資源簡介

Section Ⅱ　“Reading and Thinking”的新知學習環節
一、閱讀單詞——知其義
1．the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine諾貝爾__________或醫學獎
2．be called artemisinin　　　被稱為__________
3．the treatment for malaria __________的治療
4．medical properties 藥用___________
5．extract DNA from the bone 從骨頭中______DNA
6．sweet wormwood 青____________
7.
二、重點單詞——寫其形
1．a ______________ new treatment一種至關重要的新療法
2.
3．__________________ 承認失敗
4．be used __________ for 主要用于
三、活用單詞——悉其變
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
四、拓展構詞——明其規(依據規律串記單詞)
1．objective： ive形容詞后綴
①active　 　積極的　　　②expensive　 昂貴的
③subjective 主觀的 ④effective 有效的
⑤impressive 印象深刻的 ⑥aggressive 侵略的
2．botanical：“botany變y為i＋ cal”→adj.
①historical　　　　 　　 歷史的；歷史學的
②biological 生物的；生物學的
③economical 經濟的；經濟學的
④astronomical 天體的；天文學的
3．apparently：“adj.＋ ly”→adv.
①mostly 主要地；一般地
②actually 事實上；的確
③obviously 顯然；明顯地
④extremely 極其；非常
⑤immediately 立刻
五、高級詞塊——通其用
1．______________　　　 承諾；保證(做某事、遵守協議或安排等)
2．______________ 堅決要求
3．______________ 注意；重視
4．______________ 導致；造成(后果)
5．______________ 死于……
6．______________ 偶然；意外地
7．______________ 確保
8．______________ 從……畢業
9．______________ 開始
10．______________ 提取；取出；擬訂
1．Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
青蒿素成了抗瘧疾藥物的關鍵成分，據估計每年僅在非洲就挽救了10萬人的性命。
★vital adj.必不可少的；極其重要的；充滿生機的
|用|法|感|知|
(主旨升華句)It is vital that we should be in a good state of mind in the face of failure.
面對失敗，我們要有良好的心態，這很重要。
I am busy preparing for my final exam, which is vital for/to me, so I cannot keep the appointment.我正忙于準備期末考試，這對我來說很重要，所以我不能赴約。
歸納點撥 be vital for/to ...對……極為重要It is vital to do sth.做某事是很重要的be of vital importance to ...對……至關重要It is vital that sb.(should) do sth. 某人做某事是極其重要的
名師點津 在句型“It is vital that ...”中，從句謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，即“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。
|應|用|融|會|
(單句語法填空/完成句子)
①Under no circumstances will I miss this precious opportunity, which is __________ vital importance to my future development.
②It is vital for everyone __________ (know)some knowledge of first aid.
③Besides, ______________________________ in China when you attend a dinner party.
此外，在中國，當你參加晚宴時，注意餐桌禮儀是至關重要的。
2. Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930 ...
屠呦呦，這位盡職盡責、鍥而不舍的科學家1930年12月30日出生于中國寧波……
★committed adj.盡心盡力的；堅定的；堅信的
|用|法|感|知|
(“人物描寫”寫作佳句)Mr White is a committed teacher, who gains great popularity among students.懷特先生是一位盡職盡責的老師，很受學生們歡迎。
(“倡議”類寫作佳句)I advocated that we should commit ourselves to building low carbon campus.我倡議我們應該致力于建設低碳校園。
[歸納點撥]
(1)be committed to (doing) sth.
　　　 獻身于/致力于(做)某事
(2)commit vt. 承諾；保證；做出(錯或非法的事)；
　 犯(罪或錯等)
vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活動等)
commit oneself to (sth./doing sth./do sth.)
承諾；保證(做某事、遵守協議或安排等)
commit ...to ...　　　 投入……于……
commit a mistake 犯錯誤
(3)commitment n. 承諾；奉獻；投入
make a commitment 作出承諾；下決心
|應|用|融|會|
(單句語法填空/完成句子)
①Because Tu Youyou ______________ (commit) to doing medical research, she is thought highly of by the world.
②(2024·全國甲卷書面表達)Finally, the rise of new energy vehicles reflects China's __________________ (commit) to sustainable development and reducing carbon emissions.
