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UNIT 4　JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND
Part 1　Reading and Thinking
基礎過關練
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1.The river 　　　　(結冰) overnight, which was unexpected.
2.He has signed up for a course whose d　　　　 is six months.
3.Mary came across an old friend in an 　　　　(古董) shop last week.
4.All the food stored in the room was 　　　　(真正地) destroyed in the fire.
5.It's said that this public square will be turned into a 　　　　(巨大的) garden.
Ⅱ.單句語法填空
1.The flowers gave off a　　　　　(please) smell, which made us cheerful.
2.I had been completely 　　　　　(breath) before I got to the top of the mountain.
3.Many people find it difficult to get out of a nice warm bed on a 　　　　　(freeze) morning.
4.Don't give up! After passing one more test, and then another, you will be bound 　　　　　(succeed).
5.The interviewee　　　　　(arise) immediately when the chef entered the room.
6.　　　　　(order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
7.Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 　　　　　(intend) for everyone.
8.　　　　　(compare) to traditional sci-fi, the themes and elements in today's works have expanded a lot.
Ⅲ.選詞填空
take sb.'s breath away;be bound for;a bunch of;in addition to
　　The elegant young girl Mary and good-tempered Jack got married. On New Year's Day, they 1.　　　　　　 Chinatown happily with 2.　　　　　　 flowers. They found the night scene here 3.　　　　　　. 4.　　　　　　 fried chicken with red peppers, they enjoyed the pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.那些孩子向我們跑來,手里拿著一些花。(動詞-ing形式作伴隨狀語)
The children ran towards us,　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.(讀后續寫—動作描寫)
2.據預測,在未來幾年,休閑消費將占到所有家庭消費的三分之一到一半。(anticipate)
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, in the years to come, leisure spending will account for a third to a half of all household spending.
3.He spent the whole afternoon reading and the door was closed.(句式升級;with的復合結構)
→He spent the whole afternoon reading　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
4.He didn't leave until the operation was over. (句型轉換;強調not until...)
→　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 he left.
能力提升練
Ⅰ.課文語法填空
Li Daiyu and Liu Qian,　1　 went to Canada to visit their cousins in Halifax on the Atlantic coast, decided to make 　2　 most of this opportunity to expand their vision. So instead of flying 　3　(immediate) to their destination, they chose to land at Vancouver. This meant that they would travel across the whole country, and the thought of it made them excited.
First, they spent a couple of days 　4　(explore) Vancouver. Then they took the train to Lake Louise. Along the way, they admired the massive mountains and forests of Canada and were 　5　(amaze) at the breathtaking beauty of Lake Louise. Later, they transferred to a coach bound 　6　 Jasper. It was the most awesome journey they had ever taken. And catching sight of many different creatures added to their 　7　(please). Next, they boarded a train again and stopped by Edmonton, which 　8　(be)home to many shopping malls. Then, the train headed across the great Canadian Prairie. They went through two wheat-growing provinces, and they saw a bunch of 　9　 (farm) which covered a very large area. Finally, it was not until 9:30 a.m. 　10　 they arrived in Toronto.
　　　　　2.　　　　　　3.　　　　　　4.　　　　　　5.　　　　　　 6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　
9.　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
Ⅱ.語法填空
Lucy Black has recently become the youngest person to travel to every country in the world. By the age of 23, she　1　(visit) all the countries in an effort to challenge herself and push the limits of 　2　 she believed was possible for a female traveller.
Lucy primarily employed aircraft, ships and trains to get around. 　3　 was not all plain sailing and there were many difficulties Lucy met with, 　4　(include) arranging visas to enter some countries. But the challenges 　5　(beat) by the memorable experiences on her way. “There're so many awesome experiences that can come out of travelling alone because you are more open to the connections with the locals than you would be in a big group,” she said.
Lucy had the pleasure of meeting 　6　 variety of people and experiencing different cultures. But the 　7　(valuable) experience of all was to discover a new sense of 　8　(depend), she said.
