資源簡介

(共61張PPT)
Section Ⅳ
“Developing ideas”的課文習讀環節
目 錄
課文閱讀理解
課文寫法借鑒
課時跟蹤檢測
課文閱讀理解
泛讀課文，完成以下學習任務
(一)理清文脈結構
different
frog
first
negative
nice
paper
(二)把握主旨大意
What is the passage mainly about
A．An exciting adventure in English learning.
B．Some strange English words difficult to learn.
C．Some misunderstandings from different backgrounds.
D．Some funny posts about what we should learn in class.
√
精讀課文，完成以下學習任務
(一)閱讀理解
1．What happened to Maggie
A．She was bitten by a frog in the throat.
B．She tried to eat a frog but got blocked.
C．She was unable to speak clearly for a short time.
D．She felt uncomfortable because she got a stomachache.
√
2．What does Yancy think of the British attitude towards their food
A．Doubtful.　　　　 B．Supportive.
C．Helpless. D．Hopeful.
√
3．Why didn't Sophie find the shoes on the first floor
A．Because there were no shoes sections sold there.
B．Because she misunderstood the lady's words.
C．Because the shoes were all placed on the ground.
D．Because she didn't go up to the upper floor.
√
4．Julien found his penfriend's grandfather .
A．odd　　　　　　　 B．confused
C．negative D．nice
√
5．Why did Zheng Xu get a bit disappointed
A．His paper was rejected.
B．He didn't get a good grade.
C．He misread his teacher's comment.
D．He didn't meet the high standards of his teacher.
√
[Tip]
依托文章主旨解題
第5題為推理判斷題，根據題干關鍵詞Zheng Xu可定位第四篇帖子。但細讀該帖的內容可以發現，單純依靠文中的詞句無法推知本題的答案。此時，可考慮借助文章的主旨來解題。由首段可知，本文討論的是一些容易引起誤解的英語表達，而文章各部分的選材立意都應和主旨保持一致，故此處要說明的也應是有關語言誤解的問題，結合該帖內容，老師給出的評價“Not bad！”字面意思與實際意義有出入，由此可得出本題答案。
(二)閱讀表達
1．What caused the misunderstandings mentioned in the passage？(參考詞匯：literally“字面上”)
Different cultural backgrounds and understanding the expressions literally caused the misunderstandings.
2．How should we learn a language in order to avoid misunderstandings (Answers may vary.)
Try to know some ethnic cultures especially the origin of some words and expressions and guess the meaning of words and expressions according to the context.
|閱|讀|技|能|提|升|
本文屬于新媒體語篇，以論壇專題討論的形式介紹了四位英語學習者在學習過程中遭遇的困惑與誤解。新媒體語篇常采用“總—分”或“分—總”的結構，一般形式靈活，主題時代感強，語言新穎前衛，常以輕松閑談的方式傳達作者的觀點看法。如本文采用了“總—分”結構，先提出討論的主題，然后分別呈現了四篇帖子。 閱讀時，先明確文章主旨，然后細讀分述內容，提煉文章細節，關注四個帖子中的俚語，理解四位英語學習者在學習過程中遭遇的困惑與誤解。
課文寫法借鑒
(一)賞用詞之妙
1．Last week, our forum asked if you had any funny or strange stories about using English. We didn't expect to get so many posts!
賞析：第一句中的形容詞funny和strange非常形象地揭示了英語俚語的某些特點，第二句中的so many則寫出了作者的驚訝與意外，加強了語氣和情感。
2．He told us that Maggie couldn't teach that day COZ she had a frog in her throat. Poor Maggie — but why did she try to eat such a big frog
賞析：COZ是because的縮略詞， 新媒體語言具有新穎前衛的特點，經常使用網絡新詞、流行語、縮略詞、方言諧音等，生動活潑、新鮮有趣。每篇文章的寫作都有與之相諧的語言風格，寫作時應多加注意。
3．The British must have really high standards.
賞析： 本句中用副詞really修飾high，突出強調了“高標準”的程度，本句可翻譯為“英國人的標準一定很高很高”，為后文作者描寫自己的困惑做好了鋪墊。副詞的靈活運用可以令細節描寫更具體生動，更細致入微。
提能訓練
①(同義替換)The children's attention was suddenly drawn to the passer-by who had a(n) (＝interesting) hat on and wore _________(＝odd) clothes.
②(完成句子)I didn't expect to get on my birthday.
