資源簡介

(共75張PPT)
把握單元 素養目標
主題意識 本單元的主題是學習英語、探索英語。通過了解英語的歷史、英語語言知識、英式英語與美式英語的差異等，豐富學生對英語的認知，激發學生學習英語的興趣，最終達成對語言現象、語言學習的跨文化理解，并反思和改進自己的英語學習方法、策略等。
語言項目 了解常見的構詞法，能夠根據構詞規律推斷詞義，進行單詞重構。
續表
語言輸入 聽 通過聽錄音，掌握如何在真實語境中詢問和解釋英語詞匯和表達的意義。
讀 能夠理解與英語奇聞趣事有關的文章內容，并能借助語境理解英語中的一詞多義和習慣用語。
看 通過觀看視頻，初步了解英語的發展與演變的歷史，能夠意識到英語學習的重要性和多樣性。
續表
語言 輸出 寫 能夠簡單記述自己在英語使用過程中對英語表達產生誤解的一次經歷。
說 能夠使用新學語言描述英式英語與美式英語的不同；學會如何詢問與解釋陌生的詞匯和表達。
Section Ⅰ
“Understanding ideas”的課文習讀環節
目 錄
課文閱讀理解
課文寫法借鑒
課時跟蹤檢測
美文閱讀潤心
課文閱讀理解
泛讀課文，完成以下學習任務
(一)理清文脈結構
hamburger
take
homesick
opposing
opposite
confusing
madness
reflects
(二)把握主旨大意
1．In this passage the author discusses primarily .
A．compound words
B．the charm of English
C．differences of English
D．the development of English
√
2．What do we know from the last paragraph
A．Words always have the same meanings.
B．Words can't always describe what we feel.
C．Words sometimes confuse us.
D．Words can have different meanings in different situations.
√
精讀課文，完成以下學習任務
(一)閱讀理解
1．What let the author think about the crazy phenomenon in English
A．Finding no egg in eggplant.
B．Having trouble in learning English.
C．The structure of the words.
D．The question raised by the child.
√
2．The words “photo” and “homesick” are mentioned in order to .
A．show how English can be crazy
B．tell us the differences between their usages
C．analyze the formation of the words
D．share how to learn a crazy language
√
3．How does the author introduce the topic of the passage
A．By providing examples.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By following the order of importance.
D．By following the way of spelling.
√
4．What can we learn from all the examples given in the passage
A．They explain how to learn English.
B．They introduce the history of English.
C．They reflect the creativity of the human race.
D．They show the large vocabulary of English.
√
[Tip]
借助寫作手法解題
第4題要求推測文中所舉事例的作用，設問針對多個段落，此時可考慮從文體特點或寫作手法著手。如本文作為一篇小品文，其寫作手法是通過事例來表現主題，故文中引用的事例是為說明文章主旨服務的，再結合本文主旨可推知本題答案。　　　
(二)閱讀表達
1．Why does the author raise a question in the first paragraph but answer it by himself
To open the topic.
2．Why does the author say “English was invented by people”？
Because English proves how creative human being is.
3．How do you feel about the English language by learning the passage (Answers may vary.)
I think English is interesting and creative.
4．What is your experience in English learning (Answers may vary.)
For me, not being afraid of making mistakes makes me a good learner. What I learn from mistakes is that I should be confident and not shy when I'm learning English.
|閱|讀|技|能|提|升|
本文的語篇類型為小品文。小品文一般篇幅短小，內容精簡，主要是通過事例和藝術形象來表現主題，議論較少，敘述、描寫或抒情成分較多，且以幽默的方式或喜劇性的情節以及活潑、輕松的語言來揭露問題的實質，在給人歡笑的同時引人深思。
本文以幽默、風趣的筆觸列舉并評價了英語中讓學習者迷惑不解的“瘋狂”現象。閱讀之前可先根據課文標題和圖片猜測課文大意，閱讀中對之前的猜測進行驗證，判斷作者的寫作意圖并進行細節理解，感受英語語言的幽默、“瘋狂”和創意，理解英語詞匯背后蘊藏的文化內涵。
課文寫法借鑒
(一)賞用詞之妙
1．This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn.
