資源簡介

Section Ⅰ　“Understanding ideas”的課文習讀環節
泛讀課文，完成以下學習任務
(一)理清文脈結構
(二)把握主旨大意
1．What's the main idea of the text？(　　)
A．It introduces Tolkien's book Letters from Father Christmas.
B．It tells about Tolkien's life and adventures at the North Pole.
C．It is mainly about who wrote these letters.
D．It teaches us how to love our children.
2．What is Letters from Father Christmas about
　
精讀課文，完成以下學習任務
(一)閱讀理解
1．Who may be most interested in the book Letters from Father Christmas (　　)
A．People who like reading novels.
B．People who like playing games.
C．People who like reading books about festivals.
D．People who consider Christmas a special time of year.
2．Why did J．R.R.Tolkien write these letters to his children？(　　)
A．To share with them some interesting stories.
B．To show them how to celebrate Christmas.
C．To give them a big surprise at Christmas.
D．To keep Father Christmas alive for them.
3．Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage？(　　)
A．There's a North Pole stamp on each letter.
B．Tolkien took a long time to finish each letter.
C．The letters warned children to be good, or they wouldn't receive the presents.
D．Writing the letters is Tolkien's way of keeping Father Christmas alive for his four children.
4．What kind of father do you think J．R.R.Tolkien was？(　　)
A．Humorous.　　　　　 B．Strict.
C．Serious. D．Caring.
5．Why has Tolkien been regarded as the real Father Christmas？(　　)
A．He calls on us to share the true spirit of giving at Christmas time.
B．He expressed love for his children in a special way.
C．His letters changed as his children got older.
D．His letters tell us to enjoy real Christmas.
[Tip]
切忌以細節代替推斷
第5題易誤選B選項，仔細審讀題干的問題并結合文章內容可以看出，B選項只是與題干有關的一個細節，而非問題的正確答案。推理判斷題屬于深層次理解類試題，考查的是在理解原文字面意義的基礎上，通過對語篇邏輯關系的分析和細節的暗示，進行推理、判斷的能力。有一些干擾項僅僅是對原文細節的簡單復述，而非推斷出來的結論，解題時應注意避開此類誤區。
　　　　　
(二)閱讀表達
1．What do you think of Letters from Father Christmas How do you like the way Tolkien expressed love for his children
　
2．Tolkien emphasized the true spirit of giving in his book. Do you think all festivals share the same spirit And what are they in particular
　
　|閱|讀|技|能|提|升|
本文是一則書評，評論并介紹了《圣誕老人的來信》這本書。書評的結構較為固定，一般采用“簡介—評述—結論”。簡介部分細節較多，讀時注意提取與作者及作品內容有關的具體信息，如本文中有關托爾金的介紹及《圣誕老人的來信》這本書的創作背景和情節內容，此類信息一般是細節理解題的設題點。其次，根據作者的評述來推斷其觀點態度。例如，根據文章中出現的the perfect book, one of the most famous names in English literature, beautifully illustrated, wonderful stories等，可以看出作者對這本書的稱贊。
(一)賞用詞之妙
1．A regular character in the letters was Polar Bear, who once climbed the North Pole (an actual pole in this case) and fell through the roof of Father Christmas's house.
賞析：本句中的兩個動作climbed和fell through栩栩如生地描繪了一幅北極熊闖禍的搞笑畫面，塑造了一只笨拙、調皮的北極熊的形象。
2．Interestingly, the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.
賞析：本句中Interestingly作評注性狀語修飾整個句子，點明了這些信件的特別之處，同時傳達了作者的個人情感。評注性狀語常用逗號與句子隔開，用以對全句進行解釋說明，表示說話人對所說情況的看法或態度。常見的有：fortunately, luckily, thankfully, hopefully等。
3．Letters from Father Christmas tells us that as well as enjoying the adventures of Father Christmas, Polar Bear and other characters at the North Pole, we can all share the true spirit of giving at Christmas time.
賞析：本句中的as well as，相當于in addition to, 意為“除了……以外(還)”，在此表示遞進關系，進一步揭示了《圣誕老人的來信》這本書的價值所在，點明了文章的主旨。
①________________________________________________________________________, we'll arrive before dark.
我們有望在天黑前到達。
②____________________________， he has been taking Spanish lessons this summer.
今年夏天，除了學習游泳以外，他還在上西班牙語課。
　　　
(二)賞句式之高
That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.
