資源簡介

Unit 1　 Food for thought
Part 3　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基礎過關練
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1.We should first 　　　　 (確定) where the problem lies before drawing a conclusion.
2.She failed to 　　　　 (抵擋) the temptation to eat popular snacks in the street.
3.Having moved to the United States for decades, the Greens have got used to the c　　　　 of giving presents at Christmas.
Ⅱ.一詞多義
1.On our first morning in Paris, I went to the food market to pick up some groceries. 詞義:　　　　
2.After studying in the UK, he picked up several regional accents.詞義:　　　　
3.Dad and I drove to the city and picked up Dominic from the station.詞義:　　　　
Ⅲ.單句語法填空
1. The palace, belonging 　　　　　 the royal family, is being repaired.
2.My friend recommended a comedy film 　　　　　 me yesterday, and I plan to see it with my mother in a nearby cinema tomorrow.
3.(易錯題)A study found that workers with access to nature felt their jobs were less stressful and more 　　　　　(satisfy).
4.About 89 kilometers of new or upgraded cycle lanes(車道) have been built or are 　　　　　 construction in the city.
5.You had better take an umbrella when you go out 　　　　　 case it rains.
6.Some people tried many ways to lose weight, ending up 　　　　　(gain) weight soon again.
7.I was wondering if you could help us revise a short play 　　　　　(adapt) from our English textbook.
8.The villagers here are very kind and everyone is too ready 　　　　　(help) others.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.令我感到非常滿意的是,那個小男孩擁抱了一下我,然后高興地跑開了。(satisfaction)
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, the little boy gave me a hug and ran away happily.(讀后續寫—動作描寫)
2.因為這是她第一次晚上在野外露營,所以她太害怕了而不敢外出。
She was　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 because it was her first time to camp in the wild at night.(讀后續寫—心理描寫)
3.只有時間能見證人類將如何適應氣候變化的影響。(adapt)
Only time can witness how human beings will 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
4.我想聽聽你們在方便的時候分享一下對在線學習的看法。(一句多譯)
①I would like to hear you share your opinions about online learning when 　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.(convenient)
②I would like to hear you share your opinions about online learning　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.(convenience)
能力提升練
Ⅰ.課文語法填空
We ask five people to open their fridge doors and talk about their lifestyles. Here 　1　(be) their answers.
24-year-old junior doctor Ellie doesn t cook very often. Her fridge is 　2　(usual) half empty and she is often too tired 　3　(eat) much. She often ends up saving part of her meal for the next day.
31-year-old teacher Jenny and her husband avoid all products 　4　 come from animals. Cooking together gives them a chance to relax and catch 　5　 on each other s days.
35-year-old construction worker Ted works at the construction site. He thinks there s nothing 　6　(satisfying) than a big meat dinner when he gets back home after work and that no family meal is complete without some form of meat.
49-year-old chef Mike has a big family with five 　7　(child). He doesn t really do much cooking at home. Once a week, they do a big shop and buy a lot of 　8　(freeze) food.
19-year-old college student Max shares a student house 　9　 four other students. His mum asks him to eat healthily, but he is so busy 　10　(study) and meeting friends that he doesn t buy fresh food.
1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　 6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　
9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　
Ⅱ.語法填空
In northeastern Liaoning Province, winter can be incredibly cold. For months, almost nothing grows in these frozen areas, except for one 　1　 (surprise) product—grapes, which can be made into something special—ice wine. Ice wine 　2　(make) from frozen grapes. The freezing process gives the wine a sweet flavor and makes it much 　3　(strong). Ice wine differs from other wines. It tastes like a raisin.
Here, conditions for making ice wine are 　4　 perfect that a third of the world s ice wine is now produced here. Strict rules mean that the temperature must be at least -8℃ for 24 hours. If not dealt with at once, the grapes could go bad. So, 　5　 (prevent) this from happening, they need to be gathered as soon as the conditions 　6　(be) right.
In the early morning, the villagers are all willing to help. The grapes 　7　(plant) here are called Vidal. As soon as the grapes are picked, they are transported to the wine company—the largest 　8　(produce) in China. Two years later, the wine is ready to be in the bottles, each of 　9　 contains the juice of a 2.5 kilograms of grapes. These bottles will be 　10　 the dinner table across China and even the world.