賞析：crazy用得形象又恰到好處，此處為形容詞，意為“不合理的；瘋狂的”，用來評價在英語中讓學習者迷惑不解的現象，看似“不合理”或“瘋狂”，實則反映了英語的趣味性和吸引力。
2．If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”， why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing pair
賞析：opposite與opposing是一對同根詞，用在同一句中形成前后呼應，增加了語言的韻律美。
3．English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects the creativity of the human race.
賞析：句中分別使用了people與the human race來表述同一概念，避免了重復用詞造成的行文枯燥、僵化。reflect為多義詞，在本句中表示“反映”，為高級表達，相對于普通用詞show能更精確到位地傳達此處的文意。
提能訓練
①(完成句子)I know ，but it may be worth a try.
我知道這個主意聽起來很瘋狂，但值得一試。
②(完成句子)The twin sisters to each other in every way so during the talk they took .
這對雙胞胎姐妹在各方面都完全相反，所以在談話中她們持相反的觀點。
this idea sounds crazy
were completely opposite
opposing views
③(英譯漢)There were some comments about the sentences describing the nature of the human race. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful mind.
有一些關于描述人類本性的句子的評論。柔和的筆跡反映出深思熟慮的頭腦。
(二)賞句式之高
1．You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down, in which you fill in a form by filling it out, and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off!
賞析：此處連續用了三個由“in which”引導的定語從句，展現了英語語言中的“瘋狂”現象。并列定語從句的使用使行文更加緊湊、明快，語言感染力更強。
2．That is why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible.
賞析：本句為why引導的表語從句，舉例說明了英語語言的創造性；表語從句中含有but連接的并列句，兩個分句中又各含有一個由when引導的時間狀語從句。多種句式交替使用，使得表意更豐富，表達更地道。
①The owner of the house whose wife is dead, in New York and ,is willing to sell the house at reduced price.(定語從句)
房主的妻子已過世，兒子在紐約工作，他想搬去和兒子一起生活，(所以)愿意以低價出售此房。
提能訓練/完成句子
whose son works
who wants to go and live with him
②That's ，he is happy, ______________ _____________,he feels bored.
這就是當他在工作的時候，他很快樂，但是當他無事可做的時候，他就感到無聊的原因。　　
why when he is working
but when he has
nothing to do
(三)賞修辭之功
That is why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible. And that is why when I wind up my watch, it starts, but when I wind up this passage, it ends.
賞析：此句運用了“雙關”修辭手法。句中的out及wind up運用了一詞多義的特性來達到一語雙關，并達到了舉例形象說明原因(why)的表達效果。
①(英譯漢) I came to see him last night, but he was out. He didn't come back until all the lights in the building were out. After we wound up the discussion about the coming meeting, I started my car, wound the car window up and left.
昨晚我來看他，但他不在家。直到樓里所有的燈都熄滅了，他才回來。在我們結束了關于即將召開的會議的討論后，我發動了我的車，搖上車窗就離開了。
提能訓練
②(完成句子)Not everything that can be counted counts and not everything________________________.
并非所有計算得清楚的東西都重要，也并非所有重要的東西都能被計算得清楚。
that counts can be counted
(四)賞銜接之順
For example, in our free time we can sculpt a sculpture and paint a painting, but we take a photo. And when we are traveling we say that we are in the car or the taxi, but on the train or bus!
賞析：本句中使用for example(舉例說明)，but(表示轉折)，and(表示承接)說明了英語的“瘋狂”之處，這些銜接詞的運用既將相互獨立的句子自然地銜接在一起，也使上下文之間的邏輯更合理。
①(完成句子)They rushed to the railway station,___________________.
他們匆忙到達火車站，但是太晚了。
②(英譯漢)She didn't speak to anyone and nobody spoke to her.
她不和任何人說話，也沒有人和她說話。　　
提能訓練
but they were too late
美文閱讀潤心
每種語言都有自己獨特的習語。就英語習語來說，易學難通。就算你知道每個單詞的詞義，也很難弄清楚整個習語之含義，因為習語多屬于說不清、道不明的約定俗成的固定結構，有著豐富的文化內涵。英語是世界上最通行的語言，是聯合國工作語言之一，我們想要學好英語，英語習語不容忽視。掌握并恰到好處地運用習語能大大提升語言表達能力，也有助于提高跨文化交際能力。
When children jump around and act silly, their parents may tell them to stop “monkeying around”. To “monkey around” means to do things that are not useful or serious, or to simply waste time.