③I strongly suggest you commit an hour a day __________ reading English, which can gradually improve your oral English.
④As for major activities, regularly, we commit ourselves to __________ (raise) funds and donations for those in need.
⑤I ______________ in front of so many people, my face red with embarrassment.
我在如此多的人面前犯了一個愚蠢的錯誤，滿臉窘得通紅。
3．However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.然而，屠呦呦并不認輸。
★acknowledge vt.承認(屬實、權威等)；認可；跟……打招呼；理會；(公開)感謝；告知收到
|用|法|感|知|
(寫出下列各句中acknowledge的漢語意思)
①He acknowledged me by lifting his hat.______________
②Don't forget to acknowledge those who planned the party.______________
③(2023·全國甲卷書面表達)Among the Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged, Fan Zhongyan is the most influential in my opinion.______________
[歸納點撥]
(1)acknowledge doing/having done sth.　　　　　　承認做了某事
acknowledge that ... 承認……
acknowledge ...as/to be ... 認為……是……
It is universally/widely acknowledged that ... 人們公認……
(2)acknowledgement n. 承認；感謝
in acknowledgement (of sth.) 感謝/承認(某事)
|應|用|融|會|
(1)單句語法填空/完成句子
④English is acknowledged __________ the language of business, science, IT and the Internet around the world.
⑤I was sent a free copy in ______________ (acknowledge) of my contribution.
⑥Tom ____________________________ in the competition, which made us quite depressed.
湯姆承認在比賽中被擊敗了，這使我們很沮喪。
(2)句型轉換
⑦People acknowledge that life consists of not only sunshine but also storms.
→________________________________ life consists of not only sunshine but also storms.(用it作形式主語改寫句子)
★defeat n．失敗；挫敗vt.擊敗；戰勝
|用|法|感|知|
(主旨升華句)Barriers to success can't defeat us.Instead, they can only make us stronger.
通往成功路上的障礙不能打敗我們，相反，它們只會讓我們更強大。
[易混辨析]　defeat, beat, win
defeat 只接人作賓語，既可指比賽中“擊敗”對手，也可指戰爭中“擊敗”敵軍或入侵者
beat 只接人作賓語，側重于比賽中擊敗對手
win 接事或物時，表示“榮獲，贏得”，賓語常為比賽、戰斗、獎品等
|應|用|融|會|
(1)選詞填空(defeat/beat/win)
①“We have __________ the race! We are the champion！” they shouted and cheered.
②Being __________ is often a temporary condition but giving up is what makes it permanent.
③Robbie __________ his rival in the 100 meter dash by 0.3 seconds.
(2)完成句子
④We ought to know that ______________ is common in our life journey.我們應該知道遭受失敗是我們人生旅途中很常見的事情。
4. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.她得出結論，認為水煎青蒿顯然破壞了它的藥學屬性。
★apparently adv.顯而易見；看來；顯然
|用|法|感|知|
(2023·浙江1月高考)Apparently, a good deed deserves another one.顯然，善有善報。
(“神態描寫”寫作佳句)Even in her apparent pain, she managed to greet me with a smile.
即使她顯然處于痛苦中，她還是勉強微笑著向我打招呼。
[歸納點撥]
apparent adj. 顯而易見的；表面上的；顯然的
It is apparent that ... 很顯然……
It is apparent from ...that ... 從……可以明顯看出……
It is apparent to sb.that ... 在某人看來很明顯……
|應|用|融|會|
(單句語法填空/完成句子)
①__________ (apparent), my thought was starting to come into reality, as the waves started picking up even more.
②______________________ he has made great progress.
很顯然，他取得了很大的進步。
③________________________ living in a small town is more comfortable.
對我們來說，很明顯，住在小城鎮更舒適。
5. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.
屠呦呦與團隊成員甚至堅持以身試藥，以確保藥物的安全性。
★insist vi.&vt.堅持；堅決要求
|用|法|感|知|
David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he tripped over within a few kilometres.
大衛堅持跑步，好像他忘記了所有的弱點，盡管他跑了幾公里就被絆倒了。
(“神態描寫”寫作佳句)Mom insisted that we go camping in the next village, her eyes twinkling with excitement.
