資源簡介

UNIT 3　SPORTS AND FITNESS
　Part 1　Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking
基礎過關練
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1.“Merci” was the only French word that I 　　　　(掌握)when travelling in Paris.
2.After years of hard training the 　　　　 (運動員) won an Olympic gold m　　　　.
3.All these 　　　　 (體育場) are still functional, still open and still 　　　　 (舉辦) the biggest 　　　　 (比賽項目) in world sport.
Ⅱ.單句語法填空
1.From my point of view, 　　　　　 (fail)is the mother of success.　
2.(易錯題)The soccer player suffered terrible injuries 　　　　　 his leg.
3.We’re debating whether or not to go 　　　　　 (ski) this winter.
4.It took Susan several weeks to regain her 　　　　　 (strong) after a long hike.
5.Boys want to become strong and good-looking; girls want to be slim and 　　　　　 (grace).
6.In the last thirty years, the number of people joining in physical 　　　　　 (fit) programs has increased sharply.
7.As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong 　　　　　 (determine).
8.Today, people depend on social media to check the daily headlines and keep track 　　　　　 what’s happening in the world.
9.Since June 2017, I 　　　　　 (help) the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.
10.There will be a badminton match in the new gym, 　　　　　 there
Ⅲ.選詞填空
set an example; give up; make it; come along
　　My deskmate’s English has 1.　　　　　　 a lot recently. That’s because he studies very hard. He tells me that success belongs to the person who never 2.　　　　　　. He 3.　　　　　　 for me. So I determine to learn from him and try my best to improve my English, and I believe I can 4.　　　　　. 　
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.我意識到在遇到失敗時人們不應該喪失信心,而應該迎接挑戰。
I have learned that one should 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the face of 　　　　, but meet the challenge. (讀后續寫—主旨升華)
2.事實上,國內外關于我國的紀錄片非常多。
In fact, documentaries about our country are plentiful both 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
3.發表題為“做聰明的在線學習者”的演講,我感到榮幸。(一句多譯)
①I 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 a speech titled “Be smart online learners”.(honour v.)
②It 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 for me 　　　　 　　　　 a speech titled “Be smart online learners”.(honour n.)
能力提升練
Ⅰ.課文語法填空
“Living Legends of Sports” must be athletes who are masters of their sports and also set good examples　1　 others. Here are two of them. One is Lang Ping, a coach who led the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and 　2　 Olympics. Before the 2015 World Cup, she showed her strong 　3　(determine). 　4　(face)the challenge that her team was falling apart, she didn’t give 　5　. And her young players worked together as a team and finally made it to the championship. She is loved by fans at home and abroad. Another living legend is Michael Jordan, 　6　 (know) as “Air Jordan”, who changed basketball with his 　7　 (grace) moves and jumps. His skills were impressive, but 　8　 made him unique was the mental strength that he showed. He always seemed to find a way to win in the final seconds of a game, and he says the secret to his success is learning from his many 　9　(fail). Jordan also started the Boys and Girls Club, which 　10　 (help) young people since 1996.
1.　　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　　
4.　　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　　 6.　　　　　　　
7.　　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　　
Ⅱ.語法填空
As the saying goes, “No one knows the value of health until he loses it.” From this, we know that health is 　1　 (true) important to everybody. But how to keep fit Many people believe that sports can offer people health and pleasure. As far as I am concerned, doing physical exercise 　2　 (have) lots of advantages.
First of all, doing exercise in the morning will refresh me as well as giving me a good appetite to eat my breakfast. What’s more, the air in the morning is really fresh and clean, so I can keep my mind clear and sound in the class. If I do not do any physical exercise for a long time, I will feel tired　3　 my body will become quite sluggish(缺乏活力的). During the night, I may find 　4　harder to fall asleep. Last but not least,　5　 (do) exercise every day will help me build a better personality. It takes time and patience　6　 (do) exercise.Sometimes I just want to give up, but my friends encourage me to carry on. Then I feel a lot of satisfaction. Doing physical exercise makes me stronger and 　7　 (healthy). That’s my personal experience.
