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Unit 7 The natural world 基礎測試卷
一、詞匯選擇題（共 10 小題，每小題 1 分）
1.The Amazon Rainforest is home to a large amount of ______.
A. wildlife B. buildings C. cars D. computers
2.Too much carbon dioxide in the air can ______ global warming.
A. prevent B. cause C. stop D. finish
3.Wetlands can help ______ floods by storing water.
A. increase B. reduce C. make D. bring
4.Coral reefs are important ______ that support many sea animals.
A. ecosystems B. cities C. countries D. houses
5.We should take action to ______ the environment from pollution.
A. harm B. protect C. damage D. destroy
6.The ______ of the Arctic is changing due to global warming.
A. climate B. temperature C. weather D. season
7.Plants in forests can take in carbon dioxide and produce ______.
A. water B. oxygen C. food D. sugar
8.The Great Barrier Reef is made up of millions of ______.
A. corals B. trees C. grasses D. flowers
9.Many animals are in danger because of ______ loss.
A. habitat B. food C. water D. energy
10.Zhalong Nature Reserve is a ______ for many rare birds.
A. home B. school C. factory D. hospital
二、語法選擇題（共 10 小題，每小題 1 分）
11.The ocean ______ about 71% of the earth's surface.
A. cover B. covers C. covering D. is cover
12.Wetlands ______ like the "kidneys" of the earth.
A. act B. acts C. acting D. to act
13.Forests ______ the "lungs" of the earth.
A. are called B. is called C. called D. calling
14.We should ______ rubbish to protect the ocean.
A. not throw B. not to throw C. not throwing D. not thrown
15.The sun ______ light and heat to the earth.
A. give B. gives C. giving D. to give
16.Many animals ______ in the ocean.
A. lives B. live C. living D. to live
17.______ the climate is changing, animals are losing their homes.
A. So B. But C. As D. Or
18.We can help protect ecosystems ______ planting more trees.
A. by B. with C. for D. at
19.The 濕地 ______ many kinds of plants and animals.
A. is home to B. are home to C. is home of D. are home of
20.It's important ______ the environment.
A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. protected
三、詞匯填空題（共 10 小題，每小題 1 分）
21.The e______ includes all living and non-living things in an area.
22.We should p______ wild animals from being killed.
23.The Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral r______ in the world.
24.Plants can s______ water in their roots.
25.The Arctic is facing serious p______ due to climate change.
26.Wetlands help get r______ of pollution.
27.The ______ (氣候) in the desert is very dry.
28.Coral reefs are in danger because of ______ (污染).
29.We need to ______ (保護) our natural world.
30.The ______ (生態系統) of the ocean is very important.
四、語法段落填空（共 10 小題，每小題 1 分）
The ocean (31)______ (be) a large ecosystem. It (32)______ (cover) about 71% of the earth's surface. The ocean (33)______ (produce) about 70% of the earth's oxygen. It (34)______ (hold) a lot of water. The water (35)______ (rise) to the sky, falls onto the land, and then (36)______ (return) to the ocean. This cycle (37)______ (help) keep the earth's water clean.
But now the ocean (38)______ (face) many problems. There (39)______ (be) a lot of plastic waste in the ocean. We should (40)______ (take) action to protect it.
五、閱讀理解（共 10 小題，每小題 2 分）
A
The Importance of Wetlands
Wetlands are important ecosystems on earth. They cover about 6% of the earth's land area, but they are home to about 40% of the world's plants and animals. Wetlands can be found in many places, from small ponds to large areas near rivers and lakes.
One of the most important jobs of wetlands is to clean water. Plants in wetlands help get rid of pollution and make the water clean. Wetlands can also help prevent floods. During heavy rains, wetlands store water like giant sponges. This helps reduce the risk of floods in nearby areas.
Wetlands are also home to many rare and endangered species. For example, the red-crowned crane lives in wetlands. Without wetlands, these animals would have no place to live and could die out.