賞析：本句先是運用了That is why ...結構介紹了《圣誕老人的來信》這本書的受歡迎程度，接著又用who 引導的定語從句具體說明了其讀者范圍。兩個高級句式的運用不但提升了表達的層次性而且豐富了文章的細節信息。
[提能訓練|使用復合句完成句子]
①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. ________________________________________________.
他們還需要準備好接受國際記者的采訪。這就是他們需要一個英語老師的原因。
②She is so kind that she is ready to help ____________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
她很善良，隨時準備幫助那些有困難的人。　　
(三)賞描摹之韻(語氣描寫)
The children must have been very excited as they opened it. Inside, they would find a handwritten letter from Father Christmas.The letters were also beautifully illustrated — each must have taken its true author, Tolkien, a long time to complete.
賞析：此處作者運用了情態動詞來描述自己設想中的種種場景：孩子收到禮物時的心情，他們的發現，托爾金在這些信上所傾注的時間和精力。would在此表示“往往會”，兩處must都用來表示一種較為肯定的推測，一方面表達了這些場景都是作者自己的主觀猜測，另一方面，也說明了作者對這些場景的真實性很有把握。
(四)賞修辭之功
The letters did, however, change as Tolkien's children got older：
...but if you find that not many of the things you asked for have come, and not perhaps quite as many as sometimes, remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number of poor and starving people.
賞析：此處在說明隨著孩子們年齡的增長，書信的內容也隨之變化時，作者直接引用了Tolkien書信中的原句來印證自己的看法，具有很強的說服效果。寫作中除了引用原文外，還可以引用詩句、格言、諺語等，來提高文章的說服力，令表達更富啟發性。
節日是傳統文化的重要組成部分，是人類社會發展的產物。人們為紀念歷史事件、傳承文化、強化社會凝聚力等設立了不同的節日。不同的國家也有著不同的節日，慶祝本國的傳統節日能了解本民族的歷史，增加民族認同感，同時能弘揚本民族的優秀文化，培養人們的文化意識，增強社會責任感。
WHY DO WE CELEBRATE FESTIVALS
Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. People celebrate . In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime — the Egyptian harvest season.It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. Today, in some European countries, people decorate town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal. During the Mid Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.
Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time. With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established. One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. Nowadays, many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution. Another example is Halloween, which slowly
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised，others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.
Festivals are an important part of society. They reflect people's wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. They are occasions our work for a little while. They help us understand appreciate. And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all.
[閱讀理解]
1．What is true about the harvest festival around the world according to the 2nd paragraph？(　　)
A．The harvest festival is the most important one of all the traditional festivals.
B．In ancient times the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime.
C．In some European countries, people get together to celebrate over a meal.
D．Both the Chinese and European families enjoy delicious mooncakes on the Mid Autumn Festival.
2．What may make customs in festivals change over time？(　　)
A．The spread of new ideas.
B．Air pollution.
C．The development of modern technology.
D．The religious belief.
3．Which of the following will people not do at festivals？(　　)
A．Forget about their work for a little while.
B．Relax and enjoy life.
C．Show their faith towards life.
D．Find different cultures have little in common.
[素養積累]
1．由文積詞匯
origin n．　　　　 起源；起因；出身
unique adj. 獨特的；獨具的
charm n. 魅力；迷人的特征
gratitude n. 感激之情；感謝
agricultural adj. 農業的
gather v. 收割；收獲
feature vt. 以……為特色
significant adj. 有重大意義的；顯著的
establish vt. 建立；創立；設立
commercialise vt. 使商業化；利用……牟利
2．據文悟句式
句①　該句中不定式短語作目的狀語，其中that引導賓語從句。
句②　which引導非限制性定語從句，which指代先行詞Halloween。
句③　that引導定語從句，修飾先行詞occasions，that 在從句中作主語。
句④　where, who均引導賓語從句，而what to appreciate為“疑問詞＋不定式”結構，作賓語。
Section Ⅰ
課文閱讀理解
泛讀課文，完成以下學習任務 　
(一)①English literature　②a North Pole stamp
③a handwritten letter　④life and adventures
⑤climbed the North Pole　⑥complained about
⑦the true spirit of giving　⑧love for his children
(二)1.A
2．Letters from Father Christmas is a collection of Tolkien's letters to his four children at Christmas. The letters told wonderful stories about Father Christmas's life and adventures at the North Pole.