For Lucy, nothing beats travelling, which she described as her favourite part of being alive. “But I would be lying if I said I hadn't been enjoying taking time during the past year　9　(recover) from all the wear and tear 　10　 I have done to my body within the past three years,” she added.
　　　　　2.　　　　　　3.　　　　　　4.　　　　　　5.　　　　　　 6.　　　　　　7.　　　　　　8.　　　　　　
9.　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
Ⅲ.閱讀理解
A
Going to bed in one major city and waking up in another, toasting the scenery as a new country slips past; being rocked to sleep as the train rattles across the continent. It's no wonder that the night trains of Europe have been a byword(代名詞) for romance.
In fact, over the past decade, many of Europe's night train routes have been cut off. For many, it seemed that the end of the line was near. But recently there has been a recovery of night trains across Europe. On December 8th 2021, four national rail providers teamed up to announce new routes between 13 European cities.
“You leave work at the usual time, have dinner, proceed to the station, get on the train, and wake up in the place you want to be. There's no turning up at the airport at a very strange hour, as you do for a budget flight,”says Monisha Rajesh, author of “Around the World in 80 Trains”.
In fact, “flight shaming” has been sweeping across Europe in the past few years. In 2018,domestic flights were down by 9% in Sweden.
Europe's geography also helps the argument for night trains, says Nicolas Forien, a member of Back on Track, who points out that half the flights leaving airports in France are either internal, or going to a neighboring country. “The distance between European capitals is mostly ideal for night trains. The continent could be a night-train paradise.”
1.What does the author say about the night trains of Europe
A.They run at a high speed.
B.They are popular among Europeans.
C.They experienced a decline a century ago.
D.They bring passengers a sense of romance.
2.What does the underlined word “budget” in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Long.　　　　B.Cheap.　　　　C.Short.　　　　D.Expensive.
3.Which of the following has contributed to the recovery of Europe's night trains
①flight shaming　②the internal budget flight　③Europe's geography?、躷he tourism boom
A.①④　　　　B.②③　　　　C.①③　　　　D.③④
4.What is the text mainly about
A.Why Europeans choose to travel by night train.
B.How Europe's night trains come back to life.
C.When Europeans start taking an interest in night trains.
D.Whether the network of Europe's night trains has been cut off.
B
“Dad,” I said one day, “Let's take a trip. Why don't you fly out and meet me ”
My father had just retired after 27 years as a manager for IBM. His job filled his day, his thought and his life. While he woke up and took a warm shower, I screamed under a freezing waterfall in Peru. While he tied a tie and put on the same Swiss watch, I rowed a boat across Lake of the Ozarks.
My father saw me drifting aimlessly, nothing to show for my 33 years but a passport full of funny stamps. He wanted me to settle down, but now I want him to find an adventure.
He agreed to travel with me through some national parks. We met four weeks later in Rapid City.
“What is our first stop ” asked my father. “What time is it ” “Still don't have a watch ”
Less than an hour away was Mount Rushmore. As he stared up at the four Presidents carved in rocks, his mouth and eyes opened slowly, like those of a little boy. “Unbelievable!” he said.
Sculptor Gutzon devoted 14 years to this sculpture and then left the final touches to his son. We stared up and I asked myself, “Would I ever devote my life to anything ” No directions, no goals. I always used to hear those words in my father's voice. Now I hear them in my own.
The next day we were at Yellowstone National Park, where we had a picnic. “Did you ever travel with your dad ” I asked. “Only once,” he said. “I never spoke much to my father. We loved each other—but never said it. Whatever he could give me, he gave.”
The last sentence—it's probably the same thing I'd say about my father—is what I would want my child to say about me.
In Glacier National Park, my father said, “I have never seen water so blue.” I have, in several places of the world. I can keep traveling, I realize—and maybe a regular job won't be as dull as I feared.