However, wetlands are facing many problems. People are using wetland land for farms and buildings, which reduces the size of wetlands. Pollution from factories and homes also harms wetlands. We need to protect wetlands to keep our environment healthy.
41.What percent of the earth's land area do wetlands cover
A. About 6%. B. About 40%. C. About 71%. D. About 70%.
42.What can wetlands do to help during heavy rains
A. Cause floods. B. Store water. C. Make pollution. D. Kill animals.
43.Why are red-crowned cranes mentioned in the passage
A. To show they are common animals.
B. To show wetlands are important for rare species.
C. To show they live everywhere.
D. To show they are not in danger.
44.What is one problem wetlands are facing
A. Too much water. B. Being used for farms.
C. Too many plants. D. Too little pollution.
45.What's the main idea of the passage
A. Wetlands are not important.
B. How to visit wetlands.
C. The importance of wetlands and the problems they face.
D. Animals living in wetlands.
B
The Wonders of the Ocean
The ocean is one of the most wonderful ecosystems on earth. It covers around 71% of the earth's surface and is home to millions of species. From tiny fish to huge whales, the ocean is full of life.
The ocean produces about 70% of the earth's oxygen. Plants in the ocean, like algae, take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen. This is very important for all living things on earth.
The ocean also helps control the earth's climate. It stores heat from the sun and moves it around the world. This helps keep the climate balanced.
But the ocean is in danger. Pollution, such as plastic waste and wastewater, is harming sea life. Overfishing is also a problem, as it reduces the number of fish in the ocean. We need to take action to protect the ocean, such as cleaning up beaches and using less plastic.
How much of the earth's surface does the ocean cover
A. About 6%. B. About 40%. C. About 71%. D. About 70%.
47. What does the ocean produce
A. About 70% of the earth's oxygen. B. About 40% of the world's plants.
C. About 6% of the earth's land. D. About 71% of the earth's heat.
48. How does the ocean help control the climate
A. By producing oxygen. B. By storing heat.
C. By causing floods. D. By making pollution.
49. What is a problem the ocean is facing
A. Too many fish. B. Plastic waste.
C. Too much oxygen. D. Not enough water.
50. What can we do to protect the ocean
A. Throw more plastic. B. Clean up beaches.
C. Catch more fish. D. Build more factories by the ocean.
六、完形填空（共 15 小題，每小題 1 分）
The natural world is full of amazing ecosystems. Each ecosystem (51)______ a special role in keeping the earth healthy.
Oceans are large ecosystems. They (52)______ about 71% of the earth's surface. The ocean is (53)______ to many kinds of sea life. It also produces a lot of oxygen for us to (54)______.
Wetlands are another important ecosystem. They (55)______ like the "kidneys" of the earth (56)______ they clean water. Wetlands also help (57)______ floods. Many (58)______ birds live in wetlands.
Forests are often (59)______ the "lungs" of the earth. They take in carbon dioxide and (60)______ oxygen. Forests are home to many animals and plants.
However, these ecosystems are (61)______ danger. Pollution and climate change are harming them. We need to (62)______ action to protect them. We can plant more trees, (63)______ less plastic, and help clean up waste.
Every person can do something to (64)______ the natural world. Let's work together to (65)______ our beautiful earth.