精讀課文，完成以下學習任務 　
(一)1.D　2.D　3.C　4.D　5.A
(二)1.I think the book Letters from Father Christmas is well worth reading.It is very interesting.I like the way Tolkien expressed love for his children, because it is special and full of love.
2．Although every festival has its different customs and unique charms, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
課文寫法借鑒
(一)①Hopefully　②As well as learning to swim
(二)①This is why they need an English trainer
②the people who are in trouble
美文閱讀潤心
1．C　2.A　3.D(共79張PPT)
UNIT 2　Let's celebrate!
外研英語必修第二冊
把握單元素養目標
主題意識 本單元的主題是中外節日。通過了解世界各地的節日，中國春節習俗的變化及春節的國際化，深化對中外節日的意義和內涵的認識，增強民族認同感，主動弘揚和傳播中華優秀文化。
語法項目 了解情態動詞表示推測的基本用法，學會在真實語境中正確運用情態動詞。
續表
語言輸入 聽 聽懂關于世界各地一些慶祝季節變換的節日的介紹，了解不同類型的節日文化；聽懂關于節日邀請的英語對話，了解相關的節日風俗和社交禮儀。
讀 能夠讀懂節日文化話題下的書評、專欄文章和報刊社論等類型的英文語篇，深化對節日的認識。
看 能看懂與節日文化相關的視頻、圖片、漫畫等中的英文表達，了解不同節日的內涵。
續表
語言輸出 寫 能恰當運用情態動詞和與節日文化相關的詞匯、句式，描述目標內容；會用英語寫表達觀點的書信。
說 能合理使用與節日文化有關的英語詞匯和句式，談論該話題的相關場景。
Section Ⅰ　“Understanding ideas”
的課文習讀環節
目 錄
課文閱讀理解
課文寫法借鑒
美文閱讀潤心
課時跟蹤檢測
課文閱讀理解
(一)理清文脈結構
泛讀課文，完成以下學習任務
English literature
a North Pole stamp
a handwritten letter
life and adventures
climbed the
North Pole
complained about
the true spirit of
giving
love for his children
(二)把握主旨大意
1．What's the main idea of the text
A．It introduces Tolkien's book Letters from Father Christmas.
B．It tells about Tolkien's life and adventures at the North Pole.
C．It is mainly about who wrote these letters.
D．It teaches us how to love our children.
√
2．What is Letters from Father Christmas about
Letters from Father Christmas is a collection of Tolkien's letters to his four children at Christmas. The letters told wonderful stories about Father Christmas's life and adventures at the North Pole.
(一)閱讀理解
1．Who may be most interested in the book Letters from Father Christmas
A．People who like reading novels.
B．People who like playing games.
C．People who like reading books about festivals.
D．People who consider Christmas a special time of year.
√
精讀課文，完成以下學習任務
2．Why did J．R.R.Tolkien write these letters to his children
A．To share with them some interesting stories.
B．To show them how to celebrate Christmas.
C．To give them a big surprise at Christmas.
D．To keep Father Christmas alive for them.
√
3．Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage
A．There's a North Pole stamp on each letter.
B．Tolkien took a long time to finish each letter.
C．The letters warned children to be good, or they wouldn't receive the presents.
D．Writing the letters is Tolkien's way of keeping Father Christmas alive for his four children.
√
4．What kind of father do you think J．R.R.Tolkien was
A．Humorous.　　　　 B．Strict.
C．Serious. D．Caring.
√
5．Why has Tolkien been regarded as the real Father Christmas
A．He calls on us to share the true spirit of giving at Christmas time.
B．He expressed love for his children in a special way.
C．His letters changed as his children got older.
D．His letters tell us to enjoy real Christmas.
√
[Tip]
切忌以細節代替推斷
第5題易誤選B選項，仔細審讀題干的問題并結合文章內容可以看出，B選項只是與題干有關的一個細節，而非問題的正確答案。推理判斷題屬于深層次理解類試題，考查的是在理解原文字面意義的基礎上，通過對語篇邏輯關系的分析和細節的暗示，進行推理、判斷的能力。有一些干擾項僅僅是對原文細節的簡單復述，而非推斷出來的結論，解題時應注意避開此類誤區。
(二)閱讀表達
1．What do you think of Letters from Father Christmas How do you like the way Tolkien expressed love for his children
I think the book Letters from Father Christmas is well worth reading.It is very interesting.I like the way Tolkien expressed love for his children, because it is special and full of love.
