資源簡介

UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE
Part 1　TOPIC TALK
基礎過關練
Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1.He was stressed when he gave his　　　　(演講).
2.At the age of fifteen,the boy began to study 　　　　(風景) painting.
3.　　　　(洪水) have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades.
4.These include encountering 　　　　(野生動植物), walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail.
5.From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand 　　　　(氣候) change and its effects.
6.Students can predict what a passage is about from its t　　　　 at the beginning of the passage.
Ⅱ.一詞多義
1.They are trying to study how living things work.
詞性:　　　　 詞義:　　　　
2.It was very difficult for them to make a living in London at first.詞性:　　　　 詞義:　　　　
3.His friends crowded into his room and sang “Happy Birthday”.
詞性:　　　　 詞義:　　　　
4.Crowds of people rushed into his office and applied for the job.
詞性:　　　　 詞義:　　　　
Ⅲ.選詞填空
turn one's back on; be covered with; as a result; in the face of
1.The path to Dawson　　　　　　 three-foot thick wet snow.
2.How can you　　　　　　 me when I am in difficulty
3.Perhaps you have great intentions, but they may break　　　　　　 reality.
4.　　　　　　, people will eat more food to try to make up for what is missing.
Ⅳ.單句語法填空
1.From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural　　　　　(disaster) around the world.
2.You can have an idea worth　　　　　(million) of dollars.
3.They are trying to get more information about the volcano by observing the　　　　　(erupt) on October 17, 2021.
4.These　　　　　(comment) came in response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
5.After they arrived, they were shocked　　　　　(find) the castle was in ruins.
6.Most of the English learners live in places　　　　　 English is not the main language.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1.他拒絕接受我們的幫助,這使我們感到震驚。(shock n.)
It 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 to us that he refused to accept our help.
2.透過她的房間的窗戶,他發現里面堆滿了書。
He looked through the window of her room and found it　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　. (讀后續寫—場景描寫)
能力提升練
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
While riding hard on a bike, do you feel like you are protecting the planet Or do you just feel out of breath In fact, cycling is now considered one of the best weapons mankind can use in the fight against climate change.
The United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution(決議) in March supporting bicycles as a tool for dealing with climate change. The resolution calls on member states to “add the bicycle to public transportation, in the city and countryside, in developing and developed countries”, with all 193 members of the UN agreeing with the resolution.
The decision has received positive comments from different groups in support of cycling and environmental awareness internationally. “It's an important step toward the recognition of cycling as an important means of transport,” said the European Cyclists' Federation.
The resolution from the UN comes at a time when climate change has returned to the center of the world's attention. On February 28, the UN published a new report assessing(評估) recent climate change trends(趨勢). The report warns that the world's average temperature will rise by 1.5℃ above pre-industrial levels(1850-1900), with more than 40% of the world's population being “easily affected” by these temperature changes.
Cycling is an environmentally friendly means of transport. Choosing to take a bike instead of a vehicle just once a day can reduce a person's carbon emission(碳排放) from transport by 67 percent, according to the research by the University of Oxford. The research also found that cyclists produced 84 percent lower CO2 emissions from all daily travel than non-cyclists.
Cycling has grown in popularity as people who take public transport to work wish to stay away from crowded public transport and also like taking any opportunity to exercise. In May 2020, bike sales in Spain increased 22 times compared with 2019. In London, large parts of the city are being closed off to cars so that people can walk and cycle safely.
More importantly, the resolution focuses on bike-sharing services, which can be seen as recognition of China's bike-sharing success, noted CGTN. China has some of the largest bike-sharing systems in the world. This means of transport that produces zero emissions reduces the amount of CO2 sent out into the atmosphere(大氣層) by 4.8 million tons every year, according to a 2020 report from the World Resources Institute.
1.What is the resolution aimed at
A.Winning all member states' support.　　　
B.Making bicycles part of public transport.
C.Dealing with the problem of climate change.　　　
D.Making people healthier and more athletic.
2.What leads to the popularity of the resolution according to the text
A.The whole world's attention on climate change.　　　
B.Cycling is encouraged in numerous countries.
C.China's success in bike-sharing systems.　　　
D.More people wish to exercise more.
3.Why is cycling considered one of the best weapons in the fight against climate change
A.It gets people to exercise and stay healthy.
B.It can largely reduce our carbon footprint.
C.It can reduce the influence of the pandemic(流行病).
D.It helps us stay away from crowded public transport.
