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　動詞不定式
　　　　　　　語態形式 時態形式　　　　 主動 被動
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
1．動詞不定式作主語
語法規則 例句
不定式作主語時，可以直接放在句首。單個的不定式作主語時謂語動詞用單數 To enter a good university for further study is my goal now．
有時不定式作主語時放在謂語之后，用it作形式主語，常用句型有： It is ＋ adj．＋ to do sth． It is ＋ a/an ＋ n．(pleasure ，pity，crime，honor...) ＋ to do sth． It is ＋adj．＋ for sb．＋to do sth． It is ＋adj．(表人品的形容詞)＋ of sb．＋ to do sth． It took (sb．) some time / courage/ wisdom...＋to do sth． It's necessary for us to help those in need． It's a great honor for her to win this award．
2．動詞不定式作賓語
語法規則 例句
不定式可作intend，plan，expect，pretend，would like/love/prefer，wish，decide，agree，manage，refuse，promise，attempt，choose，learn，fail，afford等動詞(短語)的賓語 The teacher decided to pretend to have known what the boys had done．He chose not to ask the boys but expected to be told everything．
在某些動詞，如find，think，consider，feel，make，believe等后，常用it作形式賓語，而把真正的賓語(不定式)后置 He feels/thinks it important to learn English well，but finds it difficult to remember the words．
3．動詞不定式作表語
語法規則 例句
不定式作表語時，主語多是dream，goal，aim，purpose，plan 等表示“意向、打算、計劃”的名詞 My dream is to become a doctor after my graduation from university．
4．動詞不定式作定語
語法規則 例句
放在序數詞，the only，the next，形容詞最高級＋名詞后作定語 John is always the first one to come up with a good idea．
放在某些名詞，如chance，opportunity，way，ability，plan，effort 等后作定語 I feel greatly honoured to have the chance to deliver a speech here．
不定式作定語時，須放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之后，與中心詞可能是主謂關系(即不定式的邏輯主語是該動作的發出者)，也可能是動賓關系(即不定式的邏輯主語是該動作的承受者) We are in need of nurses to look after the kids． I have several questions to discuss with you．
如果作定語的不定式為不及物動詞，其后要加上相應的介詞 He has no room to live in． I need a pen to write with．
5．動詞不定式作狀語
語法規則 例句
作目的狀語時，可位于句首或句中，形式上可用in order to do，so as to do，to do等 I got up early so as to/in order to/to catch the early bus in the morning．
作結果狀語時，常用于too...to...，enough to，so/such...as to結構中。only to do常表示出乎意料的結果 I asked Mum to put up the tent excitedly，only to be told the tent had been left behind．
放在be happy/glad/sorry/sad/surprised后作原因狀語 I am extremely glad to know that you are coming to China for a visit during the summer holiday．　
6．動詞不定式作賓語補足語
語法規則 例句
下列動詞后常用不定式作賓語補足語：ask，want，invite，get，force，expect，allow，persuade，order，warn，remind，prefer，cause，permit，forbid，advise，teach，tell等。 with＋名詞/代詞＋不定式，不定式表示動作尚未發生 I am writing to invite you to come to my birthday party． With a lot of homework to do，I can't go skating with you．
下列動詞(短語)接省略to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語：see，notice，observe，watch，look at，hear，listen to，let，have，make。但用于被動語態時，不定式需加to I often hear the girl sing the song which is popular recently．＝The girl is often heard to sing the song which is popular recently by me．
7．動詞不定式作主語補足語
語法規則 例句
在句型 sth．/sb．be said/reported/thought/ believed/known/supposed中，用不定式作主語補足語，形式主要有to do，to be doing，to have done He is said to go abroad． He is said to be sleeping． Bell is said to have invented the telephone．
　動詞-ing形式
　　　 語態形式 時態形式　　　　 主動 被動 意義
一般式 doing being done 其表示的動作與句中謂語動詞的動作同時發生，或幾乎同時發生
完成式 having done having been done 其表示的動作先于句中謂語動詞的動作發生
1．動詞-ing形式作主語
語法規則 例句
動詞-ing形式作主語時，可以直接放在句首。單個的動詞-ing形式作主語時，謂語動詞用單數，但表示多于一個的概念時，謂語動詞則用復數 Playing cell phone games is his favourite． Swimming in summer and skating in winter are his greatest pleasure．
有時用it作形式主語，常用于It is/was a waste (of...)/no use/no good/no pleasure doing sth．結構中 It is no use trying to persuade such a stubborn person．
2．動詞-ing形式作賓語
語法規則 例句
