資源簡介

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UNIT 3　ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
全卷滿分150分　考試用時120分鐘
第一部分　聽力(共兩節,滿分30分)
第一節(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1.How was the weather last week
A.Cold.　　　B.Warm.　　　C.Wet.
2.What is David busy doing
A.Visiting a flat.　　　B.Introducing a flat.　　　C.Arranging a flat.
3.What does the man's wife probably like to receive
A.A pearl.　　　B.Flowers.　　　C.A washing machine.
4.Where does the conversation probably take place
A.At the platform.
B.At the security checkpoint.
C.At the left-luggage office.
5.What is the woman
A.A tour guide.　　　B.A tourist.　　　C.A hotel receptionist.
第二節(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。
6.What is playing on the radio station now
A.The commercial.　　　B.A talk show.　　　C.A music program.
7.What do we know about the man
A.He hates to spend much time on news.
B.He prefers detailed news stories.
C.He often listens to news broadcasts.
聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。
8.What was the main topic of the meeting
A.Politics.　　　B.Green development.
C.The latest technology trends.
9.What did the meeting encourage
A.Driving cars less.
B.Making a wider variety of goods.
C.Developing sustainable agriculture.
10.What does the man think is important in achieving the goal
A.Global teamwork.　　　B.Energy exploration.
C.More job opportunities.
聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。
11.What can we know from the conversation
A.The woman got her ideas from a cook book.
B.The man is probably a regular customer.
C.The man has never been to the shop before.
12.What desserts does the man choose to buy
A.The lemon pie and the strawberry cake.
B.The green tea cupcake and the lemon pie.
C.The strawberry cake and the green tea cupcake.
13.How much should the man pay in total
A.$3.　　　B.$4.　　　C.$7.
聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。
14.What is greatly valued in the company
A.Employees' qualities.
B.Employees' appearances.
C.Employees' physical conditions.
15.What does the man need to do before work
A.Study the policies and practices.
B.Listen to customers' concerns.
C.Have a medical examination.
16.What is unnecessary for the man
A.Buying an insurance.
B.Being on time for work.
C.Working on weekends.
17.What will the man do
A.Go on his questions.
B.Expect the woman's reply.
C.Write down personal information.
聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。
18.What is the talk mainly about
A.Global warming.　　　B.Water shortage.
C.Rising sea level.
19.What can we learn from the talk
A.More and more places will have much rain.
B.People living near the sea may have to move.
C.Animals in Antarctica may get used to warmer weather.
20.Why could penguins be dying off
A.They can't stand warmer temperatures.
B.They are losing their habitats.
C.They are short of food.
第二部分　閱讀(共兩節,滿分50分)
第一節(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
A
Today's modern travelers are journeying further to explore Europe off the beaten track, and bringing home new skills and experience. Here are 4 ideas for an unusual holiday in Europe.
Volunteer in Transylvania
Transylvania is a top choice for an unusual European city break, with wonderfully preserved medieval(中世紀的) towns and castles that inspired the famous novel Dracula. In addition, you can take your unusual holiday experience even further by volunteering in Eastern Europe's largest bear reserve and working with bears.
Teach skiing in Austria
Austria is one of Europe's top skiing destinations. If you're looking for a more unusual way to spend a winter holiday, why not consider training to be a ski instructor there You'll gain a qualification that is recognized worldwide, and this programme includes a guaranteed paid instructor job at a ski resort(旅游勝地) once you have finished your training.
Go diving in Spain
For a European holiday with a difference, take part in a plastic clean-up project based in Barcelona, help to dispose of plastic waste in the Mediterranean Sea and protect the environment as you travel. This volunteer project combines diving with collecting plastic or other waste from the water, alongside giving you the chance to explore the city.
Explore Tuscany on horseback
Tuscany, one of the best places in Europe to explore on horseback, has witnessed a sharp increase in travelers. There are various activities that combine sightseeing with basic horse riding lessons and you can stay in the Renaissance villas(文藝復興風格的別墅) and farmhouses. You don't need to have any experience for horse riding holidays, and they are a brilliant alternative to your typical guided tour.
21.What does the author suggest doing in Transylvania
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.Finding a job in the castle.