To be 　8　all-round student, I’m sure sports are necessary. You can pick a sport 　9　you enjoy most and do it every day. Only in this way can you build up your 　10　 (strong) and stay happy.
1.　　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　　
4.　　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　　 6.　　　　　　　
7.　　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　　
Ⅲ.閱讀理解
A
Exercise you can do at home
Walking
　　An effective walking workout at home will help to strengthen your legs, and you can get some low-impact aerobic exercise as well. If you don’t have any available stairs, just walk around the house a few times—it may not be very exciting, but it will do the job!
Jumping jacks
These are always fun, as they bring back memories of being a kid! Who didn’t do jumping jacks for fun as a child Well, surprise!—They are also great cardio exercise, and good for warming up, too.
Push-ups
These are probably not the favorite exercise of many people. While they can be hard to do, you can find easier ways to do them. You don’t need to pretend you’re “Rocky”, and do them with one hand: just do what works on you. Do them on your knees, instead of keeping your legs straight. Or do them by standing up against a wall. You will build up arm strength and exercise muscles in your chest area.
Leg lifts
These are great for building up the muscles in your legs. If you find it hard to do the exercise with your legs straight, try bending them slightly.
Crunches
They’re the best exercise for strengthening belly(腹部) muscles. When you’re just getting started, don’t worry about getting your head all the way up. As long as you’re going up until you feel the stretch(伸展) of the muscles, you will see some benefit.
Jogging in place
Jogging is great exercise for your heart. You can jog in place at home while watching TV or listening to music. The only equipment you will require is a good pair of shoes, to eliminate(消除) any stress on your legs.
Squats
These are wonderful exercise for your legs and bottom. You can even just try these by sitting and standing up again from a regular chair, if you’re finding them to be too difficult. As long as you’re able to do a few rounds, you will provide some benefit for your body.
Dancing
Dancing is wonderful exercise, which is great for your heart. Not only that, but it can lift your spirits as well, and give your overall feeling a boost.
1.Which column does this article belong to in the newspaper
A.Health.　　　B.Entertainment.　　　C.Travel.　　　D.Advertisement.
2.If Tom wants to strengthen his chest muscles, which exercise is most suitable for him
A.Walking.　　　B.Push-ups.　　　C.Jumping jacks.　　　D.Squats.
3.Which of the following are best for the heart
A.Walking and Push-ups.　　　B.Leg lifts and Crunches.
C.Squats and Dancing.　　　D.Dancing and Jogging in place.
B
　　The first time I realized that I had a love for sports competitions was during the Field Day in the elementary school. Small for my age, and more of a bookworm than a sports lover, I had suffered that special humiliation of being picked last for various gym teams. The Field Day, which focused on individual (個體的) skills, was different. In the Softball Throw event, I got my first taste of sporting victory. Credit went to my first coach, my father. He lifted weights every morning at home. He bought us all baseball gloves and hats, and in the warm months, we spent hours playing catch.
Once I got to sixth grade and switched to a private school, our entire student body was assigned to either the Red or the White team. Throughout the year, we competed against each other in various games and exercises for points. I eventually became president of the Committee of Games. I also played on the field hockey team and the basketball team. And at home, playing tennis, skating, skiing and biking were simply normal things we did. During the break time, magazines were also quite popular with us teens. These regularly featured articles on physical exercise. Somehow, my college roommate and I took up the habit of completing Royal Canadian Air Force(RCAF) exercises every day, a practice that continued into my marriage, when I had no spare money to use to join a gym.
So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation (基礎) developed in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered important even on vacation. I still love reading and the arts, too. As far as I’m concerned, life is the richest with my feet in both worlds.
4.What does the underlined word “humiliation” mean in paragraph 1
A.Responsibility.　　　B.Amazement.　　　C.Shame.　　　D.Glory.
5.The author thought she won in the Softball Throw event because of 　　　.
A.her confidence in her sports skills　　　
B.the efforts she put into exercise
C.her advanced sports gloves and hats　　　
D.the strong influence of her father
6.What happened after the author stepped into adulthood
A.She changed the focus on reading.　　　
