資源簡介 Unit 5 Revealing naturePart 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas基礎過關練Ⅰ.熟詞生義1.We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it.詞性: 詞義: 2.What a disgrace! Her son is a murder suspect in the case. 詞性: 詞義: 3.It was only after a family conversation that I found out she was actually my distant cousin. 詞性: 詞義: 4.At night, I offered to tell them a folk tale, but they declined.詞性: 詞義: 5.Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones.詞性: 詞義: 6.He was without question one of the giants of Western literature.詞性: 詞義: Ⅱ.單句語法填空1. (surprising), she didn t feel nervous or regretful about her actions. 2.The (injure) workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital. 3.The local police issued a (warn) against eating any fish caught in the river. 4.(易錯題)That girl did the right thing, so we shouldn t blame the accident her. 5.The princess and her twin sister seemed to be alike some ways, but they were quite different in their characters. 6.What surprises me is that after two and a half years,the mother will drive the young panda . 7.The origin of what is now known as modern art can be linked social change in the 18th century. 8. I can t believe that you got (fine) for speeding, and I thought of you as a careful driver. 9.(易錯題)The teacher as well as the students (play) basketball in the playground now. 10.On Tuesday, WHO said the polio(脊髓灰質炎) cases in Xinjiang (detect) in the past two months. Ⅲ.完成句子1.湯姆很擅長理科,而他的弟弟卻不是。(while)Tom is very good at science, . 2.他微笑著點了點頭,示意一切都好。(indicate)He smiles and nods, .(讀后續寫—動作描寫) 3.夏天早上的空氣呼吸起來很好。(不定式主動形式表示被動意義)The morning air in summer . 4.老人在看電視,他的孫子在他身邊玩耍。(with的復合結構)The old man is watching TV beside him. 5.It is said that she has published a new book.(句型轉換)→She a new book. 能力提升練Ⅰ.課文語法填空 Scientists are learning the secret ways in which plants “talk” to each other. It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals 1 (communicate) with each other. When 2 (attack)by insects, the plant releases chemicals from the leaves that 3 (eat). This is like 4 warning. When another plant detects the chemicals, it starts to release 5 (it)own different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate. Some plants make a noise with their 6 (root). Some trees make a clicking noise when there is not enough water, 7 (indicate) drought is arriving. Most surprisingly of all, plants have an 8 (amaze)system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. It is called the “wood wide web”, 9 is in some ways similar to the Internet we use. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food 10 each other. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Ⅱ.