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專題18 短文填空
考點(diǎn)1 語法填空
（2025·河北·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或填入括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
There is a special jug (罐) on our kitchen table. I put some small pieces of paper and a pen next 1 the jug. Anyone in my family is free to write down something good that has happened 2 (recent). With pieces of paper in it, the jug 3 (call)”Good Things Jug”.
Many good things happen in a year. At 4 end of the year, we get together to empty the jug. We take 5 (turn) to read the “Good Things” aloud. Some of the things are 6 (interest), some are serious, and some just give hope.
Over the past twelve 7 (month), there have been many difficult things in our family. Noticing the “Good Things” has helped us go through the hard time. Here 8 (be) a few things from the “Good Things Jug”:
“Jim 9 I went camping with our parents. There we 10 (teach) my pet cat how to clap (拍) with his feet.”
“With my parents’ care, I was well again after a serious illness. I’m so 11 (thank) to my parents for their love. It’s the best thing on earth!”
“Dad got a better job today!”
Our “Good Things Jug” is full 12 love, hope and happiness. The little messages remind 13 (we) that we can always expect good things to come, even during difficult times. Therefore, I encourage you 14 (create) your “Good Things Jug” today. I am sure it 15 (make) a big difference in your future life.
【答案】
1．to 2．recently 3．is called 4．the 5．turns 6．interesting 7．months 8．a(chǎn)re 9．a(chǎn)nd 10．taught 11．thankful 12．of 13．us 14．to create 15．will make
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了一個(gè)家庭通過“好事罐”記錄生活中的美好瞬間，幫助他們?cè)诶щy時(shí)期保持積極心態(tài)的故事。
1．句意：我在罐子旁邊放了一些小紙片和一支筆。根據(jù)“next”可知，此處需要介詞表示“在……旁邊”，固定搭配“next to”。故填to。
2．句意：家里的任何人都可以寫下最近發(fā)生的好事。根據(jù)“has happened”可知，此處需要副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，recent的副詞形式是recently。故填recently。
3．句意：里面有紙片，這個(gè)罐子被稱為“好事罐”。根據(jù)“the jug”和“Good Things Jug”可知，此處是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，表示“被稱作”，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)“is called”。故填is called。
4．句意：在年底，我們聚在一起清空罐子。根據(jù)“end of the year”可知，固定搭配“at the end of”表示“在……結(jié)束時(shí)”。故填the。
5．句意：我們輪流大聲朗讀“好事”。“take turns”是固定搭配，表示“輪流”。故填turns。
6．句意：有些事很有趣，有些很嚴(yán)肅，有些則給人希望。根據(jù)“are”和“interesting”可知，此處需要形容詞作表語，interest的形容詞形式是interesting，修飾物。故填interesting。
7．句意：在過去的十二個(gè)月里，我們家經(jīng)歷了許多困難。根據(jù)“twelve”可知，month需要用復(fù)數(shù)形式months。故填months。
8．句意：以下是“好事罐”中的幾件事。根據(jù)“a few things”可知，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式are。故填are。
9．句意：吉姆和我與父母一起去露營(yíng)。“Jim”和“I”是并列關(guān)系，用連詞and連接。故填and。
10．句意：在那里，我們教我的寵物貓用腳拍手。根據(jù)“went camping”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，teach的過去式是taught。故填taught。
11．句意：我非常感謝父母的愛。根據(jù)“I’m”可知，此處需要形容詞作表語，thank的形容詞形式是thankful。故填thankful。
12．句意：我們的“好事罐”充滿了愛、希望和幸福?！癰e full of”是固定搭配，表示“充滿”。故填of。
13．句意：這些小紙條提醒我們，即使在困難時(shí)期，我們也可以期待好事發(fā)生?！皉emind”是動(dòng)詞，后接賓語用代詞賓格us。故填us。
14．句意：因此，我鼓勵(lì)你今天創(chuàng)建你的“好事罐”?！癳ncourage sb. to do”是固定搭配，表示“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”。故填to create。
15．句意：我相信它會(huì)對(duì)你的未來生活產(chǎn)生重大影響。根據(jù)“future life”可知，此處用一般將來時(shí)“will make”。故填will make。
（2025·湖南長(zhǎng)沙·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
I have always loved reading books that were written hundreds or even thousands of years ago. These are the literature classics (文學(xué)經(jīng)典), and they 16 (be) of lasting value. For example, The Iliad, written almost three thousand years ago, tells us about the good and bad qualities (品質(zhì)) of human nature; that is to say, we can be heroic and silly at 17 same time.
China has 18 (it) own long history of classical literature that dates back to the “Four Books and Five Classics”. These books 19 (write) before the Qin Dynasty. No one was considered educated unless they had read these classics. Even today, students are encouraged 20 (read) The Analects of Confucius (《論語》).
There are also 21 (new) classics than those above, such as Journey to the West and A Dream of Red Mansions. Still, many people don’t want to read them 22 they are long and have complex plots (復(fù)雜的情節(jié)). But they are great 23 (story) which also show the goodness and weakness of human nature.
Are you interested 24 learning more about the classics Just reading some of them will give you a better understanding of the basis (基礎(chǔ)) of culture then. They will also help you better understand yourself and others. 25 (slow) but surely, you will fall in love with them.
【答案】
16．a(chǎn)re 17．the 18．its 19．were written 20．to read 21．newer 22．because 23．stories 24．in 25．Slowly
【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了作者之前喜歡讀最新出版的書，后來喜歡上讀有永久價(jià)值的“舊”書的故事。
16．句意：這些便是文學(xué)經(jīng)典之作，它們具有永恒的價(jià)值。本句時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，故填are。
17．句意：例如，約三千年前創(chuàng)作的《伊利亞特》一書向我們展示了人性中的善與惡；也就是說，我們有時(shí)可以表現(xiàn)出英勇的一面，有時(shí)又會(huì)顯得愚蠢。at the same time“同時(shí)”，固定短語，故填the。
18．句意：中國(guó)有著悠久的古典文學(xué)歷史，其源頭可追溯至“四書五經(jīng)”。此處作定語修飾其后的名詞短語，用形容詞性物主代詞形式，故填its。
19．句意：這些書籍是在秦朝之前寫成的。本句主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，時(shí)態(tài)是過去時(shí)，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填were written。
20．句意：即使在今天，學(xué)生們?nèi)员还膭?lì)閱讀《論語》這部著作。be encouraged to do sth“被鼓勵(lì)去做某事”，故填to read。
21．句意：還有比上述作品更新的經(jīng)典作品，比如《西游記》和《紅樓夢(mèng)》。根據(jù)“than”可知，此處應(yīng)使用比較級(jí)，故填newer。
22．句意：不過，仍有許多人不愿去讀這些書，因?yàn)樗鼈兤荛L(zhǎng)，情節(jié)也十分復(fù)雜?！皌hey are long and have complex plots”是“many people don’t want to read them”的原因，用because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。故填because。
23．句意：但這些都是精彩的故事，同時(shí)也展現(xiàn)了人性中的美好與缺陷。根據(jù)“they are”可知，此處應(yīng)使用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填stories。
24．句意：你是否對(duì)了解經(jīng)典著作感興趣呢？be interested in“對(duì)……感興趣”，固定短語，故填in。
25．句意：慢慢地但毫無疑問，你會(huì)愛上它們的。此處與“surely”并列，使用副詞形式，句首需大寫首字母，故填Slowly。
（2025·內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題）
閱讀短文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
(Read Elin’s email from Norway to a friend in China she has never met.)To: Li Ming
Subject: Your friend
Hi Li Ming,
Thanks for your email. It’s great to hear from you!
You asked about 26 (I). Well, I 27 (graduate) from college last year and I’m working in an office now. In my free time, I 28 (usual) get together with friends, go hiking, and chat with family and friends online.
Oslo is the capital of Norway and is 29 (large) than any other city in the country. Oslo is such 30 amazing place that many people come for a visit every year. It’s full of great museums and restaurants. It’s a good 31 (choose) if you have a travel plan. I don’t know if everyone 32 (like) winter sports in Norway, but a lot of us enjoy skiing and snowboarding (see the photo of me). I saw your graduation photo. That is so 33 (interest)! Learning that you are studying traditional Chinese medicine, I want to know more about it.
Thanks too for your invitation to your city. I wonder 34 people do for fun there.
Let’s keep in touch. Looking forward to 35 (meet) you soon.
Elin
【答案】
26．me 27．graduated 28．usually 29．larger 30．a(chǎn)n 31．choice 32．likes 33．interesting 34．what 35．meeting
【導(dǎo)語】本文是艾琳從挪威發(fā)給一位素未謀面的中國(guó)朋友的郵件，郵件中介紹自己的信息，挪威的首都奧斯陸以及一些旅行建議。
26．句意：你問到了我的情況。動(dòng)詞短語后用賓格me作賓語，故填me。
27．句意：嗯，我去年從大學(xué)畢業(yè)了，現(xiàn)在在一家公司上班。根據(jù)“l(fā)ast year”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過去式。故填graduated。
28．句意：在空閑時(shí)間，我通常會(huì)和朋友們聚在一起，去遠(yuǎn)足，還會(huì)通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)與家人朋友交流聊天。此處在句中修飾動(dòng)詞，用副詞usually，故填usually。
29．句意：奧斯陸是挪威的首都，其規(guī)模比該國(guó)其他任何城市都要大。根據(jù)“than”可知，此處應(yīng)使用形容詞比較級(jí)，故填larger。
30．句意：奧斯陸是一個(gè)如此令人驚嘆的地方，以至于每年都有很多人前來參觀。此處泛指一個(gè)地點(diǎn)，“amazing”以元音音素開頭，故填an。
31．句意：如果你有旅行計(jì)劃，那么這個(gè)選擇就很不錯(cuò)。a修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，choice“選擇”符合語境，故填choice。
32．句意：我不知道是不是所有挪威人都喜歡冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)，但我們很多人喜歡滑雪和單板滑雪（請(qǐng)看我拍的照片）。本句時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是“everyone”，動(dòng)詞用三單，故填likes。
33．句意：那真是太有趣了！此處在句中作表語，修飾物，用interesting“有趣的”，故填interesting。
34．句意：我想知道那里的人們平時(shí)都做些什么來消遣娛樂呢。根據(jù)“I wonder...people do for fun there.”可知，想知道那里的人們平時(shí)都做些什么來消遣娛樂，what“什么”符合語境，故填what。
35．句意：期待很快能與你相見。look forward to doing“期待做某事”，故填meeting。
（2025·新疆·中考真題）
閱讀短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或用括號(hào)中所給詞的正確形式填空。每空不超過兩詞。
During the Warring States Period (戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期), many states made changes to become stronger. One of the most 36 (success) changes was created by Shang Yang in Qin
Shang Yang worked out a set of 37 (plan). At first, these plans were not easily 38 (accept) because people didn’t believe in him.
To solve this problem, Shang Yang came 39 with an idea. He ordered his men to put a thin wooden pole (桿) at the south gate. Then he said anyone who took the pole to the north gate would 40 (receive) 10 gold pieces. The task was so easy 41 nobody believed it was true. They all thought Shang Yang was joking. After seeing that, Shang Yang said he would offer 50 gold pieces to anyone who did it.
And 42 (final), a man wanted to have a try. He put the pole on his shoulder and walked to the north gate. 43 his surprise, Shang Yang paid him 50 gold pieces.
The news spread across the capital. Soon, people were saying Shang Yang was a man of 44 (he) word. Then people 45 (follow) him without question. With his efforts, Qin 46 (become) the strongest of all the states.
