資源簡介

單元達標檢測
UNIT 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
全卷滿分150分　考試用時120分鐘
第一部分　聽力(共兩節,滿分30分)
第一節(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1.What will the weather be like tomorrow
A.Rainy.　　　B.Sunny.　　　C.Windy.
2.How does the woman probably feel
A.Patient.　　　B.Sorry.　　　C.Annoyed.
3.What is the man buying
A.A chair.　　　B.A ladder.　　　C.A bookcase.
4.What are the speakers mainly talking about
A.Where to apply for jobs.
B.How to deal with stress.
C.When to go shopping.
5.Why was the woman's credit card canceled
A.She had a poor income.　　　　B.She got into heavy debt.
C.She made late payments.
第二節(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。
6.What is the woman
A.A customer.　　　B.A salesperson.　　　C.A store manager.
7.What does the man suggest the woman do
A.Make a complaint.　　　B.Let go of her anger.
C.Call the police.
　　聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。
8.What does the woman ask the man to do
A.Fix a time.　　　　　　　　　　B.Drop her off on the way.
C.Take her dress to the cleaner's.
9.What day is it today
A.Friday.　　　B.Saturday.　　　C.Sunday.
10.What will the speakers do on Sunday
A.Buy tickets.
B.Watch the football game.
C.Attend the wedding ceremony.
　　聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。
11.Why does the woman choose to stay in the UK
A.It provides opportunities.
B.Her parents want her to stay.
C.She doesn't like her home country.
12.What will the woman do next
A.Go to a research center.
B.Study in the office.
C.Ask for advice.
13.What are the speakers talking about
A.Their parents.　　　B.A career plan.　　　C.Working experience.
　　聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。
14.What is this competition about
A.Saving energy at home.
B.Reducing noise pollution.
C.Using technology creatively.
15.What is the stone used for
A.Starting the machine.
B.Increasing air pressure.
C.Producing carbon dioxide.
16.What is the liquid coming from carbon dioxide in the dishwasher designed to do
A.Clean the dishes.　　　B.Start the machine.
C.Give pressure to the stone.
17.Why does the woman come to the man
A.To discuss the way of writing a paper.
B.To find the right material for a model.
C.To study the approach to detailed drawings.
　　聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。
18.When did Manfred Steiner gain his medical degree
A.In 1951.　　　B.In 1955.　　　C.In 2000.
19.What did Steiner's professor think of him
A.Determined.　　　B.Generous.　　　C.Stubborn.
20.What is Steiner's plan for his future
A.To publish his story.
B.To offer advice on success.
C.To help the professors in Brown.
第二部分　閱讀(共兩節,滿分50分)
第一節(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
A
Smart Kids Festival Events
　　“Smart Kids” is a collection of one hundred events scheduled in October. This year, it is experimenting with Pay What You Decide (PWYD). That is, you can decide to pay for what you want or can afford, after you have attended an event.You can pre-book events without paying for a ticket in advance. Here are some of the director's picks.
Walk on the Wild Side
Not ticketed, Free
Join storyteller Sarah Law to hear science stories about animals.Along the way you'll meet all sorts of beautiful creatures and discover life cycles and food chains.It's best suited to children aged 5-9.Children under 8 must be accompanied by an adult.
Introduction to Waves
Pre-book, PWYD
Subjects range from sound waves to gravity waves, and from waves of light to crashing waves on the ocean. Mike Goldsmith explores the fundamental features shared by all waves in the natural world.
Science in the Field
Not ticketed, Free
This storytelling night features a scientist sharing his favourite memories of gathering first-hand data on various field e along for inspiring and informative stories straight from the scientist's mouth. Join Mark Samuels to find out more in this fun-filled workshop.
Festival Dinner
Pre-book,￡25 per person
Whether you want to explore more about food, or just fancy a talk over a meal, join us to mark the first science festival in London. Which food should you eat to trick your brain into thinking that you are full Find out more from Tom Crawford.
21.In which event can you decide the payment
A.Festival Dinner.　　　B.Walk on the Wild Side.
C.Science in the Field.　　　D.Introduction to Waves.
22.Who will talk about experiences of collecting direct data
A.Sarah Law.　　　B.Mike Goldsmith.
C.Mark Samuels.　　　D.Tom Crawford.
23.What do the four events have in common
A.They are all family-based.
B.They are all science-themed.
C.They are all picked by children.
D.They are all filled with adventures.