Many American families have and love pet dogs. But for some unknown reason, Americans use “dog” in a phrase that means to feel unwell. If you are “as sick as a dog”， you're really, really sick.
Sometimes you may also hear cats mentioned in conversations, “I told you to keep that secret, but you have just ‘let the cat out of the bag’！” You probably guessed it — that idiom means to reveal a secret or tell facts that were previously unknown.
Dogs and cats don't always get along, but they appear side by side in a commonly used idiom. When it rains heavily, people might say it's “raining cats and dogs”．
Idioms are very common in both spoken and written English. If you want to have a better understanding of English, you have to learn idioms.
[閱讀理解]
1．According to paragraph 1, which is right about idioms
A．Expressions which are based on animals.
B．Expressions with rich cultural background.
C．Expressions that always make sense.
D．Expressions which are easy to understand.
√
2．What can “monkeying around” be used to describe
A．Children jump around and waste time.
B．Children do something useful and serious.
C．Children play with monkeys with their parents.
D．Children spend time playing with their family pets.
√
3．What can be learned from the text
A．Dogs and cats always get along nicely.
B．Bugs can be used to show your annoyance.
C．Americans believe cats can give away secrets.
D．Americans use the idiom “as sick as a dog” to describe a healthy man.
√
[素養積累]
1．由文積詞匯
make sense　　　　　　 有意義，講得通
idiom n. 習語；成語；慣用語
pet n. 寵物
reveal v. 揭示
previously adv. 以前
ruin v. 毀壞
annoying adj. 令人煩惱的
bother v. 打擾
2．據文悟句式
句(1)：even if引導讓步狀語從句，because引導原因狀語從句。
句(2)：why引導的賓語從句作explains的賓語。在why引導的賓語從句中又包含who引導的定語從句。
課時跟蹤檢測
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
Elena (Canada, teacher)
If I had to choose what language to learn next, it's a tough decision but it'd probably be German, because many people that know several languages tell me that German is their favourite language in terms of expressing themselves.
And I think it might have something to do with the vast amount of vocabulary the German language has. So I think it'd be really difficult but a fun challenge.
Bryan (USA, writer)
I think I'd like to learn French next because it's a very romantic (浪漫的) language and it could be very useful in different job situations. Besides, I think it could help me understand English a bit more as well, since it was previously the language of diplomacy (外交)．
Georgina (England, Olympic swimmer)
I'd love to learn Italian next. I visited Milan last year and I think it would be great to be able to speak to some of the locals. Also, it's quite similar to Spanish, so I don't think it would be too confusing.
James (New Zealand, travel writer)
I'd really like to learn French. I actually learned it some years ago, but I haven't used it in a long time and I've forgotten it.But it's a language that I really enjoy speaking, and I think France is a wonderful country.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇應用文。文中四人分別表述了自己最想學習的一種語言并給出了理由。
1．One of the reasons why Bryan wants to learn French is that________.
A．it is easy to learn
B．it is used frequently
C．it sounds more beautiful than English
D．it allows him to express himself more clearly
√
解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“it could be very useful in different job situations”可知，在不同的工作場景中法語都非常有用。由此可推測，因為法語的使用頻率很高，所以Bryan想學法語。
2．We can infer that Georgina .
A．will live in Milan
B．can speak Spanish
C．feels puzzled about her career
D．wants to make some Italian friends
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“it's quite similar to Spanish, so I don't think it would be too confusing”可推測，因為Georgina會西班牙語，所以她認為和西班牙語很像的意大利語應該不會很難學。
√
3．Who is the most fearless learner
A．Elena.　　　　　 B．Bryan.
C．Georgina. D．James.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“ ... the vast amount of vocabulary the German language has. So I think it'd be really difficult but a fun challenge”可知，德語的詞匯量很大，學起來會很困難，但Elena仍然想去嘗試學德語，并認為這是一項很有趣的挑戰。由此不難看出，Elena是個不畏困難的學習者。
√
B
Have you ever considered all the English expressions that include words about clothes Let's have a look.
People wear pants to cover the lower part of their bodies. We sometimes say that people who are nervous have ants in their pants. Sometimes, people may get caught with their pants down, which means they are found doing something they should not be doing. And, in every family, one person takes control. Sometimes a wife tells her husband what to do. Then we say she wears the pants in the family.