動詞-ing形式常作介詞的賓語。by，feel like(想要)，lead to，be busy (in)，devote...to...，be addicted to，be accustomed / be used to，object to，pay attention to，be opposed to，look forward to，have fun/difficulty/ trouble (in) ，spend time (in)，there is no point (in) I help Mum out by doing the housework that I can do． Learning that you have trouble in learning Chinese，I'm writing to offer some suggestions．
動詞-ing形式可作下列動詞的賓語：mind，miss，mention，enjoy，escape，practise，postpone，suggest，tolerate，consider，keep，avoid，admit，advise，allow/permit，appreciate，risk，resist，recommend，finish，forbid，imagine，dislike，delay，quit，deny等 Little Tom is considering quitting practising playing the violin because his neighbour couldn't tolerate listening to the noise every day．
在動詞(短語)need，require，want，deserve，be worth后，用動詞-ing形式表示被動意義 These clothes need washing．＝These clothes need to be washed．
3．動詞-ing形式作表語
語法規則 例句
動詞-ing形式作表語表示籠統的、抽象的概念 My hobby is reading books．
表示情緒的動詞-ing形式作表語時，相當于形容詞，意為“令人……的”。如：amazing，confusing，frightening，surprising等 The news is surprising．
4．動詞-ing形式作定語
語法規則 例句
動詞-ing形式(短語)作定語，表示被修飾的名詞的動作、特征、用途和性能 a sleeping child a swimming pool
有些動詞-ing形式已經轉化成形容詞，常作定語修飾物，表示“令人……” a terrifying experience
動詞-ing形式作定語，表正在進行，doing表主動進行；being done表被動進行。 單個的動詞-ing形式作定語時，放在被修飾詞前；動詞-ing形式短語作定語時，放在被修飾詞之后 falling leaves the girl wearing a red dress the bridge being built now
5．動詞-ing形式作狀語
語法規則 例句
動詞-ing形式可以作時間、原因、條件、伴隨、結果狀語，強調與句子主語之間的主動關系 Walking in the street，I came across an old friend．
having done與句中主語構成邏輯上的主謂關系，且先于謂語動作發生 Having waited in line for two hours，the old man became impatient．
having been done與句子主語構成邏輯上的動賓關系，且先于謂語動作發生 Having been told many times，the boy still made the same mistake again and again．
6．動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語
語法規則 例句
動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語時，賓語與賓語補足語之間在邏輯上是主謂關系，結構為vt．＋sb．/sth．＋doing...?？梢杂糜诖私Y構的動詞有：feel，catch，find，hear，have/keep/get/leave，see/watch/observe/notice 注意：have sb．doing sth．用于否定句中，常與can't，won't等連用，表示“不能容忍某人做某事”。 with＋名詞/代詞＋動詞-ing形式，動詞-ing形式可表示主動和動作正在進行 I am sorry for keeping you waiting for me for such a long time． I won't have you speaking to your dad like that，which is so rude． He lay on the grass with his eyes looking at the sky．
　動詞-ed形式
1．動詞-ed形式作定語
語法規則 例句
單個的動詞-ed形式作定語時，放在被修飾詞之前；動詞-ed形式短語作定語時，放在被修飾詞之后。及物動詞的-ed形式作定語表示被動和完成；不及物動詞的-ed形式作定語只表示完成 a broken glass the bridge completed last month fallen leaves
2．動詞-ed形式作狀語
語法規則 例句
動詞-ed形式作狀語，邏輯主語是句子的主語，用作時間、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨狀語，強調該動作與句子主語之間的被動關系 Seen from the top of the mountain，our city looks beautiful．
3．動詞-ed形式作賓語補足語
語法規則 例句
動詞-ed形式作賓語補足語時，賓語與賓語補足語之間存在邏輯上的動賓關系，構成vt．＋sb．/sth．＋done結構。 with復合結構中，動詞-ed形式作賓語補足語表示一個被動的、已完成的動作 She had to raise her voice to make herself heard． The old man wanted his old watch repaired． With his homework finished，he went to the park to play．
4．動詞-ed形式作表語
語法規則 例句
表示情緒的動詞-ed形式作表語時，相當于形容詞，意為“感到……的”。如：amazed，confused，frightened，surprised等 I felt really surprised when she told me the exciting news．
　其他非謂語形式
1．獨立主格
語法規則 例句
①獨立主格結構的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，它獨立存在； ②獨立主格結構中作邏輯主語的名詞或代詞與后面的分詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、介詞短語等是邏輯上的主謂或動賓關系； ③獨立主格結構一般用逗號與句子分開 If weather permits，we shall play the match tomorrow． ＝Weather permitting，we shall play the match tomorrow． Because her bike was stolen，she had to walk home． ＝Her bike stolen，she had to walk home． Because an important essay is to be handed in tomorrow，Angel has to stay up late． ＝An important essay to be handed in tomorrow，Angel has to stay up late．
2．獨立成分作狀語