B.Helping to care for bears.
C.Reading the novel Dracula.
D.Visiting its modern buildings.
22.Where can you help to protect the environment while traveling
A.In Spain.　　　B.In Austria.
C.In Tuscany.　　　D.In Transylvania.
23.What do we know about horse riding holidays in Tuscany
A.They are unique to Tuscany.
B.They suit experienced riders.
C.They are growing in popularity.
D.They feature a typical guided tour.
B
On March 20, Keep Alamogordo Beautiful, the Alamogordo Chamber of Commerce and NMDOT District 2 hosted a large-scale community clean-up, drawing around 150 volunteers.
The clean-up spanned the Charlie Lee Memorial Relief Route that runs the length of the City of Alamogordo. The event saw the volunteers provided a total of 300 volunteer hours, which totals $7,407 in volunteer labor. Nearly 4,000 pounds of garbage, equating to 450 bags of garbage, were collected.
Thriving(蓬勃發展) in southern New Mexico, Boys and Girls Clubs of Otero County, the Rotary Club of White Sands, Pioneer Bank, Tularosa Communications, Zuni Electric, Inc., and Holloman Air Force Base all provided volunteers.
“Being a local business owner who was born and raised here, I've seen the growing need for garbage removal along our byways. We live in a great community, but we need to help change the mindsets and culture surrounding garbage. We need to remind folks to bag their garbage, tie it down, and be more responsible,” said Rodney Eaton, president of Zuni Electric, Inc.
“It is our job as community members to limit the lasting footprint we each leave on our community's environment,” says Josh Sides, coordinator of the Keep Alamogordo Beautiful program. “The community clean-up was a much-needed injection(注入) of inspiration to the heart of volunteerism here in Alamogordo. It is important that we all do our part to make Alamogordo a clean, green, and more beautiful place. I cannot thank the Alamogordo community enough for the massive show of support exhibited on Saturday during the community clean-up. This is the first of many to come.”
“The volunteers take much pride in keeping Alamogordo looking beautiful,” said District Two Maintenance's engineer Francesco Sanchez. “During these challenging times as we all try to maintain our highway assets(資產) with fewer funds, we rely on volunteers to help us keep our roads clean and beautiful.”
24.What do the numbers in paragraph 2 mainly tell us
A.The expense of the event.
B.The pride of the volunteers.
C.The achievement of the event.
D.The severe pollution of the world.
25.What did Rodney Eaton suggest
A.Improving local business.
B.Preventing using garbage bags.
C.Building a much friendlier community.
D.Calling on people to keep the community clean.
26.What can we learn from Josh Sides
A.This is the first voluntary activity he took part in.
B.More clean-up activities will be organized in the future.
C.Alamogordo is the first city to host the community clean-up.
D.Environmental protection needs support from the government.
27.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A.Time to Begin a New Life
B.How to Build a United City
C.Highways Are Back to Normal
D.A Cleaner Neighborhood Was Created
C
Most of our everyday plastic items end up in landfill, left to rot away for many years. But some of them were blown away, spoiling the countryside, causing damage to the natural environment and harming wildlife. The problem is most severe in the ocean. Research has found a deserted island in the South Pacific is littered with the highest density(密度) of plastic waste anywhere in the world.
The study described how remote islands act as a “sink” for the world's rubbish. They become collecting points for fishing items and everyday things including toothbrushes, cigarette lighters and razors—things that we throw away. Dr Jennifer Lavers from the University of Tasmania says, “Almost every island in the world and almost every species in the ocean are now being impacted one way or another by our waste.”
This highlights the potentially deadly effect of our disposable(用后即丟棄的) culture. When we throw something away, it doesn't just disappear—it goes somewhere and because of the nature of plastic, it takes a long time to rot away and stays there, causing great damage to the ocean's ecology(生態). And worse still, plastic is broken down into tiny particles over a long period by the wind and the waves, and then sea creatures at the bottom of the food chain swallow them. These creatures are eaten by the fish that we eventually consume.
The solution to this problem would be to use less plastic. Several countries now charge for using plastic carrier bags, which reduces the usage, and some products now use natural and recyclable materials.
28.What does the author really want to tell us in the first paragraph
A.Plastic items blow away easily in the strong wind.