媽媽堅持要求我們在下一個村莊露營，她的眼中閃爍著興奮的光芒。
歸納點撥 insist on sth./doing sth.　　　　　堅決要求某物/做某事insist that ... 堅決要求……；堅持認為……
名師點津 insist意為“堅持要求；堅決主張”時，其賓語從句中謂語要用虛擬語氣，即“(should＋)動詞原形”；意為“堅持認為；堅持說”時，從句謂語用陳述語氣。
|應|用|融|會|
(單句語法填空/完成句子)
①However, he was so stubborn that he disagreed with us and insisted __________ his decision.
②The teacher insisted that __________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
老師堅持要求利用每一分鐘把工作做好。
③He ________________________________， so he turned away from the meeting and stopped arguing with her.
他堅持認為自己是正確的，于是轉身離開了會場，不再與她爭論。
1. This year's Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.
本年度的諾貝爾生理學或醫學獎已授予屠呦呦(得主之一)，她的研究使青蒿素這種至關重要的新型抗瘧疾藥物得以發現。
感知將學語法——非限制性定語從句
句中whose引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Tu Youyou，在從句中作定語。本課中還使用了where引導的非限制性定語從句：
In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.(where在此引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Hainan, where在從句中作地點狀語。)
起初，屠呦呦奔赴瘧疾更為常見的海南研究瘧疾患者。
2．Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
青蒿素成了抗瘧疾藥物的關鍵成分，據估計每年僅在非洲就挽救了10萬人的性命。
(1)“Sb./Sth.＋be＋過去分詞＋to do”句型，表示“據……某人/某物做……”，可與“It's＋過去分詞＋that ...”互換。常用于此句型的動詞的過去分詞有said, thought, believed, hoped, reported, known, proved, considered等。
(2)在“Sb./Sth.＋be＋過去分詞＋to do”句型中，不定式有幾種不同的形式：
Sb./Sth.＋be＋過去分詞＋
“兩層級”學通用活句式
(1)通過“句式變換”弄明句式結構
①He is thought to be a learned and modest scholar.
→________________________ a learned and modest scholar.
②He is reported to have been chosen chairman of the trade union.
→____________________________________ chairman of the trade union.
(2)通過“句式仿寫”做到熟練運用
③人們認為，樓蘭在數百年前被沙塵暴漸漸吞沒了。
Loulan ____________________________________________________ by sandstorms hundreds of years ago.
④我很多年沒有見到杰克了。據說，他現在在中國定居。
I haven't seen Jack for many years.____________________________ in China now.
3．From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.
通過研究，他們發現并測試了380種不同的有望戰勝瘧疾的古代中醫療法。
激活已學語法——限制性定語從句
本句中that引導的是限制性定語從句，它對先行詞treatments起限定作用。限制性定語從句的常用引導詞有which, that, who, whom, whose, where, when, why, as等。
　　　　　　　|應|用|融|會|(完成句子)
①He is the one ____________________________________________________________.
他是個總是樂于助人的人。
②This is the most beautiful park _____________________________________________.
這是我參觀過的最漂亮的公園。
4．Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine.There is a team behind me ...”
獲悉自己被授予諾貝爾獎時，她說：“這份榮譽不僅僅屬于我。我的身后是一個團隊……”
(1)介詞on/upon后面可以跟動名詞或名詞作賓語，構成介賓短語，在句中作狀語，意為“在……的時候；當……時；一……就……”，可以轉換為as soon as引導的時間狀語從句。
(2)表示“一……就……”的常用詞(組)有：directly/instantly/immediately, as soon as, hardly ...when ..., no sooner ...than ..., the moment/minute/second/instant等。
注意：當hardly, no sooner位于句首時，它們所在的句子要使用部分倒裝。
“兩層級”學通用活句式
(1)通過“句式變換”弄明句式結構
①As soon as I arrived home, I wrote to him and his wife a thank you note for helping me.
→____________________________， I wrote to him and his wife a thank you note for helping me.(用介詞短語作狀語改寫黑體部分)
②Instantly they returned home, they couldn't wait to make popcorn.