B.She stuck to working out.
C.She regularly exercised on weekends.　　　
D.She joined the Royal Canadian Air Force.
7.What is the author’s purpose of writing the text
A.To express her love for sports.
B.To show her father’s guidance on sports.
C.To stress the advantages of physical exercise.
D.To share her childhood memories of sports.
答案與分層梯度式解析
UNIT 3　SPORTS AND FITNESS
Part 1　Listening and Speaking &
Reading and Thinking
基礎過關練
Ⅰ.1.mastered　2.athlete;medal　3.stadiums/stadia;hosting;events
Ⅱ.1.failure　考查名詞。設空處后面為系動詞is,故設空處作主語。此處表示“失敗乃成功之母”,故用名詞failure。
2.to　考查介詞。表示身體某部位受傷用“injury/injuries to+身體部位”。故填to。
定勢糾偏
此題容易受漢語“在……部位上”的影響誤用介詞on。“injury/injuries to+身體部位”是固定搭配,故排除介詞on。
3.skiing　考查固定搭配。go skiing意為“去滑雪”。故填skiing。
4.strength　考查名詞。設空處作動詞regain的賓語,且由形容詞性物主代詞her修飾,故填名詞strength。regain her strength表示“恢復她的體力”。
學科思維
英語也有“偏旁”,即構成一個詞的各個部分,可根據單詞的構成來猜測其意思。如本題中的regain,由前綴re-和詞根gain兩部分構成,re-表示“又,再,重新”,gain表示“獲得”,由此可猜測regain表示“重新獲得”。了解一些詞根和詞綴的意思有助于理解一些派生詞。
5.graceful　考查形容詞。句意:男孩們想要變得強壯和好看,女孩們想要苗條和優雅。設空處與slim并列,作表語,表示“優雅的”。故填graceful。
6.fitness　考查名詞。句意:在過去的三十年里,參加健身項目的人數急劇增加。physical fitness programs是一個名詞短語,意為“健身項目”。故填fitness。
7.determination　考查名詞。句意:作為學校的一名特殊教育老師,我熟悉戴維所面臨的挑戰,并為他堅定的決心感到驕傲。設空處被形容詞strong修飾,作介詞of的賓語,故用名詞形式。故填determination,意為“決心”,為不可數名詞。
8.of　考查介詞。句意:如今,人們依靠社交媒體來查看每日頭條新聞,了解世界上正在發生的事情。keep track of...為固定搭配,表示“了解/掌握……”。故填of。
9.have been helping　考查時態和主謂一致。句意:從2017年6月開始,我就一直在幫助動物園的熊貓飼養員更舒服、更自信地說英語。結合語境可知此處表示動作從過去的某一時間開始一直持續到現在,并且有可能繼續下去,強調動作的連續性,應用現在完成進行時,主語為I,故填have been helping。
10. won’t　考查附加疑問句。句意:在新體育館將有一場羽毛球比賽, 不是嗎 本句是There be句型,其附加疑問部分為:be動詞/情態動詞/助動詞+there。附加疑問部分的be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞要和陳述部分There后的動詞保持一致。本句陳述部分用一般將來時(will),且陳述部分是肯定形式,故附加疑問部分應用won’t。
Ⅲ.1.come along　2.gives up　3.sets an example
4.make it
Ⅳ.1.not lose heart;failure　2.at home and abroad
3.①am/feel honoured to make/give　②is an honour;to make/give
能力提升練
Ⅰ.1.to/for　考查介詞。set good examples to/for...表示“為……樹立好的榜樣”。
2.the　考查冠詞。the Olympics指“奧運會”,故用定冠詞the。
3.determination　考查名詞。 設空處前有形容詞性物主代詞her和形容詞strong修飾,故填名詞determination,意為“決心”,為不可數名詞。
4.Facing　考查現在分詞。“　4　(face) the challenge that her team was falling apart(面對她的團隊要瓦解的挑戰)”與“she didn’t give 　5　(她沒有……)”之間無連詞,故設空處應用非謂語動詞作狀語。提示詞face與句子主語she之間為主動關系,應用現在分詞。注意句首的單詞首字母大寫。故填Facing。