Pants usually have pockets to hold things. Money that is likely to be spent quickly can burn a hole in your pocket. Sometimes you need a belt to hold up your pants. If you aren't able to make ends meet and have less money than usual, you may have to tighten your belt.
I always praise people who can save their money and not spend too much. I really take my hat off to them. Yet, when it comes to my own money, I spend it at the drop of a hat, which means I immediately spend it.
Boots are a heavy or strong kind of shoes. People who are too big for their boots think they are more important than they really are. I dislike such people.
My father is a successful business man who runs a big computer company. He wears a suit and tie, and a shirt with sleeves that cover his arms. Some people who do not know him well think he is too serious and never shows his feelings openly. But I know that my father wears his heart on his sleeve.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了和衣服有關的一些英文表達。
4．Which of the following expressions can show someone is nervous
A．Have ants in one's pants.
B．Burn a hole in one's pocket.
C．Wear the pants in the family.
D．Get caught with one's pants down.
√
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“We sometimes say that people who are nervous have ants in their pants.”可知，“Have ants in one's pants.(坐立不安)”表示某人緊張。故選A。
5．What do we probably mean if we say someone has to tighten his belt
A．The person is short of money.
B．The person used to live a rich life.
C．The person has done something wrong.
D．The person has put on the wrong pants.
√
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“If you ... have less money than usual, you may have to tighten your belt.”可知，如果我們說某人不得不勒緊腰帶，我們的意思可能是他沒有足夠的錢。故選A。
6．What does the author think of his father
A．Shy and kind.
B．Strict and distant.
C．Considerate and serious.
D．Easy-going and outspoken.
√
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，一些不了解作者父親的人會認為他很嚴肅，不表達自己的感情。由此推知，在作者看來，父親是一個很坦率容易相處的人。故選D。
7．What is this passage mainly about
A．Some unfamiliar funny English expressions.
B．Some English expressions related to clothes.
C．The relationship between clothing and personality.
D．The symbolic meaning of pants in English expression.
解析：主旨大意題。根據第一段內容及全文可知，文章主要介紹了和衣服有關的一些英文表達。故選B。
√
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
There are so many words in English that learning all of them can seem difficult.To make things even more challenging, certain words are pronounced differently. 8
Learn the vowel (元音) sounds.
In English, there are five main vowels：a, e, i, o, u． 9 Each vowel has both a short sound (such as the “a” in “bat”) or a long sound (such as the “a” in “ask”)．Learn and practice these different vowel sounds to help teach you how to pronounce certain words and to improve your English pronunciation.
10
One of the most effective ways to learn a language is to listen to someone speaking it. Once you are familiar with how a language sounds, you will be able to start picking up more sounds, words and phrases.
Record yourself.
11 To solve this problem and really see how you sound, try recording yourself.Use a smartphone or a tape recorder to play back.
Get a spoken English tutor.
To truly understand if you are saying and pronouncing words in the right way, find someone who can practice with you and act as a spoken English tutor. 12
A．Break down words.
B．Listen to an English speaker.
C．How do you know if you are saying things correctly
D．Sometimes the letter “y” can make a vowel sound, too.
E．Luckily, there are tips that you can learn to make things a little easier.
F．He or she will be able to correct you and teach you how to pronounce words better.
G．Compare your English comprehension to someone else's to see if you are doing it correctly.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，介紹了幾個學習英語的好方法。
8．選E　本空起到引出下文的作用，選項E(幸運的是，有一些你可以學習的技巧讓事情變得更容易一些)能夠引出下文給出的幾點建議，符合語境。
9．選D　本段主要討論元音，空前提到“there are five main vowels：a, e, i, o, u”，結合選項D中的“vowel sound”和“too”可知選D項。
10．選B　空處是段落小標題。由段落主題句“One of the most effective ways to learn a language is to listen to someone speaking it.”可知，本段主要講述在學英語時要聽一個會講英語的人說話。故選B項。
11．選C　由空后的“To solve this problem and really see how you sound, try recording yourself.”可知，要解決這個問題并真正了解你的發音，試著給自己錄音。結合選項可知，C項(你怎么知道你的發音對不對？)就是這個問題，與空后的“problem”照應。故選C項。
12．選F　根據段落小標題Get a spoken English tutor.可知，本段主要講要找一個英語口語老師；根據常識可知，英語口語老師能糾正你的發音并教你如何更好地發音。故選F項。Section Ⅰ　“Understanding ideas”的課文習讀環節
泛讀課文，完成以下學習任務
(一)理清文脈結構
(二)把握主旨大意
1．In this passage the author discusses primarily ________.(　 )
A．compound words
B．the charm of English
C．differences of English
D．the development of English
2．What do we know from the last paragraph？(　 )
A．Words always have the same meanings.