4.What would be the best title for the text
A.Cycling to improve health　　　
B.Cycling is a climate change solution
C.Why is cycling so important 　　　
D.A new resolution by the UN
Ⅱ.完形填空
It was June a few years ago right around the summer solstice(夏至), the longest day of the year. A few weeks earlier the first fireflies(螢火蟲) had appeared　1　 on and off in the woods around my house and the grass in my backyard. What a 　2　 it was to see them again! Their little lights made me smile with delight and I thanked 　3　 for them.
Now as the daylight was starting to　4　, I saw out of my window some of children in the neighborhood trying to 　5　 the slow-moving glowing fireflies. One of the girls went inside and came back with a clear, glass bottle. After 　6　 a few fireflies without success she 　7　 caught one.
All the other children gathered around to　8　 it shining on and off inside the bottle. Soon 　9　 started to fall and one of the children's mom walked over to them and told them it was time to 　10　 the firefly. One of the girls didn't agree but the mom 　11　 that the firefly would die if left in the bottle. Then she said something that still stays in my 　12　 to this day: “It is time to let this little guy go so he can 　13　 his light!”
I　14　 when I was a child, we all used to sing the song, “This little light of mine, I'm going to let it shine!” But as adults we find it 　15　 to do so.
1.A.hiding　　　B.saving
C.shining　　　D.receiving
2.A.joke　　　B.joy　　　C.dream　　　D.pity
3.A.nature　　　B.luck
C.neighbors　　　D.friends
4.A.move　　　B.rise
C.spread　　　D.disappear
5.A.touch　　　B.catch　　　C.drive　　　D.train
6.A.running after　　　B.looking into
C.giving away　　　D.turning to
7.A.patiently　　　B.clearly
C.secretly　　　D.finally
8.A.keep　　　B.protect　　　C.watch　　　D.show
9.A.darkness　　　B.fear
C.interest　　　D.rain
10.A.control　　　B.free
C.change　　　D.feed
11.A.realized　　　B.agreed
C.reported　　　D.explained
12.A.book　　　B.direction　　　C.mind　　　D.hand
13.A.share　　　B.discover
C.celebrate　　　D.collect
14.A.imagine　　　B.consider
C.regret　　　D.remember
15.A.common　　　B.hard
C.necessary　　　D.good
答案與分層梯度式解析
基礎過關練
Ⅰ.1.lecture　2.landscape　3.Floods　4.wildlife
5.climate　6.title
Ⅱ.1.形容詞;活的　句意:他們正在努力研究生物是如何工作的。living things生物。
2.名詞;生計　句意:起初對他們而言在倫敦謀生太難了。
3.動詞;大批涌入(狹小的空間)　句意:他的朋友涌進他的房間,唱“祝你生日快樂”。
4.名詞;人群　句意:成群的人沖進他的辦公室,申請那份工作。
Ⅲ.1.was covered with　2.turn your back on　3.in the face of　4.As a result
Ⅳ.1.disasters　考查名詞復數。前面有修飾語7,348,因此此處用名詞的復數形式。句意:2000年至2019年,全世界共發生了7,348起重大自然災害。
2.millions　考查固定短語。此處millions of... 意為“數百萬的……”。
3.eruption　考查名詞。分析句子可知,設空處作賓語,空前為定冠詞the,因此填名詞eruption。句意:他們試圖通過觀察2021年10月17日的噴發來了解更多關于這個火山的信息。
4.comments　考查名詞復數。句意:這些評論是對當地新聞記者經常提出的特定問題的回應。根據句意及空前的These的提示可知此處用名詞復數。comment評論;意見;批評。
5.to find　考查動詞不定式。句意:他們到達之后,震驚地發現城堡已經成為廢墟。be shocked to do...表示“因做……而感到震驚”。
6.where　考查定語從句。句意:大多數英語學習者生活在英語不是主要語言的地方。分析句子結構可知此處為定語從句,先行詞為地點名詞places,設空處在從句中作地點狀語,所以用關系副詞where。
Ⅴ.1.came as a shock　2.was crowded with books
能力提升練
Ⅰ.◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了騎自行車有助于解決氣候變化問題。
1.C　細節理解題。題干中的關鍵詞為resolution,根據第二段第一句“...supporting bicycles as a tool for dealing with climate change.”可知,決議的目的是應對氣候變化問題。故選C。
2.A　推理判斷題。根據第四段第一句可知,聯合國的這項決議出臺之際,氣候變化已重新成為世界關注的焦點。由此可推知,全世界都在關注氣候變化,使得決議很受歡迎。故選A。
3.B　細節理解題。根據第五段第二、三句可知,選擇每天騎自行車而不是開車可以減少一個人67%的交通碳排放量,騎自行車的人在日常出行中產生的二氧化碳排放量比不騎自行車的人低84%。由此可知,騎自行車可以大大減少我們的碳足跡。故選B。
4.B　主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其是第一段最后一句可知,騎自行車現在被認為是人類對抗氣候變化的最佳武器之一。由此可知,這篇文章主要介紹騎自行車有助于解決氣候變化問題,因此最佳標題是“騎自行車是氣候變化問題的解決方案”。故選B。
【高頻詞匯】　1.deal with處理,應付　2.transportation n.交通　3.awareness n.意識;知道;認識　4.recognition n.承認;認可;認出;贊譽　5.means n.方式;方法;途徑
6.average adj.平均的;典型的;正常的　7.popularity n.流行　8.opportunity n.機會;時機　9.focus on...關注……;聚焦于……
【熟詞生義】　note v.指出,特別提到
【差距詞匯】　federation n.聯合會;聯盟
長難句
原句　Cycling has grown in popularity as people who take public transport to work wish to stay away from crowded public transport and also like taking any opportunity to exercise.