語法填空 High on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 1 (lie) “China s water tower” Sanjiangyuan. It is home to the headwaters of China s three rivers: the Yellow River, the Yangtze River, and the Lancang (Mekong) River. It is the three rivers 2 provide water for about half the population of China. However, human activities are putting this ecosystem 3 risk. Hopefully, though, we can repair this damage. In 2016, the Chinese government established Sanjiangyuan National Park in Qinghai province. The park, 4 (schedule) to open in 2020, has increased the area s green coverage and attracted more wildlife. The local government has also made great effort to improve biological diversity. The success of Sanjiangyuan will mark the start of a 5 (green) future. With Sanjiangyuan 6 (take) the lead, nine other regions in China 7 (choose) by a field conservation station to carry out projects over the past three years, 8 will form a national park system together. The idea of a national park system is still new in China, but 9 (it) realization is urgent. After all, building an ecological civilization bears great 10 (important) in the development and progress of human civilization. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Ⅲ.閱讀理解Plants are boring. They just sit there photosynthesizing (進行光合作用) while animals have all the fun. Right Not so much. A new study has found that there is a long history of interactions between ants and plants. The ant and plant co-evolution (共同進化) started with ants feeding on plants and plants evolving ant-friendly features.Plants make a number of different structures that are specific for ant use. Some plants have evolved features that persuade ants into defending them from attack from other insects and even mammals. These include hollow thorns that ants will live inside, or extra nectar (花蜜) on leaves or stems for the ants to eat. Some ants will just cheat and take the nectar and run, but some will stick around and attack anything that tries to hurt the plant. Other plants get ants to help them move their seeds around, by providing them with rich food packets attached to the seeds. The ant will pick up the seed and carry it away, eat the food packet, and leave the seed—often in a nutrient-rich area where it ll grow better, and since it s farther away from its parent, they won t have to compete for resources.But scientists weren t sure how the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants got started. If evolution is an arms race between species developing ways to make use of their neighbors, then scientists wanted to know whether plants or ants fired the first shot. It was a chicken-and-egg question, whether things started with ants developing behaviors to take advantage of plants, or plants evolving structures to take advantage of ants.The history of ants and plants evolving together goes back to the time of the dinosaurs, and it s not easy to tell from fossils who fired the first shot. However, it is a question of little significance. Scientists say their study matters because it provides a look at how these widespread and complex interactions evolved.1.Why do some plants attach food packets to their seeds A.To reward the ants. B.To make a fool of ants.C.To get the seeds moved around. D.To provide nutrition for the seeds.2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us A.What ants do to protect plants. B.How plants and ants interact.C.How plants and ants survive attacks. D.Why plants and ants need co-evolution.3.Which is TRUE about the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants A.Ants depended more upon plants. B.How it got started was uncertain.C.It caused a race for better evolution. D.It was of little value for future studies.4.What s the author s purpose of writing the passage A.To introduce a science research method.B.To arouse readers interest in science research.C.To inform readers of a latest research finding.D.To criticize people s traditional views about plants.