2．Tolkien emphasized the true spirit of giving in his book. Do you think all festivals share the same spirit And what are they in particular
Although every festival has its different customs and unique charms, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
|閱|讀|技|能|提|升|
本文是一則書評，評論并介紹了《圣誕老人的來信》這本書。書評的結構較為固定，一般采用“簡介—評述—結論”。簡介部分細節較多，讀時注意提取與作者及作品內容有關的具體信息，如本文中有關托爾金的介紹及《圣誕老人的來信》這本書的創作背景和情節內容，此類信息一般是細節理解題的設題點。其次，根據作者的評述來推斷其觀點態度。例如，根據文章中出現的the perfect book, one of the most famous names in English literature, beautifully illustrated, wonderful stories等，可以看出作者對這本書的稱贊。
課文寫法借鑒
(一)賞用詞之妙
1．A regular character in the letters was Polar Bear, who once climbed the North Pole (an actual pole in this case) and fell through the roof of Father Christmas's house.
賞析：本句中的兩個動作climbed和fell through栩栩如生地描繪了一幅北極熊闖禍的搞笑畫面，塑造了一只笨拙、調皮的北極熊的形象。
2．Interestingly, the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good.
賞析：本句中Interestingly作評注性狀語修飾整個句子，點明了這些信件的特別之處，同時傳達了作者的個人情感。評注性狀語常用逗號與句子隔開，用以對全句進行解釋說明，表示說話人對所說情況的看法或態度。常見的有：fortunately, luckily, thankfully, hopefully等。
3．Letters from Father Christmas tells us that as well as enjoying the adventures of Father Christmas, Polar Bear and other characters at the North Pole, we can all share the true spirit of giving at Christmas time.
賞析：本句中的as well as，相當于in addition to, 意為“除了……以外(還)”，在此表示遞進關系，進一步揭示了《圣誕老人的來信》這本書的價值所在，點明了文章的主旨。
① , we'll arrive before dark.
我們有望在天黑前到達。
② , he has been taking Spanish lessons this summer.
今年夏天，除了學習游泳以外，他還在上西班牙語課。
[提能訓練|完成句子]
Hopefully
As well as learning to swim
(二)賞句式之高
That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.
賞析：本句先是運用了That is why ...結構介紹了《圣誕老人的來信》這本書的受歡迎程度，接著又用who 引導的定語從句具體說明了其讀者范圍。兩個高級句式的運用不但提升了表達的層次性而且豐富了文章的細節信息。
①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists.__________________________
.
他們還需要準備好接受國際記者的采訪。這就是他們需要一個英語老師的原因。　　
[提能訓練|使用復合句完成句子]
This is why they need an
English trainer
②She is so kind that she is ready to help .
她很善良，隨時準備幫助那些有困難的人。
the people who are in trouble
(三)賞描摹之韻(語氣描寫)
The children must have been very excited as they opened it. Inside, they would find a handwritten letter from Father Christmas.The letters were also beautifully illustrated — each must have taken its true author, Tolkien, a long time to complete.
賞析：此處作者運用了情態動詞來描述自己設想中的種種場景：孩子收到禮物時的心情，他們的發現，托爾金在這些信上所傾注的時間和精力。would在此表示“往往會”，兩處must都用來表示一種較為肯定的推測，一方面表達了這些場景都是作者自己的主觀猜測，另一方面，也說明了作者對這些場景的真實性很有把握。
(四)賞修辭之功
The letters did, however, change as Tolkien's children got older：
...but if you find that not many of the things you asked for have come, and not perhaps quite as many as sometimes, remember that this Christmas all over the world there are a terrible number of poor and starving people.
賞析：此處在說明隨著孩子們年齡的增長，書信的內容也隨之變化時，作者直接引用了Tolkien書信中的原句來印證自己的看法，具有很強的說服效果。寫作中除了引用原文外，還可以引用詩句、格言、諺語等，來提高文章的說服力，令表達更富啟發性。
美文閱讀潤心
節日是傳統文化的重要組成部分，是人類社會發展的產物。人們為紀念歷史事件、傳承文化、強化社會凝聚力等設立了不同的節日。不同的國家也有著不同的節日，慶祝本國的傳統節日能了解本民族的歷史，增加民族認同感，同時能弘揚本民族的優秀文化，培養人們的文化意識，增強社會責任感。
WHY DO WE CELEBRATE FESTIVALS
Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
decorate town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised，others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.
