī)生或護(hù)士不知道他們過(guò)去的生活。have no knowledge of“不知道”。故選A。]
(　　)11．A．brief B．constant
　　 　　C．permanent D．secret
A　[根據(jù)上文“Maybe he can tell them lies that are not big and elaborate”和下文“comforts intended to calm and allow the subject to be swiftly changed”可知，這些謊言只是短暫的安慰品，旨在安撫和讓話(huà)題迅速轉(zhuǎn)移。故選A。]
(　　)12．A．Competing B．Plotting
　　 　　C．Matching D．Mixing
B　[根據(jù)上文“Maybe he can tell them lies that are not big and elaborate—they are comforts intended to calm and allow the subject to be swiftly changed．”可知，作者認(rèn)為醫(yī)生、護(hù)士和家屬對(duì)這些病人說(shuō)的謊言只是短暫的安慰品，旨在安撫和讓話(huà)題迅速轉(zhuǎn)移，所以大家一起策劃了這些謊言，且是善意的行為。故選B。]
(　　)13．A．unnecessarily B．inaccurately
　　 　　C．impatiently D．impolitely
A　[根據(jù)上文“ with them about this false reality is not unprofessional—it is actually kind．”及語(yǔ)境可知，醫(yī)生、護(hù)士和家屬說(shuō)的謊言是善意的安撫，但這并不是說(shuō)對(duì)癡呆癥患者不必要的撒謊是正確的，必須是善意的安撫、避免癡呆癥患者過(guò)于痛苦的謊言才是可以被接受的。故選A。]
(　　)14．A．a(chǎn)head of time
　　 　　B．in no time
　　 　　C．for the last time
　　 　　D．for the first time
D　[結(jié)合下文“again and again，that they have lost their beloved ones”和常識(shí)可知，癡呆癥患者會(huì)不斷忘記現(xiàn)在的事情，所以如果告知沃爾頓夫人真相，就相當(dāng)于讓她一次又一次經(jīng)歷失去了親人的痛苦，所以每一次知道真相對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)都是“第一次”。“for the first time again and again”是指癡呆患者無(wú)數(shù)次地重新體驗(yàn)失去親人的痛苦，仿佛每次都是第一次經(jīng)歷一樣。故選D。]
(　　)15．A．mostly B．informally
　　 　　C．simply D．finally
C　[盡管醫(yī)生對(duì)患者撒謊可能違背誠(chéng)實(shí)原則，但在某些情況下，為了減輕病人的痛苦，適當(dāng)?shù)闹e言是必要的。所以文章最后說(shuō)“有時(shí)候，誠(chéng)實(shí)的確不是上策”。故選C。]
Ⅲ．應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作(限時(shí)13分鐘)
(2024·江蘇揚(yáng)州模擬)
假定你所在的城市正在創(chuàng)建全國(guó)文明城市。請(qǐng)寫(xiě)一篇演講稿，呼吁全體同學(xué)行動(dòng)起來(lái)，為創(chuàng)建文明城市做出自己的貢獻(xiàn)，內(nèi)容包括：
1．創(chuàng)建文明城市的內(nèi)容與意義；
2．呼吁同學(xué)們從身邊的小事做起(不少于兩點(diǎn))。
注意：1．寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
2．請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。
參考詞匯：文明城市 civilized city
Boys and girls，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Thank you．
【參考范文】
Boys and girls，
As has been promoted by our school，we are to build a civilized city，in which case our city can be cleaner and more competitive，and all the residents will be better off．
On campus，we should pick up litter while we walk around or help others when necessary．At home，we can persuade our parents to quit smoking and get along well with our neighbors．Besides，the core socialist values ought to be put into practice．
Thank you．
課時(shí)數(shù)智作業(yè)
(教師備選)
Ⅰ．閱讀理解(限時(shí)7分鐘)
(2024·安徽淮北二模)
While conquering the world's swimming pools in the late 1990s and the 2000s，Amanda Beard had already included breathing exercises in her training．Several years after the end of her athletic career，she discovered walking meditation．Today the seven-time US Olympic medalist practices walking meditation in nature，around the house，or while walking the dog．It's a daily practice with the focused mindfulness of meditation that contributes positively to every aspect of her life，she says．
You don't need equipment or a designated space to start．The idea of a walking meditation is to pay attention to the way your body feels，noticing things like the sky，trees，turning into all of your senses．This means you can meditate“on the go”in the countryside，in the city，in your backyard，and virtually anywhere．A simple，10-minute walking meditation for beginners requires that you just start at ease．Consider what you hear，smell and see．Think about how your feet touch the ground．Fully focus on these feelings．
A report in Health Promotion Perspectives also found that walking meditation can improve your balance，adjust your heart rate，boost your mental focus，and help you battle anxiety and depression．“The benefits of meditation are many，”says Dr．Schramm，a board-certified family physician and meditation teacher．“When we do this over and over again，we train the brain to focus on only one thing at a time and this increases both our blood flow and actual neuronal (神經(jīng)元) changes within our brains．”
“The magic of meditation is to be able to help you connect with yourself；meditation shouldn't feel a certain way，”says Tara Stiles，a yoga and wellness expert．It's a common mistake in meditation：People fear a wandering mind．“A wandering mind is completely normal，”Stiles says．“Even experienced meditators aren't sitting there never having a thought，but when they have the thought they choose to guide themselves back to their breath instead of getting frustrated．”
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了美國(guó)奧運(yùn)獎(jiǎng)牌得主Amanda Beard如何將步行冥想融入日常生活、步行冥想的好處以及如何進(jìn)行步行冥想。
1．What is walking meditation？(　　)
A．Plain walking．
B．Mindful walking．
C．A competitive sport．
D．Deep thought while stationary．
B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“It's a daily practice with the focused mindfulness of meditation that contributes positively to every aspect of her life，she says．”以及第二段中的“The idea of a walking meditation is to pay attention to the way your body feels，noticing things like the sky，trees，turning into all of your senses．”可知，“walking meditation”就是“mindful walking”。故選B。]
2．Which of the following is recommended to a beginner starting walking meditation？(　　)
A．A familiar environment．
B．A 10-minute walking time．
C．A relaxed but observant state．
D．A piece of special equipment．
C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“A simple，10-minute walking meditation for beginners requires that you just start at ease．Consider what you hear，smell and see．”可知，給剛開(kāi)始進(jìn)行步行冥想的初學(xué)者的建議是保持放松但敏銳的狀態(tài)。故選C。]