Ⅳ.七選五Tomato plants are adaptable to less-than-optimal conditions, but meeting their preferred conditions yields(出產) the juiciest and most delicious fruit.Light. 1 In extremely hot conditions, the morning sunlight and afternoon shade are sufficient. Although the plants can grow in mainly shady areas, the production of fruit will be severely limited. Soil and water. Tomato plants grow best when they have fertile soil and consistent moisture(水分). If it rains less than 25.4 millimeters per week, you need to water them yourself. 2 Placing much around your tomato plants discourages weeds, maintains soil moisture, and prevents diseases from splashing off the soil onto the leaves when it rains. Aim for a 3-to 4-inch-thick layer of the organic covering, such as straw, chopped leaves or finely shredded wood chips. Temperature and humidity. 3 Wait until the soil warms in spring before setting out plants. Tomato plants grow well when the temperature is about 25℃. Although they love the sun, when the temperature rises above 40℃, they will stop growing. Tomatoes like a relatively high humidity level of 65 percent to 85 percent. Levels higher than this range negatively affect the plants. 4 Tomato plants grow best when fertilized at two specific times during the growing season: right after planting and just before the fruit develops. Apply balanced liquid plant food to them. Pruning (打杈). Tomato plants don t have to be pruned. However, removing any side shoots growing between the main stem and a branch is a good idea. 5 A.Fertilizer.B.The planting area.C.Tomatoes are warm-weather fans.D.In general, tomato plants require the full sun.E.However, to prevent diseases, avoid wetting the leaves.F.To make them grow better, water them as often as you can.G.They can influence the growth of main branches growing fruit.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Ⅴ.讀后續寫 閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。Alan and the other campers sat around the fire, talking and laughing. It would be Alan s first night in a tent, and he was excited, if a little nervous.Then, the conservation area officer spoke, “Much of the wildlife in this region comes out only at night. So after supper, let s start a night watch. Volunteers will take turns to stay down here by the fire, away from the tents. Those who take part will get a chance to see a different world.”“Isn t it dangerous ” someone asked.“No, it s quite safe,” the officer said. “There are no dangerous animals. Any volunteers ”The kid who d sat next to Alan on the bus volunteered.Alan sat still.Then one of the girls raised her hand.