資源簡介 / 讓學習更有效 新課備課備考 | 英語學科2025年仁愛科普版(2024)新八年級英語上冊精講精練Unit 3 Dream Jobs核心語法:虛擬語氣一、基本概念定義:虛擬語氣表示假設、愿望或與事實相反的情況,主要分為三類:與現在事實相反與過去事實相反與將來可能相反核心特點:動詞形式特殊變化常與if條件句搭配使用表達非真實情境二、虛擬語氣基本結構時間類型 if從句動詞形式 主句動詞形式 例句與現在事實相反 過去式(be動詞用were) would/could/might + 動詞原形 If I were you, I would study harder.與過去事實相反 had + 過去分詞 would/could/might + have + 過去分詞 If you had come earlier, you would have met him.與將來可能相反 should/were to + 動詞原形 would/could/might + 動詞原形 If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay home.三、常見虛擬語氣句型wish引導的虛擬:現在:wish + 過去式I wish I were taller.(現在不可能長高)過去:wish + had + 過去分詞He wishes he had studied harder.(后悔過去沒努力)將來:wish + would + 動詞原形I wish it would stop raining.(希望未來改變)as if/as though:She talks as if she were an expert.(其實不是專家)It's (high) time...:It's time you went to bed.(該做而未做的事)would rather:I'd rather you told me the truth now.四、虛擬語氣的特殊形式省略if的倒裝:Were I you (=If I were you), I would refuse.Had he known (=If he had known), he would have come.混合時間虛擬:If you had taken my advice (過去), you wouldn't be in trouble now (現在).含蓄條件句:Without your help (=If there were no your help), I would fail.五、易錯點警示時態混淆: If I have time, I would go.(混合真實條件與虛擬) If I had time, I would go.be動詞誤用: If I was a bird...(虛擬語氣中be動詞用were) If I were a bird...would重復使用: If I would be rich, I would travel. If I were rich, I would travel.六、虛擬語氣常見標志詞類型 關鍵詞愿望 wish, if only, would rather建議/要求 suggest, insist, demand假設 as if, as though固定句型 It's time..., would rather1.— What would you do if you _______ a million dollars — I would give it to charity.A.have B.had C.will have D.would have2.I'm not free today, If I ____ time, I ____ and help him with you.A.have, will go B.had, would go C.have, would go D.had, will go3.The manager of the hotel requests that their guests_____ after 11: 00 p. m.A.not to play loud music B.shouldn't play loud misicC.don't play loud music D.couldn't play loud music4.If you had arrived early, you ______ the first train.A.would have caught B.would catchC.had caught D.caught5.I a big house for my family if I a lot of money.A.would buy, have B.would buy, hadC.will buy, had D.will buy, will have6.What you do if you won dollars A.will, two millions B.will, two millions ofC.would, million of D.would, millions of7.His teacher suggested that he _________a friend from abroad.A.got B.gets C.get D.getting8.