3．What is the brain's reaction to walking meditation according to Dr．Schramm？(　　)
A．Enhancing the blood flow．
B．Undergoing balance training．
C．Having more active thoughts．
D．Decreasing neuronal changes．
A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“When we do this over and over again，we train the brain to focus on only one thing at a time and this increases both our blood flow and actual neuronal changes within our brains．”可知，大腦對(duì)步行冥想的反應(yīng)是促進(jìn)血液流動(dòng)、增加實(shí)際神經(jīng)元的變化。故選A。]
4．What is Tara Stiles'attitude towards distractions？(　　)
A．Carefree．　　　　　　　 B．Frustrated．
C．Concerned． D．Positive．
A　[觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“‘A wandering mind is completely normal，'Stiles says．”可知，Tara Stiles認(rèn)為走神是完全正常的，所以是持不必?fù)?dān)心的態(tài)度。故選A。]
Ⅱ．閱讀七選五(限時(shí)7分鐘)
(2025·山東臨沂模擬)
As is known to us all，honesty has always been a traditional virtue in China．Despite the passage of time，honesty has been passed down as a mainstream value．　1　
A famous Chinese idiom (成語(yǔ))，yinuo qianjin，tells such a story．In the early Western Han Dynasty，a general named Ji Bu was known for being courageous and honest．Legend has it that whenever Ji made a promise，he would make an effort to keep it．　2　 There was a saying widely spread：It is better to have a promise from Ji Bu than to get hundreds of ounces (盎司) of gold．
　3　 During the Qing Dynasty，Li Daquan，a successful businessman in Shanxi Province，was visited by a friend who came up with a new idea．In ancient China，carrying a large amount of cash was not only a heavy burden (負(fù)擔(dān)) but could also put the owner in danger．His friend proposed that a draft (匯票) be issued to replace the real cash．This draft was not only a promise to pay，but also could be cashed everywhere．Li readily agreed and kept his word．The story soon got around，and Li's honesty brought him a flood of customers and a good business．　4　 Such is the beginning of the Chinese banking industry．His banking business finally expanded into 35 branches across the country．Rishengchang has been preserved and turned into a museum now．
In today's China，the spirit of honesty is still well-respected．China selects national role models every year．　5　
A．Everyone should try to be an honest person．
B．Honesty is priceless and honesty also brings creativity．
C．Such a virtue of honesty earned him a good popularity．
D．China is a famous country that values and respects honesty．
E．Li Daquan later set up China's first draft bank，Rishengchang．
F．It is also shown in countless stories throughout China's history．
G．Their stories are told across the country to promote the virtue of honesty．
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文講述了誠(chéng)信一直是中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)美德。盡管時(shí)間在流逝，誠(chéng)信已經(jīng)作為一種主流價(jià)值觀傳承下來(lái)。
1．F　[下文介紹了兩個(gè)中國(guó)歷史上關(guān)于誠(chéng)信的故事，所以F項(xiàng)“這也體現(xiàn)在中國(guó)歷史上無(wú)數(shù)的故事中”符合文意，承接上文，并引出下文。故選F。]
2．C　[根據(jù)上下文可知，空處應(yīng)是過(guò)渡句，由介紹季布的事跡過(guò)渡到這么做的結(jié)果，所以C項(xiàng)“這種誠(chéng)實(shí)的美德為他贏得了良好的聲望”符合文意，是前面行為的結(jié)果。故選C。]
3．B　[本段主要講述了誠(chéng)信會(huì)帶來(lái)創(chuàng)造力，所以B項(xiàng)“誠(chéng)實(shí)是無(wú)價(jià)的，誠(chéng)實(shí)也帶來(lái)創(chuàng)造力”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故選B。]
4．E　[根據(jù)上下文可知，空處應(yīng)是過(guò)渡句，由李大全的故事過(guò)渡到中國(guó)銀行業(yè)，所以E項(xiàng)“李大全后來(lái)成立了中國(guó)第一家匯票銀行——日昇昌”符合文意。故選E。]
5．G　[根據(jù)上文可知，現(xiàn)在人們?nèi)耘f推崇誠(chéng)實(shí)的精神，評(píng)選全國(guó)的榜樣，因此推斷G項(xiàng)“他們的故事在全國(guó)傳頌，以樹(shù)立好榜樣，倡導(dǎo)誠(chéng)實(shí)的美德”符合文意，承接上文。故選G。]
Ⅲ．語(yǔ)法填空(限時(shí)6分鐘)
(2024·安徽宿遷三模)
The Duan inkstone，one of the four most famous inkstones in China，1． (originate) in the mountains by the Duanxi River in Guangdong Province．Since the Tang Dynasty，it has been the 2． (center) region for Duan inkstone production and even today，most of the villagers still earn their living by making inkstones．
Throughout hundreds of years，villagers have developed 3． scientific production system．The process involves stone selection，material screening，shape designing，carving，and wooden box matching，among 4． stone selection and carving are the two most important steps．
Purple 5． color，Duan inkstones are glossy and as smooth as silk．They enjoy a great reputation as they never crack even when 6． (place) in low temperatures．It is a long and laborious process to hand-pick flawless Duan stones．Miners dig in tunnels less than one meter high at the riverside，and using tools such as dynamite (炸藥) 7． (forbid)．
Carving involves good conception，and highlights the fine shape of the stones 8． carving skills．In addition to natural designs，flying dragons，flowers and birds，figures，mountains and waters are common 9． (image) carved on the stones．The matching boxes are also carefully chosen and are often made of purple sandalwood and rosewood．The Duan inkstone has various styles，and new-style products are designed one after another 10． (meet) increased export demands．
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了端硯的制造工藝。
1．originated　[考查時(shí)態(tài)。空處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，陳述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填originated。]
2．central　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。形容詞central作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞。故填central。]
3．a(chǎn)　[考查冠詞。泛指“一套科學(xué)的生產(chǎn)體系”，且scientific首字母為輔音音素。故填a。]