“If a girl could do it, I could, too,” Alan thought. He volunteered. A few more kids raised their hands. Then the officer explained, “This is how it works. When the rest of you go to bed, the first watcher takes his or her place by the fire. The duty of the watcher is to keep the fire going. After thirty minutes, he or she wakes up the next person. Do you still want to volunteer ”Alan nodded but felt a little nervous. Sleeping in a tent with other campers sounded OK, but the idea of being alone in the dark made him afraid. The officer showed the order of the watch.At ten past two in the morning, Alan found himself sitting by the fire, in a great world of darkness. He had never been so afraid. Alan had to turn off his flashlight(手電筒) because he had used it too often. He looked at the stars and the rising moon. It wasn t as dark as he d thought it would be. He took comfort from that and tried to relax a little.Looking around, Alan thought he saw a giant bird flying down through the air and wondered if it was an owl(貓頭鷹). He had seen small paw prints in the sand by the river.注意:續寫詞數應為150個左右。Then there was a noise. Alan felt a rush of excitement. 答案與分層梯度式解析Unit 5 Revealing naturePart 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas基礎過關練Ⅰ.1.名詞;起因,根源 句意:我們需要先弄清問題的根源,然后才能去解決它。2.名詞;嫌疑犯 句意:真丟臉!她兒子是這起案件的殺人嫌疑犯。3.形容詞;遠房的 句意:在一次家庭談話之后,我才發現她實際上是我的遠房表妹。4.動詞;謝絕 句意:晚上,我提出給他們講一個民間故事,但是他們婉言拒絕了。5.名詞;環,圈 句意:例如,大多數食物網都是由許多薄弱環節組成,而不是由幾個強有力的環節組成。6.名詞;偉人,卓越人物 句意:毫無疑問,他是西方文學巨匠之一。Ⅱ.1.Surprisingly 考查副詞。句意:令人驚訝的是,她并沒有對她的行為感到緊張或后悔。設空處的提示詞是形容詞,空后有逗號與句子隔開,故此處應用副詞作狀語,修飾整個句子。2.injured 考查形容詞。句意:受傷的工人現在在醫院得到了很好的照顧。本空修飾名詞workers,故應用形容詞injured,意為“受傷的”。3.warning 考查名詞。句意:當地警方發出警告不要吃在那條河里捕的任何魚。根據空前冠詞a可知,本空應用名詞形式,故填warning,意為“警告”。4.on 考查介詞。句意:那個女孩做了正確的事,所以我們不應該把事故歸咎于她。blame sth. on sb./sth.意為“把某事歸咎于某人/某物”,故用介詞on。易錯歸因 本題容易誤填for,注意blame sb./sth. for sth.“把某事歸咎于某人/某物”與上面提到的blame sth. on sb./sth.的區別,for后接的是所說的事情,on后接的是要責怪的人或物。5.in 考查介詞。句意:公主和她的雙胞胎妹妹在某些方面似乎很像,但她們的性格卻截然不同。in some ways為固定短語,意為“在某些方面”。6.away 考查副詞。句意:令我驚訝的是,兩年半后,熊貓媽媽會把小熊貓趕走。drive...away為固定短語,意為“使……離去”。7.to/with 考查介詞。句意:現在被稱為現代藝術的起源可以與18世紀的社會變革聯系起來。be linked to/with意為“同……有聯系,與……有關”。8.fined 考查非謂語動詞。句意:我不敢相信你因為超速行駛而被罰款,我原以為你是個謹慎的司機。分析句子結構可知,此處考查“get+過去分詞”結構,該用法類似于被動語態。9.is playing 考查時態和主謂一致。句意:老師和學生們現在正在操場上打籃球。as well as意為“和”,名詞后接as well as 連接的短語作主語時,謂語動詞的數和as well as前的名詞保持一致,本題中as well as前面是The teacher,故謂語動詞用單數形式,根據語境可知,此處表示現在正在發生的事情,應用現在進行時。故填is playing。類比啟發 除了as well as外,遵循“就遠原則”的短語還有together with、along with、rather than等。10.had been detected 考查時態和語態。句意:周二,世界衛生組織表示,過去兩個月,在新疆發現了脊髓灰質炎病例。detect表示的動作發生在said之前,表示“過去的過去”,應用過去完成時, the polio cases與detect之間為被動關系,故此處應用過去完成時的被動語態。Ⅲ.1.while his younger brother isn t 2.indicating that everything is fine 3.is good to breathe 4.with his grandson playing 5.is said to have published能力提升練Ⅰ.1.to communicate 考查不定式。句意:一段時間以來,人們已經知道植物使用化學物質來相互交流。由句意可知,此處應用動詞不定式作目的狀語。2.attacked 考查過去分詞。句意:當被昆蟲攻擊時,植物會從正在被吃的葉子中釋放化學物質。此處是When引導的時間狀語從句的省略。 the plant與attack 之間是被動關系,由于主句主語與從句主語一致,從句中含有be動詞,因此可省略從句主語和be動詞。故填attacked。3.are being eaten 考查時態、語態和主謂一致。分析句子可知,空前的that引導定語從句,that指代leaves,表復數,根據語境可知此處指正在被吃的葉子,因此用現在進行時的被動語態形式。4.a 考查冠詞。此處表示泛指,且warning以輔音音素開頭,故填a。