— How did you do in the test — Not so well. I________much better but I misread the directions for PartA.could do B.could have doneC.must have done D.should do9.I would suggest they to Sheshan State Resort.A.will go B.go C.have gone D.went10.If I _______ you, I would give some flowers to her.A.am B.are C.was D.were11.If I ______ you, I would represent the class in the school English speech contest.A.was B.were C.am D.are12.The two strangers talked as if they ___ friends for years.A.had been B.are C.were D.have been13.I once suggested that students ____ be given more free time.A.must B.should C.shall D.will14.Without electricity human life ______ quite different today.A.is B.will beC.would have been D.would be15.If I _______ Tom, I _______ the police for help.A.am; will call B.am; would callC.were; can call D.were; would call16.— Come and join us, Betty!— I'm afraid I can't. I'm too busy now. If I ______ time, I would certainly go.A.have B.have had C.will have D.had17.When he saw all his books ________ here and there on the floor, he knew that _______ something terribleA.lying; must have happened B.lie; must happenC.lay; might have happened D.had lain; could have happen18.But for their help, we ____ the program in time.A.can not finish B.will not finishC.had not finished D.could not have finished19.Sir, you should__________ at the red light.But you didn't.A.stop B.have stoppedC.not have stopped D.stopped20.— Are you thinking about going to New York for the holiday — No. But if I ________ the time, I would definitely go.A.have B.had C.have had D.would have21.If I _______ you, I would _______ my homework myself.A.was; did B.am; do C.were; do D.is; did22.I remember the story as though I ______.A.just read it B.have just read itC.had just read it D.were just reading it23.——What would you do if you ____ a million dollars ——I'd give it to the charity.A.win B.won C.will win D.is to win24.If he had really pulled the trigger, I would have __________ then and there.A.ends up B.ended up C.ending up D.end up25.We might have failed if you ________ us a helping hand.A.have not given B.wouldn't give C.had not given D.didn't give26.If I you, I'd keep quiet and listen carefully in class.A.am B.will be C.were27.I would wear a shirt and tie to the party if I ________ you. It's more polite.A.wereB.will beC.am28.If I you, I invite him to go to see a movie.A.am, would B.were, will C.were, would D.was, will29.– What would you do if you ______ a car accident – I will call the police.A.met B.meet C.were meeting30.My English teacher suggested _____ the word study handouts for fifteen minutes every day.A.me to go over B.I go over C.me go over D.I went over31.If I _______ you, I would give some flowers to her.A.am B.are C.was D.were32.But for the rain, we ______ it earlier.A.would finish B.should finishC.should have finished D.must have finished33.