1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　 6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　
9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　
Ⅲ.閱讀理解
Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight, while the French, who consume rich food, continue to stay thin Now a research by Cornell University suggests how lifestyle and decisions about eating may affect weight. Researchers concluded that the French tend to stop eating when they feel full. However, Americans tend to stop when their plate is empty or their favorite TV show is over.
According to Dr. Joseph Mercola, a health expert, the French see eating as an important part of their lifestyle. They enjoy food and therefore spend a fairly long time at the table, while Americans see eating as something to be squeezed between the other daily activities. Mercola believes Americans lose the ability to sense when they are actually full. So they keep eating long after the French would have stopped. In addition, he points out that Americans drive to huge supermarkets to buy canned and frozen foods for the week. The French, instead, tend to shop daily, walking to small shops and farmers markets where they have a choice of fresh fruits, vegetables, and eggs as well as high-quality meats for each meal.
After a visit to the United States, Mireille Guiliano, author of French Women Don t Get Fat, decided to write about the importance of knowing when to stop rather than suggesting how to avoid food. Today she continues to stay slim and rarely goes to the gym.
In spite of all these differences, evidence shows that recent lifestyle changes may be affecting French eating habits. Today the rate of obesity—or extreme overweight—among adults is only 6%. However, as American fast food gains acceptance and the young reject old traditions, the obesity rate among French children has reached 17%—and is growing.
1.Which is one of the ways that the French are different from Americans according to Dr. Joseph Mercola
A.They go shopping at supermarkets more frequently.
B.They squeeze eating into the other daily activities.
C.They regard eating as a key part of their lifestyle.
D.They usually eat too much canned and frozen food.
2.What is the text mainly about
A.Americans and the French.　　　B.Lifestyle and overweight.
C.Children and adults.　　　D.Fast food and obesity.
3.How is the text mainly developed
A.By comparison.　　　B.By space.　　　C.By time.　　　D.By example.
4.Where does this text probably come from
A.A TV interview.　　　B.A food advertisement.
C.A health report.　　　D.A book review.
Ⅳ.七選五
Do you need to wash rice before cooking Yes, but likely not for the reason you are thinking. Rice is a main food for billions of people in Asia and Africa. 　1　
What do chefs and cooks say
Culinary(烹飪的) experts claim pre-washing rice reduces the amount of starch(淀粉) coming from the rice grains. 　2　 Yet for other dishes such as risottos, paella and rice puddings (where you need a sticky and creamy effect), washing should be avoided.
Is there evidence that washing rice makes it less sticky
A recent study compared the effect of washing on the stickiness and hardness of three different sorts of rice. The three sorts were glutinous rice, medium grain rice and jasmine rice. 　3　 Contrary to(與……相反) what chefs tell you, this study showed the washing process had no effect on the stickiness or hardness of the rice.
　4　
Traditionally rice is washed to be free of dust, insects, little stones and bits of husks. This may still be important for some regions of the world where the processing is not as careful, and may provide peace of mind for others.
　5　 The washing process has been shown to wash away up to 20% of the plastics from uncooked rice. From this point of view, washing rice is still necessary.
A.You may still want to wash your rice, though.
B.So, it s the sorts of rice that are important to the stickiness.
C.For some people, washing rice has a smaller impact on their health.
D.Washing is suggested for some dishes when separated grains are needed.
E.The rice was either not washed at all, washed three times, or ten times.
F.But the question is whether you should wash your rice before cooking.
G.Recently, microplastics(微塑料) have been found in our food, including rice.