5.its 考查代詞。句意:當另一棵植物察覺到這些化學物質時,它開始釋放自己的不同的化學物質。one s own 意為“某人自己的”。此處應用形容詞性物主代詞。6.roots 考查名詞的數。 root在文中意為“根”,為可數名詞,由空前的their可知此處應用復數形式。7.indicating 考查現在分詞。句意:當沒有足夠的水時,有些樹會發出咔嚓聲,表明干旱即將到來。 此處為現在分詞作狀語。8.amazing 考查形容詞。 句意:最令人驚訝的是,植物有一個驚人的交流系統,可以把森林里的幾乎每一棵植物連接起來。根據空前的an和空后的名詞system可知此處應用形容詞,這里表示“驚人的交流系統”,故填amazing。9.which 考查定語從句。句意:它被稱為“樹維網”,在某些方面類似于我們使用的互聯網。設空處無提示詞,逗號前的句子意思完整,不缺成分,空后句子缺少主語,故推測設空處引導非限制性定語從句。先行詞為the “wood wide web”,指物,定語從句中缺少主語,故填which。10.with 考查介詞。句意:利用樹維網,植物可以彼此分享信息甚至食物。share...with...與……分享……。Ⅱ.◎語篇解讀 這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在三江源生態保護區的帶動下,中國正在進行全國范圍的生態保護系統的建設,這將對人類文明的發展和進步有著重要的意義。1.lies 考查倒裝和時態。句意:“中華水塔”三江源就坐落在青藏高原的高處。分析句子可知,本句為倒裝句,主語“China s water tower” Sanjiangyuan為第三人稱單數形式,所填空為本句的謂語動詞,此處表示一般事實,應用一般現在時,故填lies。2.that 考查強調句。句意:正是這三條河流為中國大約一半的人口提供了水源。將句中的It is和設空處刪掉之后,句子剩余部分意思完整,不缺成分,由此推知本題考查強調句型:It is+被強調部分+that/who+句子其余內容.;本句強調the three rivers,故填that。3.at 考查介詞。句意:然而,人類活動正把這個生態系統置于危險之中。put sth. at risk意為“使某物處于危險之中”。4.scheduled 考查過去分詞。句意:該公園計劃于2020年開放,增加了該地區的綠植覆蓋范圍,吸引了更多的野生動物。分析句子可知,句子謂語為has increased,因此設空處應用非謂語動詞;schedule與The park之間為被動關系,應用過去分詞作后置定語。故填scheduled。5.greener 考查形容詞比較級。句意:三江源的成功將標志著更綠色的未來的開始。此處強調與現狀相比,未來更加“綠色環保”,因此設空處應用形容詞比較級。故填greener。6.taking 考查現在分詞。句意:有了三江源的帶頭,在過去的三年里,中國的九個其他地區被一個野外保護站選中來開展項目,這將共同形成一個國家公園系統。分析句子可知,“With Sanjiangyuan 6 (take) the lead”為with的復合結構作狀語,Sanjiangyuan與take之間為主動關系,故此處應用現在分詞作賓補。故填taking。 7.have been chosen 考查時態和語態。分析句子可知,所填空應為謂語,根據時間狀語over the past three years可知應用現在完成時,且choose與nine other regions之間為被動關系,故填have been chosen。8.which 考查非限制性定語從句。設空處無提示詞,空前有逗號且逗號前面的句子意思完整,不缺成分,而空后句子缺少主語,故推測設空處引導非限制性定語從句。“ 8 will form a national park system together”修飾先行詞nine other regions,且先行詞在從句中作主語,應用關系代詞which。 9.its 考查代詞。句意:(建立)國家公園系統的想法在中國還是剛剛開始,但它的實現是迫切的。此處應用形容詞性物主代詞修飾后面的名詞realization。10.importance 考查名詞。句意:畢竟,建設生態文明對人類文明的發展和進步具有重要意義。設空處作動詞bears的賓語,且被great修飾,故應用名詞形式。故填importance。【高頻詞匯】 1.establish vt.建立 2.schedule vt.計劃 3.diversity n.多樣性 4.take the lead帶頭5.conservation n.保護Ⅲ.◎語篇解讀 本文是一篇說明文。一項新的研究發現,螞蟻和植物之間的互動有著悠久的歷史。1.C 細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Other plants get ants to help them move their seeds around, by providing them with rich food packets attached to the seeds.”可知,有些植物在種子上附著食物包是為了讓種子四處移動。故選C。2.B 主旨大意題。根據第二段中的“Plants make a number of different structures that are specific for ant use. (植物上出現的許多不同的結構是專門供螞蟻使用的。)”和“Some ants will just cheat...by providing them with rich food packets attached to the seeds.(有些螞蟻會欺騙,帶著花蜜跑掉,但有些螞蟻會留在周圍,攻擊任何試圖傷害這株植物的東西。其他植物通過給螞蟻提供附著在種子上的豐富的食物包來讓它們幫助移動種子。)”可知,第二段主要介紹的是植物和螞蟻是如何互動的。故選B。3.B 細節理解題。根據第三段中的“But scientists weren t sure how the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants got started.”可知,螞蟻和植物之間這種進化關系是怎么開始的還不確定。故選B。4.C 推理判斷題。通讀全文可知,第一段中的“A new study has found that there is a long history of interactions between ants and plants.”是全文的主旨句。由此推斷出,作者寫這篇文章的目的是告知讀者一項最新的研究結果,故選C。【高頻詞匯】 1.interaction n.互動;相互影響 2.feed on以……為食 3.cheat v.欺騙;欺詐 4.compete for sth.爭奪某物 5.take advantage of利用 6.go back to追溯到【熟詞生義】 arms race n.