4．which　[考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為stone selection，material screening，shape designing，carving，and wooden box matching，指物，作among的賓語(yǔ)，關(guān)系代詞為which。故填which。]
5．in　[考查介詞。in color“在顏色方面”。故填in。]
6．placed　[考查狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。空處為狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，還原后為：when they are placed，省略了they are。故填placed。]
7．is forbidden　[考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。陳述事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)詞-ing形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故填is forbidden。]
8．a(chǎn)nd　[考查連詞。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，前后為并列關(guān)系。故填and。]
9．images　[考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。表示多種形象，名詞images作表語(yǔ)。故填images。]
10．to meet　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填to meet。]
Ⅳ．讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)(限時(shí)25分鐘)
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·廣東深圳模擬)
Morty was checking out his library books when it caught his eye—a poster for Adventure Rocks Kids Camp．“Check this out！”Morty called to Ben and Fred as he grabbed three brochures and dashed to catch up with his best buddies．They all stopped，books in hands，to stare at the pictures of kids flying above canyons suspended from zip lines．They instantly believed the brochure's headline：Summer won't be complete until you take it to the limit at Adventure Rocks Kids Camp．
Ben broke the silence，“We have less than two weeks until registration opens，and it says the camp fills up fast．”Then an idea popped into Morty's head．“Why don't we sell lemonade and snacks by the side of the road？We can pool our allowance savings for the camp．”“That's a great idea，”Ben said．
The sun had barely come up on Saturday morning when the kids set up their business．They chose a spot，asked permission from the homeowner，and then asked to use her garden hose for water to make lemonade．
Their business went smoothly until Ben announced that they had a comparatively small stock of lemons shortly after noon．Morty decided to make their stock go further．“Fred，when the jug gets down to one-fourth full，just fill it to the top with the water hose．”Morty was thinking out loud，“I'll change the sign and charge 30 more cents for each cup of lemonade．”Their business went on and the three were secretly proud of the little tricks they had done．
Just as Morty finished refilling the jug with water for the third time，a vehicle rounded the comer．Morty saw the minivan with his father at the wheel and his family inside．They pulled up to the sidewalk，and his brothers and sisters jumped out，each clutching a coin or two．They were eager to support their brother's bustling business．Morty's family bought the last of the brownies and drank the last drop of watered-down lemonade．
注意：續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。
Morty's father frowned at the sip of the lemonade．　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
They decided to fix their wrongdoings the next week．　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文以故事情節(jié)發(fā)展為線(xiàn)索，講述了Morty，Ben和Fred三個(gè)孩子因?yàn)橄肴⒓酉牧顮I(yíng)，在路邊擺攤賣(mài)檸檬水賺報(bào)名費(fèi)的故事。隨著檸檬越來(lái)越少，他們打起了歪主意：往檸檬汁里兌水并提價(jià)。后來(lái)，Morty的家人開(kāi)心地來(lái)照顧生意。Morty的爸爸喝出了檸檬水的問(wèn)題，不禁發(fā)出疑問(wèn)。幾個(gè)孩子沉默片刻，還是承認(rèn)了錯(cuò)誤。在Morty的爸爸的鼓勵(lì)下，他們決定第二周彌補(bǔ)錯(cuò)誤。隨后，他們用賺到的錢(qián)購(gòu)買(mǎi)了足量的檸檬，將檸檬水降價(jià)，并主動(dòng)聲明給上周六下午購(gòu)買(mǎi)檸檬水的顧客免費(fèi)送一杯檸檬水。可想而知，他們最終沒(méi)有賺到足夠的錢(qián)參加夏令營(yíng)，但是他們學(xué)到了珍貴的一課：做人要保持誠(chéng)信。
【寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)】
1．段落續(xù)寫(xiě)：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“Morty的爸爸喝了一口檸檬水，皺起了眉頭”可知，第一段可描寫(xiě)Morty的爸爸發(fā)現(xiàn)了檸檬水的問(wèn)題后，幾個(gè)孩子很尷尬地承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤的場(chǎng)景，以及Morty的爸爸建議他們?cè)趺醋觥?br/>②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“他們決定下周改正他們的錯(cuò)誤”可知，第二段可描寫(xiě)他們?nèi)绾胃恼约旱腻e(cuò)誤。
2．續(xù)寫(xiě)線(xiàn)索：
發(fā)現(xiàn)夏令營(yíng)傳單——想?yún)⒓印獢[檸檬水?dāng)傎崍?bào)名費(fèi)——遇到問(wèn)題后將檸檬兌水處理——檸檬水兌水被發(fā)現(xiàn)——承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤——糾正錯(cuò)誤——感悟
【參考范文】
Morty's father frowned at the sip of the lemonade． As to him，it tasted more like water．Overwhelmed with confusion，he asked directly，“What's wrong？It tastes just like cold water．”The moment Morty heard his father's doubt，he stood awkwardly，not sure what to say．Fred and Ben were also speechless．A moment later，they admitted what they had done．Although Morty's father was disappointed，he said，“You still have time to correct your wrongdoings．”Hearing this，they nodded immediately．
They decided to fix their wrongdoings the next week． Ben suggested to use the money earned to prepare enough lemons first and then reduce the price．They all agreed．When they restarted their business，they even stood a sign，saying，“We send a cup of lemonade to customers who bought it last Saturday afternoon for free．”They made over 50 cups of lemonade for a constant stream of customers with a low price and over 20 cups were for free．As you can imagine，they didn't get enough money for the camp．But they learned a valuable lesson that one should always be honest．
1 / 33課時(shí)數(shù)智作業(yè)(四十一)
選擇性必修第四冊(cè)　UNIT 1　Honesty and responsibility
Ⅰ．閱讀理解
A 篇(限時(shí)6分鐘)
(2024·安徽合肥三模)
China has constructed more than 20 new museums since 2012．Here are some of the best．
Shanghai Astronomy Museum