B．Words can't always describe what we feel.　
C．Words sometimes confuse us.
D．Words can have different meanings in different situations.
精讀課文，完成以下學習任務
(一)閱讀理解
1．What let the author think about the crazy phenomenon in English？(　 )
A．Finding no egg in eggplant.
B．Having trouble in learning English.
C．The structure of the words.
D．The question raised by the child.
2．The words “photo” and “homesick” are mentioned in order to ______. (　 )
A．show how English can be crazy
B．tell us the differences between their usages
C．analyze the formation of the words
D．share how to learn a crazy language
3．How does the author introduce the topic of the passage？(　 )
A．By providing examples.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By following the order of importance.
D．By following the way of spelling.
4．What can we learn from all the examples given in the passage？(　 )
A．They explain how to learn English.
B．They introduce the history of English.
C．They reflect the creativity of the human race.
D．They show the large vocabulary of English.
[Tip]
借助寫作手法解題
第4題要求推測文中所舉事例的作用，設問針對多個段落，此時可考慮從文體特點或寫作手法著手。如本文作為一篇小品文，其寫作手法是通過事例來表現主題，故文中引用的事例是為說明文章主旨服務的，再結合本文主旨可推知本題答案。　　　　
(二)閱讀表達
1．Why does the author raise a question in the first paragraph but answer it by himself
　
　
2．Why does the author say “English was invented by people”？
　
　
　
3．How do you feel about the English language by learning the passage (Answers may vary.)
　
　
　
4．What is your experience in English learning (Answers may vary.)
　
　
　
　
　
|閱|讀|技|能|提|升|
本文的語篇類型為小品文。小品文一般篇幅短小，內容精簡，主要是通過事例和藝術形象來表現主題，議論較少，敘述、描寫或抒情成分較多，且以幽默的方式或喜劇性的情節以及活潑、輕松的語言來揭露問題的實質，在給人歡笑的同時引人深思。
本文以幽默、風趣的筆觸列舉并評價了英語中讓學習者迷惑不解的“瘋狂”現象。閱讀之前可先根據課文標題和圖片猜測課文大意，閱讀中對之前的猜測進行驗證，判斷作者的寫作意圖并進行細節理解，感受英語語言的幽默、“瘋狂”和創意，理解英語詞匯背后蘊藏的文化內涵。
(一)賞用詞之妙
1．This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn.
賞析：crazy用得形象又恰到好處，此處為形容詞，意為“不合理的；瘋狂的”，用來評價在英語中讓學習者迷惑不解的現象，看似“不合理”或“瘋狂”，實則反映了英語的趣味性和吸引力。
2．If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”， why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing pair
賞析：opposite與opposing是一對同根詞，用在同一句中形成前后呼應，增加了語言的韻律美。
3．English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects the creativity of the human race.
賞析：句中分別使用了people與the human race來表述同一概念，避免了重復用詞造成的行文枯燥、僵化。reflect為多義詞，在本句中表示“反映”，為高級表達，相對于普通用詞show能更精確到位地傳達此處的文意。
①(完成句子)I know __________________________________， but it may be worth a try.
我知道這個主意聽起來很瘋狂，但值得一試。
②(完成句子)The twin sisters __________________________________ to each other in every way so during the talk they took ________________________.
這對雙胞胎姐妹在各方面都完全相反，所以在談話中她們持相反的觀點。
③(英譯漢)There were some comments about the sentences describing the nature of the human race. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful mind.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(二)賞句式之高
1．You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down, in which you fill in a form by filling it out, and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off!
賞析：此處連續用了三個由“in which”引導的定語從句，展現了英語語言中的“瘋狂”現象。并列定語從句的使用使行文更加緊湊、明快，語言感染力更強。
2．That is why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible.