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
答案與分層梯度式解析
Unit 1　 Food for thought
Part 3　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基礎過關練
Ⅰ.1.identify　2.resist　3.custom
Ⅱ.1.購買　句意:我們在巴黎的第一個早晨,我去食品市場買了些食品雜貨。
2.學會　句意:去英國學習后,他學會了幾種地方口音。
3.(開車)接人　句意:我和爸爸開車去了那個城市,從車站接了多米尼克。
Ⅲ.1.to　考查介詞。句意:這座屬于王室的宮殿正在修繕中。belong to意為“屬于”,其中to為介詞。
2.to　考查介詞。句意:我的朋友昨天給我推薦了一部喜劇電影,我打算明天和我媽媽一起去附近的電影院觀看它。recommend sth. to sb.向某人推薦某物。
3.satisfying/satisfactory　考查形容詞。句意:一項研究發現,有機會接觸大自然的員工覺得他們的工作壓力更小,更令人滿意。分析句子結構可知,設空處與形容詞stressful為and連接的并列成分,作系動詞were的表語,則設空處也應用形容詞;由句意可知設空處表示“令人滿意的”,故填satisfying或satisfactory。
易錯歸因
此題易混淆形容詞satisfying和satisfied,原因是分不清-ing形容詞和-ed形容詞的用法。satisfying多用來形容事物的性質,意為“令人滿意的”;satisfied多用來形容人的感受,意為“滿意的”。
4.under　考查介詞。句意:該市大約有八十九千米的新自行車車道或升級的自行車車道已經建成或正在建設當中。under construction為固定搭配,意為“在建造中,在施工中”。故填under。
類比啟發
be under construction=be being constructed,意為“正在建設中”。類似的還有:be under discussion(=be being discussed)正在討論中。
5.in　考查介詞。句意:你出去時最好帶把傘以防下雨。in case以防。
6.gaining　考查動名詞。句意:有些人嘗試了許多減肥的方法,最終體重很快又增加了。end up doing sth.意為“最終做某事;以做某事告終”,故本空應用動名詞作賓語。
7.adapted　考查過去分詞。句意:我想知道您是否可以幫我們修改一下改編自我們的英語教科書的短劇。句中“if you...textbook”為if引導的賓語從句,賓語從句中could help為謂語,因此設空處應用非謂語動詞。結合句意可知設空處作后置定語修飾play, be adapted from...為固定搭配,意為“改編自……”,則play與adapt之間為邏輯上的被動關系,因此用過去分詞作定語。故填adapted。
8.to help　考查動詞不定式。句意:這里的村民非常友好,每個人都非常樂意幫助別人。在“too...to do sth.”結構中,若too后是表示某種心情或傾向的形容詞,如ready、kind、anxious、delighted等,該結構往往不表示否定意義,而表示肯定。此處用too ready to help others表示“非常愿意幫助別人”,符合語境。
Ⅳ.1.To my great satisfaction/Much to my satisfaction　2.too scared to go out　3.adapt to the effects/influence of climate change　4.①it is convenient for you　②at your convenience
能力提升練
Ⅰ.1.are　考查時態和主謂一致。句意:這是他們的回答。本句為完全倒裝句,主語為their answers,本空為謂語動詞,應用復數形式。由前一句及語境可知此處是一般敘述,應用一般現在時,故填are。
2.usually　考查副詞。句意:她的冰箱通常是半空的,而且她經常累得吃不下太多東西。本空作狀語,應用副詞形式。
3.to eat　考查不定式。句意同上。too...to do...意為“太……而不能做……”,故本空應用不定式形式。
4.that　考查定語從句。句意:31歲的老師珍妮和她的丈夫避開所有來自動物的產品。設空處無提示詞,空前為名詞,空后部分缺少主語,由此推斷設空處引導定語從句。先行詞為products,關系詞在從句中作主語,指物,又因先行詞products前有all修飾,故本空應用關系代詞that。
5.up　考查固定短語。句意:一起做飯給了他們一個放松和了解彼此的一天的機會。catch up意為“打聽(不在時所發生的事情);別后敘談”,為固定短語,符合語境,故填up。