Launched in 2021，Shanghai Astronomy Museum is reportedly the world's largest astronomy museum，covering more than 630，000 square feet．
In its three main sections—Home，Universe，and Journey—visitors can see 150 interactive exhibits．They can also watch videos of the vast universe in a huge dome theater with an 8K screen，which helps visitors to have a multi-sensory journey for space exploration．
Chengdu Science Fiction Museum
Located on a lake and opened to the public on October 13，2023，the roughly 635，000-square-foot museum explains Chengdu's status as the national center of science fiction writing．It was in this mountain-surrounded city that China's most popular science fiction magazine，Science Fiction World，was first published in 1979．
Beijing Sound Art Museum
For a decade，local artist Colin Chinnery regularly walked the streets of China's capital，recording traditional sounds that are gradually disappearing from this modernizing city．Now，the museum has cataloged hundreds of his audio recordings of Beijing's evolving soundscape—from the calls of street hawkers (商販) to pigeon whistles blown in parks．Opened on May 20，2023，it's located in Songzhuang Art District of Tongzhou，in Beijing's eastern suburbs．
Suzhou Imperial Bricks Museum
Opened to the public on May 18，2016，it is China's first museum to display bricks for the royal families during the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368－1911)．The museum was built close to the brick kiln (窯) to show the complex brick-making process．
The kiln is still in use today．Bricks produced with traditional technologies have been used in restoration projects of heritage buildings，such as the Summer Palace in Beijing and the Puji Temple in Zhejiang Province．
In the exhibition hall，visitors can explore the brick-making process through various cultural relics and interactive games．
1．What can visitors do in the huge theater of Shanghai Astronomy Museum？(　　)
A．Play interactive video games．
B．Watch high-definition videos．
C．Attend multi-sensory exhibits．
D．Scan the universe with telescopes．
2．When was Science Fiction World first published？(　　)
A．In 2021．　　　　　 B．In 2016．
C．In 2012． D．In 1979．
3．What do the last two museums have in common？(　　)
A．They preserve the past．
B．They show high technologies．
C．They explain the royal lives．
D．They present personal artworks．
B 篇(限時(shí)7分鐘)
(2024·湖南長(zhǎng)沙模擬)
There are a lot of good and logical reasons not to say what you think，especially when others disagree．Offending people isn't nice，and it can lead to social consequences．Nodding along might seem practical or charitable，despite the fact that you are screaming disagreement on the inside．However，the true act of charity is to say what you really think．Your committing to complete honesty can be an act of love．
One of my friends takes honesty to the extreme．He calls talks with others that get to the complete truth of things，even difficult admissions in views，“l(fā)ove conversations”．Once two people have such a conversation，his theory goes，they can understand each other and act accordingly．As a philosophical matter，my friend's belief of “l(fā)ove conversations” is Kantian．The German philosopher Kant argued that lying to others prevents them from making choices based on the truth，which is contradictory with friendship and love．
In the 1990s，Brad Blanton argued when the truth is hard to accept，telling it can have costs，including social disapproval and broken relationships．But it is worth the consequences because it can reduce stress，deepen connections with others，and reduce emotional reactivity．
Both sides can't be right here．Either Kant，Blanton，and my friend are embracing a faulty theory，or our society is missing a big opportunity for moral growth．You might say that little white lies are a social lubricant (潤(rùn)滑劑)．They can even seem virtuous．After telling a white lie，I sometimes pat myself on the back，turning my evil into a virtue inside my own head．Some lies might make life easier，but they don't necessarily make life happier．I wouldn't want my wife to tell me what she thinks I want to hear，as if we were strangers avoiding conflict，and finding out that she had done so would make me feel distrusted and therefore hurt our relationship．I don't want a stranger to tell me she likes my writing if she doesn't，because unreal compliments make me suspicious．
4．What can we learn from “my friend” in paragraph 2？(　　)
A．He admits other's views with great honesty．
B．He practices Kant's philosophical theories．
C．He loves to discuss philosophy with others．
D．He prevents himself from difficult choices．
5．Brad Blanton found telling the truth 　　　　．(　　)
A．stressful and emotional
B．unacceptable and harmful
C．thoughtless but courageous
D．challenging but deserving
6．Why is the author's wife mentioned in the last paragraph？(　　)
A．To distinguish his wife from a stranger．
B．To show his wife's honesty and virtue．
C．To argue for the importance of frankness．
D．To stress avoiding suspicion in marriage．
7．Which statement does the author probably agree with？(　　)
A．Telling the truth can be an act of love．
B．The route to happier life lies in lies．
C．Little white lies are actually virtuous．
D．Our society is being corrupted by lies．
C 篇(限時(shí)7分鐘)
(2024·浙江寧波二模)
The day I met Hani Irmawati，she stood alone in the parking lot of the International school，a shy seventeen-year-old in worn clothing．Despite some difficulties，she approached me，begging to improve her English．When I inquired about her motivation，expecting a local job search，she quietly expressed her dream of attending an American university．