獨立成分 例句
generally speaking Generally speaking，the rule is very easy to understand． Judging from his accent，he is from Hong Kong． To tell you the truth，I am a little tired．
frankly/honestly speaking
judging from/by...
considering.../taking...into consideration/account
to tell you the truth
seeing...
given...
compared to/with...
Ⅰ．單句語法填空
1．The latest ____________ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful．
2．Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level，the national parks，in particular，tend ____________ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety．
3．____________(highlight) China's economic growth and its transition to a global economic powerhouse would be a great aspect to cover．
4．(2024·北京卷)My friends checked and came back ____________(shout)，“Amy，you got the main role！”
5．They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ____________ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas，which are on loan from China．
6．(2024·全國甲卷)Hotpot is meant for families and friends ____________ (sit) together，dip everything they like in one pot，and share friendship and love．
7．Her fable begins，____________ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables．
8．(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷)Four days later，when I was back in Vienna，I called Gunter as ____________(promise)．
Ⅱ．語法鏈接寫作
1．________________________ not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much-needed break from the usual hustle and bustle of school life．
被大自然包圍不僅激發了我的創造力，也讓我從繁忙和喧囂的學校生活中得到了急需的休息。
2．Firstly，shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility，____________________________________ for short trips．
首先，共享單車已經成為城市交通的象征，為短途出行提供了一種經濟實惠、綠色環保的選擇。
3．__________________________________，I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park's pond，surrounded by blooming flowers．
受到美景的啟發，我決定創作一幅水彩畫，畫的是公園池塘上的小橋，周圍是盛開的鮮花。
4．________________________________________________________，I went to Xingxin Farm to pick some oranges together with my classmates last weekend．
為了緩解學習帶來的壓力，上周末我和同學一起去了興鑫農場摘橘子。
5．________________________ that David could run if he wanted，I turned around to find him coming towards me，his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward．
在確認了大衛想跑就能跑的情況后，我轉過身發現他朝我走來，他瘦小的身體隨著他的雙腳向前擺動而左右搖晃。
Ⅲ．語法填空
(2023·新課標Ⅰ卷改編)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings)，those 1．____________ (amaze) constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers，encasing hot，tasty soup and sweet，fresh meat，are far and away my favorite Chinese street food．The dumplings arrive 2．____________ (steam) and dangerously hot．To eat one，you have to decide whether 3．____________(bite) a small hole in it first，releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出)，4．____________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth，letting the hot soup explode on your tongue(舌頭)．
Shanghai may be the 5．____________ (recognize) home of the soup dumpling，but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's birthplace．There，you will find them 6．____________ (prepare) differently—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed 7．____________ hand rather than rolled．
Nanxiang aside，the best xiao long bao have a fine skin，allowing them 8．____________(lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents．The meat should be fresh with 9．____________ touch of sweetness，and the surrounding soup hot，clear and delicious．
No matter where I buy them，though，one steamer basket is rarely enough，yet two seems greedy，and so I am always left 10．____________ (want) more next time．