Weeks after our trip, I called my father. “The photos are wonderful,” he said. “We have got to take another trip like that sometime.” I told him I had decided to settle down and wear a watch.
5.What can we learn about the father from paragraph 2 and paragraph 3
A.He followed the fashion.　　　
B.He liked the author's collection of stamps.
C.He got bored with his job.　　　
D.He was unhappy with the author's lifestyle.
6.What can be known about the author from the underlined paragraph
A.He wants his children to learn from their grandfather.
B.He comes to understand what parental love means.
C.He learns how to communicate with his father.
D.He hopes to give whatever he can to his father.
7.What could be inferred about the author and his father from the end of the story
A.The call solved their disagreements.　　　B.The Swiss watch has drawn them closer.
C.They decided to learn photography together.　　　D.They began to change their attitudes to life.
8.What could be the best title for the passage
A.Love Nature, Love Life　　　B.A Son Lost in Adventure
C.A Journey with Dad　　　D.The Art of Travel
答案與分層梯度式解析
UNIT 4　JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND
Part 1　Reading and Thinking
基礎過關練
Ⅰ.1.froze　2.duration　3.antique　4.literally　5.massive
Ⅱ.1.pleasant/pleasing　考查形容詞。設空處修飾其后的名詞smell,應用形容詞;此處指令人愉快的氣味,應用pleasant或pleasing。
2.breathless　考查形容詞。設空處作表語且被副詞completely修飾,應用形容詞;由語境可知,這里指“我已經完全喘不過氣來了”,故填breathless。
3.freezing　考查形容詞。設空處修飾其后的名詞morning,應用形容詞;由語境可知此處指“極冷的早晨”,故填freezing。
4.to succeed　考查動詞不定式。 be bound to do sth.表示“一定會做某事”。故填to succeed。
5.arose　考查動詞的時態。分析句子結構可知,when引導時間狀語從句,設空處作主句的謂語;由空后的immediately及從句中的entered并結合語境可知,主句應用一般過去時,arise的過去式為arose。故填arose。
6.Ordered　考查動詞-ed形式作狀語。分析句子結構可知,句中已有謂語且無連詞,故此處應用非謂語動詞的某種形式;提示詞order與句子主語the books之間為被動關系,因此應用動詞-ed形式。故填Ordered。
7.intended　考查動詞-ed形式作定語。設空處修飾名詞message,提示詞intend與message之間是邏輯上的被動關系,應用動詞-ed形式作定語。故填intended。
8.Compared　考查動詞-ed形式作狀語。分析句子結構可知,句中已有謂語且無連詞,故此處應用非謂語動詞的某種形式;過去分詞短語compared to...表示“與……相比”,常放在句首作狀語。故填Compared。
Ⅲ.1.were bound for　2.a bunch of　3.took their breath away　4.In addition to
Ⅳ.1.holding some flowers in their hands　2.It is anticipated that　3.with the door closed　4.It was not until the operation was over that
能力提升練