我沒想到在我生日那天會收到這么多漂亮的禮物。
funny
strange
so many nice presents
③(單句語法填空)He's (real) knowledgeable when you get to know him.
④(完成句子)Nowadays many people especially the young often use emojis or abbreviations. For example, .
現在很多人，尤其是年輕人經常使用表情符號或縮寫。例如，“because”可以被稱為“COZ”。　　
really
“because” can be referred to as “COZ”
(二)賞句式之高
Here are some of our favourites, to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world!
賞析：這是一個復雜的主從復合句。主句Here are some of our favourites是地點副詞here位于句首的完全倒裝句，to remind us ...是不定式短語作目的狀語，that引導賓語從句，作remind的直接賓語，其中we learn in the classroom是省略that的定語從句。各種高級表達接連出現，既顯得句式錯落有致，簡繁結合，體現了作者深厚的寫作功底，又在更大程度上傳達了作者的寫作意圖。
①(漢譯英)(2024·浙江1月高考寫作)下面是跑步的一些好處。
Here are some advantages of running.
②(完成句子)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)Holding the cup, I thanked him for his encouragement, telling him that the cup would___________ ________________________________.
我拿著獎杯，感謝他的鼓勵，告訴他這個獎杯會提醒我寫作將是我生命中的一部分。
提能訓練
remind me
that writing would be part of my life
③(完成句子)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)________________________ smoothly, I hope that you can consider the aspects_____________ ________________.
為了使這項活動順利進行，我希望你們能夠考慮我上面提到的方面。　　
To make this activity go on
that I have
mentioned above
(三)賞修辭之功
When I got the paper back, I found my teacher had written the comment “Not bad！” Not bad But there weren't any errors in my paper.
賞析：句中的Not bad？使用了“反問”修辭手法，使語氣增強，增加了感染力。和后面But連接的句子搭配，寫出了作者深深的困惑不解。
We have offered you all you need. What more do you want
我們已經提供了你所需要的一切。你還想要什么？
提能訓練|英譯漢
(四)賞銜接之順
When I first visited New York, I went to a downtown shopping centre to buy some winter boots. At the information desk at the entrance, I asked a lady where the shoe section was. She said that it was on the first floor. So I went up to the first floor, but couldn't find any shoes. I decided to leave.
賞析：本段內容屬于故事敘述。作者運用時間狀語從句交代了故事發生的時間，用介詞短語交代了故事的地點，為故事展開做好了鋪墊。在講述情節發展時使用了銜接詞so和but，營造了情節起伏及矛盾沖突，增加了故事的吸引力。這些詞句的使用使上下文銜接自然流暢，內容渾然一體。
(2024·浙江1月高考寫作)She began to see the campus as a track, one step at a time. So day by day, the hallways became familiar. As she rounded the corner to her next class, she thought to herself, “Just one more lap.” And with each passing day, the school, much like the track, became a place which was not worrying but satisfying.
提能訓練|英譯漢
她開始把校園看作一條跑道，一步一個腳印。所以一天天過去，走廊變得熟悉起來。當她轉過拐角去上下一節課的時候，她心想： “再跑一圈就好了。”日子一天天過去，學校就像跑道一樣，變成了一個不再令人擔憂，而是令人滿意的地方。
課時跟蹤檢測
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes gray matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. Like exercise shapes and strengthens muscles (肌肉), learning a language can have a similar effect on your brain.
The study also found the effect is greater, if the younger people learn a second language. A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that gray matter density (灰質密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals (通兩種語言的人) than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.
“Our findings suggest that the structure (結構) of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language，” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible，” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and thirty-four. Reading, writing, and cognition (認知) were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you can enter another world，” explained the scientists.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹學習第二語言會提升腦力，使人變得更聰明，而且越早學習第二語言，閱讀、寫作和認知能力會更好。
1．Why does the author mention “exercise” in the second paragraph
A．To encourage a regular fitness practice and an active lifestyle.
B．To show the importance of using the language when learning.
C．To suggest that learning a second language can improve physical fitness.
D．To highlight the similarities between language learning and physical exercise.
√
解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段的 “Researchers found that learning other languages changes gray matter ...have a similar effect on your brain.”可知，鍛煉能強身健體，學習第二語言能提升腦力。所以作者提及“鍛煉”是強調二者之間相似的影響，突出學習第二語言對腦力的作用。故選D項。
2．According to the passage, what did the study led by Dr Andrea Mechelli show
A．Learning a second language increases gray matter density.