【答案】
36．successful 37．plans 38．a(chǎn)ccepted/acceptable 39．up 40．receive 41．that 42．finally 43．To 44．his 45．followed 46．became
【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期商鞅通過“徙木立信”的故事贏得百姓信任，最終幫助秦國(guó)成為最強(qiáng)諸侯國(guó)的歷史事件。
36．句意：最成功的變革之一是由秦國(guó)的商鞅創(chuàng)造的。根據(jù)“most”和“changes”可知此處需用形容詞最高級(jí)修飾名詞，success的形容詞形式為successful。故填successful。
37．句意：商鞅制定了一系列計(jì)劃。根據(jù)“a set of”可知后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，plan的復(fù)數(shù)形式為plans。故填plans。
38．句意：起初，這些計(jì)劃不易被接受。根據(jù)“were not easily”可知此處可以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，accept的過去分詞為accepted。另外這里也可以用形容詞acceptable“可接受的”作表語。故填accept/acceptable。
39．句意：為了解決這個(gè)問題，商鞅想出了一個(gè)主意。固定短語come up with表示“想出”，故填up。
40．句意：然后他說將桿子搬到北門的人會(huì)得到10金。根據(jù)“would”可知后面需用動(dòng)詞原形。故填receive。
41．句意：任務(wù)太簡(jiǎn)單以至于沒人相信。此處是固定結(jié)構(gòu)so…that…“如此……以至于……”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，故填that。
42．句意：最終，一個(gè)人決定嘗試。final是形容詞，此處修飾句子，應(yīng)用副詞作狀語。故填finally。
43．句意：令他驚訝的是，商鞅給了他50金。固定短語to one’s surprise表示“令某人驚訝的是”，首字母大寫。故填To。
44．句意：很快人們說商鞅是個(gè)守信之人。固定短語a man of his word表示“守信之人”，word前用形容詞性物主代詞his。故填his。
45．句意：然后人們毫無疑慮地跟隨他。根據(jù)上下文時(shí)態(tài)可知，此處是一般過去時(shí)，需用follow的過去式followed。故填followed。
46．句意：秦國(guó)成為所有諸侯國(guó)中最強(qiáng)大的。根據(jù)上下文時(shí)態(tài)可知，此處是一般過去時(shí)，需用become的過去式became。故填became。
（2025·貴州·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Do you know about Chinese painting It is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. It 47 (have) a long history and fine traditions in the field of art in the world.
48 (draw) a Chinese painting, you need a writing brush, ink (墨), rice paper, and ink stone. Especially, rice paper (xuan paper) is the best tool for Chinese painting because it allows the writing brush, wet with Chinese ink and held in a well-trained hand to move 49 (free) on it.
Three main subjects of Chinese pointing are human figures (人物), landscapes, and birds and 50 (flower). For example, the painting of ladies, the painting of mountains, and the painting of insects and fish. Figure painting became highly 51 (develop) during the Tang dynasty. And landscape painting 52 (reach) its height during the Song dynasty.
Two main techniques (技巧) can be found in Chinese painting. One 53 (be) gongbi often referred to as “fine-line” painting. This style of painting pays close attention to detail. Very often it 54 (use) to draw people or animals. The other is freehand style, referred to as “xieyf”. It pays more attention to expressing an 55 (artist) feelings. Artists often use this technique in landscape paintings.
Chinese paintings do not try to draw the out-looking of a subject, but 56 (it) nature or character. Every area of the painting is interesting to the eye.
【答案】
47．has 48． To draw 49．freely 50．flowers 51．developed 52．reached 53．is 54．is used 55．a(chǎn)rtist’s 56．its
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了中國(guó)畫的特點(diǎn)、工具、主題和技法。
47．句意：它在世界藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域有著悠久的歷史和優(yōu)良的傳統(tǒng)。根據(jù)“It…a long history”可知，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用三單形式。故填has。
48．句意：要畫中國(guó)畫，你需要毛筆、墨、宣紙和硯臺(tái)。根據(jù)“you need a writing brush, ink (墨), rice paper, and ink stone.”可知，此處是目的狀語，用不定式表示目的。故填To draw。
49．句意：特別是宣紙是中國(guó)畫最好的工具，因?yàn)樾埧梢宰屆P沾上中國(guó)墨水，用訓(xùn)練有素的手在宣紙上自由地移動(dòng)。修飾動(dòng)詞move需用副詞形式。故填freely。
50．句意：中國(guó)畫的三大主題是人物、山水和花鳥。根據(jù)“birds and…”可知，與birds并列需用復(fù)數(shù)名詞。故填flowers。
51．句意：人物畫在唐代得到了高度發(fā)展。become后接形容詞，develop的形容詞形式是 developed，意為“發(fā)達(dá)的”，故填developed。
52．句意：山水畫在宋代達(dá)到了頂峰。根據(jù)“during the Song dynasty”可知，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過去式。故填reached。
53．句意：一種是工筆，通常被稱為“細(xì)線”畫。根據(jù)“One…gongbi”可知，主語是單數(shù)，時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填is。
54．句意：它經(jīng)常被用來畫人物或動(dòng)物。根據(jù)“it…to draw”可知，此處是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是三單。故填is used。
55．句意：它更注重表達(dá)藝術(shù)家的情感。根據(jù)“an…feelings”可知，需用名詞所有格修飾feelings。故填artist’s。
56．句意：中國(guó)畫不試圖描繪主題的外表，而是其本質(zhì)或特征。根據(jù)“…nature or character”可知，此處需用形容詞性物主代詞指代subject。故填its。
（2025·湖南·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Long, long ago, there was a city called Jijiaocheng, so named because it was said to have been built at daybreak. 57 city was on the rich Liyang Plain (平原). Many waterways 58 (provide) water for crop fields and the people living inside and outside of the city.
The rulers of Jijiaocheng asked the people 59 (cut) down trees in the mountains. The wood was shipped by 60 (worker) to the city for tall buildings. Standing in them, the city’s rulers will be able to see 61 (they) people and crops between the waterways. In autumn, plenty of rice was brought to the city.
This is not some bedtime story. It 62 (real) took place around 4,500 years ago.
Thousands of years later, the once busy 63 rich Jijiaocheng, which is now in a town of Hunan, came to the notice of the modern world. With the help of archaeologists (考半車) and historians, artists painted recreations of life in Jijiaocheng in a 64 (tradition) scroll (卷釉).
The scroll was part of a huge project. A group of artists spent two years 65 it. It includes eight paintings, which are 140 meters long in total. It 66 (show) early human activities on the Liyang Plain and the prehistoric culture in Hunan.
【答案】
57．The 58．provided 59．to cut 60．workers 61．their 62．really 63．a(chǎn)nd 64．traditional 65．on 66．shows
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了古代城市極交城的歷史及其在現(xiàn)代的考古發(fā)現(xiàn)，并通過藝術(shù)家的畫卷重現(xiàn)了當(dāng)時(shí)的生活場(chǎng)景。
57．句意：這座城市位于富饒的澧陽平原上。根據(jù)“city was on the rich Liyang Plain (平原)”可知，此處特指前文提到的Jijiaocheng，需用定冠詞The。故填The。
58．句意：許多水道為農(nóng)田和城市內(nèi)外的人們提供水源。根據(jù)“Many waterways”和“water for crop fields”可知，此處描述過去的事實(shí)，動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)provided。故填provided。
59．句意：極交城的統(tǒng)治者要求人們砍伐山上的樹木。根據(jù)“asked the people”可知，ask sb to do sth為固定搭配，表示“要求某人做某事”。故填to cut。
60．句意：木材由工人們通過水路運(yùn)到城市用于建造高樓。根據(jù)“shipped by…to the city”可知，此處指復(fù)數(shù)概念的工人，用workers。故填workers。
61．句意：站在高樓上，統(tǒng)治者可以看到水道間他們的子民和莊稼。根據(jù)“see…people and crops”可知，此處需用形容詞性物主代詞their修飾名詞。故填their。
62．句意：它確實(shí)發(fā)生在約4500年前。根據(jù)“took place”可知，需用副詞really修飾動(dòng)詞。故填really。
63．句意：幾千年后，曾經(jīng)繁忙而富裕的極交城引起了現(xiàn)代世界的注意。根據(jù)“busy…rich Jijiaocheng”可知，需用并列連詞and連接兩個(gè)形容詞。故填and。
64．句意：藝術(shù)家們?cè)谝环鶄鹘y(tǒng)卷軸上重現(xiàn)了極交城的生活場(chǎng)景。根據(jù)“scroll”可知，需用形容詞traditional修飾名詞。故填traditional。
65．句意：一組藝術(shù)家花了兩年時(shí)間完成它。根據(jù)“spent two years”可知，spend time on sth為固定搭配，表示“花時(shí)間做某事”。故填on。
66．句意：它展示了澧陽平原上的早期人類活動(dòng)和湖南的史前文化。根據(jù)“includes eight paintings”可知，主語It為單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)shows。故填shows。
（2025·黑龍江綏化·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
You may not realize it, but you are doing more than just 67 (study) when you are at school. School is also the place where you learn to get along well with people. However, this is not always easy. What can you do if you just don’t like one of your classmates
If you discover that you have 68 (problem) getting along with your classmates or friends, one of the 69 (important) things to learn is tolerance (寬容). Tolerance is the 70 (able) to realize and respect the differences in others. We can’t change the ways that other people do, so it is important to learn to live happily with them.
If everyone 71 (learn) tolerance, they will get on better with each other. Knowing others constantly (不斷地) also lets us understand 72 (other) differences.
Something different does not 73 (exact) mean that it is bad. Tolerance teaches us how 74 (keep) an even temper (溫和的脾氣) and an open mind.
As an old 75 (say) goes, “Treat others how you want to be treated.” The world is very different, and practising tolerance in 76 (you) own school and city can help make things better.
【答案】
67．studying 68．problems 69．most important 70．a(chǎn)bility 71．learns 72．others’ 73．exactly 74．to keep 75．saying 76．your
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了在學(xué)校中學(xué)會(huì)與人相處的重要性，強(qiáng)調(diào)了寬容是理解和尊重他人差異的關(guān)鍵，通過寬容可以更好地與他人相處。
67．句意：你可能沒有意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)，但你在學(xué)校的時(shí)候不僅僅是在學(xué)習(xí)。介詞than后加動(dòng)名詞形式studying“學(xué)習(xí)”，故填studying。
68．句意：如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)你和同學(xué)或朋友相處有問題，最重要的事情之一就是學(xué)會(huì)寬容。problem“問題”，表示泛指，用用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填problems。
69．句意：如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)你和同學(xué)或朋友相處有問題，最重要的事情之一就是學(xué)會(huì)寬容。important“重要的”，形容詞，此處是“one of the+最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)，空處用最高級(jí)形式，故填most important。
70．句意：寬容是認(rèn)識(shí)和尊重他人差異的能力。此處應(yīng)用名詞ability“能力”，在句中作表語，故填ability。
71．句意：如果每個(gè)人都學(xué)會(huì)寬容，他們就會(huì)相處得更好。learn“學(xué)習(xí)”，句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是everyone，動(dòng)詞用三單形式，故填learns。
72．句意：不斷地了解別人也能讓我們理解別人的不同。此處指“別人的不同”，應(yīng)用others’表示“別人的”，修飾名詞differences，故填others’。
73．句意：不同的東西并不一定意味著它是壞的。exact“確切的”，形容詞，此處修飾動(dòng)詞mean，應(yīng)用副詞形式，故填exactly。
74．句意：寬容教會(huì)我們?nèi)绾伪３譁睾偷钠夂烷_放的心態(tài)。keep“保持”，此處是“疑問詞+不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)，故填to keep。
75．句意：俗話說：己所不欲，勿施于人。an修飾單數(shù)名詞saying“諺語”，故填saying。
76．句意：世界是非常不同的，在你自己的學(xué)校和城市里練習(xí)寬容可以幫助事情變得更好。此處修飾空后的名詞，應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞your，故填your。
（2025·貴州·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Maps have been an important tool for humans for thousands of years. They were first created to meet people’s basic needs. In the past, people 77 (need) maps to find directions. As society developed, people also used maps for traveling, exploration and trade.
In ancient times, maps were 78 (draw) by hand. They were usually very simple. People used symbols and pictures to show important places and routes.
As time passed, maps became more detailed (詳細(xì)的). Some map makers started to use new methods 79 (create) maps. They included more information about the world in maps, such as the locations of 80 (city) and rivers. This made maps more 81 (use) for planning trips and looking for new places.
During the Age of Exploration, map-making skills improved 82 (great). Many explorers went to new places and brought back 83 (they) findings. This helped map makers create more accurate (精確的) maps of the world.
Today, we have electronic maps on computers and smartphones. They can suggest the 84 (good) routes, provide real-time traffic conditions and recommend nearby attractions, which makes it possible to save time. Therefore, our 85 (day) lives become more convenient.
Maps have changed over time, but their purpose 86 (remain) the same: to help people understand and find their ways around the world.