Ⅰ.1.who　考查定語從句。設空處前面是Li Daiyu and Liu Qian,設空處后面是謂語動詞went,此處指的是前面提到的這兩個人去加拿大,故推測設空處引導非限制性定語從句且在從句中作主語,應用關系代詞who來引導。
2.the　考查冠詞。 make the most of...意為“充分利用……”。故填the。
3.immediately　考查副詞。設空處作狀語修飾flying,應用副詞。故填immediately。
4.exploring　考查動詞-ing形式。spend some time (in) doing sth.表示“花費一些時間做某事”。故填exploring。
5.amazed　考查形容詞。 根據前面的主語they(她們)和系動詞were可知此處應填以-ed形式結尾的形容詞,表示“感到驚訝的”。故填amazed。
6.for　考查介詞。 be bound for...意為“準備前往……”,此處形容詞短語bound for Jasper作后置定語,修飾前面的名詞coach。故填for。
7.pleasure　考查名詞。設空處作added to的賓語,且空前有形容詞性物主代詞their,應用名詞。故填pleasure。
8.is　考查時態和主謂一致。設空處前面的which引導非限制性定語從句,先行詞為Edmonton,關系詞在從句中作主語,所以此處的be動詞應用第三人稱單數形式;此處表示埃德蒙頓是很多大型購物中心的所在地,是一個客觀事實,應用一般現在時。故填is。
9.farms　考查名詞復數。由設空處前面的a bunch of可知此處應用名詞復數。故填farms。
10.that　考查強調句型。分析句子結構可知,本句為強調句型,對“not until 9:30 a.m.”進行強調。故填that。
Ⅱ.◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。Lucy Black最近成為最年輕的環游世界各國的人,她分享了自己的旅行經歷和旅行感受。
1.has visited　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。句意:到23歲時,為了挑戰自己,挑戰她認為女性旅行者可能達到的極限,她已經走遍了所有的國家。分析句子成分可知,設空處作謂語;根據語境及前面的時間狀語By the age of 23可知應用現在完成時;主語she為單數,謂語也用單數。故填has visited。
2.what　考查賓語從句。句意同上題。分析句子結構可知,設空處引導賓語從句,作介詞of的賓語;從句中she believed為插入語,缺少主語,設空處指“……的事物”,因此應用連接代詞what引導從句。
3.It　考查代詞。句意:這并不是一帆風順的,Lucy遇到了很多困難,包括安排進入一些國家的簽證。分析句子可知,and連接兩個并列分句,設空處作前一分句的主語;結合上下文可知,此處在描述Lucy的旅行情況,應用代詞it指代她的旅行,即“這并不是一帆風順的”。故填It。
4.including　考查介詞。句意同上題。此處在列舉Lucy遇到的困難,應用介詞引出具體的困難。故填including。
5.were beaten　考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。句意:但她旅途中令人難忘的經歷勝過這些挑戰。分析句子成分可知,設空處為句子的謂語,根據此處語境和上下文時態可知應用一般過去時;根據空后的by可知提示詞beat和主語the challenges之間為被動關系,應用被動語態;主語為復數,謂語也用復數。故填were beaten。
6.a　考查冠詞。句意:Lucy有幸結識了各種各樣的人,體驗了不同的文化。a variety of意為“各種各樣的……”,為固定短語。故填a。
7.most valuable　考查形容詞的最高級。句意:但她說,最寶貴的經歷是發現了一種新的獨立感。根據語境及空前的the和空后的of可知,此處構成“the+形容詞最高級+名詞單數+of...”,意為“……中最……的……”,因此設空處應用valuable的最高級。故填most valuable。
8.independence　考查名詞。句意同上題。分析句子成分可知,空處作介詞of的賓語,結合Lucy獨自一人環游世界的經歷可推知,這里指“獨立”,應用提示詞depend的名詞形式dependence的反義詞independence。
9.to recover　考查動詞不定式。句意:她補充說,“但如果我說,在過去的一年里我沒有享受著花時間從過去三年對我的身體造成的所有損耗中恢復過來,那我就是在撒謊。”take time to do sth.意為“花時間做某事”,動詞不定式作賓語補足語。故填to recover。
10.that　考查定語從句。句意同上題。分析句子結構可知,設空處引導限制性定語從句,修飾先行詞the wear and tear,且先行詞被all修飾,指物,關系詞在從句中作done的賓語,因此應用關系代詞that引導從句。
【高頻詞匯】　1.effort n.努力;艱難的嘗試
2.challenge v.向……挑戰 n.挑戰　3.limit n.極限;限制
4.get around各處走動　5.meet with 碰到;遭遇(某事)