B
　　Ada Lovelace was born on December 10th 1815. Ada's mother and father (the famous poet Lord George Gordon Byron) parted just weeks after she was born. Her mother feared her to grow up with her father's changeable nature. To stop this from happening, Ada was forced by her mother to learn science and mathematics, which was unusual for women at the time. She was also punished if her work was not up to standard. However, she was greatly interested in mathematics and science and would perhaps have learned about them on her own.
Ada was partially disabled and as a result spent much time studying. Ada knew of her mother's thought about keeping the creative side of her from germinating(萌芽). However, as Ada herself is known to have said, “If you can't give me poetry, can't you give me poetical science ” Ada got married at 19, to William King who was made the Earl of Lovelace in 1838, at which point she became Lady Ada King, the Countess of Lovelace, but was known as Ada Lovelace. Ada and King had a relatively happy marriage, with King even encouraging his wife's love of numbers.
During her youth, Ada was introduced to the Scot, Mary Somerville, who was known as the “Queen of 19th Century Science” and was the first woman to be accepted into the Royal Astronomical Society. It was through Mary Somerville that Ada first heard of Charles Babbage's idea for a new calculating(計算) engine. Attracted by this idea, Ada began a period of letter-writing with him that would come to decide her professional life.
Ada met Babbage when she was around 17 and the two became close friends. Babbage was working on an “Analytical Engine”, something he was designing to deal with complex calculations. Ada was later asked to translate an article. She not only translated the article but added pages and pages of notes, calculations and innovations(新事物). Her notes were published in 1843 and it turned out that what she had written was so original. It is now seen as the first comprehensive comment on what would become modern-day computer programming. Although impressive, Ada was not actually given credit for the article until 1848.
24.What happened to Ada in her childhood
A.She was pushed to learn scientific knowledge.
B.She had to compare herself with other women.
C.She gave up learning because of her father.
D.She was greatly cared for by her father.
25.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Ada thought poetry was boring.
B.Ada believed poetry was harder than science.
C.Ada thought science was creative.
D.Ada was interested in both science and poetry.
26.What decided Ada's professional life
A.The support of the Royal Astronomical Society.
B.Her communication with Babbage.
C.Her husband's encouragement.
D.Somerville's suggestions.
27.What did Ada do after she met Babbage
A.She taught people how to program.
B.She invented an “Analytical Engine”.
C.She praised Babbage's achievements.
D.She translated an article and developed it.
C
　　Booking your next vacation to space could soon be a reality. Orbital Assembly Corporation announced two new station concepts designed with space tourism accommodations. One of the stations, called Pioneer, could orbit Earth as early as 2025.
The Gateway Foundation circulated ideas for a space hotel in 2019. The goal of the stations is to run a space business park that can serve as a home away from home with room for offices and tourists. Orbital Assembly was founded by the Gateway Foundation team as a way to help make these dreams come true.
The proposed Pioneer Station can accommodate 28 people. The second station, Voyager, scheduled to open in 2027, can hold up to 400 people. “The goal has always been to make it possible for large numbers of people to live, work and thrive in space,” says Orbital Assembly's COO Tim Alatorre.
Both stations look like a wheel and will feature artificial gravity that allows guests to move comfortably on each station. Pioneer features five modules built around the rotating “Gravity Ring” architecture design. Tourists may still feel some weightlessness but will also be able to drink out of a cup and won't have to be tied to a bed to sleep. “The gravity works like how a spinning bucket pushes the water out to the sides of the bucket and stays in place,” Alatorre explains. Near the middle of the station, there will be no artificial gravity, but gravity gradually increases further away from the center.
While the Pioneer Station will be smaller than Voyager, guests can still shower, eat and drink sitting down in areas with gravity. Each station is furnished like luxury hotels on Earth. Voyager will feature a restaurant and suites with views of Earth.
A significant barrier to space travel is the cost. However, Orbital Assembly expects tourists to seek a trek into space as space travel eventually becomes less expensive. “We envision our Pioneer and Voyager space stations as the ultimate ecotourism destinations. Once people get to space, it will change their perspective on Earth,” Alatorre says. “Space travel is still at its early stage, and we're excited to do our part to push it forward to help improve life on Earth.”
28.What is the goal of the Pioneer and Voyager space stations
A.To revolutionize space travel.
B.To serve as luxury hotels in space.
C.To offer a unique and immersive experience.