B．Later language learning has a bigger influence on brain structure.
C．Language learning leads to lower gray matter density in the brain.
D．Learning a second language has no effect on the structure of the brain.
√
解析：細節理解題。根據第四段的 “Scans showed that gray matter density ... without a second language.和第五段可知， Dr Andrea Mechelli 的研究表明學習第二語言會提升大腦灰質密度的區域，改變大腦的結構。故選A項。
3．What can we learn from the passage
A．Learning a second language is only helpful during childhood.
B．Native Italian speakers learning English were similarly studied.
C．Learning a second language brings greater advantages if started young.
D．Bilingual will be more successful than a person who speaks only one language.
√
解析：細節理解題。根據第六段Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones說的話和第七段的 “Reading, writing, and ... the younger they started to learn, the better.”可知，學習第二語言能打開另一扇了解世界的窗戶，而且年紀越早學習，閱讀、寫作和認知能力就會發展得更好。所以年紀小時開始學習第二語言，獲得的優勢更多。故選C項。
4．What is the best title of this passage
A．Language Learning Increases IQ
B．Bilingual Helps Learning Mathematics
C．Learning a Second Language Improves Brain Power
D．Language Learning Unlocks the Door to A New World
解析：標題歸納題。文章主要介紹學習第二語言可以提升腦力。故選C項。
√
B
Language is born of culture and in turn reflects the history of a culture. This is clear when we compare English in Britain, the United States and Australia.
Of the three dialects, British English has the most confusing grammar and spelling rules. This is probably because the development of English has been under the control of the upper class. The modern English language came into being in the 18th century. The upper class who spoke French wanted to show their influence and make themselves different from the uneducated working people. In other words, British English reflects the English character with class.
The US dialect is generally recognised as the easiest to pared with British English, its spelling is more connected with its pronunciation. And its grammatical rules are much easier to follow. What's more, its words are simpler to pronounce. For foreigners, it's much easier to learn. That's why American English is more popular in the world.
The reason why American English is simpler than British English is connected with its special history. British English was mainly influenced by the upper class. But American upper class didn't exist when American English was born. American English was based on the dialects spoken by working people from different countries. So the formation of American English was based on a rule to help all the working people with different cultural backgrounds communicate more easily.
Australian English is different from British and American English. It is the most vulgar (粗俗的) of the three. Actually it has a tendency to show its invention, disrespect and humor. At times, this can make it almost impossible to understand and quite impolite to some educated speakers. That is partly connected with special identity of the early settlers.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，講述的是一個國家的語言能反映出這個國家的文化和歷史。
5．Why is British English more confusing than American English
A．Because it was influenced by the upper class.
B．Because English people are more educated.
C．Because it was totally created by Frenchmen.
D．Because England was more powerful in the past.
√
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Of the three dialects ...the upper class.”可知，是因為英式英語的發展受到上流社會的影響。
6．Why is American English more popular than British English worldwide
A．Because it has fewer words.
B．Because the US has a shorter history.
C．Because the US has a larger population.
D．Because it is easier to learn for foreigners.
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Compared with British English ... more popular in the world.”可知，美式英語更容易學。
√
7．What can we infer from the passage
A．Australian English is easy to understand.
B．Australian English is preferred by educated people.
C．Modern English became popular in the 18th century.
D．American English may develop from working people's language.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“American English was based on ... communicate more easily.”可推知，美式英語是來源于勞動人民的語言。
√
8．Which of the following can best describe Australian English
A．Polite. B．Rude.
C．Welcome. D．Special.
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“It is the most vulgar (粗俗的) of the three. Actually it has a tendency to show its invention, disrespect and humor.”可知答案。
√
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
How to Improve Vocabulary Fast
Your vocabulary refers to the words in a language you are familiar with. We should learn some ways to expand it.
Read every day. 9 Choose reading material that is slightly above your level and keep a dictionary with you to look up words you do not know.
10 If you do not meet with an unfamiliar word in your daily reading, use your dictionary to search for one.
Learn the correct definition and pronunciation for each new word. Pronunciation is as important as definition because in order to add a word to your active vocabulary, you must be able to use it in speech.