— Come and join us, Ben!— I'm afraid I can't. I'm too busy now. If I ________ time, I would certainly go.A.had B.will have C.have had D.have34.I suggested we to the theatre.A.go B.went C.going D.to go35.If it _______ tomorrow, we will go to the park.A.isn't rain B.don't rain C.won't rain D.doesn't rain36.If I were invited to the party,I _______ a red skirt.A.will wear B.wear C.would wear37.He operates this machine ___________ he were an experienced worker.A.if B.as if C.though D.even if38.He is talking so much about America as if he ______ there.A.had been B.has been C.was D.has gone39.He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ______ a goal.A.had scored B.scoredC.would score D.would have scored40.——I don't know if aunt Li ___________ these "stay-home children" tomorrow morning.——If I ___________ her, I would come earlier.A.will come to take care of; am B.come to look after; wereC.will come to take care of; were D.comes to come up with; am41.—Mum, can I go shopping with Gina —Well, If I were you, I homework first.A.will do B.have to finish C.must finish D.would do42.— Come and join us, Jimmy!— I'm sorry, but I'm really busy now. If I ________ time, I would certainly go.A.will have B.have had C.had D.have43.If I ________ a million dollars, I would give it to medical research.A.will have B.have C.had D.am having44.If he was busy, I __________ him.A.wouldn't disturb B.won't disturbC.disturbed D.disturb45. The teacher suggests that he ____ some time doing sports every day.A.spend B.spent C.spends D.will spend46.—Do you want me to lend you some money —I wish you _____. I could pay you back next week.A.would B.did C.had D.should47.________ you have a try, you will never know if you will succeed in doing it.A.Unless B.Because C.Although D.When48.He suggested that the meeting _____ put off.A.not be B.should not C.wouldn't D.be not49.If I ________harder when I was young, I ________a university and lived a different life.A.worked; would entered B.had worked; would have enteredC.would worked; had entered D.have worked; will have entered50.If I _______ Tom, I _______ the police for help.A.am; will call B.am; would callC.were; can call D.were; would call參考答案及試題解析1.B【解析】根據語境可知此句的含義是如果你有一百萬,你該怎樣做。考查的是虛擬語氣的基本用法。條件用過去時,主句要用過去將來時,故選B。【點評】虛擬語氣其實就是if引導條件狀語從句時,詞義為“如果”,不過這個條件是無法實現的。從句中的謂語動詞通常用一般過去時表示,則主句中的謂語動詞用過去將來時。2.B【解析】句意:我今天沒空,如果我有時間,我就和你一起去幫助他。在含有虛擬條件句的復合句中,主句和從句的謂語都要用虛擬語氣。