B.It is a bad habit to throw away plastics everywhere.
C.Plastic pollution in the ocean is a most serious issue.
D.It is a good idea to let plastic items end up in landfill.
29.What does the author mean by saying the islands act as a “sink” for the world's rubbish
A.The islands begin to sink with much rubbish on them.
B.The islands have become gathering places for rubbish.
C.The islands are inaccessible due to the white pollution.
D.The islands are ideal places to hide the plastic products.
30.What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 3 refer to
A.The nature of plastic.
B.The ocean's ecology.
C.Thrown-away rubbish.
D.The impact on sea species.
31.What's the really frightening fact about the plastic pollution in the ocean
A.Causing many sea creatures to die out.
B.Presenting potential risks to our health.
C.Cutting off the food chain of sea creatures.
D.Breaking the balance of the ocean's ecology.
D
After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves.
Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.
The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations—major food sources(來源) for the wolf—grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation(植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park's red foxes, and completely drove away the park's beavers.
As early as 1966, biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park. They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems. Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.
The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today, the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk, deer, and coyote populations are down, while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback. The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.
32.What does the underlined word “displaced” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Tested.　　　B.Separated.
C.Forced out.　　　D.Tracked down.
33.What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about
A.Damage to local ecology.
B.Preservation of vegetation.
C.A decline in the park's income.
D.An increase in the variety of animals.
34.What is the author's attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project
A.Doubtful.　　　B.Positive.
C.Uncaring.　　　D.Disapproving.
35.What is the text mainly about
A.Wildlife research in the United States.
B.Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area.
C.The conflict between farmers and gray wolves.
D.The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.
第二節(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)
閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Research shows that with 2℃ of global warming we will have more disasters like droughts, floods, wildfires and storms. Unless we act immediately to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, we won't be able to escape the worst consequences of climate change. This can seem depressing. 　36　. Here are some ways you can be part of the climate solution:
Transform your transport
　37　. So many governments across the world are taking action to reduce carbon emissions in transport. You can get a head start. Leave your car at home and walk or cycle whenever possible. If the distances are too long, choose public transport, preferably electric options. If you must drive, offer to carpool with others so that fewer cars are on the road.
　38　
To reduce your food's carbon footprint, buy local and seasonal foods. You'll be helping small businesses and farms in your area and reducing fossil fuel emissions associated with transport and cold chain storage. Go one step further and try growing your own fruit, vegetables and herbs.　39　.
Don't waste food
One-third of all food produced is either lost or wasted. People waste 1 billion tons of food each year, which accounts for around 8-10 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions. Avoid waste by only buying what you need. Take advantage of every edible(可食用的) part of the foods you buy. Be creative with leftovers, and share extras with your friends and neighbours.　40　. It's the best option for managing organic waste while also reducing environmental impacts.
A.Grow your own food
B.Shop locally and buy sustainable food
C.Transport is a typical example of human activities
D.But the good news is that there's a lot we can still do as individuals
E.Traffic accounts for around a quarter of all greenhouse gas emissions
F.You can plant them in a garden, on a balcony or even on a windowsill
G.Make compost (堆肥) out of inedible parts and use it to fertilize(使肥沃) your garden
36.　　　　37.　　　　38.　　　　39.　　　　40.　　　
第三部分　語言運用(共兩節,滿分30分)
第一節(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
On a weekday evening, Jane was at home as usual. She received an urgent 　41　 from her sister “Act over here! Turn on the TV and check these guys out. They are just like you.” One facebook message and a phone interview later, Jane 　42　 herself on a bus with 8 strangers in the middle of the extreme desert heat of Utah, picking up rubbish.
With a deep 　43　 for the environment and a desire to make a 　44　, Jane, Dave, and a group of people 　45　 themselves “environmental pick-up artists” went on a coast-to-coast road-side trash pick-up. As they walked, sometimes only 　46　 0.9 miles in an entire day, they slowly 　47　 their way across the United States, picking up a total of 201,678 pounds of trash in three years.