10 / 10　動詞不定式
　　　　　　　語態形式 時態形式　　　　 主動 被動
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
1．動詞不定式作主語
語法規則 例句
不定式作主語時，可以直接放在句首。單個的不定式作主語時謂語動詞用單數 To enter a good university for further study is my goal now．
有時不定式作主語時放在謂語之后，用it作形式主語，常用句型有： It is ＋ adj．＋ to do sth． It is ＋ a/an ＋ n．(pleasure ，pity，crime，honor...) ＋ to do sth． It is ＋adj．＋ for sb．＋to do sth． It is ＋adj．(表人品的形容詞)＋ of sb．＋ to do sth． It took (sb．) some time / courage/ wisdom...＋to do sth． It's necessary for us to help those in need． It's a great honor for her to win this award．
2．動詞不定式作賓語
語法規則 例句
不定式可作intend，plan，expect，pretend，would like/love/prefer，wish，decide，agree，manage，refuse，promise，attempt，choose，learn，fail，afford等動詞(短語)的賓語 The teacher decided to pretend to have known what the boys had done．He chose not to ask the boys but expected to be told everything．
在某些動詞，如find，think，consider，feel，make，believe等后，常用it作形式賓語，而把真正的賓語(不定式)后置 He feels/thinks it important to learn English well，but finds it difficult to remember the words．
3．動詞不定式作表語
語法規則 例句
不定式作表語時，主語多是dream，goal，aim，purpose，plan 等表示“意向、打算、計劃”的名詞 My dream is to become a doctor after my graduation from university．
4．動詞不定式作定語
語法規則 例句
放在序數詞，the only，the next，形容詞最高級＋名詞后作定語 John is always the first one to come up with a good idea．
放在某些名詞，如chance，opportunity，way，ability，plan，effort 等后作定語 I feel greatly honoured to have the chance to deliver a speech here．
不定式作定語時，須放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之后，與中心詞可能是主謂關系(即不定式的邏輯主語是該動作的發出者)，也可能是動賓關系(即不定式的邏輯主語是該動作的承受者) We are in need of nurses to look after the kids． I have several questions to discuss with you．
如果作定語的不定式為不及物動詞，其后要加上相應的介詞 He has no room to live in． I need a pen to write with．
5．動詞不定式作狀語
語法規則 例句
作目的狀語時，可位于句首或句中，形式上可用in order to do，so as to do，to do等 I got up early so as to/in order to/to catch the early bus in the morning．
作結果狀語時，常用于too...to...，enough to，so/such...as to結構中。only to do常表示出乎意料的結果 I asked Mum to put up the tent excitedly，only to be told the tent had been left behind．
放在be happy/glad/sorry/sad/surprised后作原因狀語 I am extremely glad to know that you are coming to China for a visit during the summer holiday．　
6．動詞不定式作賓語補足語
語法規則 例句
下列動詞后常用不定式作賓語補足語：ask，want，invite，get，force，expect，allow，persuade，order，warn，remind，prefer，cause，permit，forbid，advise，teach，tell等。 with＋名詞/代詞＋不定式，不定式表示動作尚未發生 I am writing to invite you to come to my birthday party． With a lot of homework to do，I can't go skating with you．
下列動詞(短語)接省略to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語：see，notice，observe，watch，look at，hear，listen to，let，have，make。但用于被動語態時，不定式需加to I often hear the girl sing the song which is popular recently．＝The girl is often heard to sing the song which is popular recently by me．
7．動詞不定式作主語補足語
語法規則 例句
在句型 sth．/sb．be said/reported/thought/ believed/known/supposed中，用不定式作主語補足語，形式主要有to do，to be doing，to have done He is said to go abroad． He is said to be sleeping． Bell is said to have invented the telephone．
　動詞-ing形式
　　　 語態形式 時態形式　　　　 主動 被動 意義
一般式 doing being done 其表示的動作與句中謂語動詞的動作同時發生，或幾乎同時發生
完成式 having done having been done 其表示的動作先于句中謂語動詞的動作發生
1．動詞-ing形式作主語
語法規則 例句
動詞-ing形式作主語時，可以直接放在句首。單個的動詞-ing形式作主語時，謂語動詞用單數，但表示多于一個的概念時，謂語動詞則用復數 Playing cell phone games is his favourite． Swimming in summer and skating in winter are his greatest pleasure．
有時用it作形式主語，常用于It is/was a waste (of...)/no use/no good/no pleasure doing sth．結構中 It is no use trying to persuade such a stubborn person．
2．動詞-ing形式作賓語
語法規則 例句