表示與現在事實相反的假設,虛擬條件句為If+主語+動詞的過去式(be動詞用were),主句為主語+should, would, could, might + 動詞原形。所以選B。【點評】考查虛擬語氣。3.B【解析】句意:酒店經理要求客人晚上11點以后不要大聲喧嘩。request要求,后面接賓語從句時,從句中謂語動詞用虛擬語氣,即should+動詞原形,故選B。【點評】考查賓語從句,理解虛擬語氣,熟知虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法,結合語境作出正確選擇。4.A【解析】句意:如果你早到的話,你就趕上第一班火車了。根據句意和句子結果可知句子是虛擬語氣,與過去事實相反,條件句用 had +過去分詞,主句用 should / would / could / might have +過去分詞。結合選項,可知A選項符合題意,故答案為A。【點評】考查虛擬語氣。識記虛擬語氣句子的結構和用法。5.B【解析】句意:如果我有很多錢,我要給家人買個大大的房子。句子用虛擬語氣,所以動詞用過去式,would,had,故答案為B。【點評】考查虛擬語氣結構,if引導的虛擬語氣如果表示與現在事實相反,從句用一般過去時,主句用would+動詞原形。6.D【解析】句意:如果你贏得了數百萬美元你會做什么?millions of數百萬,two million兩百萬;根據該句是虛擬語氣,所以助動詞用would。故答案為D。【點評】考查虛擬語氣和數詞的用法,if條件句使用虛擬語氣的原則,若與現在事實相反的假設,從句用一般過去時,主句用would+動詞原形。7.C【解析】句意: 他的老師建議他從國外找一個朋友。 get得到,動詞;賓語從句的虛擬語氣,建議某人做某事,suggest that sb. (should) do,故選C。【點評】考查賓語從句,注意識記suggest的相關用法。8.B【解析】句意:——你考得怎么樣?——不太好。我本來可以做得更好的,但我誤讀了部分說明。本句是虛擬語氣,根據Not so well是事實,much better but則表示與事實相反的虛擬,問句的did則提示時態,排除AD,B.could have done過去本可以做某事,但沒做。選項C.must have done表示對過去事實的肯定推測。故答案為B。【點評】考查虛擬語氣的用法。掌握could have done過去本可以做某事,但沒做。的用法。9.B【解析】句意:我會建議他們去佘山國家度假村。will go一般將來時;go動詞原形;have gone現在完成時;went動詞過去式。句中的suggest表示“建議”,后接賓語從句時,從句要用虛擬語氣,謂語動詞要用“should+do”形式,should經常會省略,所以設空處用動詞原形go,故選B。【點評】考查虛擬語氣。注意識記suggest表示建議,后接賓語從句,從句要用虛擬語氣。10.D【解析】句意:如果我是你,我會送她一些花。這是由if引導的一個虛擬語氣句子,表示與現在事實相反的情況,其句型為“ if+ 主語 + 動詞的過去式( be 動詞用 were ),主語 +would / could / might / should + 動詞原形”。故選D。【點評】考查虛擬語氣的用法。11.B【解析】 【分析】根據題干,本句的意思是“如果我是你,我就代表全班參加全校的英語演講比賽。”本句的一個虛擬語氣,我是永遠不會成為你的。在虛擬語氣中be動詞不論是第幾人稱,都用were。所以本題選B。【點評】本題實際上是考查虛擬語氣,虛擬語氣是一種假設的情況,并且這種假設的情況是不可能實現的。在做虛擬語氣時,應注意主句一般用would do,從句用if+過去時,而be動詞用were。12.A【解析】句意:這兩個陌生人交談起來,就好像他們是多年的老朋友一樣。根據句中as if,可知引導方式狀語從句是要用虛擬語氣。主句是一般過去時,根據句中時間狀語for years.,從句表示與過去事實相反,謂語動詞用"had+過去分詞"。故選A。【點評】考查虛擬語氣。分析句子結構識別從句類型,確定時態。13.B【解析】句意: 我曾經建議給學生更多的自由時間。A.必須;B.應該;C.應該;D.將。suggest后面的賓語從句應該用虛擬語序,用should+動詞原形,故選B。【點評】考查動詞辨析和虛擬語氣。注意suggest后面的賓語從句用虛擬語序的用法。14.D【解析】句意:如果沒有電,人類今天的生活將大不相同。A:is單數形式;B:will be一般將來時;C:would have been將來完成時;D:would be過去將來時。根據空格前Without electricity,沒有電,此處為虛擬語氣,此處表示與現在事實相反的假設,主句應用should/would/might/could+do,可知此處應用would be,故選D。【點評】考查虛擬語氣,注意識記虛擬語氣的用法。15.D【解析】考查虛擬語氣的用法。對現在事實的虛擬,if從句用一般過去時,主句用would +動詞原形,故選D。16.D【解析】句意:貝蒂,來加入我們到我們中吧!- 恐怕不行,現在我太忙了。如果我有時間我當然會去。虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式,用來表示說話人所說的話并不是事實,而是一種假設、愿望、懷疑或推測。其主要有三種結構:1、與現在事實相反若與現在事實相反,條件從句的謂語用過去式(be通常用were),主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+動詞原形”2、與過去事實相反若與過去事實相反,條件從句的謂語用過去完成時(had+過去分詞),主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+have+過去分詞”3、與將來事實相反若與將來事實相反,條件從句的謂語用過去式(be通常用were),主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+動詞原形”。