During an interview, Jane and Dave 　48　 with us wonderful stories of hope that inspired them to 　49　 their journey. After spending weeks silently 　50　 how she would have enough money to fly home for their spring break, Jane found an envelope 　51　 with $850 in cash in the desert, just enough to get her home and back. After their bus 　52　 outside of Denver, they unexpectedly got help and arrived in Yosemite National Park three weeks later, just 　53　 a mission to clean up trash all over the park.
Jane and Dave are like so many uncelebrated(默默無聞的) heroes in our community. Their commitment to working in meaningful, small ways reflects their 　54　 for real change. What they have done is a reminder that we can all make 　55　.
41.A.visit　　　B.call　　　C.action　　　D.advocate
42.A.found　　　B.detected　　　C.persuaded　　　D.integrated
43.A.fear　　　B.appetite　　　C.preference　　　D.sympathy
44.A.plan　　　B.route　　　C.promise　　　D.difference
45.A.naming　　　B.correcting　　　C.displaying 　　　D.discovering
46.A.measuring　　　B.covering　　　C.wandering　　　D.fixing
47.A.made　　　B.got　　　C.helped　　　D.pedalled
48.A.heard　　　B.read　　　C.wrote　　　D.shared
49.A.call on　　　B.carry on　　　C.work on　　　D.rely on
50.A.learning　　　B.complaining　　　C.worrying　　　D.talking
51.A.filled　　　B.supplied　　　C.labeled　　　D.equipped
52.A.set off　　　B.speeded up
C.pulled up　　　D.broke down
53.A.in touch with　　　B.in time for
C.in the face of　　　D.in return for
54.A.theory　　　B.answer　　　C.action　　　D.desire
55.A.choices　　　B.advantages
C.contributions　　　D.gifts
第二節(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Global warming could make humans shorter, warning scientists who are said　56　(find) evidence that it caused the world's first horses to shrink nearly 50 million years ago.
In fact a team from the universities of Florida and Nebraska says it has found a link between the earth　57　(heat) up and the size of mammals—horses. The scientists used fossils to follow the evolution(進化) of horses from their earliest 　58　(appear) 56 million years ago.
“As temperatures went up, 　59　(they) size went down, and vice versa; at one point they were as small as a house cat,” said Dr. Jonathan Bloch, curator of the Florida Museum of Natural History. The scientists say that the current warming could have the same influence 　60　 mammals—and could even make humans 　61　(small).
Horses 　62　(start) out small, about the size of a small dog like a miniature schnauzer. 　63　 is surprising is that after they first appeared, they then became even smaller and then 　64　(drama) increased in size, and that exactly agrees with the global warming event. “It had been known that mammals were small when it was warm, 　65　 we hadn't understood that the temperature really was driving the evolution of body size,” Dr. Bloch said in the Science journal.
56.　　　　57.　　　　58.　　　　59.　　　　60.　　　
61.　　　　62.　　　　63.　　　　64.　　　　65.　　　
第四部分　寫作(共兩節,滿分40分)
第一節(滿分15分)
假如你是學生會主席李華,請你以“保護環境,低碳生活”為主題,寫一封英語倡議書,號召大家積極采取行動,踐行低碳生活(low-carbon life)。內容包括:
1.保護環境的重要性;
2.如何低碳生活;
3.發出倡議。
注意:寫作詞數應為80個左右。
Dear fellow students,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第二節(滿分25分)
閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。
In a small community located in the suburbs of Exeter, a disheartening issue had been troubling the neighborhood for years. The once pleasant surroundings were ruined by piles of waste that seemed to multiply with each passing day. Residents were growing tired of the worsening environment, leading many to abandon their homes in search of cleaner neighborhoods. It was in this terrible situation that two young students, Emma and Mia, decided to take matters into their own hands.
Emma and Mia were classmates and best friends from Phillips Exeter Academy, both passionate about environmental preservation and deeply concerned about the pollution crisis their community was facing. Witnessing more and more neighbors' leaving, they knew they couldn't stand by any longer. Determined to bring about a change, they undertook a mission that would soon catch the attention of the entire community.
Their journey began with thorough research and planning. The two girls searched carefully on the Internet for information on environmental initiatives and connected with local environmentalists. They organized meetings with residents to understand the issues at hand, collecting data on the types of waste, the sources, and the areas most affected. Armed with this knowledge, Emma and Mia worked out a comprehensive plan and announced it to ask for opinions from the residents. Surprisingly it was strongly supported.