D.To enable the large scale of living and working in space.
29.What do the Pioneer and Voyager space stations have in common
A.Artificial gravity.　　　B.Suites with views.
C.Opening time.　　　D.Passenger capacity.
30.What can we learn from paragraph 4
A.The “Gravity Ring” rotates around the station.
B.The gravity is weak in the central point of the station.
C.The gravity operates like a spinning bucket keeping water inside.
D.The “Gravity Ring” on Pioneer is the same as that on Voyager.
31.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.No Gravity Travel: Pioneer and Voyager Stations
B.Space Hotels for Humans: Pioneer and Voyager Stations
C.Overcoming the Barrier: Pioneer and Voyager Stations
D.Luxury Travel Destinations: Pioneer and Voyager Stations
D
　　Outer space is getting spicier(更辛辣的), thanks to a new NASA plan to add a little more flavor to astronauts' diets.
Astronauts aboard the International Space Station (ISS) are growing red and green chili peppers(辣椒)for the very first time. A team of researchers at the Kennedy Space Center planted 48 seeds in a device called a science carrier, which has clay for roots to grow in and a specially formulated controlled-release fertilizer. The device is fitted into the Advanced Plant Habitat(APH), one of three plant growth rooms aboard.
“The APH is the largest plant growth facility on the space station and has 180 sensors and controls for monitoring plant growth and the environment,” said project manager Nicole Dufour. “It is a diverse growth room, and it allows us to help control the experiment from Kennedy, reducing the time astronauts spend tending to the crops.”
The peppers will spend about four months growing before they can be harvested and eaten, marking the first time astronauts have planted peppers on the station from seeds to maturity.
“It is one of the most complex plant experiments on the station to date because of the long germination and growing time,” said Matt Romeyn. “We have previously tested flowering to increase the chance of a successful harvest because astronauts will have to pollinate(給……授粉) the peppers to bear fruit.” Researchers will monitor the growth of the peppers and compare them with a control group on Earth.
“The challenge is the ability to feed crews in low-Earth orbit, and then to sustain explorers during future missions beyond low-Earth orbit to destinations including the Moon and eventually to Mars,” Romeyn said. “We are limited to crops that don't need storage, or extensive processing.”
“This is important because the food astronauts eat needs to be as good as the rest of the equipment. To successfully send people to Mars and bring them back to Earth, we will not only require the most nutritious foods, but the best-tasting ones as well,” said team leader LaShelle Spencer.
32.How does the first sentence sound
A.Magical.　　　B.Humorous.
C.Romantic.　　　D.Scientific.
33.Which of the following statements about the crops in the APH is true according to Nicole
A.They are monitored by phones.
B.They don't need fertilizer to grow well.
C.They mainly grow in a water tank.
D.They can be looked after by people on Earth.
34.How will astronauts help grow peppers
A.By getting the peppers pollinated.
B.By recording the peppers' growth.
C.By watering the peppers on time.
D.By keeping the growing room warm.
35.Why do astronauts try growing crops on the ISS
A.To solve the food problem on Earth.
B.To prepare plants' growth in other planets.
C.To enrich astronauts' diets on further destinations.
D.To cultivate crops with no extensive processing.
第二節(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)
閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
How to become a scientist
　　Be curious. Scientists choose to become scientists because they are curious about the world around them and how the things in it work. This curiosity leads them to investigate the things behind what they see.
　36　 Becoming a scientist takes a long time. There are very few careers that take longer than this one. Even when you're done with your education, you still have to get research under your belt. If you're an instant-gratification(即時滿足的) type of person, this may not be the right career for you.
Be diligent and persevere. It's been said that jobs in science are the lowest paid in the US. What this is getting at is that because of the long path to success, for a while you won't be living lavishly(奢侈地). 　37　
Have the need to always keep learning. 　38　 Whether it's reading peer-reviewed journals, attending seminars, or working toward getting your work published, you'll always be learning. 　39　 In those years of waiting for results, you need to constantly be looking for the smallest changes in what you expect to see. Your eyes need to be focused and ready at all times.
Think differently. Think back to Newton's apple falling on his head or Archimedes' jumping into his tub and displacing water. Most people would think nothing of these events, but these men saw something else, something no one else was seeing at the time. 　40　
A.Observation skills are also necessary.
B.Be patient with climbing the career ladder.
C.Things are going to be tough for a while.
D.Then you're probably made of the right stuff.