A. plays B. make C. take D. do
A. covers B. cover C. covering D. to cover
A. home B. house C. family D. room
A. eat B. drink C. breathe D. see
A. act B. acts C. acting D. to act
A. so B. but C. because D. or
A. increase B. reduce C. make D. bring
A. common B. rare C. many D. few
A. called B. call C. calling D. to call
A. produce B. produces C. producing D. to produce
A. at B. in C. out of D. on
A. make B. take C. do D. have
A. use B. using C. to use D. used
A. harm B. protect C. damage D. destroy
A. destroy B. protect C. change D. forget
七、書面表達（20 分）
寫一篇關于你所知道的生態系統的短文。包括:
1.什么是生態系統？
2.為什么它很重要？
3.它面臨著什么問題？
4.我們能做些什么來保護它？
5.寫80個單詞左右。/ 讓教學更有效 高效備考 | 英語學科
Unit 7 The natural world 基礎測試卷答案解析
一、詞匯選擇題
答案：A
解析：亞馬遜雨林是大量 “wildlife”（野生動物）的棲息地，這是常識。“buildings” 建筑物；“cars” 汽車；“computers” 電腦，均不符合雨林的環境，所以選 A。
答案：B
解析：空氣中過多的二氧化碳會 “cause”（導致）全球變暖，這是科學常識。“prevent” 阻止；“stop” 停止；“finish” 完成，均不符合邏輯，所以選 B。
答案：B
解析：濕地通過儲水能夠幫助 “reduce”（減少）洪水，這是濕地的作用之一。“increase” 增加；“make” 制造；“bring” 帶來，均與濕地的功能相悖，所以選 B。
答案：A
解析：珊瑚礁是重要的 “ecosystems”（生態系統），支撐著許多海洋動物。“cities” 城市；“countries” 國家；“houses” 房子，均不符合珊瑚礁的屬性，所以選 A。
答案：B
解析：“protect...from...” 是固定短語，意為 “保護…… 免受……”，我們應該采取行動保護環境免受污染，所以選 B。“harm” 傷害；“damage” 損壞；“destroy” 破壞，均不符合語境，所以選 B。
答案：A
解析：由于全球變暖，北極的 “climate”（氣候）正在變化，氣候是長期的天氣狀況。“temperature” 溫度；“weather” 天氣（短期）；“season” 季節，所以選 A。
答案：B
解析：森林里的植物吸收二氧化碳并產生 “oxygen”（氧氣），這是植物的光合作用。“water” 水；“food” 食物；“sugar” 糖，所以選 B。
答案：A
解析：大堡礁由數百萬的 “corals”（珊瑚）組成，這是常識。“trees” 樹；“grasses” 草；“flowers” 花，均不符合大堡礁的構成，所以選 A。
答案：A
解析：許多動物因 “habitat”（棲息地）喪失而處于危險中，棲息地喪失是動物瀕危的常見原因。“food” 食物；“water” 水；“energy” 能量，所以選 A。
答案：A
解析：扎龍自然保護區是許多珍稀鳥類的 “home”（家園）。“school” 學校；“factory” 工廠；“hospital” 醫院，均不符合保護區的功能，所以選 A。
二、語法選擇題
答案：B
解析：句子描述客觀事實，用一般現在時。主語 “the ocean” 是第三人稱單數，所以動詞 “cover” 用第三人稱單數形式 “covers”，選 B。
答案：A
解析：句子陳述客觀事實，用一般現在時。主語 “wetlands” 是復數，動詞 “act” 用原形，“act like” 意為 “像…… 一樣起作用”，所以選 A。
答案：A
解析：森林被稱為 “地球之肺”，用被動語態 “be called”，主語 “forests” 是復數，be 動詞用 “are”，所以選 A。
答案：A
解析：“should” 后接動詞原形，否定形式是 “should not + 動詞原形”，我們不應該扔垃圾來保護海洋，所以選 A。
答案：B
解析：句子描述客觀事實，用一般現在時。主語 “the sun” 是第三人稱單數，動詞 “give” 用第三人稱單數形式 “gives”，所以選 B。
答案：B
解析：句子陳述客觀事實，用一般現在時。主語 “many animals” 是復數，動詞 “live” 用原形，所以選 B。
答案：C
解析：“As” 在這里表示 “由于，隨著”，引導原因狀語從句，由于氣候在變化，動物正在失去家園，所以選 C。“So” 所以；“But” 但是；“Or” 或者，均不符合邏輯，所以選 C。