根據句意可知該句是與現在的事實相反,故選D。【點評】考查虛擬語氣的用法。17.A【解析】句意:當他看到所有的書散落在地板上時,他知道一定發生了什么可怕的事情。根據句中When可知此句是時間狀語從句,從句中動詞saw,用法是see sb./sth. doing sth.看到某物/某人正在做某事,表示動過正在發生。see sb./sth. do sth,表示看到某物/某人經常做某事,根據he knew that _______ something terrible,可知此處表示看到所有的書正散落在地板上,用動詞ing形式。根據he knew that ,可知此處含有賓語從句,主句是一般過去時。結合When he saw all his books ________ here and there on the floor,可推知此處是對表示對過去事情的較有把握的推測。must have done sth.一定做某事。故選A。【點評】考查現在分詞及情態動詞。分析句子結構,并結合句意,判斷動詞時態。18.D【解析】句意:如果沒有他們的幫助,我們不可能按時完成這項計劃。But for,起到了對過去虛擬的條件句作用,后面用would/could/might/should+ have done結構,故選D。【點評】考查虛擬語氣 的基本結構。19.B【解析】句意:先生,你應該在紅燈亮時停下來。但你沒有。這里用虛擬語氣,用情態動詞should + have + 過去分詞,這是對過去的一種虛擬。所以選B。【點評】考查虛擬語氣。20.B【解析】句意:——你在考慮去紐約度假嗎?——不,但是如果我有時間,我肯定會去。如果選A,主句應將would改為will。因為主句謂語用了would+動詞原形,所以從句的謂語用一般過去時had。這是虛擬語氣的句型:表示與現狀或將來事實相反的假設,if從句中用過去式,主語中用would/should/might+動詞原形。故選B。【點評】考查虛擬語氣。21.C【解析】虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式,用來表示說話人所說的話 并不是事實,而是一種假設、愿望、懷疑或推測。判斷是真實條件句還是非真實條件句。只有在非真實條件句中才使用虛擬語氣。通過句子意思,看假設的條件是否 能夠實現,能夠實現是真實條件句,不能使用虛擬語氣;假設的條件不能實現則是非真實條件句,要用虛擬語氣.判斷這個假設是與哪個事實相反。(1)、與現在事實相反若與現在事實相反,條件從句的謂語用過去式(be通常用were),主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+動詞原形”(2)、與過去事實相反若與過去事實相反,條件從句的謂語用過去完成時(had+過去分詞),主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+have+過去分詞”(3)、與將來事實相反若與將來事實相反,條件從句的謂語用過去式(be通常用were),主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+動詞原形”:句意:如果我是你,我會自己做作業。結合語境可知下文中表示與現在相反的事實,故條件狀語從句中用一般故去時態,選C。22.C【解析】句意:我記得這個故事,就好像我剛讀過一樣。just read it一般現在時;have just read it現在完成時;had just read it過去完成時;were just reading it過去進行時;as though好像,引導的從句用過去完成式表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣,故答案為C。【點評】考查過去完成時。識記as though引導的從句的用法并運用正確的時態。23.B【解析】句意:如果你贏了一百萬美元,你要做什么?——我會把它捐給慈善機構。結合語境可知條件從句中描述的是與將來相反的事實,故用一般過去時態,選B。【點評】虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式,用來表示說話人所說的話并不是事實,而是一種假設、愿望、懷疑或推測。判斷是真實條件句還是非真實條件句。只有在非真實條件句中才使用虛擬語氣。通過句子意思,看假設的條件是否能夠實現,能夠實現是真實條件句,不能使用虛擬語氣;假設的條件不能實現則是非真實條件句,要用虛擬語氣.判斷這個假設是與哪個事實相反。1、與現在事實相反若與現在事實相反,條件從句的謂語用過去式(be通常用were),主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+動詞原形”2、與過去事實相反若與過去事實相反,條件從句的謂語用過去完成時(had+過去分詞),主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+have+過去分詞”3、與將來事實相反若與將來事實相反,條件從句的謂語用過去式(be通常用were),主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+動詞原形”.24.B【解析】have后跟過去分詞,end up結束。句意:如果他真的扣動了扳機的話,我早就被當場打死了。故選B。25.C【解析】句意: 如果你不向我們伸出援助之手,我們可能就失敗了。give sb a helping hand向某人伸出援助之手,固定搭配,根據 We might have failed 可知,此處用虛擬語態,主句用might have done,從句應該是表示對過去事情相反的虛擬假設,用過去完成時,用had done,故選C。【點評】考查虛擬語態和過去完成時。