Their strategy was twofold. First, they initiated a waste classification and recycling program. They distributed recycling bins(回收箱) to every household and educated the community about the importance of responsible waste management. Soon, the streets began to show signs of improvement as the volume of garbage inappropriately thrown away decreased gradually.
The second part of their plan was more ambitious. Emma and Mia gathered volunteers from their school and the neighborhood to take part in a massive clean-up campaign. Armed with gloves and trash(垃圾)bags, they began systematically clearing the waste from the streets, parks, and even the local bodies of water. Their firm commitment and hard work inspired others to join the cause.
注意:續寫詞數應為150個左右。
Half a year later,the changes were significant.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　Emma and Mia received recognition and honors for their work.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
答案全解全析
1.A 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.B
9.C 10.A 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.C 16.C
17.B 18.A 19.B 20.C 21.B 22.A 23.C 24.C
25.D 26.B 27.D 28.C 29.B 30.D 31.B 32.C
33.A 34.B 35.D 36.D 37.E 38.B 39.F 40.G
41.B 42.A 43.C 44.D 45.A 46.B 47.A 48.D
49.B 50.C 51.A 52.D 53.B 54.D 55.C
56.to have found　57.heating　58.appearance　59.their　60.on 61.smaller　62.started　63.What　64.dramatically　65.but
第二部分　閱讀
第一節
A
　　◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了歐洲的四個不同尋常的旅游勝地。
21.B　細節理解題。根據Volunteer in Transylvania部分中的“In addition, you can take your unusual holiday experience even further by volunteering in Eastern Europe's largest bear reserve and working with bears.”可知,作者建議游客在特蘭西瓦尼亞幫忙照顧熊。故選B。
22.A　細節理解題。根據Go diving in Spain部分中的“help to dispose of plastic waste in the Mediterranean Sea and protect the environment as you travel.”可知,游客在西班牙旅行時可以幫助保護環境。故選A。
23.C　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“Tuscany, one of the best places in Europe to explore on horseback, has witnessed a sharp increase in travelers.”可推斷,托斯卡納的騎馬度假越來越受歡迎。故選C。
B
　　◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了一場大規模的社區清理活動和人們對此的思考。
24.C　推理判斷題。第二段提到,在此次活動中,志愿者們共提供了300小時的志愿服務,共計7,407美元的志愿勞動,收集了近4,000磅垃圾。由此可推斷,第二段的數據主要告訴我們這次活動的成績。故選C。
25.D　推理判斷題。根據第四段羅德尼·伊頓的話可知,我們需要幫助改變與垃圾有關的觀念模式和文化,我們需要提醒人們把垃圾裝進袋子、綁好、更負責任。由此可推斷,羅德尼·伊頓建議人們保持社區干凈。故選D。
26.B　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“This is the first of many to come.”可知,這是即將發生的許多清理活動中的第一個。所以今后將組織更多的清理活動。故選B。
27.D　主旨大意題。
根據文章結構可知,本文主要介紹了一個社區通過志愿者清理活動變得更加干凈,所以D項“創建了一個更干凈的社區”最適合作為文章標題。故選D。
C
　　◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。一項研究發現,南太平洋的一座荒島是世界上塑料垃圾密度最高的地方,海洋塑料污染是一個嚴重的問題,而解決海洋塑料污染的辦法是使用更少的塑料。
28.C　推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“The problem is most severe in the ocean.”可知,第一段講述了海洋塑料污染是一個非常嚴重的問題。下面的段落圍繞該話題展開。故選C。