5.up　考查固定短語。句意:面對她的團隊要瓦解的挑戰,她沒有放棄。give up為固定短語,意為“放棄”,故填up。
6.known　考查過去分詞。該句中第一個逗號前句子成分完整,且空格前只有逗號,沒有連詞,故設空處應填非謂語動詞。提示詞know與Michael Jordan之間為被動關系,故填過去分詞known。
7.graceful　考查形容詞。設空處前有形容詞性物主代詞his,空后為名詞短語moves and jumps,故應填形容詞graceful,構成“限定詞+形容詞+中心名詞”的名詞短語,表示“他優雅的移動和跳躍”。
8.what　考查連接代詞。句意:他的技能令人印象深刻,但是使他獨一無二的是他所展現的精神力量。該句為but連接的并列復合句,后一個分句中的謂語動詞為was,故“　8　 made him unique”為主語從句且從句中缺主語,由后面的表語the mental strength可知這里指代事物,故填what。
9.failures　考查名詞復數。設空處由many修飾,故填復數名詞failures。這里表示從很多失敗的經歷中學習,failure 表示失敗的人或事物時,為可數名詞。
類比啟發
類似的詞還有success。success在表示成功的人或事物時,為可數名詞,而在表示抽象的成功概念時,為不可數名詞。
10.has been helping　考查時態和主謂一致。設空處位于關系代詞which后,提示詞為動詞,故應為定語從句中的謂語。根據語境和時間狀語since 1996可知,該俱樂部自1996年開始就一直在幫助年輕人。help表示的動作從1996年一直延續到現在,并且有可能還會繼續下去,應用現在完成進行時。which引導定語從句,代替the Boys and Girls Club(單數意義)在從句中作主語,故從句謂語動詞用單數形式,故填has been helping。
Ⅱ.◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了鍛煉給作者帶來的一些好處。
1.truly　考查副詞。設空處修飾形容詞important,作狀語,應用副詞形式。故填truly。
2.has　考查時態和主謂一致。句意:就我而言,進行體育鍛煉有很多好處。設空處陳述一般性的事實,用一般現在時,且主語是一個動名詞短語,表示單數意義,故謂語動詞用單數形式。故填has。
3.and　考查連詞。句意:如果我長時間不進行體育鍛煉,我會感覺疲憊,我的身體會變得非常缺乏活力。設空處前面的“I will feel tired”和后面的“my body will become quite sluggish”為并列關系,故填并列連詞and。
4.it　考查代詞。句意:在晚上,我可能會發現更難入睡。此處為“find it+adj.+to do sth.”結構,it作形式賓語,不定式為真正的賓語。故填it。
5.doing　考查動名詞。句意:最后但同樣重要的是,每天鍛煉有助于我塑造更好的性格。設空處作主語,表示一般性概念,故用動名詞形式。故填doing。
6.to do　考查不定式。句意:鍛煉需要時間和耐心。本句為“it takes...to do sth.”結構,表示“做某事需要……”。其中it是形式主語,不定式是真正的主語。故設空處用不定式。故填to do。
7.healthier　考查形容詞比較級。句意:進行體育鍛煉使我更強壯、更健康。設空處與前面的stronger(比較級)用并列連詞and連接,作makes的賓語補足語,應用形容詞比較級。故填healthier。
8.an　考查冠詞。句意:為了成為一名全面發展的學生,我確信體育運動是必要的。設空處對名詞student起到限定作用,泛指“一名……的學生”,應用不定冠詞,且all-round的發音以元音音素開頭,故填不定冠詞an。
9.which/that　考查定語從句。設空處無提示詞,空前主謂賓成分完整,空后缺少enjoy的賓語,結合語境可知enjoy的賓語即前面的sport,所以設空處引導定語從句且在從句中作賓語,修飾指物的名詞sport,故用關系代詞which或that。句意:你可以選擇一項你最喜歡的運動,每天都做。
10.strength　考查名詞。設空處被形容詞性物主代詞your修飾,故填名詞,構成build up one’s strength,表示“增強某人的體力”。故填strength。
【高頻詞匯】　1.refresh vt.使恢復精力　2.appetite n.食欲;胃口　3.personality n.性格;個性　4.patience n.耐心
5.carry on 繼續;堅持　6.satisfaction n.滿足;滿意;欣慰
【熟詞生義】　sound adj.健康的
Ⅲ. A
◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了幾種可以在家做的鍛煉。