軍備競賽長難句 原句 The ant will pick up the seed and carry it away, eat the food packet, and leave the seed—often in a nutrient-rich area where it ll grow better, and since it s farther away from its parent, they won t have to compete for resources.分析 本句是由并列連詞and(句中第三個and)連接的并列復合句。第一個分句中含有where引導的定語從句,修飾先行詞a nutrient-rich area;第二個分句中含有since引導的原因狀語從句。譯文 螞蟻會撿起種子,把它帶走,吃掉食物包,然后通常把種子留在一個營養豐富的地方,在那里它會長得更好,因為它離它的父母較遠,所以它們不必爭奪資源。Ⅳ.◎語篇解讀 本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了種植番茄的最佳環境。1.D 根據上文“Light.(光線)”以及后文“In extremely hot conditions...will be severely limited.(在極端炎熱的條件下,早晨的陽光和下午的陰涼就足夠了。雖然這種植物能夠在大部分都是陰涼的地區生長,但其果實產量將受到嚴重限制)”可知,本段主要說明了番茄的生長需要陽光,D項中sun對應后文the morning sunlight,故D項“一般來說,番茄植株需要充足的陽光”符合語境。2.E 根據上文“If it rains less than 25.4 millimeters per week, you need to water them yourself.”可知,上文提到了要自己澆水,本句應當說明自己澆水的注意事項。E項“不過,為預防病害,應避免弄濕葉子”符合語境。3.C 根據后文“Wait until the soil warms in spring before setting out plants. Tomato plants grow well when the temperature is about 25℃. Although they love the sun, when the temperature rises above 40℃, they will stop growing.”可知,后文提到了在25℃左右時,番茄生長良好,以及番茄喜歡陽光,說明番茄喜歡溫暖的天氣。故C項“番茄喜歡溫暖的天氣”符合語境。4.A 根據后文“Tomato plants grow best when fertilized...Apply balanced liquid plant food to them.”可知,本段主要介紹施肥。A項“Fertilizer.(肥料)”對應后文中的fertilized。故A項符合語境。5.G 根據上文“However, removing any side shoots growing between the main stem and a branch is a good idea.”可知,上文提到除去生長在主干和枝干之間的側枝是個好主意,故本句承接上文,應說明這樣做的原因。G項“它們能影響長果實的主干的生長”符合語境。G項中的They指代上文中的side shoots。【高頻詞匯】 1.adaptable adj.能適應的 2.shade n.(樹)蔭;陰涼處→shady adj.陰涼的,背陰的3.sufficient adj.足夠的 4.discourage vt.阻止5.maintain vt.維持,保持 6.prevent...from doing...阻止……做…… 7.apply...to...把……涂抹在……上;把……應用到……上【熟詞生義】 shoot n.新枝;幼苗【差距詞匯】 1.humidity n.濕度 2.fertilize v.給……施肥→fertilizer n.肥料 3.stem n.(花草的)莖;(花或葉的)梗,柄Ⅴ.寫作指導情節線 情感線故事 要素 時間 at night, at ten past two in the morning Alan第一次參加露營活動: 開心、興奮、 有點緊張 報名參與值夜活動: 緊張、害怕 聽到聲音后, Alan害怕嗎 當看到動物后Alan有何心理變化 (提示:激動、興奮)地點 by the fire, in the tent人物 Alan, the other campers, the officer情節 開端 志愿者們輪流留在火堆旁,遠離帳篷。那些參與值夜活動的人將有機會看到一個不同的世界。發展 Alan自愿報名參加了值夜,但他有點緊張和害怕。續寫 方向 Para. 1 然后有一個聲音。(段首句)①聽到聲音后,Alan的心情如何 ②Alan打開手電筒,看到了什么 ③那只發出聲響的動物和Alan有互動嗎 Para. 2 Alan感到一陣興奮。(段首句)①懷著激動的心情,Alan接下來做了什么 ②Alan抓到那只動物了嗎 ③第二天露營者匯報守夜見聞時,大家都說了什么 One possible version:Then there was a noise. Alan s heart beat very fast. Something was out there in the darkness. Alan s mouth went dry. What was it Slowly, he reached for his flashlight. Another sound neared the cooking pots. Alan turned on the flashlight. There was a creamy brown creature with a bone in its mouth. It was about as big as his cat at home, but longer. Alan looked and the creature looked back. Then it was gone.Alan felt a rush of excitement. Had it been real Alan looked around. No more noise. He moved near the pots and saw small dog-like paw prints. Carefully, he used the pots to cover them. Not long after, he woke up the next camper for the night watch and managed to sleep a little. The next morning, the officer asked for reports. One girl said she had seen an owl. Most kids reported hearing noise. “I saw something,” said Alan, and he described it. Then he moved the pots and showed everyone the prints. 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