動詞-ing形式常作介詞的賓語。by，feel like(想要)，lead to，be busy (in)，devote...to...，be addicted to，be accustomed / be used to，object to，pay attention to，be opposed to，look forward to，have fun/difficulty/ trouble (in) ，spend time (in)，there is no point (in) I help Mum out by doing the housework that I can do． Learning that you have trouble in learning Chinese，I'm writing to offer some suggestions．
動詞-ing形式可作下列動詞的賓語：mind，miss，mention，enjoy，escape，practise，postpone，suggest，tolerate，consider，keep，avoid，admit，advise，allow/permit，appreciate，risk，resist，recommend，finish，forbid，imagine，dislike，delay，quit，deny等 Little Tom is considering quitting practising playing the violin because his neighbour couldn't tolerate listening to the noise every day．
在動詞(短語)need，require，want，deserve，be worth后，用動詞-ing形式表示被動意義 These clothes need washing．＝These clothes need to be washed．
3．動詞-ing形式作表語
語法規則 例句
動詞-ing形式作表語表示籠統的、抽象的概念 My hobby is reading books．
表示情緒的動詞-ing形式作表語時，相當于形容詞，意為“令人……的”。如：amazing，confusing，frightening，surprising等 The news is surprising．
4．動詞-ing形式作定語
語法規則 例句
動詞-ing形式(短語)作定語，表示被修飾的名詞的動作、特征、用途和性能 a sleeping child a swimming pool
有些動詞-ing形式已經轉化成形容詞，常作定語修飾物，表示“令人……” a terrifying experience
動詞-ing形式作定語，表正在進行，doing表主動進行；being done表被動進行。 單個的動詞-ing形式作定語時，放在被修飾詞前；動詞-ing形式短語作定語時，放在被修飾詞之后 falling leaves the girl wearing a red dress the bridge being built now
5．動詞-ing形式作狀語
語法規則 例句
動詞-ing形式可以作時間、原因、條件、伴隨、結果狀語，強調與句子主語之間的主動關系 Walking in the street，I came across an old friend．
having done與句中主語構成邏輯上的主謂關系，且先于謂語動作發生 Having waited in line for two hours，the old man became impatient．
having been done與句子主語構成邏輯上的動賓關系，且先于謂語動作發生 Having been told many times，the boy still made the same mistake again and again．
6．動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語
語法規則 例句
動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語時，賓語與賓語補足語之間在邏輯上是主謂關系，結構為vt．＋sb．/sth．＋doing...。可以用于此結構的動詞有：feel，catch，find，hear，have/keep/get/leave，see/watch/observe/notice 注意：have sb．doing sth．用于否定句中，常與can't，won't等連用，表示“不能容忍某人做某事”。 with＋名詞/代詞＋動詞-ing形式，動詞-ing形式可表示主動和動作正在進行 I am sorry for keeping you waiting for me for such a long time． I won't have you speaking to your dad like that，which is so rude． He lay on the grass with his eyes looking at the sky．
　動詞-ed形式
1．動詞-ed形式作定語
語法規則 例句
單個的動詞-ed形式作定語時，放在被修飾詞之前；動詞-ed形式短語作定語時，放在被修飾詞之后。及物動詞的-ed形式作定語表示被動和完成；不及物動詞的-ed形式作定語只表示完成 a broken glass the bridge completed last month fallen leaves
2．動詞-ed形式作狀語
語法規則 例句
動詞-ed形式作狀語，邏輯主語是句子的主語，用作時間、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨狀語，強調該動作與句子主語之間的被動關系 Seen from the top of the mountain，our city looks beautiful．
3．動詞-ed形式作賓語補足語
語法規則 例句
動詞-ed形式作賓語補足語時，賓語與賓語補足語之間存在邏輯上的動賓關系，構成vt．＋sb．/sth．＋done結構。 with復合結構中，動詞-ed形式作賓語補足語表示一個被動的、已完成的動作 She had to raise her voice to make herself heard． The old man wanted his old watch repaired． With his homework finished，he went to the park to play．
4．動詞-ed形式作表語
語法規則 例句
表示情緒的動詞-ed形式作表語時，相當于形容詞，意為“感到……的”。如：amazed，confused，frightened，surprised等 I felt really surprised when she told me the exciting news．
　其他非謂語形式
1．獨立主格
語法規則 例句
①獨立主格結構的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，它獨立存在； ②獨立主格結構中作邏輯主語的名詞或代詞與后面的分詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、介詞短語等是邏輯上的主謂或動賓關系； ③獨立主格結構一般用逗號與句子分開 If weather permits，we shall play the match tomorrow． ＝Weather permitting，we shall play the match tomorrow． Because her bike was stolen，she had to walk home． ＝Her bike stolen，she had to walk home． Because an important essay is to be handed in tomorrow，Angel has to stay up late． ＝An important essay to be handed in tomorrow，Angel has to stay up late．