→__________________________________， they couldn't wait to make popcorn.(用“the＋名詞”短語引導的狀語從句改寫黑體部分)
③We had hardly seen the light when we felt excited.
→________________________________________________________________________
(用倒裝句改寫)
(2)通過“句式仿寫”做到熟練運用
④一回到家，我迫不及待地與同學們分享照片和經歷。
__________________________， I couldn't wait to share the photos and experiences with my classmates.
⑤我們一到，工人們熱情地接待了我們，并帶我們參觀了他們的車間。
__________________________________， the workers warmly received us and showed us around their workshop.
課文縮寫
語法填空
Tu Youyou ①______________ (award) the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015.Her research led ②________________ the discovery of artemisinin, ③____________ is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
Tu Youyou, a ④__________ (commit) and patient scientist, graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.In 1969, she decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find ⑤__________ (tradition) botanical treatments for the disease.One medical text suggested ⑥__________ (use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.Later, by experiments, she concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood ⑦__________ (apparent) destroyed its medical properties.She then tried drawing out the extract at a lower temperature.Finally, they succeeded in discovering artemisinin.
Upon hearing that she ⑧______________ (award) the Nobel Prize, Tu Youyou said that the honour belonged to all the people of the country and that it is indeed ⑨__________ honour for China's ⑩____________ (science) research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.
Section Ⅱ
課前詞匯默寫
一、1.生理學　2.青蒿素　3.瘧疾　4.性能　5.提取　6.蒿
7．①液體　②流質
二、1.crucial　2.①obtain?、趏btain　3.acknowledge defeat　4.mostly
三、1.①vital　②vitality　2.①committed?、赾ommit
③commitment　3.①Academy?、赼cademic
4．①objective?、趏bject　5.①botanical ?、赽otany
6．①evaluate　②evaluation 　7.①distinct?、赿istinctive
③distinction 　8.①boil?、赽oiling　③boiled?、躡oil
9．①analyse ?、赼nalysis　10.①apparently ?、赼pparent
11．①substance?、趕ubstantial　12.①insist?、趇nsistent
③insistence 　13.①scientific ?、趕cience 　③scientist
五、1.commit oneself to (sth./doing sth./do sth.)　2.insist on　3.pay attention to　4.lead to　5.die from　6.by chance
7．make sure　8.graduate from　9.in the beginning
10．draw out
核心詞匯突破
1．①of?、趖o know
③it's vital that you (should) mind your table manners
2．①is committed?、赾ommitment　③to?、躵aising/raise
⑤committed a silly mistake
3．★①跟……打招呼?、诟兄x?、壅J可?、躠s
⑤acknowledgement　⑥acknowledged being/having been defeated
⑦It is universally acknowledged that
★①won　②defeated　③beat/defeated　④suffering a defeat
4．①Apparently?、贗t is apparent that?、跧t is apparent to us that
5．①on　②every minute (should) be made use of to do the work well
③insisted that he was right
重點句式解構
2．①It is thought that he is 　②It is reported that he has been chosen
③is thought to have been gradually covered over
④It's said that he is living
3．①who is always ready to help others　②that I have ever visited
4．①Upon arriving home?、赥he instant they returned home
③Hardly had we seen the light when we felt excited.