【答案】
77．needed 78．drawn 79．to create 80．cities 81．useful 82．greatly 83．their 84．best 85．daily 86．remains
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了地圖從古至今的發(fā)展歷程及其對(duì)人類生活的重要性。
77．句意：在過去，人們需要地圖來尋找方向。 根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語In the past可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞需用過去式。故填needed。
78．句意：在古代，地圖是手工繪制的。主語maps與動(dòng)詞draw之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，地圖被手工繪制，且描述過去事實(shí)，用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，draw用其過去分詞。故填drawn。
79．句意：一些制圖師開始使用新方法來創(chuàng)建地圖。 use methods to do“使用工具來……”，此處用不定式作目的狀語。故填to create。
80．句意：他們?cè)诘貓D中加入了更多關(guān)于世界的信息，比如城市和河流的位置。city與rivers并列，需用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填cities。
81．句意：這使得地圖對(duì)規(guī)劃旅行和尋找新地方更有用。make sth adj.“使某物……”，形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，use的形容詞形式是useful。故填useful。
82．句意：在大航海時(shí)代，制圖技術(shù)極大地提高了。 修飾動(dòng)詞improved需用副詞形式。故填greatly。
83．句意：許多探險(xiǎn)家前往新地方并帶回他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)。用形容詞性物主代詞their“他們的”修飾名詞findings。故填their。
84．句意：它們可以建議最佳路線，提供實(shí)時(shí)交通狀況，并推薦附近的景點(diǎn)，從而節(jié)省時(shí)間。與the連用且隱含比較意義，用good的最高級(jí)best。故填best。
85．句意：因此，我們的日常生活變得更加便利。修飾名詞lives需用形容詞daily。故填daily。
86． 句意：地圖隨時(shí)間變化，但其目的保持不變。 主語purpose是單數(shù)，且描述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故謂語動(dòng)詞用其三單形式。故填remains。
（2025·福建·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)語境或所給單詞的提示，在每個(gè)空格內(nèi)填入一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，要求所填的詞意義準(zhǔn)確、形式正確，使短文意思完整、行文連貫。
The Great Wall, which is a symbol of our history, snakes across a mountain area of Tianzhu, Gansu province. Thirty-nine protectors work 87 (careful) in the area to protect the great wonder.
With 88 history of over 2,000 years, the wall in Gansu wasn’t in good condition. Nature did great harm to the wall. Some 89 (part) of the wall were washed away by heavy rains and blown away by strong winds. People in some places also harmed it.
But things started to change. In 2006, Great Wall Protection Regulations (條例) 90 (come) into effect. After that, more and more people started to take part 91 caring for the wall. In recent years, the government of Tianzhu has spent more and more money 92 (protect) the wall. Modern technology like self-driven sensing technology 93 drones (無人機(jī)) have also been used to watch the wall.
With all these efforts, the protectors are still busy with the work. Every week they guard the wall, and any changes are well recorded and 94 (report) to the government. They also help people realize it’s important to protect cultural heritage (遺產(chǎn)). Luckily, with 95 (they) hard work, much greater changes have taken place.
“As long as we are here, we will protect this wall. It is our job and our 96 (proud),” said one of the protectors.
【答案】
87．carefully 88．a(chǎn) 89．parts 90．came 91．in 92．protecting 93．a(chǎn)nd 94．reported 95．their 96．pride
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了甘肅天祝縣的長(zhǎng)城保護(hù)工作。
87．句意：39名保護(hù)者在這個(gè)地區(qū)認(rèn)真地工作，以保護(hù)這一偉大的奇跡。此處修飾動(dòng)詞work用副詞carefully“認(rèn)真地”。故填carefully。
88．句意：有著超過2000年歷史的甘肅長(zhǎng)城狀況不佳。with a history of“有……的歷史”。故填a。
89．句意：長(zhǎng)城的一些部分被大雨沖走，被強(qiáng)風(fēng)吹走。some后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)parts“部分”。故填parts。
90．句意：2006年，《長(zhǎng)城保護(hù)條例》開始生效。根據(jù)“In 2006”可知句子用一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過去式。故填came。
91．句意：此后，越來越多的人開始參與保護(hù)長(zhǎng)城的工作。take part in“參加”。故填in。
92．句意：近年來，天?？h政府投入了越來越多的資金來保護(hù)長(zhǎng)城。protect“保護(hù)”，spend time doing sth.“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”。故填protecting。
93．句意：自動(dòng)駕駛感應(yīng)技術(shù)和無人機(jī)等現(xiàn)代技術(shù)也被用來監(jiān)控長(zhǎng)城?！皊elf-driven sensing technology”和“drones”是并列關(guān)系，用and連接。故填and。
94．句意：每周他們都守護(hù)著長(zhǎng)城，任何變化都被詳細(xì)記錄并報(bào)告給政府。此處動(dòng)詞report和主語any changes之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處用過去分詞和be動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填reported。
95．句意：幸運(yùn)的是，通過他們的努力，發(fā)生了更大的變化。修飾空后的名詞，用形容詞性物主代詞their“他們的”。故填their。
96．句意：這是我們的工作，也是我們的驕傲。形容詞性物主代詞our后加名詞pride“驕傲”，不可數(shù)名詞。故填pride。
（2025·四川眉山·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Embroidery (刺繡) was often regarded as “women’s work” in the past. And it was not common for a boy 97 (learn) it. Therefore, Fu Jian’s parents didn’t want 98 (he) to work in this industry at first. But Fu didn’t care. He believed he could do it well.
Fu was born into an embroidery family in Yangzhou. His mother is 99 master craftswoman (女工匠) of Suzhou embroidery. Fu fell in love with this beautiful art when he was four years old. In his last year of high school, Fu set his life goal 100 (clear). “Although many people know about this traditional art, I want to help them learn 101 (much) about it,” he said.
After graduating from college, Fu and his mother built a research center of Suzhou embroidery. Since then, he 102 (invent) many new stitches (針法). He has also trained many 103 (worker).
Fu spends a lot of time 104 his works. Even so, he enjoys it. “I often work late into midnight, 105 I never feel tired. I think that’s because I’m doing what I love,” said the 37-year-old.
Most recently, the artist “created” a piece of bronze ware (青銅器皿) on cloth. What gave him the idea to create this work “Many bronzes can only 106 (see) in museums. A work of embroidery, however, can be hung in one’s home or office. People can see it at any time,” said Fu.
【答案】
97．to learn 98．him 99．a(chǎn) 100．clearly 101．more 102．has invented 103．workers 104．on 105．but 106．be seen
【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了付健對(duì)刺繡的熱愛和自身的努力，他發(fā)明了許多新針法，培訓(xùn)了許多刺繡工人。
97．句意：男孩學(xué)習(xí)刺繡并不常見。it is adj. to do sth“做某事……”，動(dòng)詞不定式作真正的主語，故填to learn。
98．句意：因此傅堅(jiān)的父母起初不想讓他從事這個(gè)行業(yè)。動(dòng)詞后用人稱賓格，故填him。
99．句意：母親是蘇州刺繡的女工匠大師。根據(jù)“master craftswoman”可知，不定冠詞表示泛指，master是輔音音素，a符合句意，故填a。
100．句意：高中最后一年，傅明確了自己的人生目標(biāo)。根據(jù)“set his life goal”可知，副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，clearly符合句意，故填clearly。
101．句意：雖然很多人知道這門傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)，但我想幫助他們更深入了解它。根據(jù)“help them learn”可知，了解更多，需要比較級(jí)，more符合句意，故填more。
102．句意：此后他發(fā)明了許多新針法，還培養(yǎng)了許多工人。根據(jù)“Since then”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語是單數(shù)，has invented符合句意，故填has invented。
103．句意：他還培養(yǎng)了許多工人。根據(jù)“many”可知，后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，workers符合句意，故填workers。
104．句意：傅在作品上花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間。spend time on sth.“在……花了時(shí)間”，固定搭配。故填on。
105．句意：我經(jīng)常工作到深夜，但從不覺疲憊。前后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，but符合句意，故填but。
106．句意：許多青銅器只能在博物館看到。根據(jù)“Many bronzes can only”可知，主語與see是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞原形，be seen符合句意，故填be seen。
（2025·四川德陽·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Night schools are nothing new today. Li Mei is 107 engineer in the day. But in the evening, she becomes a student at a night school in Chengdu. She is trying new 108 (hobby) with her 5-year-old son, such as cooking and singing. She used to spend evenings 109 (watch) her son play in the park. Now she can try new things with him at a night school.
A growing number of Chinese people go to night schools. They can learn 110 (color) things, from art 111 sports, for free. Young people 112 want to look for new skills and friends go to night schools.
In the 1980s, many people 113 (go) to night schools for further education. However, night schools were gone because more people got higher education. Some new night schools came to Shanghai last autumn. Then more night schools 114 (quick) appeared in other cities. For example, Miss Wang from Deyang thinks that night schools are good places for her 115 (make) friends. “I used to spend much of my time alone. I have felt more connected with modern society since I became a student of the night school,” she said.
Young people wish to make themselves better so that 116 (they) daily lives can be meaningful. That has made night schools develop rapidly.
【答案】
107．a(chǎn)n 108．hobbies 109．watching 110．colorful 111．to 112．who/that 113．went 114．quickly 115．to make 116．their
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了夜校在中國(guó)的發(fā)展情況，以及人們通過夜校學(xué)習(xí)新技能、結(jié)交朋友的現(xiàn)象。
107．句意：李梅在白天時(shí)是一名工程師。根據(jù)“Li Mei is...engineer in the day.”可知，此處指一名工程師，engineer以元音音素開頭，空處應(yīng)是不定冠詞an。故填an。
108．句意：她正和5歲的兒子嘗試新的愛好，比如烹飪和唱歌。根據(jù)“such as cooking and singing”可知，不止一項(xiàng)愛好，空處應(yīng)是hobby的復(fù)數(shù)形式hobbies，故填hobbies。
109．句意：她過去常常在晚上看著兒子在公園里玩耍。spend time doing“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”，是固定搭配，空處應(yīng)是watching。故填watching。
110．句意：他們可以免費(fèi)學(xué)習(xí)豐富多彩的東西，從藝術(shù)到體育。空后是名詞things，空處應(yīng)是color的形容詞形式colorful，作定語。故填colorful。
111．句意：他們可以免費(fèi)學(xué)習(xí)豐富多彩的東西，從藝術(shù)到體育。from...to...“從……到……”，是固定搭配。故填to。
112．句意：想要尋找新技能和新朋友的年輕人去上夜校。分析句子“Young people...want to look for new skills and friends go to night schools.”可知，“...want to look for new skills and friends”是定語從句，先行詞“Young people”指人，且從句中缺少主語，因此從句的引導(dǎo)詞是who/that。故填who/that。
113．句意：在20世紀(jì)80年代，許多人去夜校進(jìn)修。根據(jù)“In the 1980s”可知，句子用一般過去時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式，故填went。
114．句意：隨后，更多夜校在其他城市迅速涌現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“Then more night schools...(quick) appeared in other cities.”可知，空處修飾動(dòng)詞appeared，應(yīng)用quick的副詞形式quickly。故填quickly。
115．句意：例如，來自德陽的王女士認(rèn)為夜校是她結(jié)交朋友的好地方。根據(jù)“night schools are good places for her...(make) friends”可知，此處指夜校是她結(jié)交朋友的好地方，good places to do sth.“做某事的好地方”，是固定搭配，空處應(yīng)是不定式，故填to make。
116．句意：年輕人希望讓自己變得更好，這樣他們的日常生活才能有意義?？蘸笫敲~“daily lives”，空處應(yīng)是they的形容詞性物主代詞their。故填their。
（2025·江蘇蘇州·中考真題）
請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，在答題卡標(biāo)有題號(hào)的橫線上，填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
On Pingjiang Road in Suzhou, 65-year-old Ms Wu runs a traditional tea house for 30years. She never expected 117 (oneself) to become a tea master who helped build a cultural bridge.
It started in 2015 when a German tourist named Klaus walked into her shop. With the help of a phone app, Ms Wu 118 (patient) showed him the way to properly brew (沏) Biluochun, Suzhou’s famous green tea. Klaus returned every day that week and 119 (bring) more friends each time.
Seeing how 120 (interest) they were in Chinese tea, Ms Wu started a weekly activity called “Tea Culture Saturdays”. She showed foreigners 121 to brew tea with traditional methods—from choosing the water temperature to 122 (follow) tea-making rules. Her daughter Lily, a college student, helped translate.
Soon, her tea house was always crowded with 123 (visit), including students and business people from many places. “I used to think foreigners wouldn’t understand our tea culture, 124 they love it deeply. Some of them even treat their friends with Chinese tea at home,” Ms Wu said.
One of her favourite 125 (moment) was when Sarah, a Canadian, gave her a notebook filled with tea notes written in both English and Chinese. “This is why I keep teaching,” Ms Wu said, showing 126 treasured notebook.
Now, her tea house appears in travel guides as “Suzhou’s cultural living room”. For tourists, every cup of tea served is a window on the tea culture of this ancient city.