Elaborate (詳盡闡述) on the meaning of the word. If you have just learned the word “stubborn”， think about the neighbour who will not lend you his car. 11
Use your new word in speech and in writing.E-mail your sister about how your cat is stubborn about sleeping on your pillow. 12 But the more you use it, the more fluent you will become in its use. Soon it will be a regular part of your active vocabulary.
Tell everyone you are trying to increase your vocabulary. Encourage them to ask you what your latest word is. 13 The more you explain the meaning of a word to someone, the more likely you are to remember it.
A．Find a new word every day.
B．The vocabulary can be increased.
C．Your vocabulary contains the words you understand.
D．The more often you read, the faster your vocabulary can grow.
E．Or let them ask for the definition of a new word you have used.
F．The first time you use a new word in speech it may seem strange.
G．Imagine him shaking his head, and think of him as “stubborn in his refusal”．
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章對于如何增加詞匯量提出了幾條建議。
9．選D　根據上文“Read every day.”可知，該空承接上文，D項“你讀得越多，你的詞匯量增長得就越快。”符合語境，故選D。
10．選A　根據空后一句“如果你在日常閱讀中沒有遇到一個不熟悉的單詞，用你的字典找一個。”可知，該空引出下文，A項“每天找一個新單詞。”符合語境，故選A。
11．選G　根據空前兩句“詳細說明這個詞的意思。如果你剛剛學會了‘固執’這個詞，想想那個不愿把車借給你的鄰居吧。”可知，該空承接上文，G項“想象一下他搖著頭，想想他固執地拒絕。”符合語境，故選G。
12．選F　根據空后兩句“但是你用得越多，你就會用得越流利。很快它就會成為你日常積極詞匯的一部分。”可知，該空引出下文，F項“當你第一次在演講中使用一個新詞時，它可能看起來很奇怪。”符合語境，故選F。
13．選E　根據空前一句“鼓勵他們問你最新的詞匯”和空后一句“你向別人解釋一個單詞的意思越多，你就越有可能記住它。”可知，該空承上啟下，E項“或者讓他們問你用過的新單詞的定義。”符合語境，故選E。Section Ⅳ　“Developing ideas”的課文習讀環節
泛讀課文，完成以下學習任務
(一)理清文脈結構
(二)把握主旨大意
What is the passage mainly about？(　 )
A．An exciting adventure in English learning.
B．Some strange English words difficult to learn.
C．Some misunderstandings from different backgrounds.
D．Some funny posts about what we should learn in class.
精讀課文，完成以下學習任務
(一)閱讀理解
1．What happened to Maggie？(　 )
A．She was bitten by a frog in the throat.
B．She tried to eat a frog but got blocked.
C．She was unable to speak clearly for a short time.
D．She felt uncomfortable because she got a stomachache.
2．What does Yancy think of the British attitude towards their food？(　 )
A．Doubtful.　　　　 B．Supportive.
C．Helpless. D．Hopeful.
3．Why didn't Sophie find the shoes on the first floor (　 )
A．Because there were no shoes sections sold there.
B．Because she misunderstood the lady's words.
C．Because the shoes were all placed on the ground.
D．Because she didn't go up to the upper floor.
4．Julien found his penfriend's grandfather ______. (　 )
A．odd B．confused
C．negative D．nice
5．Why did Zheng Xu get a bit disappointed？(　 )
A．His paper was rejected.
B．He didn't get a good grade.
C．He misread his teacher's comment.
D．He didn't meet the high standards of his teacher.
[Tip]
依托文章主旨解題
第5題為推理判斷題，根據題干關鍵詞Zheng Xu可定位第四篇帖子。但細讀該帖的內容可以發現，單純依靠文中的詞句無法推知本題的答案。此時，可考慮借助文章的主旨來解題。由首段可知，本文討論的是一些容易引起誤解的英語表達，而文章各部分的選材立意都應和主旨保持一致，故此處要說明的也應是有關語言誤解的問題，結合該帖內容，老師給出的評價“Not bad！”字面意思與實際意義有出入，由此可得出本題答案。　　　　
(二)閱讀表達
1．What caused the misunderstandings mentioned in the passage？(參考詞匯：literally“字面上”)
　
　
　
2．How should we learn a language in order to avoid misunderstandings (Answers may vary.)