④Upon returning home　⑤Upon our arrival
隨堂融通訓練
①was awarded?、趖o?、踳hich　④committed?、輙raditional?、辵sing?、遖pparently?、鄅ad been awarded　⑨an?、鈙cientific
10 / 10(共115張PPT)
“Reading and Thinking”
的新知學習環節
Section Ⅱ
課前詞匯默寫
核心詞匯突破
重點句式解構
課時跟蹤檢測
Contents 目錄
01
02
03
05
04
隨堂融通訓練
01
課前詞匯默寫
一、閱讀單詞——知其義
1．the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
諾貝爾________或醫學獎
2．be called artemisinin　　　　 被稱為________
3．the treatment for malaria ______的治療
4．medical properties 藥用_____
生理學
青蒿素
瘧疾
性能
______食物
5．extract DNA from the bone 從骨頭中______DNA
6．sweet wormwood 青_____
提取
蒿
液體
流質
酸性______
二、重點單詞——寫其形
1．a ________ new treatment 一種至關重要的新療法
crucial
obtain
obtain
3．_________________ 承認失敗
4．be used _______ for 主要用于
acknowledge defeat
mostly
三、活用單詞——悉其變
vital
vitality
committed
commit
commitment
Academy
academic
objective
object
botanical
botany
evaluate
evaluation
distinct
distinctive
distinction
boil
boiling
boiled
boil
analyse
analysis
apparently
apparent
substance
substantial
insist
insistent
insistence
scientific
science
scientist
四、拓展構詞——明其規(依據規律串記單詞)
1．objective：-ive形容詞后綴　
①active　　　 積極的　　　 ②expensive　 昂貴的
③subjective 主觀的 ④effective 有效的
⑤impressive 印象深刻的 ⑥aggressive 侵略的
2．botanical：“botany變y為i＋-cal”→adj.　
①historical　　　　 　　　 歷史的；歷史學的
②biological 生物的；生物學的
③economical 經濟的；經濟學的
④astronomical 天體的；天文學的
3．apparently：“adj.＋-ly”→adv.　
①mostly 主要地；一般地
②actually 事實上；的確
③obviously 顯然；明顯地
④extremely 極其；非常
⑤immediately 立刻
五、高級詞塊——通其用
1．_____________________________________
承諾；保證(做某事、遵守協議或安排等)
2．________　　　　　　　 堅決要求
3．______________ 注意；重視
4．_______ 導致；造成(后果)
5．________ 死于……
commit oneself to (sth./doing sth./do sth.)
insist on
pay attention to
lead to
die from
6．_________ 偶然；意外地
7．__________ 確保
8．_____________ 從……畢業
9．_______________ 開始
10．_________ 提?。蝗〕觯粩M訂
by chance
make sure
graduate from
in the beginning
draw out
02
核心詞匯突破
1．Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
青蒿素成了抗瘧疾藥物的關鍵成分，據估計每年僅在非洲就挽救了10萬人的性命。
★vital adj.必不可少的；極其重要的；充滿生機的
|用|法|感|知|
(主旨升華句)It is vital that we should be in a good state of mind in the face of failure.
面對失敗，我們要有良好的心態，這很重要。
I am busy preparing for my final exam, which is vital for/to me, so I cannot keep the appointment.
我正忙于準備期末考試，這對我來說很重要，所以我不能赴約。
歸納點撥 be vital for/to ... 對……極為重要
It is vital to do sth. 做某事是很重要的
be of vital importance to ... 對……至關重要
It is vital that sb.(should) do sth. 某人做某事是極其重要的
名師點津 在句型“It is vital that ...”中，從句謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，即“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。
|應|用|融|會|
(單句語法填空/完成句子)
①Under no circumstances will I miss this precious opportunity, which is ____ vital importance to my future development.
②It is vital for everyone _______ (know) some knowledge of first aid.
③Besides, ________________________________________________
in China when you attend a dinner party.此外，在中國，當你參加晚宴時，注意餐桌禮儀是至關重要的。
of
to know
it's vital that you (should) mind your table manners
2. Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930 ...
屠呦呦，這位盡職盡責、鍥而不舍的科學家1930年12月30日出生于中國寧波……
★committed adj.盡心盡力的；堅定的；堅信的
|用|法|感|知|
(“人物描寫”寫作佳句)Mr White is a committed teacher, who gains great popularity among students.
懷特先生是一位盡職盡責的老師，很受學生們歡迎。
(“倡議”類寫作佳句)I advocated that we should commit ourselves to building low-carbon campus.
我倡議我們應該致力于建設低碳校園。
[歸納點撥]
(1)be committed to (doing) sth. 獻身于/致力于(做)某事
(2)commit vt. 承諾；保證；做出(錯或非法的事)；
　 犯(罪或錯等)
vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活動等)
commit oneself to (sth./doing sth./do sth.)
承諾；保證(做某事、遵守協議或安排等)
commit ...to ...　　　　　 投入……于……
commit a mistake 犯錯誤
(3)commitment n. 承諾；奉獻；投入
make a commitment 作出承諾；下決心
|應|用|融|會|
(單句語法填空/完成句子)
①Because Tu Youyou _____________ (commit) to doing medical research, she is thought highly of by the world.