【答案】
117．herself 118．patiently 119．brought 120．interested 121．how 122．following 123．visitors 124．but 125．moments 126．the
【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了蘇州65歲的吳女士通過經(jīng)營(yíng)傳統(tǒng)茶館，意外成為促進(jìn)中外茶文化交流的橋梁的故事。
117．句意：她從沒預(yù)料到自己會(huì)成為一名幫助架起文化橋梁的茶藝師。主語為She，此處應(yīng)用其反身代詞herself指代她自己。故填herself。
118．句意：在一個(gè)手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序的幫助下，吳女士耐心地向他展示如何正確沖泡蘇州著名綠茶碧螺春。showed為動(dòng)詞，此處應(yīng)用patient的副詞patiently修飾動(dòng)詞。故填patiently。
119．句意：克勞斯在那一周的每一天都來，而且每次都會(huì)帶來更多的朋友。根據(jù)“returned”可知句子應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞bring應(yīng)用其過去式brought。故填brought。
120．句意：看到他們對(duì)中國(guó)茶如此感興趣，吳女士發(fā)起了一個(gè)每周一次的名叫“茶文化星期六”的活動(dòng)。根據(jù)“how…they were in Chinese tea”可知，該句為how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，be interested in“對(duì)……感興趣”，how后接形容詞。故填interested。
121．句意：她向外國(guó)游客展示如何用傳統(tǒng)的方法泡茶——從水溫選擇到遵循茶道規(guī)則。根據(jù)“showed foreigners…to brew tea with traditional methods”可知，她展示泡茶的方式，用how+動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。故填how。
122．句意：她向外國(guó)游客展示如何用傳統(tǒng)的方法泡茶——從水溫選擇到遵循茶道規(guī)則。根據(jù)“from choosing the water temperature”可知介詞to后接follow的動(dòng)名詞following作賓語。故填following。
123．句意：很快，她的茶館擠滿了來自許多地方的學(xué)生和商務(wù)人士。根據(jù)“including students and business people from many places”可知，此處應(yīng)用visit的名詞visitor作賓語，且應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式表泛指。故填visitors。
124．句意：我曾以為外國(guó)人不懂我們的茶文化，但他們其實(shí)對(duì)此愛得深沉。前后兩句存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but連接。故填but。
125．句意：她最珍視的時(shí)刻之一，就是加拿大游客薩拉送給她的一本寫滿中英文的茶道筆記。根據(jù)“One of her favourite”可知此處應(yīng)用moment的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填moments。
126．句意：吳女士展示著這本珍貴的筆記本說道：“這就是我堅(jiān)持教學(xué)的原因?！备鶕?jù)上文“gave her a notebook filled with tea notes written in both English and Chinese”可知，此處應(yīng)用定冠詞the特指這本筆記本。故填the。
（2025·山東煙臺(tái)·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Jiang Zhaopeng, an 18-year-old medical student from Shandong City Service Technician College in Yantai, faced a life-or-death test on Saturday — not in an exam hall, 127 in the backseat of a taxi.
May 10th, 2025 is the first day of this year’s spring college entrance exam. At about 8:10 a.m., Jiang 128 (head) to the testing place with his classmate in a taxi when suddenly Jiang’s classmate fell down, showing signs of a heart attack.
“I thought he was just tired at first,” Jiang said. “But then I realized he was in a 129 (danger) condition, because he seemed to stop breathing.”
Depending on first aid 130 (skill) learned in school, Jiang took action at once. He 131 (lay) his classmate flat in the backseat of the taxi and began performing CPR (心肺復(fù)蘇). At the same time, Jiang asked the driver Wang Tao to drive 132 (quick) to the hospital.
Only after making sure his classmate was under professional care did Jiang rush to take the exam, but it was too late 133 (take) the 9 a.m. Chinese language test. Although this was 134 important chance to continue higher education, he said he had no regrets about his 135 (decide). “Exams can be retaken, but a life cannot,” he said.
Jiang’s story drew widespread praise from all over the country. Four days later, a make-up exam 136 (organize) for Jiang. Jiang and Wang have received official praise and have also been recommended as candidates (候選人) for the “China Good Person List” for the second quarter of 2025.
【答案】
127．but 128．was heading 129．dangerous 130．skills 131．laid 132．quickly 133．to take 134．a(chǎn)n 135．decision 136．was organized
【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了一個(gè)叫蔣兆鵬（音譯）的學(xué)生在去考試的路上救助同學(xué)的故事。
127．句意：上周六，來自煙臺(tái)山東城市服務(wù)技術(shù)學(xué)院的18歲醫(yī)學(xué)生蔣兆鵬面臨著一場(chǎng)生死攸關(guān)的考試——不是在考場(chǎng)，而是在出租車的后座上。本題考查not...but“不是……而是”。故填but。
128．句意：上午8點(diǎn)10分左右，蔣和他的同學(xué)乘出租車前往考場(chǎng)，突然他的同學(xué)摔倒了，有心臟病發(fā)作的跡象。根據(jù)“At about 8:10 a.m.”可知，此處描述的是過去某一時(shí)刻正在做的事情，要用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/were doing，主語是Jiang，be動(dòng)詞要用was。故填was heading。
129．句意：但后來我意識(shí)到他的情況很危險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)樗坪跬Ｖ沽撕粑?。根?jù)“But then I realized he was in a...condition”可知，此處要用danger“危險(xiǎn)”的形容詞dangerous“危險(xiǎn)的”作定語修飾condition。故填dangerous。
130．句意：憑借在學(xué)校學(xué)到的急救技能，蔣立即采取了行動(dòng)。根據(jù)“Depending on first aid...learned in school”可知，此處泛指急救技能，要用可數(shù)名詞skill“技能”的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填skills。
131．句意：他把他的同學(xué)平放在出租車后座上，開始給他做心肺復(fù)蘇。根據(jù)“Jiang took action at once.”可知，本句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞lay“放平”要用過去式。故填laid。
132．句意：與此同時(shí)，蔣讓司機(jī)王濤（音譯）趕緊把車開到醫(yī)院。根據(jù)“At the same time, Jiang asked the driver Wang Tao to drive...to the hospital.”可知，此處要用quick“快的”的副詞形式quickly“快速地”修飾動(dòng)詞drive。故填quickly。
133．句意：在確認(rèn)他的同學(xué)得到專業(yè)護(hù)理后，蔣才趕去參加考試，但已經(jīng)來不及參加上午9點(diǎn)的語文考試了。本題考查too...to“太……而不能”。故填to take。
134．句意：雖然這是一個(gè)繼續(xù)接受高等教育的重要機(jī)會(huì)，但他說他對(duì)自己的決定并不后悔。此處泛指一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，important以元音音素開頭，要用不定冠詞an。故填an。
135．句意：雖然這是一個(gè)繼續(xù)接受高等教育的重要機(jī)會(huì)，但他說他對(duì)自己的決定并不后悔。根據(jù)“he said he had no regrets about his...”可知，此處要用decide“決定”的名詞形式decision作賓語。故填decision。
136．句意：四天后，學(xué)校為蔣組織了一次補(bǔ)考。本句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，主語a make-up exam是動(dòng)作的承受者，要用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填was organized。
（2025·四川遂寧·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式填空。
The Yellow River runs from the mountains 137 the sea. It gave birth to one of 138 oldest and most famous cultures in the world—the Yellow River culture. In the hearts of 139 (China) people, the Yellow River is the mother river. It is expected to play a more important role in our country’s 140 (develop).
The river got its name Huanghe in Chinese 141 its water is yellow, as it took lots of yellow sand to the water when it ran through the Loess Plateau (黃土高原).
The river starts from Qinghai Province in the northwestern China. It runs through a lot of places before 142 (run) into the Bohai sea. The 5,464-kilometre-long river 143 (feed) about 12% of China’s population and provides water for about 15% of fields and more than 60 144 (city).
So far, our country 145 (make) great efforts in the environmental protection of river. Each year over 400 million tons of sand is prevented from being washed into it. Our mother river has become much 146 (clear) than before.
【答案】
137．to 138．the 139．Chinese 140．development 141．because 142．running 143．feeds 144．cities 145．has made 146．clearer
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了黃河從高山流向大海，孕育了世界上最古老、最著名的文化之一——黃河文化。
137．句意：黃河從山上流到海里。根據(jù)“The Yellow River runs from the mountains...the sea.”可知，此處是from...to...短語，意為“從……到……”。故填to。
138．句意：它孕育了世界上最古老、最著名的文化之一——黃河文化。此處是“one of+the+最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)，故填the。
139．句意：在中國(guó)人的心中，黃河是母親河。此處作定語修飾people，故填Chinese。
140．句意：它有望在我國(guó)的發(fā)展中發(fā)揮更重要的作用。此處在動(dòng)詞短語后作賓語，用名詞development“發(fā)展”，故填development。
141．句意：這條河在中國(guó)被稱為黃河，因?yàn)樗乃屈S色的，因?yàn)樗诹鹘?jīng)黃土高原時(shí)帶了很多黃沙。“its water is yellow”是“The river got its name Huanghe in Chinese”的原因，用because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，故填because。
142．句意：它流經(jīng)很多地方，然后流入渤海。before是介詞，其后用動(dòng)名詞作賓語，故填running。
143．句意：這條長(zhǎng)5464公里的河流養(yǎng)活了中國(guó)約12%的人口，為約15%的農(nóng)田和60多個(gè)城市提供水源。此處與“provides”并列，動(dòng)詞用三單形式，故填feeds。
144．句意：這條長(zhǎng)5464公里的河流養(yǎng)活了中國(guó)約12%的人口，為約15%的農(nóng)田和60多個(gè)城市提供水源。“more than 60”修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填cities。
145．句意：到目前為止，我國(guó)在河流的環(huán)境保護(hù)方面做出了很大的努力。根據(jù)“So far”可知，此處應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語是“our country”，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填has made。
146．句意：我們的母親河變得比以前清澈多了。根據(jù)“than before”可知，此處應(yīng)使用形容詞比較級(jí)作表語，故填clearer。
（2025·四川南充·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并將答案寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的橫線上。
The astronauts of Shenzhou-20—Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie — worked for about eight hours and 147 (complete) the first space walk on May 22nd. What is the life like in space
After a long day at work, astronauts will have dinners. In space, some foods can 148 (eat) in their natural forms, such as chocolate cakes and fruits. Other foods require an oven to heat.
After dinner, astronauts have a rest, brush teeth 149 go to bed, just like on the earth. When going to sleep, they have to tie 150 (they), so they don’t float (漂浮) around or hit their bodies 151 something. They usually use sleeping bags that are put in a small cabin. Generally, astronauts have 152 eight-hour sleep each day after they finish their task.
Exercise is also an important part of every astronaut’s daily life. 153 (keep) healthy, on average, they exercise two hours every day. Lifting 200 154 (pound) may be a lot of work on the earth. But lifting that same object in space would be much 155 (easy). That means sports equipment needs to be 156 (special) designed. Therefore, astronauts can receive the exercise needed.
【答案】
147．completed 148．be eaten 149．a(chǎn)nd 150．themselves 151．a(chǎn)gainst/on 152．a(chǎn)n 153．To keep 154．pounds 155．easier 156．specially
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了太空生活是什么樣子的。
147．句意：神舟20號(hào)的宇航員——陳冬、陳忠銳和王潔——工作了大約八個(gè)小時(shí)，并于5月22日完成了首次太空行走。根據(jù)“worked”可知句子用一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過去式completed“完成”。故填completed。
148．句意：在太空中，有些食物可以以自然形態(tài)食用，比如巧克力蛋糕和水果。主語some foods和動(dòng)詞eat之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處用含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)can be done。故填be eaten。
149．句意：晚餐后，宇航員們會(huì)休息一下，刷牙，然后睡覺，就像在地球上一樣。前后幾個(gè)動(dòng)作是并列關(guān)系，用and連接。故填and。
150．句意：睡覺時(shí)，他們需要把自己綁起來，以免漂浮起來或者撞到東西。主語和賓語是同一個(gè)人，用反身代詞themselves“他們自己”。故填themselves。
151．句意：睡覺時(shí)，他們需要把自己綁起來，以免漂浮起來或者撞到東西。根據(jù)“hit their bodies...something”可知是身體撞到某物，用介詞against/on。故填against/on。
152．句意：一般來說，宇航員們?cè)谕瓿扇蝿?wù)后每天會(huì)睡八個(gè)小時(shí)。此處表示泛指，eight以元音音素開頭，用不定冠詞an。故填an。
153．句意：為了保持健康，他們平均每天鍛煉兩個(gè)小時(shí)?！氨３纸】怠笔悄康?，用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。故填To keep。
154．句意：在地球上，舉起200磅可能是一項(xiàng)很費(fèi)力的工作。200后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)pounds“磅”。故填pounds。
155．句意：但在太空中，舉起同樣的物體要容易得多。much修飾比較級(jí)easier。故填easier。
156．句意：這意味著運(yùn)動(dòng)器材需要特別設(shè)計(jì)。此處修飾動(dòng)詞用副詞specially“特別地”。故填specially。
（2025·四川達(dá)州·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文在文章空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Last summer, a group of middle school students went on a school trip to a small village. They were excited 157 (see) a different part of the country. The village was far 158 the city, and there were full of beautiful views along the way. When they arrived, they found the village was very 159 (peace).