2．獨立成分作狀語
獨立成分 例句
generally speaking Generally speaking，the rule is very easy to understand． Judging from his accent，he is from Hong Kong． To tell you the truth，I am a little tired．
frankly/honestly speaking
judging from/by...
considering.../taking...into consideration/account
to tell you the truth
seeing...
given...
compared to/with...
Ⅰ．單句語法填空
1．The latest engineering (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful．
2．Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level，the national parks，in particular，tend to catch (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety．
3．Highlighting(highlight) China's economic growth and its transition to a global economic powerhouse would be a great aspect to cover．
4．(2024·北京卷)My friends checked and came back shouting (shout)，“Amy，you got the main role！”
5．They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas，which are on loan from China．
6．(2024·全國甲卷)Hotpot is meant for families and friends to sit (sit) together，dip everything they like in one pot，and share friendship and love．
7．Her fable begins，borrowing (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables．
8．(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷)Four days later，when I was back in Vienna，I called Gunter as promised (promise)．
Ⅱ．語法鏈接寫作
1．Being surrounded by nature not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much-needed break from the usual hustle and bustle of school life．
被大自然包圍不僅激發了我的創造力，也讓我從繁忙和喧囂的學校生活中得到了急需的休息。
2．Firstly，shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility，offering an affordable and green alternative for short trips．
首先，共享單車已經成為城市交通的象征，為短途出行提供了一種經濟實惠、綠色環保的選擇。
3．Inspired by the fantastic scenery，I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park's pond，surrounded by blooming flowers．
受到美景的啟發，我決定創作一幅水彩畫，畫的是公園池塘上的小橋，周圍是盛開的鮮花。
4．In order to release the pressure resulting from our study，I went to Xingxin Farm to pick some oranges together with my classmates last weekend．
為了緩解學習帶來的壓力，上周末我和同學一起去了興鑫農場摘橘子。
5．Having made sure that David could run if he wanted，I turned around to find him coming towards me，his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward．
在確認了大衛想跑就能跑的情況后，我轉過身發現他朝我走來，他瘦小的身體隨著他的雙腳向前擺動而左右搖晃。
Ⅲ．語法填空
(2023·新課標Ⅰ卷改編)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings)，those 1．amazing (amaze) constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers，encasing hot，tasty soup and sweet，fresh meat，are far and away my favorite Chinese street food．The dumplings arrive 2．steaming (steam) and dangerously hot．To eat one，you have to decide whether 3．to bite(bite) a small hole in it first，releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出)，4．or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth，letting the hot soup explode on your tongue(舌頭)．
Shanghai may be the 5．recognized (recognize) home of the soup dumpling，but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's birthplace．There，you will find them 6．prepared (prepare) differently—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed 7．by hand rather than rolled．
Nanxiang aside，the best xiao long bao have a fine skin，allowing them 8．to be lifted(lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents．The meat should be fresh with 9．a touch of sweetness，and the surrounding soup hot，clear and delicious．
No matter where I buy them，though，one steamer basket is rarely enough，yet two seems greedy，and so I am always left 10．wanting (want) more next time．
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