6.more satisfying　考查形容詞的比較級。句意:他認為下班回家后沒有什么比一頓豐盛的肉食晚餐更令人滿意了……。根據空前的there s nothing和空后的than可知,本空應用比較級形式,否定詞與比較級連用表示最高級含義。
7.children　考查名詞復數。根據空前的with和five可知,本空應用名詞復數形式作with的賓語。
8.frozen　考查形容詞。句意:他們一周大購物一次,買許多冷凍的食物。本空修飾名詞food,應用形容詞形式;空處表示“冷凍的”,故用frozen。
易錯歸因
此處容易誤填成freezing。雖然freezing也是形容詞,但它的意思是“極冷的,冰凍的”,不符合此處語境。例:We worked outside in freezing conditions.我們在戶外天寒地凍的環境下工作。
9.with　考查介詞。此處表示Max與其他四個學生同住一套學生公寓,share sth. with sb.為固定搭配,意為“與某人共用某物”,符合語境,故用with。
10.studying　考查動名詞。be busy doing sth.意為“忙于做某事”。
Ⅱ.◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了遼寧省東北部特殊的寒冷天氣為制作冰葡萄酒提供了適宜的條件。
1.surprising　考查形容詞。該空修飾名詞product,應用形容詞作定語,且此處修飾物,表示“令人驚訝的”,所以填surprising。
類比啟發
-ing形容詞常修飾物,表示“令人……的”;-ed形容詞常修飾人,表示“(人)感到……的”。如:exciting令人興奮的,excited(人感到)興奮的;satisfying令人滿意的,satisfied(人感到)滿意的。
2.is made　考查時態、語態和主謂一致。設空處為本句的謂語,本句表示冰葡萄酒是由冰凍的葡萄制成的,描述客觀事實,應用一般現在時;Ice wine和make之間是被動關系,應用被動語態;主語是Ice wine,謂語動詞應用第三人稱單數形式,所以填is made。be made from...意為“由……制成”。
3.stronger　考查形容詞的比較級。本句中and連接并列謂語gives和makes, and后使用了“make+賓語+賓補”結構,it是賓語,設空處作賓補。空前有much修飾,結合語境可知此處指使冰葡萄酒更烈,空處應用形容詞作賓補;much修飾比較級,所以填stronger。
4.so　考查固定結構。此處指這里制作冰葡萄酒的條件太完美了,以至于現在世界上三分之一的冰葡萄酒都是在這里生產的。so...that...是固定結構,意為“如此……以至于……”,所以填so。
5.to prevent　考查動詞不定式。此處指為了防止這種情況發生,人們需要在條件合適時馬上采摘葡萄。由語境可知空處表示“為了防止”,作目的狀語,應用不定式,所以填to prevent。
6.are　考查時態和主謂一致。as soon as引導時間狀語從句,設空處是從句的謂語;主句謂語是need,且此處表示一般情況,則從句也應用一般現在時;從句主語the conditions是復數形式,謂語動詞也應用復數,所以填are。
7.planted　考查過去分詞。句中已有謂語are called,設空處應用非謂語動詞,作定語修飾The grapes;此處表示“被種植的葡萄”,The grapes與plant之間是邏輯上的被動關系,應用過去分詞作定語,所以填planted。
8.producer　考查名詞。由語境和空前的the largest可知,設空處應填名詞producer,表示“生產者,制造商”。
9.which　考查定語從句。設空處無提示詞,句中第二個逗號前邊內容意思完整,不缺成分,前后內容之間無連詞,由此推測設空處起連接作用。結合語境可知此處指“每瓶都含有2.5千克的葡萄榨出的果汁(each of the bottles contains the juice of a 2.5 kilograms of grapes)”,由此可知“each of 　9　”是“代詞+介詞+關系代詞”結構,引導非限制性定語從句,先行詞為the bottles,故用關系代詞which。
10.on　考查介詞。此處指這些瓶子將出現在中國乃至世界的餐桌上。表示“在餐桌上”應用介詞on。
【高頻詞匯】　1.except for除了……以外　2.process n.過程　3.at least至少　4.transport v.運輸,運送
【差距詞匯】　raisin n.葡萄干
Ⅲ.◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了美國人和法國人生活方式的不同以及他們的生活方式與肥胖之間的關系。
1.C　細節理解題。根據文章第二段第一句“According to Dr. Joseph Mercola...the French see eating as an important part of their lifestyle.”可知,根據Joseph Mercola博士的說法,法國人與美國人的一個不同的方面是法國人認為飲食是他們生活方式的重要組成部分。故選C。