The students were 160 (divide) into small groups to stay with local families. At first, some students felt a bit nervous, 161 they started to enjoy the life there soon. One day, they met an old man who was having trouble in 162 (carry) a heavy load. Without thinking twice, the students rushed to help him. They carried the load to 163 (he) home and even helped him clean the house. The old man was very grateful and told them many interesting stories about the village.
During the trip, the students learned how to plant crops and look after animals 164 (careful). They also helped the local farmers with their work. It was 165 meaningful and challenging experience for them. They realized that even a small act of 166 (kind) could bring great joy to others.
【答案】
157．to see 158．from 159．peaceful 160．divided 161．but 162．carrying 163．his 164．carefully 165．a(chǎn) 166．kindness
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了一群中學(xué)生去鄉(xiāng)村旅行的經(jīng)歷。他們?cè)诼猛局行蕾p美景，與當(dāng)?shù)丶彝ネ。瑤椭先?，學(xué)習(xí)農(nóng)活，并從中體會(huì)到善意的力量。
157．句意：他們很興奮能看到國(guó)家的不同地區(qū)。根據(jù)“were excited”可知，此處用不定式作原因狀語，表示“因?yàn)榭吹健d奮”。故填to see。
158．句意：村莊離城市很遠(yuǎn)，一路上到處都是美麗的景色。根據(jù)“The village was far…the city”可知，此處表示“遠(yuǎn)離”，用固定搭配far from。故填from。
159．句意：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)村莊非常寧靜。根據(jù)“was very…(peace)”可知，此處需形容詞作表語，peace的形容詞形式是peaceful。故填peaceful。
160．句意：學(xué)生們被分成小組與當(dāng)?shù)丶彝ネ?。根?jù)“were…(divide) into”可知，此處是被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“被分成”，動(dòng)詞用過去分詞divided。故填divided。
161．句意：起初有些學(xué)生感到緊張，但他們很快開始享受那里的生活。根據(jù)“At first…they started to enjoy”和后文“started to enjoy”可知，前后句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用連詞but。故填but。
162．句意：一天，他們遇到一位老人在搬運(yùn)重物時(shí)遇到困難。介詞in后接動(dòng)名詞carrying作賓語。故填carrying。
163．句意：他們把重物搬到了他的家，甚至幫他打掃房子。空處修飾名詞home，所以用形容詞性物主代詞his。故填his。
164．句意：學(xué)生們學(xué)會(huì)了如何細(xì)心種植莊稼和照顧動(dòng)物。此處修飾動(dòng)詞需用careful的副詞carefully。故填carefully。
165．句意：這對(duì)他們來說是一次有意義且充滿挑戰(zhàn)的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)“It was…meaningful experience”可知，此處泛指“一次經(jīng)歷”，且meaningful以輔音音素開頭，用不定冠詞a。故填a。
166．句意：他們意識(shí)到即使是一個(gè)小小的善舉也能給他人帶來巨大快樂。根據(jù)“a small act of…(kind)”可知，介詞of后接名詞kindness作賓語。故填kindness。
（2025·四川瀘州·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Wan Haibo, a 43-year-old deliveryman (快遞員) in Tianjin, was honored as a National Model Worker (全國(guó)勞動(dòng)模范) in 2025. After receiving 167 honor, Wan said, “I feel very excited and proud.”
Born in the countryside in Handan, Hebei, Wan went to Tianjin in 2018 and 168 (become) a deliveryman. “There’s no easy way to success. Every package (包裹) means responsibility and trust, so it’s necessary to send it in time,” he said. “I thought about stopping, 169 finally got through all the difficulties.”
Wan is responsible 170 a large community. He sends about 500 packages a day, but it can increase to even 1,000 daily during online shopping festivals. He 171 (usual) starts work around 6 am and finishes work around 8 pm—that can last to midnight during busy 172 (season).
In the past seven years, he 173 (send) over 720,000 packages without any mistake. When facing terrible weather and possible delays (延遲), he will call customers right away to explain.
Wan is a warm-hearted person 174 shows special care for older or disabled people. He always helps them buy medicine and take away 175 (they) rubbish during deliveries. Since April 2022, he has volunteered to check and report safety risks in his community.
“I’m satisfied that we deliverymen get more social respect now,” Wan said. “I’ll keep working hard and encourage more people around me 176 (help) others.”
【答案】
167．the 168．became 169．but 170．for 171．usually 172．seasons 173．has sent 174．who/that 175．their 176．to help
【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了天津快遞員萬海波的故事，他在2025年被授予全國(guó)勞動(dòng)模范稱號(hào)。
167．句意：在獲得這一榮譽(yù)后，萬說：“我感到非常激動(dòng)和自豪?！贝颂幪刂盖拔奶岬降摹叭珖?guó)勞動(dòng)模仿”這個(gè)榮譽(yù)，用定冠詞the。故填the。
168．句意：萬海波出生在河北省邯鄲市的農(nóng)村，2018年來到天津，成為了一名快遞員。根據(jù)“went”可知句子用一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過去式became“成為”。故填became。
169．句意：我曾想過放棄，但最終克服了所有困難。前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but連接。故填but。
170．句意：萬海波負(fù)責(zé)一個(gè)大型社區(qū)的快遞工作。be responsible for“負(fù)責(zé)”。故填for。
171．句意：他通常早上6點(diǎn)左右開始工作，晚上8點(diǎn)左右結(jié)束工作——在繁忙的季節(jié)，工作時(shí)間可能會(huì)延長(zhǎng)到午夜。此處修飾動(dòng)詞用副詞usually“通常”。故填usually。
172．句意：他通常早上6點(diǎn)左右開始工作，晚上8點(diǎn)左右結(jié)束工作——在繁忙的季節(jié)，工作時(shí)間可能會(huì)延長(zhǎng)到午夜。不止一個(gè)季節(jié)，用名詞復(fù)數(shù)seasons“季節(jié)”。故填seasons。
173．句意：在過去七年里，他已經(jīng)派送了超過72萬個(gè)包裹，且沒有出現(xiàn)任何錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)“In the past seven years”可知句子用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語是he，助動(dòng)詞用has，send的過去分詞是sent。故填has sent。
174．句意：萬海波是一個(gè)熱心腸的人，他特別關(guān)心老年人或殘疾人。句子是定語從句，先行詞是人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，用who/that引導(dǎo)定語從句。故填who/that。
175．句意：在派送過程中，他總是幫助他們買藥并清理他們的垃圾。修飾空后的名詞用形容詞性物主代詞their“他們的”。故填their。
176．句意：我會(huì)繼續(xù)努力工作，并鼓勵(lì)周圍更多的人去幫助他人。help“幫助”，encourage sb. to do sth.“幫助某人做某事”。故填to help。
考點(diǎn)2 首字母提示完成短文
（2025·天津·中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使短文意思完整。每空限填一詞。
Today the earth is getting warmer and warmer. But hundreds of years a 177 , people had a different problem—a 400-year cold period! From the 1400s to the 1800s, winters in the northern half of the earth were c 178 and longer than they are now. Scientists c 179 this time the “Little Ice Age” (小冰期).
The colder weather b 180 many serious problems. Plants died of cold and illness spread among people. People had to spend a lot more time collecting wood for fires to keep their house warm. And sometimes, a h 181 piece of ice would slide down (滑落) a mountain and destroy (摧毀) some villages.
Scientists think the Little Ice Age was caused by forces (力量) that people could not control. One cause (起因), in their opinion, was the sun. The sun often has “storms” of energy called sunspots (太陽黑子). During the Little Ice Age, there were fewer sunspots than there are t 182 . With fewer sunspots, the sun was giving out less e 183 which made the earth warm. Volcanic eruption (火山爆發(fā)) was probably a 184 natural cause. During the Little Ice Age, many volcanoes erupted. Their dust (灰塵) might stop the sun’s l 185 and heat from reaching the earth.
Today we are seeing the influences of rising temperature. Scientists think people are causing this change by b 186 a lot of coal and oil. So we need to change our way of living.
【答案】
177．(a)go 178．(c)older 179．(c)all 180．(b)rought 181．(h)uge 182．(t)oday 183．(e)nergy 184．(a)nother 185．(l)ight 186．(b)urning
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了地球在歷史上經(jīng)歷的“小冰期”現(xiàn)象及其可能的原因，并與當(dāng)前全球變暖現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行對(duì)比。
177．句意：但幾百年前，人們面臨一個(gè)不同的問題——持續(xù)400年的寒冷時(shí)期！根據(jù)“hundreds of years”和時(shí)間對(duì)比語境以及所給首字母可知，此處需用表示過去的時(shí)間副詞，ago“以前”符合語境。故填(a)go。
178．句意：從15世紀(jì)到19世紀(jì)，北半球的冬天比現(xiàn)在更寒冷且更漫長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)“winters in the northern half of the earth were...and longer than”和所給首字母可知，北半球的冬天比現(xiàn)在更寒冷且更漫長(zhǎng)，此處應(yīng)用cold“寒冷的”的比較級(jí)colder。故填(c)older。
179．句意：科學(xué)家稱這個(gè)時(shí)期為“小冰期”。根據(jù)“Scientists...this time the ‘Little Ice Age’ (小冰期).”和所給首字母可知，科學(xué)家應(yīng)是稱這個(gè)時(shí)期為“小冰期”，call“稱作”，主語“Scientists”為復(fù)數(shù)，且描述客觀事實(shí)，動(dòng)詞用原形。故填(c)all。
180．句意：更寒冷的天氣帶來了許多嚴(yán)重的問題。根據(jù)“The colder weather...many serious problems.”和所給首字母可知，更寒冷的天氣應(yīng)是帶來了許多嚴(yán)重的問題，“帶來”bring，此處用過去式brought與上下文時(shí)態(tài)一致，描述過去發(fā)生的事。故填(b)rought。
181．句意：有時(shí)，一大塊冰會(huì)從山上滑落并摧毀一些村莊。根據(jù)“piece of ice would slide down (滑落) a mountain and destroy (摧毀) some villages.”和所給首字母可知，應(yīng)是一大塊冰從山上滑落，才會(huì)摧毀一些村莊，“巨大的”huge，形容詞作定語。故填(h)uge。
182．句意：在小冰期，太陽黑子比現(xiàn)在更少。與“During the Little Ice Age”形成時(shí)間對(duì)比，此處需用表示現(xiàn)在的副詞。結(jié)合所給首字母可知，today“現(xiàn)在”，符合語境。故填(t)oday。
183．句意：太陽黑子減少，導(dǎo)致太陽釋放的使地球變暖的能量更少。動(dòng)詞“giving out”后接名詞作賓語，根據(jù)科學(xué)常識(shí)和所給首字母可知，此處指“能量”energy，不可數(shù)名詞。故填(e)nergy。
184．句意：火山爆發(fā)可能是另一個(gè)自然原因。前文已提及太陽是原因之一，此處應(yīng)表示另一個(gè)原因，結(jié)合所給首字母可知，another“另一、又一”符合語境。故填(a)nother。
185．句意：火山灰可能會(huì)阻擋太陽的光和熱量到達(dá)地球。與“heat”并列，需用名詞“光”light，不可數(shù)形式。故填(l)ight。
186．句意：科學(xué)家認(rèn)為人類通過燃燒大量煤炭和石油導(dǎo)致了這一變化。根據(jù)“people are causing this change by...a lot of coal and oil. So we need to change our way of living”和所給首字母可知，應(yīng)是燃燒煤炭和石油，burn“燃燒”，by后接動(dòng)名詞。故填(b)urning。
（2025·江蘇揚(yáng)州·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和首字母提示，在下文空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使短文完整。在答題卡標(biāo)有題號(hào)的橫線上，完整地寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式。(每空一詞)
Chinese writer Wang Zengqi once wrote, “When I arrive man a new place... I prefer to visit the local farmers market to see live chickens and ducks, fresh vegetables and bright fruits. It’s lively and brings me a sense of the joy of l 187 .”