6.arrange v.籌備;安排;布置　7.describe v.描述;把……稱為　8.recover v.恢復健康;康復
【熟詞生義】　beat v.比……更好;勝過
【差距詞匯】　be plain sailing 順利;一帆風順
Ⅲ.A
◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了歐洲夜班火車是如何“起死回生”的。
1.D　細節理解題。由文章第一段中的“It's no wonder that the night trains of Europe have been a byword for romance.(難怪歐洲的夜班火車已成為浪漫的代名詞。)”可知D項正確。
2.B　詞義猜測題。畫線詞所在段語境為:你按照往常的時間下班,吃飯,去車站,上火車,然后在你想去的地方醒來。不可能像你……一樣,在非常奇怪的時間出現在機場。由“在非常奇怪的時間出現在機場”可推斷,這里指的是乘客為了省錢而購買冷門時段的低價飛機票。所以budget flight表示“廉價航班”。故選B。
3.C　細節理解題。關于歐洲夜班火車“起死回生”的原因,文章第四、五段分別提到了“flight shaming”和“Europe's geography”。故選C。
4.B　主旨大意題。文章第一段引出文章的話題:歐洲夜班火車;第二段具體描述歐洲夜班火車的情況;第三、四、五段解釋了歐洲夜班火車“起死回生”的原因。由此可知,本文主要講的是歐洲夜班火車是如何“起死回生”的。故選B。
【高頻詞匯】　1.route n.路線;常規路線　2.recovery n.復得;改善;復蘇;恢復　3.team up合作,協作
4.announce v.宣布;宣稱;通知　5.flight n.航班;空中航行;飛行　6.sweep across席卷,橫掃　7.domestic adj.國內的　8.argument n.論據,論點;爭論
【差距詞匯】　1.rattle v.(車輛運行時)發出連續短促的高聲　2.paradise n.天堂;樂園,完美去處
長難句
原句　Europe's geography also helps the argument for night trains, says Nicolas Forien, a member of Back on Track, who points out that half the flights leaving airports in France are either internal, or going to a neighboring country.
分析　a member of Back on Track為Nicolas Forien的同位語;who points out...為定語從句;that引導賓語從句;leaving airports in France是flights的定語。
譯文　Nicolas Forien是Back on Track這一組織的成員,他說,歐洲的地形也有助于支持夜班火車的論點。他指出離開法國機場的航班中,有一半要么是國內的要么是去鄰國的。
B
◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一直工作穩定的父親在退休之后跟作者一起出去游玩,在這次旅行后,作者和他父親都改變了原來的生活方式。
5.D　推理判斷題。根據第二段和第三段的內容可知,父親的生活方式與作者大不相同,并且父親希望作者能夠安定下來。由此推測,父親不滿意作者的生活方式。故選D。
6.B　推理判斷題。根據畫線段上一段中的“I never spoke much to my father. We loved each other—but never said it. Whatever he could give me, he gave.”可知,作者的爺爺很愛作者的父親,但是他們都不善于表達;根據畫線段可知,作者也想讓自己的孩子這樣。由此推測,作者從他父親的話里慢慢理解了父母之愛的意義。故選B。
7.D　細節理解題。根據最后一段可知,父親詢問作者什么時候開始下一次旅行,說明父親的生活方式發生了改變;而作者說想安定下來,說明他不想再和以前一樣到處漂泊,說明作者的想法也發生了變化。故選D。
8.C　主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,作者和父親一起出去游玩,在這次旅行后,作者對自己之前的生活方式產生了懷疑,決定安定下來,為一個目標而努力;而父親在這次旅行后認識到外面的世界很精彩,也改變了他自己的想法。所有的改變都是因為這一次旅行,所以這次旅行是本文的核心,是故事發展的關鍵背景,因此C項“A Journey with Dad”最適合作為本文的標題。故選C。
【高頻詞匯】　1.retire v.退休;退役　2.wake up醒來　3.put on戴上;穿上　4.aimlessly adv.漫無目的地
5.settle down定居下來,過安定的生活
【熟詞生義】　drift v.漂泊;流浪
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