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UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE
五年高考練
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
(2023新課標Ⅱ,A)
　　Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park, and throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer.
Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)
Whether you re hiking a backcountry trail(小徑), camping, or just enjoying the park s amazing wildlife from the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store.
Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)
Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center.
Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)
From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon(峽谷) while learning about the area s natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.
Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10)
Enhance your photography skills—join Yellowstone s park photographer for a hands-on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.
6/19—Waterfalls & Wide Angles:meet at Artist Point.
7/10—Wildflowers & White Balance:meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.
1.Which of the four programs begins the earliest
A.Photography Workshops.　　　
B.Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.
C.Canyon Talks at Artist Point.　　　
D.Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.
2.What is the short talk at Artist Point about
A.Works of famous artists.　　　B.Protection of wild animals.
C.Basic photography skills.　　　D.History of the canyon area.
3.Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop
A.Artist Point.　　　B.Washburn Trailhead.　　　
C.Canyon Village Store.　　　D.Visitor Education Center.
高考詞匯站
派生/合成詞匯
1.describe v.描述→　　　　 n.描述　　　　　　
2.amaze v.使吃驚→　　　　 adj.令人驚喜的
3.class n.班,課,階級→　　　　 adj.傳統的,經典的
4.photograph n.照片→　　　　 n.攝影師→　　　　 n.攝影
5.create v.創造→　　　　 adj.有創造力的
6.throughout prep.　　　　　　　
7.backcountry n.　　　　 　　　
8.workshop n.　　　　
9.viewpoint n.　　　　　　　
10.platform n.　　　　　　　
11.waterfall n.　　　　
Ⅱ.語法填空
(2022新高考Ⅰ)
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). 　1　(cover) an area about three times 　2　 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 　3　(be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 　4　(increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP　5　(design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity(原真性) and integrity of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 　6　 leaving behind precious natural assets(資產) for future generations”. The GPNP s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 　7　(population) and homes of giant pandas, and 　8　(eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve　9　 an umbrella species, bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 　10　 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　　 6.　　　　　　　7.　　　　　　　8.　　　　　　　9.　　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
高考詞匯站
派生/合成詞匯
1.final adj.最后的→　　　　 v.最終確定(計劃、協議等)
2.significance n.重要性→　　　　 adj.相當數量的
3.previous adj.先前的→　　　　 adv.先前
4.effective adj.有效的→　　　　 n.有效性
5.consistency n.一致性→　　　　 n.不一致
6.manage v.管理→　　　　 n.管理
7.official adj.官方的 n.官員→　　　　 adv.官方地
8.diverse adj.多種多樣的→　　　　 n.多樣性
9.connective adj.連接的→　　　　 n.連接
10.southwestern adj.　　　　　　　　　　
11.northwestern adj.　　　　
熟詞生義
12.pilot adj.　　　
13.host n.　　　
14.range n.　　　　
答案與分層梯度式解析
Ⅰ.◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了黃石國家公園在今年夏天提供的四個護林員項目。
1.D　細節理解題。根據題干關鍵詞begins the earliest可定位到四個項目開始的時間,對比可知,Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone從五月份開始,其余三個項目都從六月份開始,故選D。
2.D　細節理解題。根據題干關鍵詞the short talk at Artist Point可定位到第三個項目中的最后一句,this short talk指上文提到的內容。根據“...while learning about the area s natural and human history.”可知,這個講座是關于這個區域的歷史的。故選 D。
3.B　細節理解題。根據題干關鍵詞 the July 10 photography workshop可定位到第四個項目。根據“...meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.”可知,B項正確。
【高考詞匯站】　1.description　2.amazing　3.classic　4.photographer;photography　5.creative　6.遍及　7.偏僻地區　8.講習班　9.觀點　10.平臺　11.瀑布
Ⅱ.◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹為了保護以大熊貓為核心的生物多樣性,我國最終敲定了設立大熊貓國家公園的計劃。
1.Covering　考查非謂語動詞。句意:占地面積約為黃石國家公園的三倍,大熊貓國家公園將成為中國首批國家公園之一。因句子主語與cover之間為主動關系,設空處應用現在分詞作狀語,故填Covering。
2.the　考查冠詞。句意同上。設空處為定冠詞,表特指。英語中倍數的表達方式:倍數+the+度量詞+of, 故填the。
3.were　考查動詞時態和主謂一致。句意:這項計劃將把保護范圍擴大到大量以前未受保護的地區,這樣會把許多現有的大熊貓保護區納入一個管理部門,以提高效率,減少管理上的不一致性。設空處為that引導的定語從句中的謂語動詞。由于句中出現了previously(先前)可知時態為一般過去時,定語從句中的引導詞that代替先行詞areas,在從句中作主語,所以應用復數形式,故填were。
4.to increase　考查非謂語動詞。句意同上。設空處為不定式作目的狀語,故填to increase。
5.is designed　考查動詞時態、語態和主謂一致。此處表示:大熊貓國家公園的設計體現了……的指導原則。設空處為句子的謂語動詞,由于大熊貓國家公園是被設計出來的,故用被動語態。此處為一般性的敘述(公園設計的原則),故用一般現在時。主語是單數,故填is designed。
6.and　考查連詞。句意:大熊貓國家公園的設計體現了“保護自然生態系統的真實性和完整性,保護生物多樣性,保護生態緩沖區,為子孫后代留下寶貴的自然資產”的指導原則。設空處為并列連詞,連接前后的動名詞結構,均為第一個介詞of的賓語。
7.populations　考查名詞。句意:大熊貓國家公園的主要目標是改善大熊貓不同種群和棲息地之間的聯系,最終達到預期的野生大熊貓數量水平。設空處為separate(不同的)所修飾的名詞,根據句意以及后文的homes可知這里也填復數形式。
8.eventually　考查副詞。句意同上。設空處修飾動詞achieve,故填eventually。
9.as　考查介詞。句意:大熊貓也是一種保護傘物種,為中國西南和西北地區的許多動植物帶來保護。此處為固定搭配serve as...(擔任……,充當……;起……的作用),故填as。
10.that　考查定語從句。句意:大熊貓國家公園旨在為生活在大熊貓分布區內的所有物種提供更有力的保護,并顯著改善該地區的生態系統健康。設空處引導定語從句,它代替先行詞the species,在從句中作主語。由于先行詞the species前有all,故填that。
【高考詞匯站】　1.finalize　2.significant　3.previously
4.effectiveness　5.inconsistency　6.management
7.officially　8.diversity　9.connectivity　10.西南的　11.西北的　12.試驗性的　13.許多　14.生長區;分布區
長難句
原句　The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
分析　本句為主從復合句。that引導定語從句,修飾先行詞areas,“bringing...”為非謂語動詞短語作結果狀語。
譯文　這項計劃將把保護范圍擴大到大量以前未受保護的地區,這樣會把許多現有的大熊貓保護區納入一個管理部門,以提高效率,減少管理上的不一致性。
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