Nowadays, more people feel the same as Wang. They love to explore farmers markets wherever they visit. These traditional markets, which used to be just local s 188 places, are attracting visitors during holidays, especially the young. They think visiting a city w 189 exploring farmers markets is a waste of a trip. There they can enjoy mouthwatering food, local culture and real nature of a city.
Luo Yan, a tour lover, travels around markets nationwide. He agrees these farmers markets are c 190 to local people’s daily life than those scenic spots (風(fēng)景點(diǎn)) and supermarkets which seem all the same everywhere. In Xi’an, he enjoyed tasty Roujiamo, w 191 in Inner Mongolia, he tasted the famous air-dried beef. The generous sellers e 192 shared with him some trade secrets.
Foreign travellers, too, consider these markets as interesting w 193 into Chinese daily life. Luo Yan noticed a group of American tourists walking around a farmers market in Beijing. They talked with the sellers though they had difficulties with l 194 and could not stop trying local snacks. The visit left a lasting impression on those foreign visitors. They are touched by the energy of locals and the flavour of Chinese daily life.
The popularity of farmers markets among visitors shows an important c 195 —from a focus on scenes that cover every place to deeper experiences of local life. As part of this trend, many old farmers markets are upgraded or set to reopen. One of them is the Chongwenmen farmers market, which was b 196 in 1976. After 15 years of closure, it reopened to the public earlier this year.
【答案】
187．(l)ife 188．(s)hopping 189．(w)ithout 190．(c)loser 191．(w)hile 192．(e)ven 193．(w)indows 194．(l)anguage 195．(c)hange 196．(b)uilt
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)作為體驗(yàn)當(dāng)?shù)匚幕蜕畹拇翱?，越來越受到游客的青睞，并成為旅游新趨勢(shì)的現(xiàn)象。
187．句意：它充滿活力，給我?guī)砹松畹南矏偂８鶕?jù)“I prefer to visit the local farmers market to see live chickens and ducks, fresh vegetables and bright fruits”可知，貿(mào)市場(chǎng)帶來生活的喜悅，the joy of life表示“生活的喜悅”，故填(l)ife。
188．句意：這些傳統(tǒng)市場(chǎng)過去只是當(dāng)?shù)氐馁?gòu)物場(chǎng)所，現(xiàn)在吸引了假期游客，尤其是年輕人。根據(jù)“These traditional markets”和首字母“s”可知，此處指“購(gòu)物場(chǎng)所”。shopping“購(gòu)物”，作定語修飾places。故填(s)hopping。
189．句意：他們認(rèn)為不探索農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)的城市之旅是浪費(fèi)。根據(jù)“visiting a city...exploring farmers markets is a waste”和首字母“w”可知，此處表示沒有探索農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)的城市旅行是浪費(fèi)，需用介詞without。故填(w)ithout。
190．句意：他認(rèn)為農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)比千篇一律的景點(diǎn)和超市更貼近當(dāng)?shù)厝说娜粘Ｉ?。根?jù)“are...to local people’s daily life”和首字母“c”可知，農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)比景點(diǎn)和超市更貼近當(dāng)?shù)厝松?，此處需用比較級(jí)，closer“更接近的”符合語境。故填(c)loser。
191．句意：在西安，他品嘗了肉夾饃，而在內(nèi)蒙古，他嘗試了著名的風(fēng)干牛肉。根據(jù)“In Xi’an...in Inner Mongolia”和首字母“w”可知，此處表示對(duì)比，需用連詞while“而”。故填(w)hile。
192．句意：慷慨的賣家甚至與他分享了一些行業(yè)秘密。根據(jù)“shared with him some trade secrets.”和首字母“e”可知，此處表示遞進(jìn)，需用副詞even“甚至”，表示賣家甚至與他分享了一些行業(yè)秘密。故填(e)ven。
193．句意：外國(guó)游客也認(rèn)為這些市場(chǎng)是了解中國(guó)日常生活的有趣窗口。根據(jù)“interesting ... into Chinese daily life”和首字母“w”可知，此處比喻為“窗口”，window“窗口”，復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指。故填(w)indows。
194．句意：盡管他們語言不通，但仍與賣家交談，并不停嘗試當(dāng)?shù)匦〕?。根?jù)“They talked with the sellers though they had difficulties”和首字母“l(fā)”可知，此處指“語言障礙”。language“語言”，名詞。故填(l)anguage。
195．句意：農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)的流行顯示了一個(gè)重要變化——從關(guān)注千篇一律的景點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)向深度體驗(yàn)當(dāng)?shù)厣?。根?jù)“shows an important”和首字母“c”可知，此處指一個(gè)重要變化。change“變化”，名詞。故填(c)hange。
196．句意：其中之一是崇文門農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)，它建于1976年。根據(jù)“in 1976”和首字母“b”可知，此處需用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，表示“被建造”，built“建造”，過去分詞。故填(b)uilt。
（2025·江蘇連云港·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文意思和首字母提示，寫出一個(gè)完整正確的單詞。
When people do not get enough food, they cannot grow strong or healthy. We should include plenty of v 197 and other plant-based foods in our diets. They provide necessary nutrients (營(yíng)養(yǎng)) for our h 198 .
Scientists are working hard to make sure that everyone can have e 199 food to eat. They are thinking of all kinds of new ways to g 200 plants. For example, they create plants that can survive in difficult conditions, and use technology to grow fresh food in p 201 like deserts (沙漠).
It’s quite challenging for plants to live in deserts because they are very hot, have very l 202 water, and have poor-quality soil. Sometimes there is even salt in the soil, which makes it h 203 for most plants to survive.
However, over time, plants have w 204 out clever ways to deal with the challenges of living in the desert. Desert plants have small, narrow leaves or wax layers (蠟層) on their leaves to p 205 themselves from the sun. They also have deep roots (根) that go far into the ground for w 206 . Some plants can take in salt and store it in their cells.
【答案】
197．(v)egetables 198．(h)ealth 199．(e)nough 200．(g)row 201．(p)laces 202．(l)ittle 203．(h)ard/(h)arder 204．(w)orked 205．(p)rotect 206．(w)ater
【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了食物對(duì)健康的重要性以及科學(xué)家們?yōu)榻鉀Q全球糧食問題而采取的創(chuàng)新方法，特別是如何在極端環(huán)境（如沙漠）中種植植物，同時(shí)介紹了沙漠植物為了生存而進(jìn)化出的獨(dú)特適應(yīng)機(jī)制。
197．句意：我們應(yīng)該在飲食中包含大量的蔬菜和其他植物性食物。根據(jù)“and other plant-based foods in our diets”可知要吃大量的蔬菜，vegetable“蔬菜”，用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填(v)egetables。
198．句意：它們?yōu)槲覀兊慕】堤峁┍匾臓I(yíng)養(yǎng)。根據(jù)“hey provide necessary nutrients (營(yíng)養(yǎng)) for our”可知蔬菜可以為我們的健康提供營(yíng)養(yǎng)，health“健康”，不可數(shù)名詞。故填(h)ealth。
199．句意：科學(xué)家們正在努力確保每個(gè)人都能有足夠多的食物吃。根據(jù)“food to eat”可知是有足夠的食物吃，enough“足夠的”。故填(e)nough。
200．句意：他們正在想各種新方法來種植植物。根據(jù)“they create plants that can survive in difficult conditions”可知在想辦法種植植物，grow“種植”，動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to后加動(dòng)詞原形。故填(g)row。
201．句意：他們創(chuàng)造了可以在惡劣條件下生存的植物，并利用技術(shù)在像沙漠這樣的地方種植新鮮食物。根據(jù)“l(fā)ike deserts”可知是在沙漠這樣的地方，place“地方”，用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填(p)laces。
202．句意：植物在沙漠中生存是非常具有挑戰(zhàn)性的，因?yàn)樯衬浅Ｑ谉?，幾乎沒有水，土壤質(zhì)量也很差。根據(jù)“It’s quite challenging for plants to live in deserts because they are very hot, have very...water”可知沙漠里幾乎沒有水，little“幾乎沒有”。故填(l)ittle。
203．句意：有時(shí)土壤中甚至有鹽，這使得大多數(shù)植物很難生存。根據(jù)“there is even salt in the soil”可知土壤里有鹽，大多數(shù)植物在這樣的土壤中很難生存，hard“難的”，此處可用形容詞原級(jí)，也可用比較級(jí)。故填(h)ard/(h)arder。
204．句意：然而，隨著時(shí)間的推移，植物已經(jīng)想出了應(yīng)對(duì)沙漠生存挑戰(zhàn)的巧妙方法。根據(jù)“out clever ways”可知是想出了辦法，work out“解決，想出”，此處用過去分詞和have構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填(w)orked。
205．句意：沙漠植物的葉子很小、很窄，或者葉子上有蠟層以保護(hù)自己免受陽光的傷害。根據(jù)“themselves from the sun”可知這些蠟層可以保護(hù)它們免受陽光的傷害，protect...from“保護(hù)……免受……”，動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to后加動(dòng)詞原形。故填(p)rotect。
206．句意：它們還有深入地下尋找水的深根。根據(jù)“They also have deep roots (根) that go far into the ground for”可知根深入地下尋找水，water“水”。故填(w)ater。
考點(diǎn)3 語境提示填空
（2025·河南·中考真題）閱讀下面一首詩歌，根據(jù)語篇要求填空，使詩歌通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞。
The life of a fish
The life of a fish must be good, I feel.
As long 207 you avoid the fishing reel (代指魚鉤).
I would swim all day, in the ocean (海洋) blue.
I would lie in 208 sun, with nothing to do.
I wouldn’t have homework to do for my school.
I wouldn’t need to worry 209 all of those rules.
There would be no ice cream, no chocolate, no cake.
No playing in the park, no sitting by the lake.
I think I would miss my comfortable bed.
I wouldn’t like 210 sleep in a cave (洞穴) instead.
A life in the ocean 211 not the life for me.
The life of a fish I’d rather be me!
【答案】207．a(chǎn)s 208．the 209．a(chǎn)bout 210．to 211．is
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一首詩歌，介紹了作者對(duì)魚的生活的想象。作者認(rèn)為魚的生活很美好，但是魚的生活不是作者想要的生活。
207．句意：只要你不碰到魚鉤就行。根據(jù)“As long...you avoid the fishing reel (代指魚鉤).”可知，此處是as long as引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。故填as。
208．句意：我會(huì)躺在陽光下，無所事事地坐著。根據(jù)“I would lie in...sun”可知，此處是in the sun“在陽光下”，故填the。
209．句意：我就不必為那些規(guī)則而煩惱了。根據(jù)“I wouldn’t need to worry...all of those rules.”可知，此處是worry about“擔(dān)心”，故填about。
210．句意：我可不想睡在山洞里。根據(jù)“I wouldn’t like...sleep in a cave (洞穴) instead.”可知，此處是wouldn’t like to“不想要”，故填to。
211．句意：在海洋中生活對(duì)我來說并非理想的選擇。根據(jù)“A life in the ocean...not the life for me.”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是“A life in the ocean”，be動(dòng)詞用is，故填is。
（2025·山西·中考真題）
請(qǐng)閱讀下面語篇，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容，將適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填入空白處。每空一詞。
Have Your Say
A smile shows that a person has a feeling of great pleasure. For example, a person may smile when he is pleased with a grade on a test 212 when he hears a funny joke. But smiles are more than just a way for people to show happiness.
It is easier to smile than to show unhappiness. In fact, it only takes 17 muscles (肌肉) to show you feel 213 . On the other hand, it takes 43 muscles to show you feel unhappy. So give the muscles in your face a rest and smile!
You may try to look nice by wearing nice clothes. However, as a famous say/ 讓教學(xué)更有效 精品試卷 | 英語學(xué)科
專題18 短文填空
考點(diǎn)1 語法填空
（2025·河北·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或填入括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
There is a special jug (罐) on our kitchen table. I put some small pieces of paper and a pen next 1 the jug. Anyone in my family is free to write down something good that has happened 2 (recent). With pieces of paper in it, the jug 3 (call)”Good Things Jug”.
Many good things happen in a year. At 4 end of the year, we get together to empty the jug. We take 5 (turn) to read the “Good Things” aloud. Some of the things are 6 (interest), some are serious, and some just give hope.