　
　
　
|閱|讀|技|能|提|升|
本文屬于新媒體語篇，以論壇專題討論的形式介紹了四位英語學習者在學習過程中遭遇的困惑與誤解。新媒體語篇常采用“總—分”或“分—總”的結構，一般形式靈活，主題時代感強，語言新穎前衛，常以輕松閑談的方式傳達作者的觀點看法。如本文采用了“總—分”結構，先提出討論的主題，然后分別呈現了四篇帖子。 閱讀時，先明確文章主旨，然后細讀分述內容，提煉文章細節，關注四個帖子中的俚語，理解四位英語學習者在學習過程中遭遇的困惑與誤解。
(一)賞用詞之妙
1．Last week, our forum asked if you had any funny or strange stories about using English. We didn't expect to get so many posts!
賞析：第一句中的形容詞funny和strange非常形象地揭示了英語俚語的某些特點，第二句中的so many則寫出了作者的驚訝與意外，加強了語氣和情感。
2．He told us that Maggie couldn't teach that day COZ she had a frog in her throat. Poor Maggie — but why did she try to eat such a big frog
賞析：COZ是because的縮略詞， 新媒體語言具有新穎前衛的特點，經常使用網絡新詞、流行語、縮略詞、方言諧音等，生動活潑、新鮮有趣。每篇文章的寫作都有與之相諧的語言風格，寫作時應多加注意。
3．The British must have really high standards.
賞析： 本句中用副詞really修飾high，突出強調了“高標準”的程度，本句可翻譯為“英國人的標準一定很高很高”，為后文作者描寫自己的困惑做好了鋪墊。副詞的靈活運用可以令細節描寫更具體生動，更細致入微。
①(同義替換)The children's attention was suddenly drawn to the passer by who had a(n) __________ (＝interesting) hat on and wore __________ (＝odd) clothes.
②(完成句子)I didn't expect to get ________________________ on my birthday.
我沒想到在我生日那天會收到這么多漂亮的禮物。
③(單句語法填空)He's __________ (real) knowledgeable when you get to know him.
④(完成句子)Nowadays many people especially the young often use emojis or abbreviations. For example, ____________________________________.
現在很多人，尤其是年輕人經常使用表情符號或縮寫。例如，“because”可以被稱為“COZ”。
(二)賞句式之高
Here are some of our favourites, to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world!
賞析：這是一個復雜的主從復合句。主句Here are some of our favourites是地點副詞here位于句首的完全倒裝句，to remind us ...是不定式短語作目的狀語，that引導賓語從句，作remind的直接賓語，其中we learn in the classroom是省略that的定語從句。各種高級表達接連出現，既顯得句式錯落有致，簡繁結合，體現了作者深厚的寫作功底，又在更大程度上傳達了作者的寫作意圖。
①(漢譯英)(2024·浙江1月高考寫作)下面是跑步的一些好處。
________________________________________________________________________
②(完成句子)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)Holding the cup, I thanked him for his encouragement, telling him that the cup would __________________________________________________.
我拿著獎杯，感謝他的鼓勵，告訴他這個獎杯會提醒我寫作將是我生命中的一部分。
③(完成句子)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)______________________________ smoothly, I hope that you can consider the aspects ______________________________.
為了使這項活動順利進行，我希望你們能夠考慮我上面提到的方面。
(三)賞修辭之功
When I got the paper back, I found my teacher had written the comment “Not bad！” Not bad But there weren't any errors in my paper.
賞析：句中的Not bad？使用了“反問”修辭手法，使語氣增強，增加了感染力。和后面But連接的句子搭配，寫出了作者深深的困惑不解。
We have offered you all you need. What more do you want
　
　
(四)賞銜接之順
When I first visited New York, I went to a downtown shopping centre to buy some winter boots. At the information desk at the entrance, I asked a lady where the shoe section was. She said that it was on the first floor. So I went up to the first floor, but couldn't find any shoes. I decided to leave.
賞析：本段內容屬于故事敘述。作者運用時間狀語從句交代了故事發生的時間，用介詞短語交代了故事的地點，為故事展開做好了鋪墊。在講述情節發展時使用了銜接詞so和but，營造了情節起伏及矛盾沖突，增加了故事的吸引力。這些詞句的使用使上下文銜接自然流暢，內容渾然一體。
(2024·浙江1月高考寫作)She began to see the campus as a track, one step at a time. So day by day, the hallways became familiar. As she rounded the corner to her next class, she thought to herself, “Just one more lap.” And with each passing day, the school, much like the track, became a place which was not worrying but satisfying.