Moved by her determination，I volunteered to help her after school．Each day，Hani woke at dawn，studying on the bus to her public high school，then joining me in the afternoon，exhausted but eager to learn．Despite her struggles with college-level English，her perseverance amazed me．
Hani's family lived modestly，her parents working as a custodian and a maid．Their income couldn't support her American university aspirations，dampening my initial optimism．
In December 1998，a scholarship opportunity arose，but upon reviewing the requirements，I despaired．Hani lacked the extracurricular experience and standardized test scores typical of applicants．Despite my discouragement，she remained resolute，asking me to submit her application．Unable to refuse，I completed the application，highlighting her courage and perseverance．I warned her of slim acceptance odds，but she remained steadfast．
In the following weeks，Hani intensified her English studies，and I arranged for her to take the Test of English Fluency．The computerized test posed a significant challenge for her．Just before departing for the test，she received a letter from the scholarship association．I began reading the letter with her，only to discover she'd been accepted．
Overjoyed，I celebrated while Hani stood quietly，perhaps bewildered by my shock．In that moment，I realized what Hani had known all along：success requires not just intelligence，but also the drive to persevere and the courage to believe in oneself．
8．What motivated Hani to improve her English？(　　)
A．Pressure from family members．
B．Curiosity about foreign languages．
C．Job prospects in the local community．
D．Ambition of entering an American university．
9．What can we infer about the difficulties that Hani had？(　　)
A．Hani's parents were unsupportive of her dream．
B．Hani was uninterested in extracurricular activities．
C．Hani's application form was not submitted on time．
D．Hani was not academically qualified for the scholarship．
10．How did the author likely feel upon discovering Hani's acceptance to the scholarship？(　　)
A．Surprised and proud．
B．Relieved but envious．
C．Touched and honored．
D．Shocked but concerned．
11．Which of the following is the best title for the text？(　　)
A．From Shyness to Success
B．A Scholar's Journey
C．The Power of Perseverance
D．Hani's Unrealistic Dream
Ⅱ．完形填空(限時(shí)12分鐘)
(2025·湖南衡陽(yáng)模擬)
If doctors lie，it is surely inexcusable．One of the basic 　1　 the public have of doctors is honesty．But what would you think if I told you that research has shown that 70 percent of doctors 　2　 to lying to their patients？
Mrs．Walton was in her eighties and 　3　 to see her husband．“He's on his way．Don't worry．” I said this to calm her down．But it was a lie．He died two years ago．The truth is that it is a 　4　 to lie sometimes．
Mrs．Walton is one of the dementia (癡呆) sufferers，who lose their memory of 　5　 events，but hold memories from the distant past．Many of them realize that the past bears little 　6　 to the present，but are at a loss to explain．They often feel scared that they are 　7　 by strange people，even when they are with their family．They look at their adult children 　8　 and wonder who they could be．
I have countless families not knowing how to react as their loved one moves back into distant past and they are 　9　 in the present．And how，as a doctor，does one manage sufferings that come with having no 　10　 of these patients'life for the past 10 or 20 years？Maybe he can tell them lies that are not big and elaborate—they are 　11　 comforts intended to calm and allow the subject to be swiftly changed．
　12　 with them about this false reality is not unprofessional—it is actually kind．That's not to say that lying to patients with dementia 　13　 is right．But what kind-hearted person would put another human being through the unimaginable pain of learning，　14　 again and again，that they have lost their beloved ones．It would be an unthinkable cruelness．
Sometimes honesty is 　15　 not the best policy．
(　　)1．A．expressions　 　 B．expectations
C．reputations D．regulations
(　　)2．A．objected B．contributed
C．a(chǎn)dmitted D．a(chǎn)ppealed
(　　)3．A．a(chǎn)shamed B．delighted
C．nervous D．desperate
(　　)4．A．cruelty B．kindness
C．pain D．pleasure
(　　)5．A．recent B．popular
C．distant D．major
(　　)6．A．opposition B．connection
C．a(chǎn)ttention D．similarity
(　　)7．A．a(chǎn)ttacked B．isolated
C．surrounded D．a(chǎn)ttracted
(　　)8．A．puzzled B．satisfied
C．a(chǎn)mused D．motivated
(　　)9．A．cut off B．thrown away
C．put down D．left behind
(　　)10．A．knowledge B．control
C．imagination D．record
(　　)11．A．brief B．constant
C．permanent D．secret
(　　)12．A．Competing B．Plotting
C．Matching D．Mixing
(　　)13．A．unnecessarily B．inaccurately
C．impatiently D．impolitely
(　　)14．A．a(chǎn)head of time
B．in no time
C．for the last time
D．for the first time
(　　)15．A．mostly B．informally
C．simply D．finally
Ⅲ．應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作(限時(shí)13分鐘)
(2024·江蘇揚(yáng)州模擬)
假定你所在的城市正在創(chuàng)建全國(guó)文明城市。請(qǐng)寫(xiě)一篇演講稿，呼吁全體同學(xué)行動(dòng)起來(lái)，為創(chuàng)建文明城市做出自己的貢獻(xiàn)，內(nèi)容包括：
1．創(chuàng)建文明城市的內(nèi)容與意義；
2．呼吁同學(xué)們從身邊的小事做起(不少于兩點(diǎn))。
注意：1．寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
2．請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。
參考詞匯：文明城市 civilized city
Boys and girls，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Thank you．