Over the past twelve 7 (month), there have been many difficult things in our family. Noticing the “Good Things” has helped us go through the hard time. Here 8 (be) a few things from the “Good Things Jug”:
“Jim 9 I went camping with our parents. There we 10 (teach) my pet cat how to clap (拍) with his feet.”
“With my parents’ care, I was well again after a serious illness. I’m so 11 (thank) to my parents for their love. It’s the best thing on earth!”
“Dad got a better job today!”
Our “Good Things Jug” is full 12 love, hope and happiness. The little messages remind 13 (we) that we can always expect good things to come, even during difficult times. Therefore, I encourage you 14 (create) your “Good Things Jug” today. I am sure it 15 (make) a big difference in your future life.
（2025·湖南長(zhǎng)沙·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
I have always loved reading books that were written hundreds or even thousands of years ago. These are the literature classics (文學(xué)經(jīng)典), and they 16 (be) of lasting value. For example, The Iliad, written almost three thousand years ago, tells us about the good and bad qualities (品質(zhì)) of human nature; that is to say, we can be heroic and silly at 17 same time.
China has 18 (it) own long history of classical literature that dates back to the “Four Books and Five Classics”. These books 19 (write) before the Qin Dynasty. No one was considered educated unless they had read these classics. Even today, students are encouraged 20 (read) The Analects of Confucius (《論語》).
There are also 21 (new) classics than those above, such as Journey to the West and A Dream of Red Mansions. Still, many people don’t want to read them 22 they are long and have complex plots (復(fù)雜的情節(jié)). But they are great 23 (story) which also show the goodness and weakness of human nature.
Are you interested 24 learning more about the classics Just reading some of them will give you a better understanding of the basis (基礎(chǔ)) of culture then. They will also help you better understand yourself and others. 25 (slow) but surely, you will fall in love with them.
（2025·內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題）
閱讀短文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
(Read Elin’s email from Norway to a friend in China she has never met.)To: Li Ming
Subject: Your friend
Hi Li Ming,
Thanks for your email. It’s great to hear from you!
You asked about 26 (I). Well, I 27 (graduate) from college last year and I’m working in an office now. In my free time, I 28 (usual) get together with friends, go hiking, and chat with family and friends online.
Oslo is the capital of Norway and is 29 (large) than any other city in the country. Oslo is such 30 amazing place that many people come for a visit every year. It’s full of great museums and restaurants. It’s a good 31 (choose) if you have a travel plan. I don’t know if everyone 32 (like) winter sports in Norway, but a lot of us enjoy skiing and snowboarding (see the photo of me). I saw your graduation photo. That is so 33 (interest)! Learning that you are studying traditional Chinese medicine, I want to know more about it.
Thanks too for your invitation to your city. I wonder 34 people do for fun there.
Let’s keep in touch. Looking forward to 35 (meet) you soon.
Elin
（2025·新疆·中考真題）
閱讀短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或用括號(hào)中所給詞的正確形式填空。每空不超過兩詞。
During the Warring States Period (戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期), many states made changes to become stronger. One of the most 36 (success) changes was created by Shang Yang in Qin
Shang Yang worked out a set of 37 (plan). At first, these plans were not easily 38 (accept) because people didn’t believe in him.
To solve this problem, Shang Yang came 39 with an idea. He ordered his men to put a thin wooden pole (桿) at the south gate. Then he said anyone who took the pole to the north gate would 40 (receive) 10 gold pieces. The task was so easy 41 nobody believed it was true. They all thought Shang Yang was joking. After seeing that, Shang Yang said he would offer 50 gold pieces to anyone who did it.
And 42 (final), a man wanted to have a try. He put the pole on his shoulder and walked to the north gate. 43 his surprise, Shang Yang paid him 50 gold pieces.
The news spread across the capital. Soon, people were saying Shang Yang was a man of 44 (he) word. Then people 45 (follow) him without question. With his efforts, Qin 46 (become) the strongest of all the states.
（2025·貴州·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Do you know about Chinese painting It is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. It 47 (have) a long history and fine traditions in the field of art in the world.
48 (draw) a Chinese painting, you need a writing brush, ink (墨), rice paper, and ink stone. Especially, rice paper (xuan paper) is the best tool for Chinese painting because it allows the writing brush, wet with Chinese ink and held in a well-trained hand to move 49 (free) on it.
Three main subjects of Chinese pointing are human figures (人物), landscapes, and birds and 50 (flower). For example, the painting of ladies, the painting of mountains, and the painting of insects and fish. Figure painting became highly 51 (develop) during the Tang dynasty. And landscape painting 52 (reach) its height during the Song dynasty.
Two main techniques (技巧) can be found in Chinese painting. One 53 (be) gongbi often referred to as “fine-line” painting. This style of painting pays close attention to detail. Very often it 54 (use) to draw people or animals. The other is freehand style, referred to as “xieyf”. It pays more attention to expressing an 55 (artist) feelings. Artists often use this technique in landscape paintings.
Chinese paintings do not try to draw the out-looking of a subject, but 56 (it) nature or character. Every area of the painting is interesting to the eye.
（2025·湖南·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Long, long ago, there was a city called Jijiaocheng, so named because it was said to have been built at daybreak. 57 city was on the rich Liyang Plain (平原). Many waterways 58 (provide) water for crop fields and the people living inside and outside of the city.
The rulers of Jijiaocheng asked the people 59 (cut) down trees in the mountains. The wood was shipped by 60 (worker) to the city for tall buildings. Standing in them, the city’s rulers will be able to see 61 (they) people and crops between the waterways. In autumn, plenty of rice was brought to the city.
This is not some bedtime story. It 62 (real) took place around 4,500 years ago.
Thousands of years later, the once busy 63 rich Jijiaocheng, which is now in a town of Hunan, came to the notice of the modern world. With the help of archaeologists (考半車) and historians, artists painted recreations of life in Jijiaocheng in a 64 (tradition) scroll (卷釉).
The scroll was part of a huge project. A group of artists spent two years 65 it. It includes eight paintings, which are 140 meters long in total. It 66 (show) early human activities on the Liyang Plain and the prehistoric culture in Hunan.
（2025·黑龍江綏化·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
You may not realize it, but you are doing more than just 67 (study) when you are at school. School is also the place where you learn to get along well with people. However, this is not always easy. What can you do if you just don’t like one of your classmates
If you discover that you have 68 (problem) getting along with your classmates or friends, one of the 69 (important) things to learn is tolerance (寬容). Tolerance is the 70 (able) to realize and respect the differences in others. We can’t change the ways that other people do, so it is important to learn to live happily with them.
If everyone 71 (learn) tolerance, they will get on better with each other. Knowing others constantly (不斷地) also lets us understand 72 (other) differences.
Something different does not 73 (exact) mean that it is bad. Tolerance teaches us how 74 (keep) an even temper (溫和的脾氣) and an open mind.
As an old 75 (say) goes, “Treat others how you want to be treated.” The world is very different, and practising tolerance in 76 (you) own school and city can help make things better.
（2025·貴州·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Maps have been an important tool for humans for thousands of years. They were first created to meet people’s basic needs. In the past, people 77 (need) maps to find directions. As society developed, people also used maps for traveling, exploration and trade.
In ancient times, maps were 78 (draw) by hand. They were usually very simple. People used symbols and pictures to show important places and routes.
As time passed, maps became more detailed (詳細(xì)的). Some map makers started to use new methods 79 (create) maps. They included more information about the world in maps, such as the locations of 80 (city) and rivers. This made maps more 81 (use) for planning trips and looking for new places.
During the Age of Exploration, map-making skills improved 82 (great). Many explorers went to new places and brought back 83 (they) findings. This helped map makers create more accurate (精確的) maps of the world.
Today, we have electronic maps on computers and smartphones. They can suggest the 84 (good) routes, provide real-time traffic conditions and recommend nearby attractions, which makes it possible to save time. Therefore, our 85 (day) lives become more convenient.
Maps have changed over time, but their purpose 86 (remain) the same: to help people understand and find their ways around the world.
（2025·福建·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)語境或所給單詞的提示，在每個(gè)空格內(nèi)填入一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，要求所填的詞意義準(zhǔn)確、形式正確，使短文意思完整、行文連貫。
The Great Wall, which is a symbol of our history, snakes across a mountain area of Tianzhu, Gansu province. Thirty-nine protectors work 87 (careful) in the area to protect the great wonder.
With 88 history of over 2,000 years, the wall in Gansu wasn’t in good condition. Nature did great harm to the wall. Some 89 (part) of the wall were washed away by heavy rains and blown away by strong winds. People in some places also harmed it.
But things started to change. In 2006, Great Wall Protection Regulations (條例) 90 (come) into effect. After that, more and more people started to take part 91 caring for the wall. In recent years, the government of Tianzhu has spent more and more money 92 (protect) the wall. Modern technology like self-driven sensing technology 93 drones (無人機(jī)) have also been used to watch the wall.
With all these efforts, the protectors are still busy with the work. Every week they guard the wall, and any changes are well recorded and 94 (report) to the government. They also help people realize it’s important to protect cultural heritage (遺產(chǎn)). Luckily, with 95 (they) hard work, much greater changes have taken place.
“As long as we are here, we will protect this wall. It is our job and our 96 (proud),” said one of the protectors.
（2025·四川眉山·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Embroidery (刺繡) was often regarded as “women’s work” in the past. And it was not common for a boy 97 (learn) it. Therefore, Fu Jian’s parents didn’t want 98 (he) to work in this industry at first. But Fu didn’t care. He believed he could do it well.
Fu was born into an embroidery family in Yangzhou. His mother is 99 master craftswoman (女工匠) of Suzhou embroidery. Fu fell in love with this beautiful art when he was four years old. In his last year of high school, Fu set his life goal 100 (clear). “Although many people know about this traditional art, I want to help them learn 101 (much) about it,” he said.
After graduating from college, Fu and his mother built a research center of Suzhou embroidery. Since then, he 102 (invent) many new stitches (針法). He has also trained many 103 (worker).
Fu spends a lot of time 104 his works. Even so, he enjoys it. “I often work late into midnight, 105 I never feel tired. I think that’s because I’m doing what I love,” said the 37-year-old.
Most recently, the artist “created” a piece of bronze ware (青銅器皿) on cloth. What gave him the idea to create this work “Many bronzes can only 106 (see) in museums. A work of embroidery, however, can be hung in one’s home or office. People can see it at any time,” said Fu.
（2025·四川德陽·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Night schools are nothing new today. Li Mei is 107 engineer in the day. But in the evening, she becomes a student at a night school in Chengdu. She is trying new 108 (hobby) with her 5-year-old son, such as cooking and singing. She used to spend evenings 109 (watch) her son play in the park. Now she can try new things with him at a night school.
A growing number of Chinese people go to night schools. They can learn 110 (color) things, from art 111 sports, for free. Young people 112 want to look for new skills and friends go to night schools.
In the 1980s, many people 113 (go) to night schools for further education. However, night schools were gone because more people got higher education. Some new night schools came to Shanghai last autumn. Then more night schools 114 (quick) appeared in other cities. For example, Miss Wang from Deyang thinks that night schools are good places for her 115 (make) friends. “I used to spend much of my time alone. I have felt more connected with modern society since I became a student of the night school,” she said.
Young people wish to make themselves better so that 116 (they) daily lives can be meaningful. That has made night schools develop rapidly.
（2025·江蘇蘇州·中考真題）
請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，在答題卡標(biāo)有題號(hào)的橫線上，填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
On Pingjiang Road in Suzhou, 65-year-old Ms Wu runs a traditional tea house for 30years. She never expected 117 (oneself) to become a tea master who helped build a cultural bridge.
It started in 2015 when a German tourist named Klaus walked into her shop. With the help of a phone app, Ms Wu 118 (patient) showed him the way to properly brew (沏) Biluochun, Suzhou’s famous green tea. Klaus returned every day that week and 119 (bring) more friends each time.
Seeing how 120 (interest) they were in Chinese tea, Ms Wu started a weekly activity called “Tea Culture Saturdays”. She showed foreigners 121 to brew tea with traditional methods—from choosing the water temperature to 122 (follow) tea-making rules. Her daughter Lily, a college student, helped translate.
Soon, her tea house was always crowded with 123 (visit), including students and business people from many places. “I used to think foreigners wouldn’t understand our tea culture, 124 they love it deeply. Some of them even treat their friends with Chinese tea at home,” Ms Wu said.
One of her favourite 125 (moment) was when Sarah, a Canadian, gave her a notebook filled with tea notes written in both English and Chinese. “This is why I keep teaching,” Ms Wu said, showing 126 treasured notebook.