[閱讀理解]
1．What is true about the harvest festival around the world according to the 2nd paragraph
A．The harvest festival is the most important one of all the traditional festivals.
B．In ancient times the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime.
C．In some European countries, people get together to celebrate over a meal.
D．Both the Chinese and European families enjoy delicious mooncakes on the Mid-Autumn Festival.
√
2．What may make customs in festivals change over time
A．The spread of new ideas.
B．Air pollution.
C．The development of modern technology.
D．The religious belief.
√
3．Which of the following will people not do at festivals
A．Forget about their work for a little while.
B．Relax and enjoy life.
C．Show their faith towards life.
D．Find different cultures have little in common.
√
[素養積累]
1．由文積詞匯
origin n．　　　　 起源；起因；出身
unique adj. 獨特的；獨具的
charm n. 魅力；迷人的特征
gratitude n. 感激之情；感謝
agricultural adj. 農業的
gather v. 收割；收獲
feature vt. 以……為特色
significant adj. 有重大意義的；顯著的
establish vt. 建立；創立；設立
commercialise vt. 使商業化；利用……牟利
2．據文悟句式
句①　該句中不定式短語作目的狀語，其中that引導賓語從句。
句②　which引導非限制性定語從句，which指代先行詞Halloween。
句③　that引導定語從句，修飾先行詞occasions，that 在從句中作主語。
句④　where，who均引導賓語從句，而what to appreciate為“疑問詞＋不定式”結構，作賓語。
課時跟蹤檢測
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
Held around August 10th, Nagqu Horse Racing Festival is the most important in north Xizang. In the golden season of grassland, tens of thousands of herdsmen (牧人) from different parts of Xizang, in their holiday best, come to Nagqu on their horses with different kinds of goods and materials. They pitch tents in the southern part of Nagqu
town. During the festival, thousands of tents with paintings will be set up in the area, stretching miles. It makes the grassland look like a small town.
On the day for the opening ceremony of the festival, people from all over Xizang will pour into this grassland. Colorful flags are flying against the blue sky; horses are racing; herdsmen are showing their riding skills; some are dancing.People around the “tent town” will be cooking and drinking. This is really a lively picture that you should not miss.
After the opening ceremony, the recreational and trade activities will start, such as horse races, carrying rocks, and performing Tibetan operas.All together, these activities will last 3 to 7 days.
The horse racing festival has a long history. It dates from the ancient military review (閱兵式) in the Tubo tribe (部落) in the area. It is also the traditional occasion for horse trade. The buying and selling of horses at these fairs attracts Tibetans from near and far. Nowadays,
the local government also attaches great importance to the occasion and considers it a good chance to help the economic development in the area. Business talks are held and modern activities like fashion shows can also be seen there. It has become a bright part in the tourism of Xizang.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了西藏那曲賽馬節的相關情況。
1．The underlined word “pitch” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “ ”．
A．put up　　　　　 B．take apart
C．turn out D．look over
√
解析：詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞下文“During the festival, thousands of tents ... will be set up in the area”可知，在節日期間，成千上萬的帳篷在那曲鎮的南部草原上搭建，綿延數英里。故畫線詞與set up同義，意為“搭建”。
2．Which of the following words can describe the opening ceremony of the festival
A．Surprising. B．Boring.
C．Touching. D．Wonderful.
√
解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段內容可知，賽馬節當天，來自西藏四面八方的人們涌入那曲鎮的草原。彩旗飄揚，賽馬比賽如火如荼地舉行，牧民展示他們騎馬的技術，一些人在跳舞。由此可推知，賽馬節的開幕式很精彩。
3．What do you know about Nagqu Horse Racing Festival
A．It is the most important festival in Xizang.
B．People hold different activities during the festival.
C．The horse racing festival is a new festival held in recent years.
D．The activities of the festival usually last more than a week.