答案：A
解析：“by” 表示 “通過…… 方式”，我們可以通過種更多的樹來幫助保護生態系統，所以選 A。“with” 用；“for” 為了；“at” 在，所以選 A。
答案：B
解析：“be home to” 是固定短語，意為 “是…… 的家園”，濕地是許多動植物的家園，“濕地” 在這里表示復數概念，be 動詞用 “are”，所以選 B。
答案：B
解析：“It's important to do sth.” 是固定句型，意為 “做某事是重要的”，保護好環境是重要的，所以選 B。
三、詞匯填空題
答案：ecosystem
解析：根據 “includes all living and non-living things in an area”（包括一個區域內所有生物和非生物）以及首字母 “e” 可知，這里指 “ecosystem”（生態系統）。
答案：protect
解析：根據 “wild animals from being killed”（野生動物免受殺害）以及首字母 “p” 可知，這里指 “protect”（保護），“protect...from...” 是固定短語。
答案：reef
解析：“The Great Barrier Reef” 是大堡礁，是世界上最大的珊瑚礁，所以填 “reef”。
答案：store
解析：植物可以在根部 “store”（儲存）水，根據首字母 “s” 和語境可知填 “store”。
答案：problems
解析：由于氣候變化，北極正面臨嚴重的 “problems”（問題），根據首字母 “p” 和語境可知填 “problems”。
答案：rid
解析：“get rid of” 是固定短語，意為 “擺脫，除去”，濕地幫助除去污染，所以填 “rid”。
答案：climate
解析：“氣候” 的英文是 “climate”，沙漠的氣候很干燥，所以填 “climate”。
答案：pollution
解析：“污染” 的英文是 “pollution”，珊瑚礁因污染而處于危險中，所以填 “pollution”。
答案：protect
解析：“保護” 的英文是 “protect”，我們需要保護我們的自然界，“need to do sth.”，所以填 “protect”。
答案：ecosystem
解析：“生態系統” 的英文是 “ecosystem”，海洋的生態系統非常重要，所以填 “ecosystem”。
四、語法段落填空
答案：is
解析：描述海洋這一客觀存在的生態系統，用一般現在時，主語 “the ocean” 是第三人稱單數，be 動詞用 “is”。
答案：covers
解析：一般現在時，主語 “it”（指代海洋）是第三人稱單數，動詞 “cover” 用第三人稱單數形式 “covers”。
答案：produces
解析：一般現在時，主語 “the ocean” 是第三人稱單數，動詞 “produce” 用第三人稱單數形式 “produces”。
答案：holds
解析：一般現在時，主語 “it” 是第三人稱單數，動詞 “hold” 用第三人稱單數形式 “holds”。
答案：rises
解析：一般現在時，主語 “the water” 是第三人稱單數，動詞 “rise” 用第三人稱單數形式 “rises”。
答案：returns
解析：與 “rises”“falls” 并列，一般現在時，主語 “the water” 是第三人稱單數，動詞 “return” 用第三人稱單數形式 “returns”。
答案：helps
解析：一般現在時，主語 “this cycle” 是第三人稱單數，動詞 “help” 用第三人稱單數形式 “helps”。
答案：is facing
解析：“now” 表明動作正在進行，句子時態為現在進行時，“the ocean” 是單數，所以用 “is facing”。
答案：is
解析：“a lot of plastic waste” 是不可數名詞，在 “there be” 句型中，be 動詞用 “is”。
答案：take
解析：“should” 后接動詞原形，“take action” 是固定短語，意為 “采取行動”，所以填 “take”。
五、閱讀理解
A 篇
答案：A
解析：根據 “Wetlands are important ecosystems on earth. They cover about 6% of the earth's land area” 可知，濕地覆蓋地球陸地面積的約 6%，所以選 A。
答案：B
解析：由 “During heavy rains, wetlands store water like giant sponges.” 可知，大雨時濕地會儲水，所以選 B。
答案：B
解析：文中提到丹頂鶴是為了舉例說明濕地是許多珍稀瀕危物種的家園，體現濕地對珍稀物種的重要性，所以選 B。
答案：B
解析：根據 “People are using wetland land for farms and buildings, which reduces the size of wetlands.” 可知，濕地面臨的一個問題是被用于農場和建筑，所以選 B。
答案：C