E.As the saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
F.Actually what every scientist does is seek out knowledge.
G.To make progress in human knowledge, you have to think differently.
36.　　　 37.　　　 38.　　　 39.　　　 40.　　　
第三部分　語言運用(共兩節,滿分30分)
第一節(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
Careers in science are generally believed to be too complex for students who aren't talented or clever enough, but Scott Kelly, commander of the International Space Station, would prove it's wrong.
As a kid, he was absent-minded and　41　 in science and all other subjects as well. He couldn't 　42　 what the teachers said in class. Therefore, he earned terrible grades and 　43　 graduated from high school, and he even thought he would never 　44　 his dreams.
That all　45　 when he picked up the film The Right Stuff, Tom Wolfe's classic account of the pioneering Americans who first explored space. 　46　, he was determined to be an astronaut, which meant doing well in 　47　 class. So from that day on, he 　48　 his mind to do well in it.
After so many years of daydreaming, it wouldn't be　49　. But he started regarding study as a game. The more he 　50　 his study skills, the better grades he got. Eventually, it became a(n) 　51　 with himself to see how good he could get. Then the former 　52　 started getting straight A's in science, which is 　53　 for those who want to be an astronaut.
So we need to stop　54　 the idea that science is just too hard. Everyone can learn this stuff—he just needs to be 　55　 to do the work.
41.A.uninterested　　　B.absorbed
C.engaged　　　D.experienced
42.A.hold on　　　B.bank on　　　C.look into　　　D.focus on
43.A.easily　　　B.nearly
C.barely　　　D.successfully
44.A.abandon　　　B.acknowledge
C.end　　　D.achieve
45.A.finished　　　B.suspended　　　C.occurred　　　D.changed
46.A.Inspired　　　B.Depressed　　　C.Satisfied　　　D.Shocked
47.A.science　　　B.architecture　　　C.geography　　　D.chemistry
48.A.put up　　　B.made up
C.passed up　　　D.weighed up
49.A.alternative　　　B.difficult
C.easy　　　D.decent
50.A.rejected　　　B.practiced　　　C.arranged　　　D.exchanged
51.A.principle　　　B.agreement　　　C.competition　　　D.guidance
52.A.astronaut　　　B.daydreamer　　　C.scientist　　　D.pioneer
53.A.essential　　　B.superior　　　C.convenient　　　D.worthy
54.A.correcting　　　B.abandoning
C.emphasising　　　D.dismissing
55.A.ashamed　　　B.available　　　C.afraid　　　D.willing
第二節(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
　　According to a report by South China Morning Post, China is planning to launch a hyperloop(超級高鐵), also known 　56　 a super-high speed pipeline maglev system by 2035. If the project goes as 　57　(plan), the new train will be the world's fastest ground-based transport.
In the past few days, the Chinese government officers 　58　(announce) the approval of the country's first hyperloop line. Its 　59　(long) will be 150 kilometers, and it will pass between Shanghai and Hangzhou. The distance between the two cities can be covered in about three hours by car or an hour by high-speed train. But the hyperloop can reach the speed of 1000 km/h, 　60　 means the route can be completed in just 15 minutes.
The project will make China one of the pioneers in hyperloop technology, 　61　(allow) faster travel between several major cities. The hyperloop provides 　62　 high-security level with low energy consumption. The technology will 　63　(far) advance China's position as a leader in transport.
A super-fast hyperloop train in China has completed 　64　(it) first test runs. These consisted of three test runs at a superconducting maglev test line in Datong, Shanxi Province. However, the current tube available for trials measures only 2 km long. It 　65　(expect) to be extended to 60 km in the near future.
56.　　　　 57.　　　　 58.　　　　 59.　　　　 60.　　　　
61.　　　　 62.　　　　 63.　　　　 64.　　　　 65.　　　　
第四部分　寫作(共兩節,滿分40分)
第一節(滿分15分)
假定你是李華,你的英國筆友Peter聽說,在中國,現在人工智能已經進入人們的日常生活,其中包括旅游業。他來信詢問你國慶假期是否有這方面的體驗,請用英文給他回信,內容包括:
1.購買門票可直接手機支付;
2.面部識別入景區;
3.邀請他來體驗。
注意:寫作詞數應為80個左右。
參考詞匯:面部識別facial recognition
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第二節(滿分25分)
閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。
　　“Cut, cut, cut!” I shouted. But that didn't stop Chewy from chasing after the squirrels(追逐松鼠) that had caught his eye halfway through the shot.