注意和過去事情相反的假設的用法。26.C【解析】 與現在事實相反:條件從句用動詞過去式,主句用would/could/should/might+動詞原形;與過去事實相反:條件從句用had done,主句用would/could/should/might+have done;與將來事實相反:條件從句用動詞過去式/should+動詞原形/were to do,主句用would/could/should/might+動詞原形。句意:如果我是你,我上課就會保持安靜,認真聽課。故選C。【點評】考查虛擬語氣的用法。27.A【解析】與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣,if從句用過去時,主句用would/should/might+動詞原形。句意:如果我是你,我就穿襯衫帶領帶去參加聚會。那樣更禮貌。故選A。【點評】 考查虛擬語氣的用法。28.C【解析】句意:句意:如果我是你,我會邀請他去看電影。go to see a movie去看電影;invite sb to do邀請某人做某事;在表達與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣中,Be用were,主句用would。所以選C。29.A【解析】 虛擬語氣中,表示與現在事實相反的句子,if從句用一般過去時,主句用would/should/might+動詞原形。句意:如果你遇到一場交通事故你該怎么做?我將打電話報警。故選A。【點評】考查虛擬語氣的用法。30.B【解析】句意:我的英語老師建議我每天復習單詞學習講義十五分鐘。suggest建議,后接賓語從句,要用虛擬語氣,情態動詞should+動詞原形,should可以省略,go over復習,故選B。【點評】考查虛擬語氣。注意識記suggest引導的賓語從句中,謂語動詞要用should+動詞用形,should可以省略。31.D【解析】 句意:如果我是你,我將要送給她一些鮮花。分析if引導的虛擬語氣。表示與現在事實相反的情況。其句子結構為:從句:if + 主語+ 動詞的過去式(be 用were) + ……主句:主語+ would (should, could , might) + 動詞原形+……例如:If I were you, I would read it again. 如果我是你的話,我再讀一遍。(事實上我不是你)故選D【點評】考查if引導的虛擬語氣。32.C【解析】句意:要不是下雨,我們早就做完了。but for要不是,含有對已經發生事情的一種假設,表示的是過去的某一種狀態,為含蓄的虛擬條件,所以主句的謂語用should+have done,C選項符合句意。A和B都是一般現在時態的虛擬語氣的謂語動詞;D選項也用于虛擬語氣,表示對過去發生的事情的推測,意思是"肯定做了某事"。故答案為C。【點評】考查虛擬語氣。識記虛擬語氣的構成和用法。33.A【解析】虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式,用來表示說話人所說的話 并不是事實,而是一種假設、愿望、懷疑或推測。判斷是真實條件句還是非真實條件句。只有在非真實條件句中才使用虛擬語氣。通過句子意思,看假設的條件是否 能夠實現,能夠實現是真實條件句,不能使用虛擬語氣;假設的條件不能實現則是非真實條件句,要用虛擬語氣.判斷這個假設是與哪個事實相反。(1)、與現在事實相反若與現在事實相反,條件從句的謂語用過去式(be通常用were),主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+動詞原形”(2)、與過去事實相反若與過去事實相反,條件從句的謂語用過去完成時(had+過去分詞),主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+have+過去分詞”(3)、與將來事實相反若與將來事實相反,條件從句的謂語用過去式(be通常用were),主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+動詞原形”:句意:本,來加入我們吧!抱歉,我不能。如果我有時間,我肯定會去的。結合語境可知下文中表示與現在相反的事實,故條件狀語從句中用一般故去時態,選A。【點評】考查虛擬語氣34.A【解析】句意:我題意我們去看戲。當suggest 作“建議,提議”講時,其后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣,即“主語+should+動詞原形”,其中should 可以省略,故選A.【點評】考查虛擬語氣。35.D【解析】句意:如果明天不下雨,我們將會去公園。If,如果,表示假設。符合主將從現用法。此句主句是由will表示的將來時態,所以從句要用一般現在時,且從句主語it為第三人稱,所以要用doesn't,故選D。【點評】考查if用法,if表示假設,時態符合主將從現。36.C【解析】如果我被邀請參加聚會,我會穿紅色的裙子。此處考查虛擬語氣。句中,主句和從句的謂語都要用虛擬語氣,與現在事實相反的假設,從句(條件句)動詞過去式( be一般用were);主句(結果句) should /would/ could/ might +動詞原形。故答案為C。【點評】考查條件句中使用虛擬語氣。37.B【解析】 句意:他操作這臺機器,仿佛自己是一個經驗豐富的工人。if 如果;as if 仿佛;though 盡管;even though 即使,盡管。根據句子結構和語境分析可知,此句表示一種虛擬或假設,即:事實上他不是一位經驗豐富的工人,故為虛擬語氣,故用as if引導方式狀語從句,"仿佛",故選B。【點評】考查as if引導的方式狀語從句中虛擬語氣的用法。注意正確理解選項的意思并正確分析句子結構,根據題目所給語境選擇正確的選項。38.A【解析】句意:他滔滔不絕地談論美國,好像他去過似的。