8 / 8核心詞匯 1．____________ adv．剛好；僅僅，勉強(qiáng)可能；幾乎不；剛才 2．____________ adj．值得花時(shí)間(或花錢(qián)、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的 3．____________ vt．& vi．疑有，覺(jué)得n．嫌疑犯，可疑對(duì)象 4．____________ n．道德原則；法則；信條　　　　　　　5．____________ vt．& vi．辭職，辭去 6．____________ adj．極佳的，卓越的，質(zhì)量極高的 7．____________ n．皺紋；褶皺，皺痕vt．& vi．(使臉上)起皺紋，皺起 8．____________ vi．停頓，暫停n．停頓，停頓的時(shí)間 9．____________ vi．& vt．假裝；裝扮，扮作；自詡，自認(rèn)為 10．____________ adv．同樣地；也，而且 11．____________ n．最后期限，截止日期 12．____________ n．美德；正直的品性；優(yōu)點(diǎn) 13．____________ adj．有機(jī)的，統(tǒng)一的；綠色的，不使用化肥的；生物的 14．____________ n．意外收獲；獎(jiǎng)金，紅利 15．____________ n．收成，收獲量；收獲季節(jié)，收割vt．& vi．收割，捕獵
閱讀詞匯 1．____________ n．下巴；頜 2．____________ adj．核心的；最重要的 n．核心，最重要的部分 3．____________ adj．大量的，價(jià)值巨大的；結(jié)實(shí)的，牢固的 4．____________ n．誠(chéng)實(shí)正直；完整，完好　　　　　　　5．____________ n．海星，星魚(yú) 6．____________ n．引語(yǔ)vt．& vi．引用，引述；舉例說(shuō)明 7．a(chǎn)rrest n．& vt．________________ 8．mineral n．________________ 9．phase n．________________ 10．garbage n．________________
拓展詞匯 1．innocent adj．無(wú)辜的，清白的，無(wú)罪的；天真無(wú)邪的，純真的 n．無(wú)辜者，單純的人→____________ n．天真；清白 2．forgive vt．& vi．原諒，寬恕；免除(債務(wù))→____________ n．寬恕 3．a(chǎn)ppoint vt．約定，指定，確定→____________ n．約定，約會(huì)；任命，委任；職務(wù) 4．rely vi．依靠，依賴(lài)→____________ adj．可信賴(lài)的，可依靠的；真實(shí)可信的，可靠的 5．crime n．罪行，犯罪行為→____________ n．罪犯 adj．犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的 6．legal adj．合法的；法律的→____________ adj．非法的；違法的→____________ adv．違法地 7．social adj．社會(huì)的→____________ adj．社會(huì)主義的 n．社會(huì)主義者→____________ n．社會(huì)主義 8．photograph n．照片 vt．拍照 →____________ n．?dāng)z影師，拍照者 9．guilt n．內(nèi)疚；犯罪；有罪→____________ adj．感到內(nèi)疚的，感到慚愧的；有罪的，有過(guò)失的 10．shame n．羞恥，慚愧；讓人遺憾的事→____________ adj．慚愧，羞愧，尷尬→____________ adj．可恥的 11．disappoint vt．使失望→____________ adj．失望的，沮喪的→____________ adj．令人失望的→____________ n．失望 12．guide vt．指導(dǎo)；導(dǎo)航 n．向?qū)А鷂___________ n．指導(dǎo)；導(dǎo)航 13．discourage vt．使灰心；勸阻→____________ adj．灰心的→____________ n．勇氣→__________ vt．鼓勵(lì)→____________ n．鼓勵(lì) 14．mercy n．仁慈，寬恕→ ____________ adj．殘忍的；無(wú)情的→____________ adj．寬大的；仁慈的；慈悲的
高頻短語(yǔ) 1．________________ 拆毀，拆除　　　　　　 2．________________ 發(fā)財(cái) 3．________________ 失去聯(lián)系 4．________________ 臂挽著臂 5．________________ 被逮捕 6．________________ 任……處置，對(duì)……無(wú)能為力 7．________________ 使焦慮不安，加重……的思想負(fù)擔(dān) 8．________________ 二十年前 9．turn up ________________ 10．pull out ________________ 11．take charge of________________ 12．have a chat with sb．________________ 13．make contributions to ________________ 14．set aside ________________
句型公式 1．There used to be a restaurant where this store stands—“Big Joe” Brady's restaurant．(where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句) 這家商店所在的位置曾經(jīng)是一家餐館——“大喬”布雷迪餐館。 2．Always give your best in whatever you set out to do，however difficult that might be．(however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句) 無(wú)論你開(kāi)始做什么，無(wú)論多么困難，都要全力以赴。 3．Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow．[祈使句＋andthen/orelse/otherwise＋簡(jiǎn)單句] 今天播下成功的種子，明天就會(huì)收獲豐碩的成果。
I'm a policeman on the beat．One cold night，I arrived at a darkened store，1．____________ “Big Joe” Brady's restaurant used to be．In the doorway leant a man 2．____________ (look) about 40 years old．I went over to him．He responded 3．____________ (quick)，saying that he was waiting for a friend to come for an appointment made twenty years ago．While we were talking，he struck a match and 4．____________ (light) his cigar．Then I was able to see a pale face，with keen eyes，a square jaw and a small scar near his right eyebrow．Instantly I recognized him：my best friend Bob，a 5．____________ (want) criminal as well!
I stared at his smiling face and 6．____________ (memory) came flooding back．Bob used to be a decent and reliable young man．Two decades ago he decided 7．____________ (shoulder) the burden of caring for his family．So he left for the West，hoping to make his fortune there．Gradually we lost contact，but I could barely allow myself to imagine he was earning money 8．____________ ways that were not legal!
I walked away without revealing 9．____________ I was，and then I asked a plain-clothes policeman to arrest Bob．It was a difficult 10．____________ (decide)，but I stuck to my principles anyhow．
1．worthwhile adj．值得花時(shí)間(或花錢(qián)、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的
①I(mǎi) think that it is worthwhile ____________ (be) a volunteer and I'm writing to give you my warm welcome．
②I think it is worth ____________ (you) while taking the trouble to explain the job fully to the new employees．
　讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之感悟升華
我們一致認(rèn)為，向窮人傳遞善意和溫暖是值得的，尤其是在這個(gè)令人害怕的日子里。
We all agreed that______________________________________________________
_____________________ to the poor，especially at this chilling day．
◎It is worthwhile doing/to do sth．做某事是值得的。
◎It is worth one's while doing/to do sth．值得某人做某事。
◎I highly recommend visiting this exhibition．Come on! It is worth your while to see the exhibition．
我強(qiáng)烈推薦參觀這個(gè)展覽。來(lái)吧！這個(gè)展覽值得你看一看。
2．suspect vt．& vi．疑有，覺(jué)得 n．嫌疑犯，可疑對(duì)象
①(人教版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)Unit 1)Snow suspected ____________ the water pump was to blame．
②Police have asked residents to keep an eye out for anything ____________ (suspect)．
③These seven villagers were suspected of ____________ (have) links with several extremist groups．
　讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之神態(tài)描寫(xiě)
當(dāng)我們開(kāi)始竊竊私語(yǔ)時(shí)，她皺起了眉頭，向我們投來(lái)懷疑的目光。