賞析：本句為why引導的表語從句，舉例說明了英語語言的創造性；表語從句中含有but連接的并列句，兩個分句中又各含有一個由when引導的時間狀語從句。多種句式交替使用，使得表意更豐富，表達更地道。
①The owner of the house whose wife is dead, ________________________ in New York and ______________________________， is willing to sell the house at reduced price.(定語從句)
房主的妻子已過世，兒子在紐約工作，他想搬去和兒子一起生活，(所以)愿意以低價出售此房。
②That's ____________________________， he is happy, __________________________， he feels bored.
這就是當他在工作的時候，他很快樂，但是當他無事可做的時候，他就感到無聊的原因。
　　　
(三)賞修辭之功
That is why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible. And that is why when I wind up my watch, it starts, but when I wind up this passage, it ends.
賞析：此句運用了“雙關”修辭手法。句中的out及wind up運用了一詞多義的特性來達到一語雙關，并達到了舉例形象說明原因(why)的表達效果。
①(英譯漢) I came to see him last night, but he was out. He didn't come back until all the lights in the building were out. After we wound up the discussion about the coming meeting, I started my car, wound the car window up and left.
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________________________________________________________________________
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②(完成句子)Not everything that can be counted counts and not everything ______________________________.
并非所有計算得清楚的東西都重要，也并非所有重要的東西都能被計算得清楚。
　　　
(四)賞銜接之順
For example, in our free time we can sculpt a sculpture and paint a painting, but we take a photo. And when we are traveling we say that we are in the car or the taxi, but on the train or bus!
賞析：本句中使用for example(舉例說明)，but(表示轉折)，and(表示承接)說明了英語的“瘋狂”之處，這些銜接詞的運用既將相互獨立的句子自然地銜接在一起，也使上下文之間的邏輯更合理。
①(完成句子)They rushed to the railway station, ____________________________.
他們匆忙到達火車站，但是太晚了。
②(英譯漢)She didn't speak to anyone and nobody spoke to her.
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每種語言都有自己獨特的習語。就英語習語來說，易學難通。就算你知道每個單詞的詞義，也很難弄清楚整個習語之含義，因為習語多屬于說不清、道不明的約定俗成的固定結構，有著豐富的文化內涵。英語是世界上最通行的語言，是聯合國工作語言之一，我們想要學好英語，英語習語不容忽視。掌握并恰到好處地運用習語能大大提升語言表達能力，也有助于提高跨文化交際能力。
English is full of funny expressions that don't always make sense. Idioms are phrases and sentences that do not mean exactly what they say. Even if you know the meaning of each word, you Here are some English idioms based on animals.
When children jump around and act silly, their parents may tell them to stop “monkeying around”. To “monkey around” means to do things that are not useful or serious, or to simply waste time.
Many American families have and love pet dogs. But for some unknown reason, Americans use “dog” in a phrase that means to feel unwell. If you are “as sick as a dog”， you're really, really sick.
Sometimes you may also hear cats mentioned in conversations, “I told you to keep that secret, but you have just ‘let the cat out of the bag’！” You probably guessed it — that idiom means to reveal a secret or tell facts that were previously unknown.
Dogs and cats don't always get along, but they appear side by side in a commonly used idiom. When it rains heavily, people might say it's “raining cats and dogs”．
Heavy rain often ruins people's plans for outdoor activities. But on a lovely day, you can have a picnic. If a swarm (一群) of tiny bugs (蟲子) love your food and start to hover (盤旋) around you, it would be really annoying. keeps bothering them to “stop bugging me”．
Idioms are very common in both spoken and written English. If you want to have a better understanding of English, you have to learn idioms.
[閱讀理解]
1．According to paragraph 1, which is right about idioms？(　 )
A．Expressions which are based on animals.
B．Expressions with rich cultural background.
C．Expressions that always make sense.
D．Expressions which are easy to understand.
2．What can “monkeying around” be used to describe？(　 )
A．Children jump around and waste time.
B．Children do something useful and serious.
C．Children play with monkeys with their parents.
D．Children spend time playing with their family pets.
3．What can be learned from the text？(　 )
A．Dogs and cats always get along nicely.
B．Bugs can be used to show your annoyance.
C．Americans believe cats can give away secrets.
D．Americans use the idiom “as sick as a dog” to describe a healthy man.