29.B　細節理解題。根據第二段中的“They become collecting points for fishing items and everyday things including...”可知,作者說這些島嶼作為世界垃圾的“滲坑”是指這些島嶼已經成為垃圾聚集的地方。故選B。
30.D　詞義猜測題。畫線詞是代詞,一般指代上文;畫線詞位于第三段開頭,所以需要從第二段尋找相關信息。根據第二段中的“Almost every island in the world and almost every species in the ocean are now being impacted one way or another by our waste.”可推斷,代詞This指的是“對海洋物種的影響”。故選D。
31.B　推理判斷題。根據第三段最后兩句可知,塑料被分解為小顆粒后被食物鏈底層的海洋生物吃掉,然后魚吃掉這些食物鏈底層的生物,我們最終吃掉魚。由此可推斷,關于海洋塑料污染,真正可怕的事實是其對我們的健康有潛在的威脅。故選B。
D
　　◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了經過多年的激烈爭論之后,灰狼又回到了黃石國家公園。
32.C　詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞上文“Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area”和下文“By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area.”可知,灰狼曾經在黃石地區隨處可見,可到了20世紀20年代,灰狼幾乎從黃石地區消失了。由此可推斷,此處指的是“灰狼逐漸被驅離”,畫線詞意為“迫使離開家園”,與C項意思一致。故選C。
33.A　推理判斷題。根據第三段可知,狼群的消失帶來了許多意想不到的結果,破壞了公園里的植物多樣性和動物多樣性。由此可推斷,灰狼的消失對生態造成了破壞。故選A。
34.B　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment”可知,作者覺得這個項目很有價值,說明作者的態度是積極的。故選B。
35.D　主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其是根據第一段第一句可知,文章主要講述的就是黃石國家公園再次引入灰狼這件事。故選D。
第二節
　　◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要提出了一些個人可以減少氣候影響的方法和建議。
36.D　設空處與上下文構成的語意結構為:這似乎令人沮喪。→　36　→這里有一些方法可以讓你成為氣候問題解決方案的一部分。D項“但好消息是,作為個人,我們仍然可以做很多事情”與上文構成轉折關系,同時指出作為個人也可以采取行動減少氣候影響。故選D。
37.E　設空處下文提到,因此世界各地的許多政府都在采取行動以減少交通運輸中的碳排放。E項“交通排放的溫室氣體約占溫室氣體排放總量的四分之一”闡明原因,與下文構成因果關系。故選E。
38.B　根據文章結構可知,設空處是段落小標題。本段主要講的是如何減少食物的碳足跡。B項“在當地購物,購買可持續食品”是對本段的概括總結,且B項中的locally與下文中的local是同根詞。故選B。
39.F　設空處上文提到,更進一步,嘗試自己種植水果、蔬菜和草藥。F項“你可以把它們種在花園里,陽臺上,甚至窗臺上”是對上文的補充說明,F項中的them指代上文中的“fruit, vegetables and herbs”。故選F。
40.G　設空處與上下文構成的語意結構為:利用你所買食物的每一個可食用部分。創造性地處理剩菜,與你的朋友和鄰居分享多余的剩菜。→　40　→這是管理有機廢物同時減少環境影響的最佳選擇。G項“把不可食用的部分做成堆肥,用來給花園施肥”承上啟下,符合語境。故選G。
第三部分　語言運用
第一節
　　◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。為提高人們對環境污染和氣候變化的認識,簡和戴夫等人花了三年時間共撿了201,678磅垃圾,他們的做法提醒我們,我們都可以用自己的方式為環境做出貢獻。
41.B　根據下文作者的妹妹說的話并結合下文提到的作者為環保所做的事可知,此處表示妹妹看到電視上的這些人及其做法好像與姐姐一樣時,就喊(call)姐姐抓緊去看電視。故選B。
42.A　上文提到妹妹喊簡去看電視,所以此處指簡發現(found)電視上的人是自己。故選A。
43.C　根據空后的“for the environment”和上文描述的簡等人的所作所為可知,此處指他們對環境有著深切的喜愛(preference)。故選C。
44.D　根據語境并結合選項可知,這里指他們懷著能起作用的愿望。make a difference意為“起作用;有影響”。故選D。
45.A　根據語境并結合選項和常識可知,這里指簡、戴夫和一群自稱(naming)“環保拾荒者”的人。故選A。
46.B　根據空后的“0.9 miles”可知,這里指他們有時一整天只走(covering)0.9英里。故選B。
47.A　根據語境并結合選項可知,這里指他們慢慢前進穿越了美國。make one's way意為“前進”。故選A。
48.D　根據下文提到的撿垃圾行程中發生的故事可知,此處指簡和戴夫給我們分享(shared)了精彩的故事。故選D。
49.B　根據上文中的“wonderful stories of hope”可知,此處指這些故事激勵他們繼續(carry on)他們的旅程。故選B。
50.C　根據下文“how she would have enough money to fly home for their spring break”可知,簡一直在默默擔心(worrying)自己是否有足夠的錢飛回家過春假。故選C。
51.A　根據空前的“envelope”和空后的“with $850 in cash in the desert”可知,后來她在沙漠中發現了一個裝有(filled)850美元現金的信封。故選A。
52.D　根據下文“they unexpectedly got help”可知,他們乘坐的巴士在丹佛郊外出了故障(broke down)。故選D。
53.B　上文提到他們得到意想不到的幫助,在三周后到達了約塞米蒂國家公園,所以此處指剛好及時(in time for)趕上了清理公園里所有垃圾的任務。故選B。