When we started whispering together，she frowned and _________________________
________________________________．
◎suspect sb．of (doing) sth．懷疑某人有……罪/做了某事
◎suspect that...懷疑……
◎be suspicious of/about懷疑……；對(duì)……起疑心
◎Hearing my words，David said，“I suspect that kids from other schools would laugh at me，because I am an exception．”
聽(tīng)到我的話(huà)，大衛(wèi)說(shuō)：“我覺(jué)得其他學(xué)校的孩子會(huì)嘲笑我，因?yàn)槲沂莻€(gè)例外。”
3．forgive vt．& vi．原諒，寬恕；免除(債務(wù))
①I(mǎi)f we develop a ____________ nature，we'll also receive____________from others．(forgive)
②Considering he is a green hand，we should forgive him ____________ making such mistakes．
　讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之動(dòng)作描寫(xiě)
我妹妹弄壞了我的電腦，好幾天我都對(duì)她有點(diǎn)兒生氣，但最終媽媽說(shuō)服我不計(jì)前嫌。
When my sister broke my computer，I was kind of angry at her for days，but my mother finally ____________________________________．
◎forgive sb．for (doing) sth．原諒某人做了某事
◎forgive one's doing sth．原諒某人做了某事
◎forgive and forget不計(jì)前嫌；既往不咎
◎(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness．
同樣重要的是給予你自己一些原諒。
4．pretend vi．& vt．假裝；裝扮，扮作；自詡，自認(rèn)為
①(外研版選擇性必修第三冊(cè)Unit 1)People who pretend ________________ (be) someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves．
②Kate pretended ____________ (smile) all the time，but she was afraid to look at him in the eye．
③Jacy pretended ____________ (learn) about the whole thing，expecting us to tell the truth．
　應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之建議信
我真的希望你能調(diào)整你的情緒，不要每天都假裝很開(kāi)心。
I really hope you can adjust your emotions and don't ___________________________
___________________________．
◎pretend to do/to be doing/to have done sth．假裝做/正在做/做過(guò)某事
◎pretend to be...假裝是……；裝扮成……
◎pretend that...假裝……
◎She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn't exist．
她決定記住她的班級(jí)在哪里，然后假裝其他地方不存在。
5．mercy n．仁慈，寬恕
①(外研版選擇性必修第三冊(cè)Unit 1)Esmeralda hears his call for water，and steps forwards out____________mercy．
②The past decade has witnessed that animals are being killed and become extinct due to ____________ (mercy) human activities．
③When he was taken to hospital，his injuries were so severe that death would be a ____________ (mercy) release．
　讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之場(chǎng)景描寫(xiě)
那女人凍得發(fā)抖，在孤寂泥濘的道路上艱難前行，無(wú)情的雨水狠狠地?fù)舸蛑纳碥|。
The woman，trembling with cold，was struggling on the lonely，muddy road while ________________________________________________．
◎show mercy to sb．(＝show sb．mercy) 同情或憐憫某人
◎out of mercy出于同情
◎without mercy毫不留情地；殘忍地
◎at the mercy of sb．/sth．任……處置，對(duì)……無(wú)能為力；任由……擺布
◎After some thinking，my mother said in a soft voice that we should protect his self-esteem rather than punish him without mercy．
媽媽想了想，輕聲說(shuō)，我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)他的自尊，而不是毫不留情地懲罰他。
6．[教材原句]There used to be a restaurant where this store stands—“Big Joe” Brady's restaurant．這家商店所在的位置曾經(jīng)是一家餐館——“大喬”布雷迪餐館。
①(外研版選擇性必修第三冊(cè)Unit 2)He found inspiration ____________others could not，in simple，everyday scenes，such as a man buying oranges at the local grocery store...
②____________ there are Chinese people，there is mobile payment．
③There used to be a small village ____________ the two rivers join，which was completely destroyed by an earthquake years ago．
　應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之介紹信
在我看來(lái)，這有點(diǎn)類(lèi)似于“有志者事竟成”的說(shuō)法。
In my view，it is sort of similar to the saying—________________________________．
◎where可以引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，此時(shí)的where大體相當(dāng)于in/at the place where，所以不可像引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的where那樣換成in/at which等。where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句一般放在主句之后，但在一些諺語(yǔ)中或表示抽象意義的句子中，常把地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句放在主句之前。
◎(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use．
護(hù)理院的工作人員報(bào)告說(shuō)，在使用母雞的地方，藥物的使用有所減少。
7．[教材原句]Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow．今天播下成功的種子，明天就會(huì)收獲豐碩的成果。
①(北師大版選擇性必修第三冊(cè)Unit 7)Keep doing this，____________ you can become an expert or a specialist in something one day．
②Know more words and expressions and you ___________ (find) it easier to read and communicate．
　讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之主旨升華
早上浪費(fèi)一小時(shí)，你將花費(fèi)余下的一整天來(lái)補(bǔ)償。(一日之計(jì)在于晨。)
____________________________________________________________，and you will be looking for it the rest of the day．
◎“祈使句＋andthen/orelse/otherwise＋簡(jiǎn)單句”結(jié)構(gòu)中祈使句表示條件，可轉(zhuǎn)換為if條件狀語(yǔ)從句，譯為“如果……，就會(huì)/否則就會(huì)……”。有時(shí)候，祈使句也可用一個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)替代。
◎“Just give a try，and we all will be proud of you no matter what the result is．” I tried to convince him．
“試一試吧，不管結(jié)果如何，我們都會(huì)為你感到驕傲。”我試圖說(shuō)服他。
Ⅰ．單句語(yǔ)法填空
1．I always feel ____________ (shame) to see some improper behaviors，such as littering and scribbling．
2．The child looks very simple，with a childlike ____________ shining out of her beautiful and ____________ eyes．(innocent)
3．Cheating destroys self-respect，leaving the cheater ____________ (guilt) and afraid of getting caught．
4．The ______________ result of the exam ____________ him greatly，and he couldn't hide his ____________．(disappoint)
5．It was the teacher's detailed ____________ and excellent teaching that ____________ us in the right direction toward final success．(guide)