[素養積累]
1．由文積詞匯
make sense　　有意義，講得通
idiom n. 習語；成語；慣用語
pet n. 寵物
reveal v. 揭示
previously adv. 以前
ruin v. 毀壞
annoying adj. 令人煩惱的
bother v. 打擾
2．據文悟句式
句(1)：even if引導讓步狀語從句，because引導原因狀語從句。
句(2)：why引導的賓語從句作explains的賓語。在why引導的賓語從句中又包含who引導的定語從句。
Section Ⅰ
課文閱讀理解
泛讀課文，完成以下學習任務 　
(一)①hamburger　②take　③homesick　④opposing
⑤opposite　⑥confusing　⑦madness　⑧reflects
(二)1.B　2.D
精讀課文，完成以下學習任務 　
(一)1.D　2.A　3.A　4.C
(二)1.To open the topic.
2．Because English proves how creative human being is.
3．I think English is interesting and creative.
4．For me, not being afraid of making mistakes makes me a good learner. What I learn from mistakes is that I should be confident and not shy when I'm learning English.
課文寫法借鑒
(一)①this idea sounds crazy
②were completely opposite; opposing views
③有一些關于描述人類本性的句子的評論。柔和的筆跡反映出深思熟慮的頭腦。
(二)①whose son works; who wants to go and live with him
②why when he is working; but when he has nothing to do
(三)①昨晚我來看他，但他不在家。直到樓里所有的燈都熄滅了，他才回來。在我們結束了關于即將召開的會議的討論后，我發動了我的車，搖上車窗就離開了。
②that counts can be counted
(四)①but they were too late
②她不和任何人說話，也沒有人和她說話。
美文閱讀潤心
1．B　2.A　3.B
8 / 8UNIT 2　課時檢測(一)　“Understanding ideas”的課文習讀環節
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
Elena (Canada, teacher)
If I had to choose what language to learn next, it's a tough decision but it'd probably be German, because many people that know several languages tell me that German is their favourite language in terms of expressing themselves. And I think it might have something to do with the vast amount of vocabulary the German language has. So I think it'd be really difficult but a fun challenge.
Bryan (USA, writer)
I think I'd like to learn French next because it's a very romantic (浪漫的) language and it could be very useful in different job situations. Besides, I think it could help me understand English a bit more as well, since it was previously the language of diplomacy (外交)．
Georgina (England, Olympic swimmer)
I'd love to learn Italian next. I visited Milan last year and I think it would be great to be able to speak to some of the locals. Also, it's quite similar to Spanish, so I don't think it would be too confusing.
James (New Zealand, travel writer)
I'd really like to learn French. I actually learned it some years ago, but I haven't used it in a long time and I've forgotten it.But it's a language that I really enjoy speaking, and I think France is a wonderful country.
1．One of the reasons why Bryan wants to learn French is that ________.
A．it is easy to learn
B．it is used frequently
C．it sounds more beautiful than English
D．it allows him to express himself more clearly
2．We can infer that Georgina ________.
A．will live in Milan
B．can speak Spanish
C．feels puzzled about her career
D．wants to make some Italian friends
3．Who is the most fearless learner
A．Elena.　　　　　 B．Bryan.
C．Georgina. D．James.
B
Have you ever considered all the English expressions that include words about clothes Let's have a look.
People wear pants to cover the lower part of their bodies. We sometimes say that people who are nervous have ants in their pants. Sometimes, people may get caught with their pants down, which means they are found doing something they should not be doing. And, in every family, one person takes control. Sometimes a wife tells her husband what to do. Then we say she wears the pants in the family.
Pants usually have pockets to hold things. Money that is likely to be spent quickly can burn a hole in your pocket. Sometimes you need a belt to hold up your pants. If you aren't able to make ends meet and have less money than usual, you may have to tighten your belt.
I always praise people who can save their money and not spend too much. I really take my hat off to them. Yet, when it comes to my own money, I spend it at the drop of a hat, which means I immediately spend it.
Boots are a heavy or strong kind of shoes. People who are too big for their boots think they are more important than they really are. I dislike such people.
My father is a successful business man who runs a big computer company. He wears a suit and tie, and a shirt with sleeves that cover his arms. Some people who do not know him well think he is too serious and never shows his feelings openly. But I know that my father wears his heart on his sleeve.
4．Which of the following expressions can show someone is nervous
A．Have ants in one's pants.
B．Burn a hole in one's pocket.
C．Wear the pants in the family.
D．Get caught with one's pants down.
5．What do we probably mean if we say someone has to tighten his belt
A．The person is short of money.