Now, her tea house appears in travel guides as “Suzhou’s cultural living room”. For tourists, every cup of tea served is a window on the tea culture of this ancient city.
（2025·山東煙臺(tái)·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Jiang Zhaopeng, an 18-year-old medical student from Shandong City Service Technician College in Yantai, faced a life-or-death test on Saturday — not in an exam hall, 127 in the backseat of a taxi.
May 10th, 2025 is the first day of this year’s spring college entrance exam. At about 8:10 a.m., Jiang 128 (head) to the testing place with his classmate in a taxi when suddenly Jiang’s classmate fell down, showing signs of a heart attack.
“I thought he was just tired at first,” Jiang said. “But then I realized he was in a 129 (danger) condition, because he seemed to stop breathing.”
Depending on first aid 130 (skill) learned in school, Jiang took action at once. He 131 (lay) his classmate flat in the backseat of the taxi and began performing CPR (心肺復(fù)蘇). At the same time, Jiang asked the driver Wang Tao to drive 132 (quick) to the hospital.
Only after making sure his classmate was under professional care did Jiang rush to take the exam, but it was too late 133 (take) the 9 a.m. Chinese language test. Although this was 134 important chance to continue higher education, he said he had no regrets about his 135 (decide). “Exams can be retaken, but a life cannot,” he said.
Jiang’s story drew widespread praise from all over the country. Four days later, a make-up exam 136 (organize) for Jiang. Jiang and Wang have received official praise and have also been recommended as candidates (候選人) for the “China Good Person List” for the second quarter of 2025.
（2025·四川遂寧·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式填空。
The Yellow River runs from the mountains 137 the sea. It gave birth to one of 138 oldest and most famous cultures in the world—the Yellow River culture. In the hearts of 139 (China) people, the Yellow River is the mother river. It is expected to play a more important role in our country’s 140 (develop).
The river got its name Huanghe in Chinese 141 its water is yellow, as it took lots of yellow sand to the water when it ran through the Loess Plateau (黃土高原).
The river starts from Qinghai Province in the northwestern China. It runs through a lot of places before 142 (run) into the Bohai sea. The 5,464-kilometre-long river 143 (feed) about 12% of China’s population and provides water for about 15% of fields and more than 60 144 (city).
So far, our country 145 (make) great efforts in the environmental protection of river. Each year over 400 million tons of sand is prevented from being washed into it. Our mother river has become much 146 (clear) than before.
（2025·四川南充·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并將答案寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的橫線上。
The astronauts of Shenzhou-20—Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie — worked for about eight hours and 147 (complete) the first space walk on May 22nd. What is the life like in space
After a long day at work, astronauts will have dinners. In space, some foods can 148 (eat) in their natural forms, such as chocolate cakes and fruits. Other foods require an oven to heat.
After dinner, astronauts have a rest, brush teeth 149 go to bed, just like on the earth. When going to sleep, they have to tie 150 (they), so they don’t float (漂浮) around or hit their bodies 151 something. They usually use sleeping bags that are put in a small cabin. Generally, astronauts have 152 eight-hour sleep each day after they finish their task.
Exercise is also an important part of every astronaut’s daily life. 153 (keep) healthy, on average, they exercise two hours every day. Lifting 200 154 (pound) may be a lot of work on the earth. But lifting that same object in space would be much 155 (easy). That means sports equipment needs to be 156 (special) designed. Therefore, astronauts can receive the exercise needed.
（2025·四川達(dá)州·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文在文章空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Last summer, a group of middle school students went on a school trip to a small village. They were excited 157 (see) a different part of the country. The village was far 158 the city, and there were full of beautiful views along the way. When they arrived, they found the village was very 159 (peace).
The students were 160 (divide) into small groups to stay with local families. At first, some students felt a bit nervous, 161 they started to enjoy the life there soon. One day, they met an old man who was having trouble in 162 (carry) a heavy load. Without thinking twice, the students rushed to help him. They carried the load to 163 (he) home and even helped him clean the house. The old man was very grateful and told them many interesting stories about the village.
During the trip, the students learned how to plant crops and look after animals 164 (careful). They also helped the local farmers with their work. It was 165 meaningful and challenging experience for them. They realized that even a small act of 166 (kind) could bring great joy to others.
（2025·四川瀘州·中考真題）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Wan Haibo, a 43-year-old deliveryman (快遞員) in Tianjin, was honored as a National Model Worker (全國(guó)勞動(dòng)模范) in 2025. After receiving 167 honor, Wan said, “I feel very excited and proud.”
Born in the countryside in Handan, Hebei, Wan went to Tianjin in 2018 and 168 (become) a deliveryman. “There’s no easy way to success. Every package (包裹) means responsibility and trust, so it’s necessary to send it in time,” he said. “I thought about stopping, 169 finally got through all the difficulties.”
Wan is responsible 170 a large community. He sends about 500 packages a day, but it can increase to even 1,000 daily during online shopping festivals. He 171 (usual) starts work around 6 am and finishes work around 8 pm—that can last to midnight during busy 172 (season).
In the past seven years, he 173 (send) over 720,000 packages without any mistake. When facing terrible weather and possible delays (延遲), he will call customers right away to explain.
Wan is a warm-hearted person 174 shows special care for older or disabled people. He always helps them buy medicine and take away 175 (they) rubbish during deliveries. Since April 2022, he has volunteered to check and report safety risks in his community.
“I’m satisfied that we deliverymen get more social respect now,” Wan said. “I’ll keep working hard and encourage more people around me 176 (help) others.”
考點(diǎn)2 首字母提示完成短文
（2025·天津·中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使短文意思完整。每空限填一詞。
Today the earth is getting warmer and warmer. But hundreds of years a 177 , people had a different problem—a 400-year cold period! From the 1400s to the 1800s, winters in the northern half of the earth were c 178 and longer than they are now. Scientists c 179 this time the “Little Ice Age” (小冰期).
The colder weather b 180 many serious problems. Plants died of cold and illness spread among people. People had to spend a lot more time collecting wood for fires to keep their house warm. And sometimes, a h 181 piece of ice would slide down (滑落) a mountain and destroy (摧毀) some villages.
Scientists think the Little Ice Age was caused by forces (力量) that people could not control. One cause (起因), in their opinion, was the sun. The sun often has “storms” of energy called sunspots (太陽黑子). During the Little Ice Age, there were fewer sunspots than there are t 182 . With fewer sunspots, the sun was giving out less e 183 which made the earth warm. Volcanic eruption (火山爆發(fā)) was probably a 184 natural cause. During the Little Ice Age, many volcanoes erupted. Their dust (灰塵) might stop the sun’s l 185 and heat from reaching the earth.
Today we are seeing the influences of rising temperature. Scientists think people are causing this change by b 186 a lot of coal and oil. So we need to change our way of living.
（2025·江蘇揚(yáng)州·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和首字母提示，在下文空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使短文完整。在答題卡標(biāo)有題號(hào)的橫線上，完整地寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式。(每空一詞)
Chinese writer Wang Zengqi once wrote, “When I arrive man a new place... I prefer to visit the local farmers market to see live chickens and ducks, fresh vegetables and bright fruits. It’s lively and brings me a sense of the joy of l 187 .”
Nowadays, more people feel the same as Wang. They love to explore farmers markets wherever they visit. These traditional markets, which used to be just local s 188 places, are attracting visitors during holidays, especially the young. They think visiting a city w 189 exploring farmers markets is a waste of a trip. There they can enjoy mouthwatering food, local culture and real nature of a city.
Luo Yan, a tour lover, travels around markets nationwide. He agrees these farmers markets are c 190 to local people’s daily life than those scenic spots (風(fēng)景點(diǎn)) and supermarkets which seem all the same everywhere. In Xi’an, he enjoyed tasty Roujiamo, w 191 in Inner Mongolia, he tasted the famous air-dried beef. The generous sellers e 192 shared with him some trade secrets.
Foreign travellers, too, consider these markets as interesting w 193 into Chinese daily life. Luo Yan noticed a group of American tourists walking around a farmers market in Beijing. They talked with the sellers though they had difficulties with l 194 and could not stop trying local snacks. The visit left a lasting impression on those foreign visitors. They are touched by the energy of locals and the flavour of Chinese daily life.
The popularity of farmers markets among visitors shows an important c 195 —from a focus on scenes that cover every place to deeper experiences of local life. As part of this trend, many old farmers markets are upgraded or set to reopen. One of them is the Chongwenmen farmers market, which was b 196 in 1976. After 15 years of closure, it reopened to the public earlier this year.
（2025·江蘇連云港·中考真題）
根據(jù)短文意思和首字母提示，寫出一個(gè)完整正確的單詞。
When people do not get enough food, they cannot grow strong or healthy. We should include plenty of v 197 and other plant-based foods in our diets. They provide necessary nutrients (營(yíng)養(yǎng)) for our h 198 .
Scientists are working hard to make sure that everyone can have e 199 food to eat. They are thinking of all kinds of new ways to g 200 plants. For example, they create plants that can survive in difficult conditions, and use technology to grow fresh food in p 201 like deserts (沙漠).
It’s quite challenging for plants to live in deserts because they are very hot, have very l 202 water, and have poor-quality soil. Sometimes there is even salt in the soil, which makes it h 203 for most plants to survive.
However, over time, plants have w 204 out clever ways to deal with the challenges of living in the desert. Desert plants have small, narrow leaves or wax layers (蠟層) on their leaves to p 205 themselves from the sun. They also have deep roots (根) that go far into the ground for w 206 . Some plants can take in salt and store it in their cells.
考點(diǎn)3 語境提示填空
（2025·河南·中考真題）閱讀下面一首詩歌，根據(jù)語篇要求填空，使詩歌通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞。
The life of a fish
The life of a fish must be good, I feel.
As long 207 you avoid the fishing reel (代指魚鉤).
I would swim all day, in the ocean (海洋) blue.
I would lie in 208 sun, with nothing to do.
I wouldn’t have homework to do for my school.
I wouldn’t need to worry 209 all of those rules.
There would be no ice cream, no chocolate, no cake.
No playing in the park, no sitting by the lake.
I think I would miss my comfortable bed.
I wouldn’t like 210 sleep in a cave (洞穴) instead.
A life in the ocean 211 not the life for me.
The life of a fish I’d rather be me!
（2025·山西·中考真題）
請(qǐng)閱讀下面語篇，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容，將適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填入空白處。每空一詞。
Have Your Say
A smile shows that a person has a feeling of great pleasure. For example, a person may smile when he is pleased with a grade on a test 212 when he hears a funny joke. But smiles are more than just a way for people to show happiness.
It is easier to smile than to show unhappiness. In fact, it only takes 17 muscles (肌肉) to show you feel 213 . On the other hand, it takes 43 muscles to show you feel unhappy. So give the muscles in your face a rest and smile!
You may try to look nice by wearing nice clothes. However, as a famous saying goes: A smile is the best thing a person can wear. That is because people like to make friends with a person 214 is smiling and happy.
When you are mad or sad, try smiling. You’ll find that it will be hard to stay mad or sad for very long! In this way, smiling is very good 215 your body.
Smiling can quickly spread from one person to another. When you smile, people around may smile with you. If someone is down, the best thing to do is to 216 at him. It is the easiest way to cheer him up.
Smiling can move you, change you and give you a life full of joy.
考點(diǎn)4 綜合填空
（2025·黑龍江·中考真題）
閱讀短文，根據(jù)首字母或所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使文章語義通順。
Yan Hongsen is a student from Zhejiang Province. He has been a space lover s 217 he was four. And after he entered primary school, he even gave his classmates a lesson a 218 rockets at an opening ceremony. Because of that, all of his friends called him “rocket boy”.
In 2022, Yan 219 (point) out a rocket was wrongly named in an educational video shown to visitors at a planetarium (天文館) in Lhasa. The planetarium corrected the mistake at once and thanked him.
In the same year, Yan made his decision 220 (build) his own rocket. It took him ten months to do research. He finally created his f 221 rocket.
That rocket only traveled 200 meters in the air and then began to fall, and didn’t open 222 (it) parachute (降落傘) at the highest point. That day, Yan was 223 (excite) but unsatisfied. He researched the r 224 why he failed. He made changes in his choice of materials. Later, he launched (發(fā)射) his second rocket 225 (successful).
According to Yan’s father, Yan is busy with his schoolwork like other kids. His father believes that parents should leave more space for children to achieve their d 226 . Meanwhile, parents should give them enough support.
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