6．Whenever you make ____________ with others，make sure you have understood all the details and try to get there a few minutes before the ____________ time．(appoint)
7．I think your friend Li Ming is ____________，and you may ____________ on it that he can offer you a hand whenever you're in trouble．(rely)
8．At first，I always felt ____________ for my failure to adapt to the new environment，but my head teacher ____________ me and gave me much ____________．(courage)
Ⅱ．一詞多義/熟詞生義
1．a(chǎn)rrest
A．吸引　B．逮捕　C．阻止
(1)It was a policeman who came to arrest him and put him into prison for destroying the shop window． ________
(2)It enjoys wide popularity，so there's no doubt it will arrest the audiences' attention once you start to sing． ________
(3)The sufferer may have to make major changes in his or her life to arrest the disease． ________
2．cheat
A．欺騙　B．消磨　C．作弊
(1)From the first time students take an examination，they are told not to cheat． ________
(2)Because of their lack of social experience，they are more easily cheated by others． ________
(3)He regretted that he cheated those precious time in university． ________
3．(2023·浙江1月卷)Sitting on a branch，he inched towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive． ________
A．vi．謹(jǐn)慎移動(dòng)　　　　　B．n．英寸
C．n．短距離
4．(2022·浙江1月卷) The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list． ________
A．好處，優(yōu)點(diǎn)　　　　　　B．獎(jiǎng)金，紅利　　　　　　　C．意外收獲
5．My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree． ________
A．使固定　　　　　　　　B．拋錨　　　　　　　　　　C．主持
Ⅲ．寫(xiě)作遷移
1．我很榮幸能站在這里發(fā)表關(guān)于成為聰明的在線(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)者的演講。(it作形式主語(yǔ)，privilege)
_____________________________________________________________________
deliver a speech on being smart online learners．
2．這本參考書(shū)值得你購(gòu)買(mǎi)，因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)你的學(xué)習(xí)很有幫助。(worthwhile)
___________________________the reference book，because it is helpful for your study．
3．我們大多數(shù)人最終會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于一個(gè)我們或其他人需要幫助的情況下。(where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)
Most of us will eventually find ourselves in a situation__________________________．
假如你是新華中學(xué)高三年級(jí)的學(xué)生李華，本月你校校報(bào)的英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)欄正在舉辦以“Be a Student with Dreams and Responsibilities”為主題的征文活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1．你的理想；2．發(fā)出倡議。
　寫(xiě)作微練
①隨著中國(guó)的快速發(fā)展，我們年輕人應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持我們的夢(mèng)想，肩負(fù)起我們的責(zé)任。(stick to；shoulder)
With the rapid development of China，we，youngsters，_________________________
__________________．
②至于我，我一直夢(mèng)想著讓這個(gè)世界變得更好。(as for)
_____________，I always dream to better this world．
③我努力精通西方和東方文化。它讓我傳播中國(guó)文化。(be good at)
________________________________________．It allows me to spread Chinese culture．
④我將盡我的一份力量，使我們的國(guó)家更加強(qiáng)大、美麗。(do one's part)
________________________ to make our country more powerful and beautiful．
⑤我真誠(chéng)地呼吁每一個(gè)學(xué)生不遺余力地去實(shí)現(xiàn)中國(guó)夢(mèng)。(appeal to)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________ to realize the Chinese Dream．
⑥只有我們年輕一代努力奮斗，我們的國(guó)家才能興旺發(fā)達(dá)。(thrive)
Our nation will thrive ________________________________________________．
　句式升級(jí)
⑦用which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句升級(jí)句③
_____________________________________________________________________
⑧用倒裝句升級(jí)句⑥
_____________________________________________________________________
　妙筆成篇
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
　語(yǔ)料積累
教材語(yǔ)料 亮詞 rejoice；embrace
美句 1．“Thanks，Granny！” I said，smiling． 2．Grandma smiled back happily at me，with deep wrinkles around her eyes．
拓展語(yǔ)料 單詞 laugh v．笑；laughter n．笑，笑聲；roar v．放聲大笑；beam v．笑容滿(mǎn)面；sneer at 嘲笑；譏笑；mock v．嘲笑；(模仿)嘲弄
語(yǔ)塊 burst out laughing 突然大笑；burst into laughter 突然大笑起來(lái)；laugh out loud 大聲笑；crack up 哈哈大笑；choke with laughter 笑得喘不過(guò)氣；can't help laughing 禁不住笑；laugh uncontrollably 無(wú)法自控地笑；laugh at 嘲笑；laugh one's head off 大笑不止；laugh up one's sleeve 竊笑；laugh in one's face 當(dāng)面嘲笑；have a good laugh 開(kāi)懷大笑
句型 1．A good laugh can brighten even the darkest day． 開(kāi)懷大笑甚至可以照亮最黑暗的日子。 2．Laughter is the universal language that brings people together． 笑聲是一種通用的語(yǔ)言，能把人們團(tuán)結(jié)在一起。 3．Laughter is the best therapy for a weary soul． 對(duì)于疲憊的靈魂來(lái)說(shuō)，笑聲是最好的治療。 4．Laughter that lingers is a memory that lasts． 揮之不去的笑聲是持久的記憶。 5．A heart filled with laughter is a heart filled with love． 充滿(mǎn)笑聲的心是充滿(mǎn)愛(ài)的心。 6．Laughter is the passport to a good time． 笑聲是享受美好時(shí)光的通行證。
　語(yǔ)料運(yùn)用
①當(dāng)我說(shuō)媽媽不讓我?guī)直頃r(shí)，他們突然大笑起來(lái)。
When I said my mother couldn't let me bring the watch，they ________________
________________________．
②“真會(huì)編故事！”克勞利冷笑著說(shuō)。
“What a story！” Crawley said ________________________________．
③其他人甚至笑得喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)。
The others even ________________________________________________．
④我差點(diǎn)兒哭了出來(lái)，但我別無(wú)選擇，只能用笑來(lái)消除這種尷尬，因?yàn)檫@是我年輕生命中最悲傷的時(shí)刻。
I nearly wept，but I had no choice but to________________________________
________，for it was the saddest moment of my young life．
⑤當(dāng)我靜靜地坐在書(shū)桌前時(shí)，一種奇怪的感覺(jué)悄悄襲來(lái)。
________________________________________，a strange feeling stole over me．
⑥我所能想到的就是祖父的話(huà)：“耐心和努力。”
All I could think of was my grandfather's words，“___________________________
_________________________________”
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