A:had been過去完成時;B:has been去過,現在完成時;C:was過去式;D:has gone去了,現在完成時。根據空格前as if,好像,句子為虛擬語氣,此處表示與過去事實相反的情況,時態應為過去完成時,結構為had done,可知此處應用had been,故選A。【點評】考查虛擬語氣,注意識記虛擬語氣中過去完成時的用法。39.D【解析】句意:他在踢球之前猶豫了一下,否則他就進了一球。had scored過去完成時;scored一般過去時;would score過去將來時;would have scored虛擬語氣,表示對過去事情的假設。根據otherwise和hesitated可知這里是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣,故答案為D。【點評】考查虛擬語氣。理解句意和句子結果,識記虛擬語氣的用法。40.C【解析】前一句中if引導賓語從句,從句的時態要用現在將來時態;后一句是虛擬語氣,并且是對將來時間的非真實假設,if狀語從句用過去時態,句意:——我不知道李阿姨明天上午會不會來照顧這些留守兒童.——如果我是她,我會早點來的。根據句意,故選C。【點評】此題考查動詞時態,較易選錯項是B,要注意if引導狀語從句和賓語從句時時態的不同。41.D【解析】句意:媽媽,我能和吉娜去購物嗎?——哦,如果我是你,我會首先完成作業。結合語境可知主句表示的是對現在的虛擬,故用過去將來時態,選D。【點評】虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式,用來表示說話人所說的話并不是事實,而是一種假設、愿望、懷疑或推測。判斷是真實條件句還是非真實條件句。只有在非真實條件句中才使用虛擬語氣。通過句子意思,看假設的條件是否能夠實現,能夠實現是真實條件句,不能使用虛擬語氣;假設的條件不能實現則是非真實條件句,要用虛擬語氣.判斷這個假設是與哪個事實相反。1、與現在事實相反若與現在事實相反,條件從句的謂語用過去式(be通常用were),主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+動詞原形”2、與過去事實相反若與過去事實相反,條件從句的謂語用過去完成時(had+過去分詞),主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+have+過去分詞”3、與將來事實相反若與將來事實相反,條件從句的謂語用過去式(be通常用were),主句謂語用“should (would, could, might)+動詞原形”:42.C【解析】句意:來加入我們吧,吉米!很抱歉,我現在真的很忙。如果我有時間,我一定會去的。表示與現在事實相反的事實,常用一般過去時,所以選C。【點評】考查虛擬語氣。43.C【解析】這題考查if的非真實條件句的用法,如果和事實不符合,if條件句和主句要用虛擬語氣,和現在的事實相反,if條件句用過去時,主句用would do,所以選C。句意是:如果我有1百萬美元,我會把它給醫學研究。44.A【解析】句意:如果他忙的話我就不會打擾他。根據句中if可知此處是其引導的條件狀語從句。根據he was busy條件從句的謂語用過去式,主句謂語用should/would/could/might+動詞原形,與現在事實相反,此時表示虛擬語氣。故選A。【點評】考查虛擬語氣。分析句子結構判斷從句,并確定時態。45.A【解析】句意:老師建議他每天花一些時間做運動。此處是賓語從句的謂語動詞。suggest作為動詞,意為"建議"。當它后面接賓語從句時,賓語從句的謂語動詞通常使用虛擬語氣,即"(should) + 動詞原形"。但需要注意的是,在口語和非正式文體中,這個虛擬語氣的形式有時會被省略,直接使用動詞原形,故選A。【點評】考查虛擬語氣,本題涉及虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的應用。46.A【解析】句意:——你想讓我借錢給你嗎?——但愿你愿意借給我。我下周能還給你。wish后賓語從句要用虛擬語氣,用于wish后面的從句,表達將來不太可能實現的愿望,用將來時would/could +動詞原形"的形式。A表示"但愿你愿意借給我",B表示"要是你按常理借給我就好了",C表示"希望你有",D表示"要是你應該借給我錢就好了"。分析可知,A符合。故選A。【點評】考查虛擬語氣。注意虛擬語氣的知識點以及運用。47.A【解析】句意:除非你去試了,否則你永遠不會知道你是否會成功。you will never know你永遠不會知道……可知前一句是假定,故選A【點評】結合語境,推測所缺內容,注意詞義辨析48.A【解析】本題考點,及物動詞suggest / demand / insist / order / ask (做”要求“解時) / require .后面的賓語從句,要用虛擬語氣,謂語用should +動詞原形,should 可以省略,本題正是省略了should.故選A。【點評】考查賓語從句中使用虛擬語氣。49.B【解析】句意:如果我年輕時努力學習,我就會進入大學,過上不同的生活。if 引導虛擬語氣句型,對過去情況的虛擬,從句用had+done,主句用would/should/might/could have done,根據句意,這里指“我年輕時,要是努力的學習的話”,過去完成時,had worked,主句指“我就會進入大學,過上不同的生活。”過去將來完成時,would have entered,故選B。【點評】考查時態,注意識記if引導虛擬語氣句型,掌握對過去情況虛擬的時態及構成。50.D【解析】考查虛擬語氣的用法。對現在事實的虛擬,if從句用一般過去時,主句用would +動詞原形,故選D。21世紀教育網(www.21cnjy.com) 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