√
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“After the opening ceremony ... performing Tibetan operas.”可知，賽馬節開幕式結束后，各種娛樂和商業活動開始進行。故人們在賽馬節期間舉行不同的活動。
4．What is the best title for this passage
A．The Grassland in North Xizang
B．Special Festival Activities in Xizang
C．Nagqu Horse Racing Festival
D．The Tent Town in North Xizang
解析：標題歸納題。根據文章內容可知，本文主要介紹了西藏那曲賽馬節的相關情況。故C項適合作文章標題。
√
B
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Start of Winter, the 19th solar term of the year, begins this year on November 7 and ends on November 21.
Start of Winter is the first solar term of winter, which means winter is coming and crops harvested in autumn should be stored up.
In ancient times, the Start of Winter was regarded as the beginning of winter, however, due to geographical factors, the actual winter time varies from place to place.
In fact, the Start of Winter is not the beginning of winter in terms of meteorology (氣象學). The weather every year is different, so the beginning of winter could be quite different. And as China is very large, it starts at different times in different areas.
The beginnings of the four seasons were important festivals in ancient times. Before the Start of Winter, the ancient emperor would take a shower and have no more meat. On that day, the emperor would lead his officials to the countryside and “welcome the winter”．
People eat dumplings on the beginning of winter. Legend has it that in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhongjing invented “Jiao Ear” to treat typhoid (傷寒) patients with ear frostbite (凍瘡).
He cooked mutton，hot peppers and herbs to drive out the cold and warm up the body.He put these materials into a dough skin and made them into an ear shape.Since then, people have learned to make the food which became known as “dumpling” or “jiaozi”. Today there is still a saying that goes “Eat dumplings on Start of Winter Day, or your ears will be frostbitten.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了二十四節氣中的立冬節氣，解釋了立冬節氣的含義、時間和立冬時節的風俗習慣。
5．Which of the following is RIGHT about Start of Winter
A．It is one of the solar terms.
B．People begin to harvest crops on this day.
C．Winter begins on November 7 this year.
D．It begins in different months in different places.
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段第二句可知，立冬是二十四節氣中的一個。
√
6．What does “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．The Start of Winter.
B．The change of weather.
C．The important festival.
D．The beginning of winter.
√
解析：代詞指代題。根據畫線詞上一句可知，每年的天氣是不一樣的，所以冬天的開始也可能是不一樣的。本句的it代指上一句中的the beginning of winter。
7．What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about
A．Importance of Start of Winter.
B．Customs of Start of Winter.
C．Origin of Start of Winter.
D．Food eaten on Start of Winter.
解析：段落大意題。根據最后兩段內容可知，這兩段講了在古代的時候，立冬時節的一些習俗。
√
√
8．Why do people eat dumplings on Start of Winter Day
A．Because dumplings can drive away typhoid.
B．Because they wish for good luck for themselves.
C．Because eating dumplings can warm up their ears.
D．Because they want to prevent the coming of winter.
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段最后一句可推知，人們吃餃子不再只是為了驅寒，而是帶著一種對自己的美好祝愿。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
Each lunar year is named after one of 12 animals. 9 One day, the Emperor decided to have a race for all the animals in the country.Unfortunately, only 12 animals actually managed to get to the race.The Emperor rewarded them by naming the 12 years of the lunar calendar after them.The first to finish was the rat, so the first year is named after him.The other eleven, in order, were the ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, goat, monkey, rooster, dog and pig.
10 Wherever one is, he or she will go back home on this day.The younger generations greet their parents and grandparents with good wishes for the year ahead and show their respect for the older generation. 11 They are traditionally put in small red packets, as red is a lucky color.Nowadays, many people send money electronically too.It is lucky to send money in certain amounts, for example using the number eight, which in Chinese sounds like the word “prosper”．
12 For example, many people eat fish dishes because the Chinese word for “fish” sounds similar to “surplus (剩余)”， meaning you will have plenty.
There are many other Lunar New Year traditions.For example, many people used to set off firecrackers, which burn and make a loud bang.They watch street performances, where acrobatic dancers dress up as a lion or a dragon.They dance, accompanied by music and drums.People celebrate Lunar New Year in many different ways. 13
A．A traditional story explains how this came to be.
B．Different places celebrate in slightly different ways.
C．Lunar New Year is very much a family celebration.
D．No one knows why each year is named after an animal.
E．Older members of the family give younger ones cash presents.
F．Traditional foods at Lunar New Year often have another meaning.