2.B　主旨大意題。文章開頭提出問題:為什么美國人努力關注體重,而吃油膩食物的法國人卻能保持苗條呢 由此引出話題,并展開討論。文章第一段后兩句提到研究人員進行了總結,法國人傾向于在吃飽時停止進餐,而美國人傾向于在他們的盤子空了時或者電視節目結束時才停止進餐,由此可知兩個國家飲食方式不同。后幾段主要討論了法國人和美國人的生活方式的不同以及他們的生活方式與肥胖之間的關系,并通過研究者的觀點和調查結果進行證明。綜上所述,本文主要講生活方式和超重的問題。故選B。
3.A　推理判斷題。文章第一段第一句講到“為什么美國人努力關注體重,而吃油膩食物的法國人卻能保持苗條呢 ”,通過對比引出話題,而且文章大部分內容是拿法國人和美國人作比較來闡述生活方式和肥胖的關系,因此,本文主要通過對比的寫作方式來闡述問題。故選A。
4.C　推理判斷題。文章最后一段在介紹生活方式與肥胖的關系時運用了很多調查數據結果,且本文主要討論了法國人和美國人生活方式的不同及他們的生活方式與肥胖之間的關系,故推測這篇文章來源于一份健康報告。故選C。
【高頻詞匯】　1.consume v.吃,喝;消費;消耗　2.tend to 傾向于　3.fairly adv.相當地　4.high-quality adj.高質量的　5.slim adj.苗條的　6.in spite of 盡管
【差距詞匯】　1.squeeze v.(使)擠入;擠壓　2.obesity n.過度肥胖
Ⅳ.◎語篇解讀　這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了煮飯前是否需要洗米,并針對洗米對米的黏性和硬度是否有影響進行了介紹。
1.F　過渡句。由上文“做飯前你需要洗米嗎 是的,但可能不是因為你想的那樣”可知,本文介紹的是做飯前洗米的問題。結合空前的“Rice is a main food for billions of people in Asia and Africa.”以及選項可知F項“但問題是做飯前你是否應該洗你的米”能承接上文,符合文意,且本空位于第一段末尾,起引出文章話題的作用,F項提出“煮飯前是否應洗米”這一問題,下文對這一問題進行了介紹。由此可知F項承上啟下,符合語境,故選F。
2.D　細節句。由空后文“Yet for other dishes such as...washing should be avoided.”可知,空后文說的是什么菜肴不適合預先洗米。結合選項可知D項“對于一些需要分離的米粒的菜肴,建議清洗米”符合語境,與空后文構成對比關系,說明什么樣的菜肴需要洗米,且D項的句式與空后句對應,D項中的“Washing is suggested”與空后的“washing should be avoided”對應,D項中的“for some dishes”與空后的“Yet for other dishes”對應。故選D。
3.E　細節句。由上文“最近的一項研究比較了洗滌對三種不同類型大米的黏性和硬度的影響。這三種類型分別是糯米、中粒米和茉莉香米”及選項可知,E項“這些米要么根本不洗,要么洗三次,要么洗十次”能承接上文,具體說明在該研究中是怎么洗這三種米的,符合文意。E項中的“The rice”與空前的“The three sorts”相對應。故選E。
4.A　過渡句。由上一段最后一句“Contrary to what chefs tell you, this study showed the washing process had no effect on the stickiness or hardness of the rice.”可知,研究結果與廚師說的不一樣,洗滌過程對大米的黏性或硬度沒有影響。結合選項可知,A項“不過,你可能還是想洗你的米”能承接上文,用though與上文構成轉折,同時引出后面兩段對洗米的必要性的介紹,承上啟下,符合語境。故選A。
5.G　細節句。由下文“The washing process has been shown...washing rice is still necessary.(洗滌過程已被證明可以從生米中沖走高達20%的塑料。從這個角度來看,洗米仍然是必要的。)”可知,下文提到了塑料,G項“最近,在我們的食物,包括大米中發現了微塑料”與下文話題一致,說的是大米與塑料的相關情況,能引起下文,符合文意。故選G。
【高頻詞匯】　1.claim v.聲稱　2.avoid v.避免
3.medium adj.中等的;中號的　4.traditionally adv.傳統上　5.up to多達,高達　6.point of view考慮角度;觀點;態度;意見;看法
【差距詞匯】　1.sticky adj.黏(性)的　stickiness n.黏性
2.husk n.外殼,外皮　3.uncooked adj.未煮過的;生的
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