“You're supposed to be running after the thief, not squirrels!” I said.
But Chewy didn't care. He had already moved on to chewing his leash(皮帶). What kind of Hollywood dog wears a leash It was Dad's rule, though. Because Chewy was only a little dog, I had to keep him on the leash whenever we filmed outside. As long as I followed that rule, I could use Dad's old cellphone to shoot my movie.
“Let's try this again,” I said.
This time, Chewy ran the entire length of the backyard. With the leash on, though, he didn't exactly appear to be in any real hurry to catch anyone. The only way to make this look real would be to take off the leash. But that would mean breaking the promise I made to Dad.
On the other hand, if I moved quickly and was careful with my camera angles, would Dad ever know about it
After taking off the leash, I put Chewy down, ready to record. But before I could shout “Action!”, Chewy ran across the yard and down the driveway and jumped in circles around Mrs. Yang, our next-door neighbor.
“You must smell the dog biscuits I just bought for you,” she said to him. That's when Chewy noticed her bag. As if it were one of his toys, he grabbed it with his mouth and pulled. Mrs. Yang's things dropped on the sidewalk.
I wanted to apologize and help Mrs. Yang pick up her things. But then I remembered something. If Dad found out that I had taken Chewy's leash off, I wouldn't be able to use his cellphone any more. In a panic, I took Chewy and ran inside the house.
When Dad arrived home that evening, I handed him his cellphone. “Did you finish shooting your movie already ” he asked.
注意:續寫詞數應為150個左右。
　　I shook my head and told him everything that had happened.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　“Apology accepted,” said Mrs. Yang.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
答案全解全析
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.C
9.A 10.C 11.A 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.A 16.A
17.B 18.B 19.A 20.C 21.D 22.C 23.B 24.A
25.C 26.B 27.D 28.D 29.A 30.C 31.B 32.B
33.D 34.A 35.C 36.B 37.C 38.F 39.A 40.G
41.A 42.D 43.C 44.D 45.D 46.A 47.A 48.B
49.C 50.B 51.C 52.B 53.A 54.C 55.D
56.as　57.planned　58.have announced　59.length　60.which 61.allowing　62.a　63.further　64.its　65.is expected
第二部分　閱讀
第一節
A
　　◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四項以科學為主題的活動以及各項活動的內容和特色。
21.D　細節理解題。 根據第一段中的“it is experimenting with...(PWYD)...can afford”可知,PWYD指你可以決定為你想要的或能買得起的東西付錢,而四項活動的介紹中只有Introduction to Waves有PWYD。故選D。
22.C　細節理解題。根據Science in the Field部分中的“a scientist...gathering first-hand data on...”和“Join Mark Samuels to find out...”可知,Mark Samuels會談論收集一手數據的經歷。故選C。
23.B　推理判斷題。根據Walk on the Wild Side部分中的“hear science stories”、Introduction to Waves部分中的“Subjects range from...to crashing waves on the ocean.”、Science in the Field部分中的“a scientist sharing...first-hand data”和Festival Dinner部分中的“mark the first science festival”可知,四項活動的共同點是它們都以科學為主題。故選B。
B
　　◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文,主要敘述了Ada Lovelace的事跡,展現了她對數學和科學知識的熱愛。
24.A　細節理解題。根據第一段中的“...Ada was forced by her mother to learn science and mathematics, which was unusual for women at the time. She was also punished if her work was not up to standard.”可知,Ada小時候,她的母親強迫她學習科學知識。故選A。
25.C　句意猜測題。根據第一段的內容和第二段中的“keeping the creative side of her from germinating”可知,母親不愿Ada繼承父親多變的特質,所以強迫她學習科學知識,讓她的創造力無法萌發,但Ada對數學和科學很感興趣。畫線句將poetry和science進行比較,說明她認為科學如詩歌般具有創造性。故選C。