　
　　
　
　
　
Section Ⅳ
課文閱讀理解
泛讀課文，完成以下學習任務 　
(一)①different　②frog　③first　④negative　⑤nice　⑥paper
(二)C
精讀課文，完成以下學習任務 　
(一)1.C　2.A　3.B　4.D　5.C
(二)1.Different cultural backgrounds and understanding the expressions literally caused the misunderstandings.
2．Try to know some ethnic cultures especially the origin of some words and expressions and guess the meaning of words and expressions according to the context.
課文寫法借鑒
(一)①funny; strange　②so many nice presents　③really
④“because” can be referred to as “COZ”
(二)①Here are some advantages of running.
②remind me that writing would be part of my life
③To make this activity go on; that I have mentioned above
(三)我們已經提供了你所需要的一切。你還想要什么？
(四)她開始把校園看作一條跑道，一步一個腳印。所以一天天過去，走廊變得熟悉起來。當她轉過拐角去上下一節課的時候，她心想： “再跑一圈就好了。”日子一天天過去，學校就像跑道一樣，變成了一個不再令人擔憂，而是令人滿意的地方。
1 / 5UNIT 2　課時檢測(四)　“Developing ideas”的課文習讀環節
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes gray matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. Like exercise shapes and strengthens muscles (肌肉), learning a language can have a similar effect on your brain.
The study also found the effect is greater, if the younger people learn a second language. A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that gray matter density (灰質密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals (通兩種語言的人) than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.
“Our findings suggest that the structure (結構) of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language，” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible，” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and thirty four. Reading, writing, and cognition (認知) were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you can enter another world，” explained the scientists.
1．Why does the author mention “exercise” in the second paragraph
A．To encourage a regular fitness practice and an active lifestyle.
B．To show the importance of using the language when learning.
C．To suggest that learning a second language can improve physical fitness.
D．To highlight the similarities between language learning and physical exercise.
2．According to the passage, what did the study led by Dr Andrea Mechelli show
A．Learning a second language increases gray matter density.
B．Later language learning has a bigger influence on brain structure.
C．Language learning leads to lower gray matter density in the brain.
D．Learning a second language has no effect on the structure of the brain.
3．What can we learn from the passage
A．Learning a second language is only helpful during childhood.
B．Native Italian speakers learning English were similarly studied.
C．Learning a second language brings greater advantages if started young.
D．Bilingual will be more successful than a person who speaks only one language.
4．What is the best title of this passage
A．Language Learning Increases IQ
B．Bilingual Helps Learning Mathematics
C．Learning a Second Language Improves Brain Power
D．Language Learning Unlocks the Door to A New World
B
Language is born of culture and in turn reflects the history of a culture. This is clear when we compare English in Britain, the United States and Australia.
Of the three dialects, British English has the most confusing grammar and spelling rules. This is probably because the development of English has been under the control of the upper class. The modern English language came into being in the 18th century. The upper class who spoke French wanted to show their influence and make themselves different from the uneducated working people. In other words, British English reflects the English character with class.
The US dialect is generally recognised as the easiest to pared with British English, its spelling is more connected with its pronunciation. And its grammatical rules are much easier to follow. What's more, its words are simpler to pronounce. For foreigners, it's much easier to learn. That's why American English is more popular in the world.
The reason why American English is simpler than British English is connected with its special history. British English was mainly influenced by the upper class. But American upper class didn't exist when American English was born. American English was based on the dialects spoken by working people from different countries. So the formation of American English was based on a rule to help all the working people with different cultural backgrounds communicate more easily.
Australian English is different from British and American English. It is the most vulgar (粗俗的) of the three. Actually it has a tendency to show its invention, disrespect and humor. At times, this can make it almost impossible to understand and quite impolite to some educated speakers. That is partly connected with special identity of the early settlers.
5．Why is British English more confusing than American English
A．Because it was influenced by the upper class.
B．Because English people are more educated.
C．Because it was totally created by Frenchmen.
D．Because England was more powerful in the past.
6．Why is American English more popular than British English worldwide
A．Because it has fewer words.
B．Because the US has a shorter history.
C．Because the US has a larger population.
D．Because it is easier to learn for foreigners.
7．What can we infer from the passage
A．Australian English is easy to understand.
B．Australian English is preferred by educated people.
C．Modern English became popular in the 18th century.
D．American English may develop from working people's language.
8．Which of the following can best describe Australian English
A．Polite. B．Rude.