解析：文章先講了濕地的重要性，包括凈化水、防洪、為珍稀物種提供棲息地等，然后講了濕地面臨的問題，所以主旨是濕地的重要性和面臨的問題，選 C。
B 篇
答案：C
解析：根據 “The ocean is one of the most wonderful ecosystems on earth. It covers around 71% of the earth's surface” 可知，海洋覆蓋地球表面的約 71%，所以選 C。
答案：A
解析：由 “The ocean produces about 70% of the earth's oxygen.” 可知，海洋產生地球約 70% 的氧氣，所以選 A。
答案：B
解析：從 “The ocean also helps control the earth's climate. It stores heat from the sun and moves it around the world.” 可知，海洋通過儲存熱量來幫助控制氣候，所以選 B。
答案：B
解析：根據 “But the ocean is in danger. Pollution, such as plastic waste and wastewater, is harming sea life.” 可知，海洋面臨的問題之一是塑料垃圾，所以選 B。
答案：B
解析：由 “We need to take action to protect the ocean, such as cleaning up beaches and using less plastic.” 可知，我們可以通過清理海灘來保護海洋，所以選 B。
六、完形填空
答案：A
解析：“play a role” 是固定短語，意為 “發揮作用”，每個生態系統在保持地球健康方面都發揮著特殊作用，所以選 A。
答案：B
解析：主語 “they”（指代海洋）是復數，一般現在時，動詞 “cover” 用原形，海洋覆蓋地球表面約 71%，所以選 B。
答案：A
解析：“be home to” 是固定短語，意為 “是…… 的家園”，海洋是許多海洋生物的家園，所以選 A。
答案：C
解析：海洋產生大量供我們 “breathe”（呼吸）的氧氣，氧氣是用來呼吸的，所以選 C。
答案：A
解析：主語 “they”（指代濕地）是復數，一般現在時，動詞 “act” 用原形，“act like” 意為 “像…… 一樣起作用”，所以選 A。
答案：C
解析：“because” 表示原因，濕地像地球的 “腎臟”，因為它們能凈化水，所以選 C。
答案：B
解析：濕地有助于 “reduce”（減少）洪水，這是濕地的功能之一，所以選 B。
答案：B
解析：許多 “rare”（珍稀的）鳥類生活在濕地，濕地為珍稀鳥類提供棲息地，所以選 B。
答案：A
解析：森林經常被 “called”（稱為）地球的 “肺”，用被動語態，所以選 A。
答案：A
解析：“take in” 和 “produce” 是并列動詞，主語 “forests” 是復數，動詞 “produce” 用原形，森林吸收二氧化碳并產生氧氣，所以選 A。
答案：B
解析：“in danger” 是固定短語，意為 “處于危險中”，這些生態系統正處于危險中，所以選 B。
答案：B
解析：“take action” 是固定短語，意為 “采取行動”，我們需要采取行動保護它們，所以選 B。
答案：A
解析：“use less plastic” 表示 “少用塑料”，與 “plant more trees”“help clean up waste” 并列，用動詞原形，所以選 A。
答案：B
解析：每個人都可以做些事情來 “protect”（保護）自然界，所以選 B。“harm” 傷害；“damage” 損壞；“destroy” 破壞，均不符合語境，所以選 B。
答案：B
解析：讓我們一起 “protect”（保護）我們美麗的地球，呼應前文的保護行動，所以選 B。
七、書面表達參考范文
An Ecosystem I Know
An ecosystem is made up of living things and their environment. For example, a forest ecosystem includes trees, animals and soil.
It's important because it keeps nature balanced. Plants produce oxygen, and animals help plants grow.
But it faces problems like pollution and deforestation. Many animals lose their homes.
We can protect it by planting trees, stopping pollution and not cutting down too many trees. Let's work to save it.

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