26.B　細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Attracted by this idea, Ada began a period of letter-writing with him that would come to decide her professional life.”可知,Ada與Charles Babbage針對科學知識展開的交流決定了她以后的職業生涯。故選B。
27.D　細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“She not only translated the article but added pages and pages of notes, calculations and innovations.”可知,她翻譯了一篇文章并添加了很多注釋。故選D。
C
　　◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了先鋒站和旅行者站兩個空間站的建設和運行情況,未來人們有望去太空度假。
28.D　細節理解題。根據第二段中的“The goal of the stations is to run a space business park that can serve as a home away from home with room for offices and tourists.”和第三段中的“The goal has always been to make it possible for large numbers of people to live, work and thrive in space”可知,這兩個空間站的目標是使在太空中的大規模生活和工作成為可能。故選D。
29.A　細節理解題。根據第四段中的“Both stations look like a wheel and will feature artificial gravity that allows guests to move comfortably on each station.”可知,這兩個空間站的共同之處在于都采用了人工重力。故選A。
30.C　細節理解題。根據第四段中的“The gravity works like how a spinning bucket pushes the water out to the sides of the bucket and stays in place”可知,重力的動作方式類似于旋轉桶,桶旋轉時將其中的水推向桶的四周并保持在原地。故選C。
31.B　主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其是根據第一段中的“One of the stations, called Pioneer, could orbit Earth as early as 2025.”和第三段中的“The second station, Voyager, scheduled to open in 2027, can hold up to 400 people.”可知,文章主要介紹了兩個可以為太空游客提供食宿的空間站——先鋒站和旅行者站的建設和運行情況。因此,B項“Space Hotels for Humans: Pioneer and Voyager Stations”符合文章主旨。故選B。
D
　　◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文,介紹了國際空間站上的宇航員首次種植了辣椒。
32.B　推理判斷題。根據文章內容可知,美國國家航空航天局計劃為宇航員的飲食增加更多的味道,宇航員因此在國際空間站上種植了辣椒,而文章首句的“外太空正變得更加辛辣”是對此事的一個幽默詼諧的說法。故選B。
33.D　細節理解題。根據第三段中的“it allows us to help control the experiment from Kennedy”可知,在APH中生長的作物可以由地球上的人照看。故選D。
34.A　細節理解題。根據倒數第三段中的“astronauts will have to pollinate the peppers to bear fruit”可知,宇航員通過給辣椒授粉來幫助種植辣椒。故選A。
35.C　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“To successfully send people to Mars and bring them back to Earth, we will not only require the most nutritious foods, but the best-tasting ones as well”可推測,宇航員在國際空間站上試驗種植作物是為了在更遠的目的地享用有營養且味道最好的食物。故選C。
第二節
　　◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要從幾個方面介紹了如何成為一名科學家,包括有好奇心、有耐心、勤奮且持之以恒、不斷學習和從不同角度思考。
36.B　根據后句“Becoming a scientist takes a long time.”可知,成為科學家需要很長時間,所以B項“Be patient with climbing the career ladder.”符合語境。故選B。
37.C　根據前句“What this is getting at is that because of the long path to success, for a while you won't be living lavishly.”可知,通往成功的道路可能會很艱難,所以C項“Things are going to be tough for a while.”符合語境。故選C。
38.F　根據前句“Have the need to always keep learning.”和后句“Whether it's reading peer-reviewed journals, attending seminars, or working toward getting your work published, you'll always be learning.”可知,科學家不斷地在學習,也就是在尋求知識,所以F項“Actually what every scientist does is seek out knowledge.”符合上下文語境。故選F。
39.A　根據后文“Your eyes need to be focused and ready at all times.”可知,成為科學家需要有觀察能力,所以A項“Observation skills are also necessary.”符合語境。故選A。
40.G　根據本段主旨句“Think differently.”可知,本段主要是介紹成為科學家的條件之一就是從不同角度思考問題,所以G項“To make progress in human knowledge, you have to think differently.”符合語境。故選G。
第三部分　語言運用
第一節
　　◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文,講述了Scott Kelly從一個成天做白日夢的差等生,到下定決心成為一名宇航員,努力學習科學并實現夢想的故事。
41.A　根據空格前的“absent-minded”可知,他心不在焉,對科學和其他所有科目都不感興趣。 故選A。
42.D　根據下文的“Therefore, he earned terrible grades”可知,因為課上不能集中注意力聽老師講課,所以他成績糟糕。故選D。
43.C　根據上文的“Therefore, he earned terrible grades”可知,他成績差,所以勉強能從高中畢業。故選C。
44.D　根據空后的“his dreams”和上文描述可知,他成績差,所以他甚至認為自己永遠無法實現自己的夢想。 故選D。