G．But all the celebrations are about wishing everyone the best for the year ahead.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了生肖的來歷以及農歷新年的飲食和活動等。
9．選A　下文提到的是一個有關生肖來歷的民間故事，A選項中的“A traditional story”與此相呼應。
10．選C　根據下文“人們無論身在何處，都會在這一天趕回家”可知，C項“農歷新年更是一個家庭慶祝活動”銜接下文，符合語境。
11．選E　根據語境及常識可知，空后一句中的主語They應該指老年人給小孩的壓歲錢，與E選項中的“cash presents”相呼應。
12．選F　由下句“For example ...you will have plenty”可知，下文是對空處的舉例說明，說明了春節吃魚的寓意。故F項“傳統食物在農歷新年常常有另一層含義”符合本段語境。
13．選G　空處位于段尾，對本段進行總結。上文提到人們慶祝農歷新年的方式不同，G選項“但所有的慶祝都是祝愿人人來年一切順利”與上文構成轉折關系，符合語境。UNIT 2　課時檢測(一)　“Understanding ideas”的課文習讀環節
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
Held around August 10th, Nagqu Horse Racing Festival is the most important in north Xizang. In the golden season of grassland, tens of thousands of herdsmen (牧人) from different parts of Xizang, in their holiday best, come to Nagqu on their horses with different kinds of goods and materials. They pitch tents in the southern part of Nagqu town. During the festival, thousands of tents with paintings will be set up in the area, stretching miles. It makes the grassland look like a small town.
On the day for the opening ceremony of the festival, people from all over Xizang will pour into this grassland. Colorful flags are flying against the blue sky; horses are racing; herdsmen are showing their riding skills; some are dancing.People around the “tent town” will be cooking and drinking. This is really a lively picture that you should not miss.
After the opening ceremony, the recreational and trade activities will start, such as horse races, carrying rocks, and performing Tibetan operas.All together, these activities will last 3 to 7 days.
The horse racing festival has a long history. It dates from the ancient military review (閱兵式) in the Tubo tribe (部落) in the area. It is also the traditional occasion for horse trade. The buying and selling of horses at these fairs attracts Tibetans from near and far. Nowadays, the local government also attaches great importance to the occasion and considers it a good chance to help the economic development in the area. Business talks are held and modern activities like fashion shows can also be seen there. It has become a bright part in the tourism of Xizang.
1．The underlined word “pitch” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “________”．
A．put up　　　　　 B．take apart
C．turn out D．look over
2．Which of the following words can describe the opening ceremony of the festival
A．Surprising. B．Boring.
C．Touching. D．Wonderful.
3．What do you know about Nagqu Horse Racing Festival
A．It is the most important festival in Xizang.
B．People hold different activities during the festival.
C．The horse racing festival is a new festival held in recent years.
D．The activities of the festival usually last more than a week.
4．What is the best title for this passage
A．The Grassland in North Xizang
B．Special Festival Activities in Xizang
C．Nagqu Horse Racing Festival
D．The Tent Town in North Xizang
B
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Start of Winter, the 19th solar term of the year, begins this year on November 7 and ends on November 21.
Start of Winter is the first solar term of winter, which means winter is coming and crops harvested in autumn should be stored up.
In ancient times, the Start of Winter was regarded as the beginning of winter, however, due to geographical factors, the actual winter time varies from place to place.
In fact, the Start of Winter is not the beginning of winter in terms of meteorology (氣象學). The weather every year is different, so the beginning of winter could be quite different. And as China is very large, it starts at different times in different areas.
The beginnings of the four seasons were important festivals in ancient times. Before the Start of Winter, the ancient emperor would take a shower and have no more meat. On that day, the emperor would lead his officials to the countryside and “welcome the winter”．
People eat dumplings on the beginning of winter. Legend has it that in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhongjing invented “Jiao Ear” to treat typhoid (傷寒) patients with ear frostbite (凍瘡). He cooked mutton，hot peppers and herbs to drive out the cold and warm up the body.He put these materials into a dough skin and made them into an ear shape.Since then, people have learned to make the food which became known as “dumpling” or “jiaozi”. Today there is still a saying that goes “Eat dumplings on Start of Winter Day, or your ears will be frostbitten.”
5．Which of the following is RIGHT about Start of Winter
A．It is one of the solar terms.
B．People begin to harvest crops on this day.
C．Winter begins on November 7 this year.
D．It begins in different months in different places.
6．What does “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．The Start of Winter.
B．The change of weather.
C．The important festival.
D．The beginning of winter.