分析　本句為主從復合句。as引導原因狀語從句,在原因狀語從句中,who引導定語從句,修飾先行詞people。
譯文　騎自行車越來越受歡迎,因為乘坐公共交通工具上班的人希望遠離擁擠的公共交通工具,還喜歡利用任何機會鍛煉。
Ⅱ.◎語篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。本文講述在夏季的一個晚上,孩子們在室外捉螢火蟲,一個小女孩將捉到的一只螢火蟲放進瓶子里,后來一位母親出來,告訴孩子們放了螢火蟲,讓它分享它的光。
1.C　根據上文“the first fireflies had appeared”和第三段中的“shining on and off”可知,螢火蟲出現了,斷斷續續地發著光。故選C。
2.B　根據下文“Their little lights made me smile with delight”可知,再次見到它們是一件讓人很高興的事。故選B。
3.A　根據常識可知螢火蟲來自大自然,所以應該是因為它們而感謝大自然。故選A。
4.D　下文出現了“slow-moving glowing fireflies”,所以此處是指日光開始消失。日光開始消失,發光的螢火蟲才能被看到。故選D。move移動;rise上升;spread傳播;disappear消失。
5.B　根據下文“caught one”可知孩子們是在捉螢火蟲。故選B。
6.A　根據語境可知孩子們想捉到螢火蟲,所以要追趕它們。run after追趕;look into調查;give away贈送;turn to向……求助。故選A。
7.D　根據下文“All the other children gathered around to　8　 it shining on and off inside the bottle.”可知,其中的一個小女孩兒最后抓到了一只。故選D。
8.C　根據語境可知,孩子們聚集在一起是要觀看螢火蟲在瓶子里斷斷續續地發光。故選C。
9.A　上文提到日光開始消失,此處“Soon　9　 started to fall”是在接著描寫時間,所以這里應該是夜幕開始降臨。故選A。darkness黑暗。
10.B　此題可以和11題一起解出。下文提到其中的一個女孩不同意,而“the firefly would die if left in the bottle”是媽媽在解釋,由媽媽解釋的內容可以得知媽媽是要孩子們把螢火蟲放了。故本題選B,11題選D。free釋放;使自由。
11.D　解析見上題。realize意識到;agree同意;report報告;explain解釋。
12.C　作者在下文提到了那位媽媽說的話,所以此處表示那位媽媽說的話直到今天仍留在作者的腦海里。故選C。
13.A　此處說的是“是時候讓這個小家伙飛走了,這樣它就能夠分享它的光了”。故選A。
14.D　根據下文“when I was a child...”可知是記得小時候的事情。故選D。imagine想象;consider考慮;regret后悔;remember記得。
15.B　根據上文“when I was a child, we all used to sing the song, ‘This little light of mine, I'm going to let it shine!’”可知,當作者還是個孩子的時候,他們經常唱這首歌:“我的這盞小燈,我要讓它發光”,But前后內容在意思上是轉折關系,所以作為成年人,作者覺得很難做到這一點。故選B。
【高頻詞匯】　1.delight n.高興　2.neighborhood n.居住區;社區;鄰近的地方　3.gather v.聚集;集合　4.turn to...向……求助
【熟詞生義】　fall v.(夜色或黑暗)降臨
【差距詞匯】　1.glow v.發出微弱而穩定的光　2.on and off 斷斷續續地;不時地
長難句
原句　One of the girls didn't agree but the mom explained that the firefly would die if left in the bottle.
分析　該句為并列復合句。but連接兩個并列分句,在第二個分句中,that引導賓語從句,該賓語從句中又包含if引導的條件狀語從句的省略形式,省略了主語the firefly和was。
譯文　其中一個女孩兒不同意,但那個媽媽解釋說,如果把這只螢火蟲留在瓶子里,它會死的。
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