B．The person used to live a rich life.
C．The person has done something wrong.
D．The person has put on the wrong pants.
6．What does the author think of his father
A．Shy and kind.
B．Strict and distant.
C．Considerate and serious.
D．Easy going and outspoken.
7．What is this passage mainly about
A．Some unfamiliar funny English expressions.
B．Some English expressions related to clothes.
C．The relationship between clothing and personality.
D．The symbolic meaning of pants in English expression.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
There are so many words in English that learning all of them can seem difficult.To make things even more challenging, certain words are pronounced differently. __8__
Learn the vowel (元音) sounds.
In English, there are five main vowels：a, e, i, o, u．__9__ Each vowel has both a short sound (such as the “a” in “bat”) or a long sound (such as the “a” in “ask”)．Learn and practice these different vowel sounds to help teach you how to pronounce certain words and to improve your English pronunciation.
__10__
One of the most effective ways to learn a language is to listen to someone speaking it. Once you are familiar with how a language sounds, you will be able to start picking up more sounds, words and phrases.
Record yourself.
__11__ To solve this problem and really see how you sound, try recording yourself.Use a smartphone or a tape recorder to play back.
Get a spoken English tutor.
To truly understand if you are saying and pronouncing words in the right way, find someone who can practice with you and act as a spoken English tutor. __12__
A．Break down words.
B．Listen to an English speaker.
C．How do you know if you are saying things correctly
D．Sometimes the letter “y” can make a vowel sound, too.
E．Luckily, there are tips that you can learn to make things a little easier.
F．He or she will be able to correct you and teach you how to pronounce words better.
G．Compare your English comprehension to someone else's to see if you are doing it correctly.
UNIT 2　課時檢測(一)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
語篇解讀：本文是一篇應用文。文中四人分別表述了自己最想學習的一種語言并給出了理由。　　
1．選B　推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“it could be very useful in different job situations”可知，在不同的工作場景中法語都非常有用。由此可推測，因為法語的使用頻率很高，所以Bryan想學法語。
2．選B　推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“it's quite similar to Spanish, so I don't think it would be too confusing”可推測，因為Georgina會西班牙語，所以她認為和西班牙語很像的意大利語應該不會很難學。
3．選A　推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“ ... the vast amount of vocabulary the German language has. So I think it'd be really difficult but a fun challenge”可知，德語的詞匯量很大，學起來會很困難，但Elena仍然想去嘗試學德語，并認為這是一項很有趣的挑戰。由此不難看出，Elena是個不畏困難的學習者。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了和衣服有關的一些英文表達。　　
4．選A　細節理解題。根據第二段中的“We sometimes say that people who are nervous have ants in their pants.”可知，“Have ants in one's pants.(坐立不安)”表示某人緊張。故選A。
5．選A　細節理解題。根據第三段中的“If you ... have less money than usual, you may have to tighten your belt.”可知，如果我們說某人不得不勒緊腰帶，我們的意思可能是他沒有足夠的錢。故選A。
6．選D　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，一些不了解作者父親的人會認為他很嚴肅，不表達自己的感情。由此推知，在作者看來，父親是一個很坦率容易相處的人。故選D。
7．選B　主旨大意題。根據第一段內容及全文可知，文章主要介紹了和衣服有關的一些英文表達。故選B。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，介紹了幾個學習英語的好方法。
8．選E　本空起到引出下文的作用，選項E(幸運的是，有一些你可以學習的技巧讓事情變得更容易一些)能夠引出下文給出的幾點建議，符合語境。
9．選D　本段主要討論元音，空前提到“there are five main vowels：a, e, i, o, u”，結合選項D中的“vowel sound”和“too”可知選D項。
10．選B　空處是段落小標題。由段落主題句“One of the most effective ways to learn a language is to listen to someone speaking it.”可知，本段主要講述在學英語時要聽一個會講英語的人說話。故選B項。
11．選C　由空后的“To solve this problem and really see how you sound, try recording yourself.”可知，要解決這個問題并真正了解你的發音，試著給自己錄音。結合選項可知，C項(你怎么知道你的發音對不對？)就是這個問題，與空后的“problem”照應。故選C項。
12．選F　根據段落小標題Get a spoken English tutor.可知，本段主要講要找一個英語口語老師；根據常識可知，英語口語老師能糾正你的發音并教你如何更好地發音。故選F項。
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