7．What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about
A．Importance of Start of Winter.
B．Customs of Start of Winter.
C．Origin of Start of Winter.
D．Food eaten on Start of Winter.
8．Why do people eat dumplings on Start of Winter Day
A．Because dumplings can drive away typhoid.
B．Because they wish for good luck for themselves.
C．Because eating dumplings can warm up their ears.
D．Because they want to prevent the coming of winter.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
Each lunar year is named after one of 12 animals.__9__ One day, the Emperor decided to have a race for all the animals in the country.Unfortunately, only 12 animals actually managed to get to the race.The Emperor rewarded them by naming the 12 years of the lunar calendar after them.The first to finish was the rat, so the first year is named after him.The other eleven, in order, were the ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, goat, monkey, rooster, dog and pig.
__10__ Wherever one is, he or she will go back home on this day.The younger generations greet their parents and grandparents with good wishes for the year ahead and show their respect for the older generation.__11__ They are traditionally put in small red packets, as red is a lucky color.Nowadays, many people send money electronically too.It is lucky to send money in certain amounts, for example using the number eight, which in Chinese sounds like the word “prosper”．
__12__ For example, many people eat fish dishes because the Chinese word for “fish” sounds similar to “surplus (剩余)”， meaning you will have plenty.
There are many other Lunar New Year traditions.For example, many people used to set off firecrackers, which burn and make a loud bang.They watch street performances, where acrobatic dancers dress up as a lion or a dragon.They dance, accompanied by music and drums.People celebrate Lunar New Year in many different ways.__13__
A．A traditional story explains how this came to be.
B．Different places celebrate in slightly different ways.
C．Lunar New Year is very much a family celebration.
D．No one knows why each year is named after an animal.
E．Older members of the family give younger ones cash presents.
F．Traditional foods at Lunar New Year often have another meaning.
G．But all the celebrations are about wishing everyone the best for the year ahead.
UNIT 2　課時檢測(一)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
1.選A　詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞下文“During the festival, thousands of tents ... will be set up in the area”可知,在節日期間,成千上萬的帳篷在那曲鎮的南部草原上搭建,綿延數英里。故畫線詞與set up同義,意為“搭建”。
2.選D　推理判斷題。根據第二段內容可知,賽馬節當天,來自西藏四面八方的人們涌入那曲鎮的草原。彩旗飄揚,賽馬比賽如火如荼地舉行,牧民展示他們騎馬的技術,一些人在跳舞。由此可推知,賽馬節的開幕式很精彩。
3.選B　細節理解題。根據第三段中的“After the opening ceremony ... performing Tibetan operas.”可知,賽馬節開幕式結束后,各種娛樂和商業活動開始進行。故人們在賽馬節期間舉行不同的活動。
4.選C　標題歸納題。根據文章內容可知,本文主要介紹了西藏那曲賽馬節的相關情況。故C項適合作文章標題。
5.選A　細節理解題。根據第一段第二句可知,立冬是二十四節氣中的一個。
6.選D　代詞指代題。根據畫線詞上一句可知,每年的天氣是不一樣的,所以冬天的開始也可能是不一樣的。本句的it代指上一句中的the beginning of winter。
7.選B　段落大意題。根據最后兩段內容可知,這兩段講了在古代的時候,立冬時節的一些習俗。
8.選B　推理判斷題。根據最后一段最后一句可推知,人們吃餃子不再只是為了驅寒,而是帶著一種對自己的美好祝愿。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了生肖的來歷以及農歷新年的飲食和活動等。
9.選A　下文提到的是一個有關生肖來歷的民間故事,A選項中的“A traditional story”與此相呼應。
10.選C　根據下文“人們無論身在何處,都會在這一天趕回家”可知,C項“農歷新年更是一個家庭慶祝活動”銜接下文,符合語境。
11.選E　根據語境及常識可知,空后一句中的主語They應該指老年人給小孩的壓歲錢,與E選項中的“cash presents”相呼應。
12.選F　由下句“For example ...you will have plenty”可知,下文是對空處的舉例說明,說明了春節吃魚的寓意。故F項“傳統食物在農歷新年常常有另一層含義”符合本段語境。
13.選G　空處位于段尾,對本段進行總結。上文提到人們慶祝農歷新年的方式不同,G選項“但所有的慶祝都是祝愿人人來年一切順利”與上文構成轉折關系,符合語境。

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