45.D　根據下文的“when he picked up the film The Right Stuff”和“he was determined to be an astronaut”可知,這部電影對他影響很大,他想要成為一名宇航員,所以是一切都發生了改變。故選D。
46.A　上句提到《太空英雄》這部電影,下文提到他決心成為一名宇航員,應是受到了電影的啟發。故選A。
47.A　要想成為一名宇航員,應該是在科學課上表現出色,下文的“straight A's in science”也是提示。 故選A。
48.B　為了成為一名宇航員,他下定決心學好科學。故選B。
49.C　根據空格前的“After so many years of daydreaming”可知,因為這么多年都在做白日夢,所以實現夢想不易。故選C。
50.B　根據空后的“his study skills, the better grades he got”可知,此處指學習技巧練習得越多,他的成績就越好。故選B。
51.C　根據空后的“see how good he could get”可知,此處指他開始和自己比賽,看自己能做得多好。故選C。
52.B　此處是說他之前是什么樣的,由上文的“so many years of daydreaming”可知他之前是一個經常做白日夢的人。故選B。
53.A　要想成為宇航員,科學成績全優是必不可少的。故選A。
54.C　根據下文“Everyone can learn this stuff”可知,每個人都可以學習科學,所以不要再強調科學太難了這一觀點。故選C。
55.D　只要大家愿意學習科學,就可以學好科學。故選D。
第二節
　　◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇新聞報道。據《南華早報》報道,中國計劃在2035年之前啟動超級高鐵。如果該項目按計劃進行,新列車將成為世界上最快的地面交通工具。
56.as　考查介詞。固定搭配be known as意為“被稱為”,故填as。
57.planned　考查狀語從句的省略。分析句子可知,as引導的狀語從句省略了主語和be動詞,補充完整為“as it (the project) is planned”。故填planned。
58.have announced　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。分析句子可知,設空處為謂語,由時間狀語In the past few days可知,設空處應用現在完成時;主語officers為名詞復數,謂語應用復數形式。故填have announced。
59.length　考查名詞。設空處前面為形容詞性物主代詞Its,所以設空處應用名詞。故填length。
60.which　考查定語從句。分析句子可知,設空處引導非限制性定語從句且在從句中作主語,修飾前面整個主句,所以用關系代詞which引導定語從句。
61.allowing　考查動詞-ing形式。分析句子可知,設空處為非謂語動詞作狀語,提示詞allow與其邏輯主語The project之間為主動關系,所以應用動詞-ing形式。故填allowing。
62.a　考查冠詞。level在此處為可數名詞,這里表示泛指,應用不定冠詞,且high-security的發音以輔音音素開頭。故填a。
63.further　考查副詞的比較級。分析句子可知,設空處作狀語修飾謂語動詞advance,表示“更遠地,進一步”,應用副詞far的比較級further。
64.its　考查形容詞性物主代詞。設空處修飾其后的名詞短語first test runs,所以應用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。
65.is expected　考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。分析句子可知,設空處為謂語,結合上文時態和此處語境可知應用一般現在時;主語It和提示詞expect之間為被動關系,所以應用一般現在時的被動語態。故填is expected。
第四部分　寫作
第一節
One possible version:
Dear Peter,
　　I'm happy to hear from you. Here I'd like to share with you what I experienced during the week-long National Day holiday.
Firstly, wherever and whenever we went, we could use the mobile payment, including buying admission tickets. More interestingly, we no longer had to get into tourist attractions with the ID card. We could do it through facial recognition, which really saved time so that we didn't have to wait in a queue.
I do hope you can come to China and experience all of this when you have spare time. Looking forward to your arrival!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二節
One possible version:
　　I shook my head and told him everything that had happened. “Thanks for telling me,” said Dad when I finished the story. Then I added, “I also need to talk to Mrs.Yang.” Dad stood on the sidewalk holding Chewy while I walked towards Mrs. Yang's front door. My hands shook as I knocked. To my surprise, Mrs. Yang answered with a smile. I apologized to her for running away and not helping pick up her things. “I was frightened,” I said, “and I was so absorbed in trying to finish my movie that I made some bad decisions. I'm so sorry.”
“Apology accepted,” said Mrs.Yang. “Did you say you're making a movie About Chewy ” she asked. I nodded. “Well, I'd love to see it when it's finished,” said Mrs. Yang. Then she told me that her son owned a coffee shop nearby, where he had a screen and projector. She would ask him if we could have a viewing party there. “That would be incredible,”I said. “Maybe Chewy could come and see himself on the big screen,” Mrs. Yang said with a smile.

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