C．Welcome. D．Special.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
How to Improve Vocabulary Fast
Your vocabulary refers to the words in a language you are familiar with. We should learn some ways to expand it.
Read every day. __9__ Choose reading material that is slightly above your level and keep a dictionary with you to look up words you do not know.
__10__ If you do not meet with an unfamiliar word in your daily reading, use your dictionary to search for one.
Learn the correct definition and pronunciation for each new word. Pronunciation is as important as definition because in order to add a word to your active vocabulary, you must be able to use it in speech.
Elaborate (詳盡闡述) on the meaning of the word. If you have just learned the word “stubborn”， think about the neighbour who will not lend you his car.__11__
Use your new word in speech and in writing.E mail your sister about how your cat is stubborn about sleeping on your pillow. __12__ But the more you use it, the more fluent you will become in its use. Soon it will be a regular part of your active vocabulary.
Tell everyone you are trying to increase your vocabulary. Encourage them to ask you what your latest word is. __13__ The more you explain the meaning of a word to someone, the more likely you are to remember it.
A．Find a new word every day.
B．The vocabulary can be increased.
C．Your vocabulary contains the words you understand.
D．The more often you read, the faster your vocabulary can grow.
E．Or let them ask for the definition of a new word you have used.
F．The first time you use a new word in speech it may seem strange.
G．Imagine him shaking his head, and think of him as “stubborn in his refusal”．
UNIT 2　課時檢測(四)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹學習第二語言會提升腦力，使人變得更聰明，而且越早學習第二語言，閱讀、寫作和認知能力會更好。　　
1．選D　推理判斷題。根據第二段的 “Researchers found that learning other languages changes gray matter ...have a similar effect on your brain.”可知，鍛煉能強身健體，學習第二語言能提升腦力。所以作者提及“鍛煉”是強調二者之間相似的影響，突出學習第二語言對腦力的作用。故選D項。
2．選A　細節理解題。根據第四段的 “Scans showed that gray matter density ... without a second language.和第五段可知， Dr Andrea Mechelli 的研究表明學習第二語言會提升大腦灰質密度的區域，改變大腦的結構。故選A項。
3．選C　細節理解題。根據第六段Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones說的話和第七段的 “Reading, writing, and ... the younger they started to learn, the better.”可知，學習第二語言能打開另一扇了解世界的窗戶，而且年紀越早學習，閱讀、寫作和認知能力就會發展得更好。所以年紀小時開始學習第二語言，獲得的優勢更多。故選C項。
4．選C　標題歸納題。文章主要介紹學習第二語言可以提升腦力。故選C項。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，講述的是一個國家的語言能反映出這個國家的文化和歷史。　　
5．選A　細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Of the three dialects ...the upper class.”可知，是因為英式英語的發展受到上流社會的影響。
6．選D　細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Compared with British English ... more popular in the world.”可知，美式英語更容易學。
7．選D　推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“American English was based on ... communicate more easily.”可推知，美式英語是來源于勞動人民的語言。
8．選B　細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“It is the most vulgar (粗俗的) of the three. Actually it has a tendency to show its invention, disrespect and humor.”可知答案。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章對于如何增加詞匯量提出了幾條建議。
9．選D　根據上文“Read every day.”可知，該空承接上文，D項“你讀得越多，你的詞匯量增長得就越快。”符合語境，故選D。
10．選A　根據空后一句“如果你在日常閱讀中沒有遇到一個不熟悉的單詞，用你的字典找一個。”可知，該空引出下文，A項“每天找一個新單詞。”符合語境，故選A。
11．選G　根據空前兩句“詳細說明這個詞的意思。如果你剛剛學會了‘固執’這個詞，想想那個不愿把車借給你的鄰居吧。”可知，該空承接上文，G項“想象一下他搖著頭，想想他固執地拒絕。”符合語境，故選G。
12．選F　根據空后兩句“但是你用得越多，你就會用得越流利。很快它就會成為你日常積極詞匯的一部分。”可知，該空引出下文，F項“當你第一次在演講中使用一個新詞時，它可能看起來很奇怪。”符合語境，故選F。
13．選E　根據空前一句“鼓勵他們問你最新的詞匯”和空后一句“你向別人解釋一個單詞的意思越多，你就越有可能記住它。”可知，該空承上啟下，E項“或者讓他們問你用過的新單詞的定義。”符合語境，故選E。
1 / 4

展開更多......

收起↑