1.A　推理判斷題。根據文章標題“Exercise you can do at home”可知,這篇文章主要介紹的是鍛煉,由此可知,文章最可能出現在報紙的健康專欄。故選A。B.娛樂;C.旅游;D.廣告。
2.B　細節理解題。根據Push-ups部分中的最后一句“You will build up arm strength and exercise muscles in your chest area.”可知,俯臥撐可以鍛煉胸部肌肉。由此可知,如果湯姆想鍛煉胸肌,俯臥撐最適合他。故選B。
3.D　細節理解題。根據Jogging in place部分中的“Jogging is great exercise for your heart.”及Dancing部分中的“Dancing is wonderful exercise, which is great for your heart.”可知,原地慢跑和跳舞這兩項運動對心臟最有益。故選D。
【高頻詞匯】　1.effective adj.有效的;實際的
2.available adj.可用的,可獲得的　3.instead of而不是,代替　4.slightly adv.略微;稍微
【熟詞生義】　bottom n.臀部
長難句
原句　As long as you’re going up until you feel the stretch of the muscles, you will see some benefit.
分析　本句是主從復合句。As long as引導條件狀語從句,其中含有until引導的時間狀語從句。
譯文　只要你(的身體)在抬升,直到你感覺到肌肉的拉伸,你就會看到一些成效。
B
◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。作者從小就熱愛體育,并且在父親的指導和培訓下第一次嘗到了運動勝利的滋味。于是作者開始參與各種體育運動,并把這種對體育的熱愛持續到了成年。
4.C　詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞所在句可知,作者身材矮小,更像是一個書蟲,并且在各種體操隊都是最后一個被選中,所以從常識可推知,作者認為這是一種丟臉的事情。結合前面的suffered可知,畫線詞意為“恥辱”。故選C。A.責任;B.驚奇;D.榮譽。
5.D　細節理解題。根據第一段的“Credit went to my first coach, my father.”可知,作者認為她在擲壘球比賽中獲勝是因為她父親的影響。故選D。
6.B　細節理解題。根據最后一段的“that early foundation developed in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus”可知,作者成年后保持了對運動的熱愛。故選B。
7.A　推理判斷題。文章第一段講到,在小學的運動日,作者第一次意識到對體育比賽的熱愛,并在父親的影響下在擲壘球比賽中獲勝;第二段講了進入私立學校以及大學后,作者仍癡迷于體育運動;最后一段講了早期的基礎持續到了成年,變成了一種對運動和健身的專注。故推知,作者寫這篇文章的目的是表達她對運動的熱愛。故選A。
【高頻詞匯】　1.suffer vt.遭受 vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦　2.focus on 重視;特別關注　3.switch v.轉換;改變　4.assign vt.指派;分派;分配　5.regularly adv.定期地;經常　6.feature v.以……為特色n.特色　7.take up 開始從事;對……產生興趣　8.shock v.使震驚
【熟詞生義】　1.weight n.杠鈴片　2.catch n.傳接球游戲
長難句
原句　Somehow, my college roommate and I took up the habit of completing Royal Canadian Air Force(RCAF) exercises every day, a practice that continued into my marriage, when I had no spare money to use to join a gym.
分析　本句是一個主從復合句。a practice是前面Royal Canadian Air Force(RCAF) exercises的同位語,關系代詞that引導定語從句,修飾先行詞practice;when引導非限制性定語從句,修飾先行詞marriage。
譯文　不知怎的,我和大學室友養成了每天完成加拿大皇家空軍訓練活動的習慣,這種訓練一直持續到我結婚,到那時我就沒有多余的錢用來去健身房了。
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