54.D　根據上文他們保護環境的具體行動可知,他們以微小而有意義的方式工作反映了他們對真正改變的渴望(desire)。故選D。
55.C　上文中的“What they have done”指的是他們用三年時間走遍美國收集垃圾的行為,所以這對于我們來說是個提醒,提醒我們都能做出貢獻(contributions)。故選C。
第二節
　　◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。一項研究發現,全球變暖可能影響哺乳動物的體形,本文以馬的進化為例進行了說明。
56.to have found　考查動詞不定式。固定句型“sb. be said to do”意為“據說某人做了……”;提示詞find所表示的動作發生在謂語are said之前,所以用動詞不定式的完成式。故填to have found。
57.heating　考查動詞-ing形式。分析句子可知,復合結構“the earth 　57　 up”作介詞between的賓語,heat up與其邏輯主語the earth之間是主動關系,應用動詞-ing形式。故填heating。
58.appearance　考查名詞。根據空前的their earliest可知設空處應用名詞。故填appearance。
59.their　考查代詞。設空處修飾其后的名詞size,應用形容詞性物主代詞。故填their。
60.on　考查介詞。the influence on意為“對……的影響”。故填on。
61.smaller　考查形容詞的比較級。根據語境可知,此處指的是“甚至可能使人類更矮小”,應用形容詞的比較級作賓補。故填smaller。
62.started　考查動詞的時態。分析句子可知,設空處作謂語;根據下文“after they first appeared”可知此處指的是“起初馬很小”,描述過去的事情,應用一般過去時。故填started。
63.What　考查主語從句。分析句子可知,設空處引導主語從句且在從句中作主語,表示“……的事物”,應用連接代詞what引導從句。設空處位于句首,首字母要大寫。故填What。
64.dramatically　考查副詞。設空處修飾動詞increased,應用副詞。故填dramatically。
65.but　考查連詞。設空處前面的“It had been known...”和設空處后面的“we hadn't understood”構成轉折關系,所以應用表示轉折的并列連詞but連接。
第四部分　寫作
第一節
One possible version:
Dear fellow students,
With the development of modern industry, the environment is becoming increasingly worse. It's high time that we should take measures, or we would have nowhere to live.
We students can protect our environment by living a low-carbon life. Firstly, do turn off lights and other switches when not using them to save electricity. What's more, if we go out, we should walk, ride or take public transport instead of driving. Finally, reusing paper and bottles in our daily life is also highly recommended.
Let's make joint efforts to create a green and harmonious environment. I strongly believe that the better world needs the commitment and dedication of everyone.
第二節
One possible version:
Half a year later,the changes were significant. Gradually, the neighborhood regained its charm. The air grew cleaner, many kinds of birds were increasingly making their nests here again and the sound of laughter returned as children played in the park once littered with waste. Emma and Mia's great efforts had not only cleaned up the environment but also promoted the community spirit. News of the remarkable transformation quickly spread beyond the community. Those who had left the community in earlier years began to return.
Emma and Mia received recognition and honors for their work. The local community was full of praise for their efforts. Besides, awards from environmental organizations and praise from government officials poured in. But they knew that their work was far from finished. They would use their newfound prominence to advocate sustainable practices, inspire the community to continue their eco-friendly efforts and encourage local businesses to adopt green initiatives to make their neighborhood more enjoyable.

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