②(2024·全國甲卷書面表達)Finally, the rise of new energy vehicles reflects China's ______________ (commit) to sustainable development and reducing carbon emissions.
is committed
commitment
③I strongly suggest you commit an hour a day ____ reading English, which can gradually improve your oral English.
④As for major activities, regularly, we commit ourselves to ____________ (raise) funds and donations for those in need.
⑤I _______________________ in front of so many people, my face red with embarrassment.
我在如此多的人面前犯了一個愚蠢的錯誤，滿臉窘得通紅。
to
raising/raise
committed a silly mistake
3．However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.然而，屠呦呦并不認輸。
★acknowledge vt.承認(屬實、權威等)；認可；跟……打招呼；理會；(公開)感謝；告知收到
|用|法|感|知|
(寫出下列各句中acknowledge的漢語意思)
①He acknowledged me by lifting his hat. ______________
跟……打招呼
②Don't forget to acknowledge those who planned the party._____
③(2023·全國甲卷書面表達)Among the Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged, Fan Zhongyan is the most influential in my opinion._______
感謝
認可
[歸納點撥]
(1)acknowledge doing/having done sth.　　　 承認做了某事
acknowledge that ... 承認……
acknowledge ...as/to be ... 認為……是……
It is universally/widely acknowledged that ... 人們公認……
(2)acknowledgement n. 承認；感謝
in acknowledgement (of sth.) 感謝/承認(某事)
|應|用|融|會|
(1)單句語法填空/完成句子
④English is acknowledged _____ the language of business, science, IT and the Internet around the world.
⑤I was sent a free copy in _________________ (acknowledge) of my contribution.
⑥Tom __________________________________________in the competition, which made us quite depressed.
湯姆承認在比賽中被擊敗了，這使我們很沮喪。
as
acknowledgement
acknowledged being/having been defeated
(2)句型轉換
⑦People acknowledge that life consists of not only sunshine but also storms.
→________________________________ life consists of not only sunshine but also storms.(用it作形式主語改寫句子)
It is universally acknowledged that
★defeat n．失??；挫敗vt.擊敗；戰勝
|用|法|感|知|
(主旨升華句)Barriers to success can't defeat us.Instead, they can only make us stronger.
通往成功路上的障礙不能打敗我們，相反，它們只會讓我們更強大。
[易混辨析]　defeat, beat, win
defeat 只接人作賓語，既可指比賽中“擊敗”對手，也可指戰爭中
“擊敗”敵軍或入侵者
beat 只接人作賓語，側重于比賽中擊敗對手
win 接事或物時，表示“榮獲，贏得”，賓語常為比賽、戰斗、獎品等
|應|用|融|會|
(1)選詞填空(defeat/beat/win)
①“We have _______ the race! We are the champion！” they shouted and cheered.
②Being _________ is often a temporary condition but giving up is what makes it permanent.
③Robbie ______________ his rival in the 100-meter dash by 0.3 seconds.
won
defeated
beat/defeated
(2)完成句子
④We ought to know that _________________ is common in our life journey.我們應該知道遭受失敗是我們人生旅途中很常見的事情。
4. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.
她得出結論，認為水煎青蒿顯然破壞了它的藥學屬性。
★apparently adv.顯而易見；看來；顯然
suffering a defeat
|用|法|感|知|
(2023·浙江1月高考)Apparently, a good deed deserves another one.
顯然，善有善報。
(“神態描寫”寫作佳句)Even in her apparent pain, she managed to greet me with a smile.即使她顯然處于痛苦中，她還是勉強微笑著向我打招呼。
[歸納點撥]
apparent adj. 顯而易見的；表面上的；顯然的
It is apparent that ... 　　　 很顯然……
It is apparent from ...that ... 從……可以明顯看出……
It is apparent to sb.that ... 在某人看來很明顯……
|應|用|融|會|
(單句語法填空/完成句子)
①___________ (apparent), my thought was starting to come into reality, as the waves started picking up even more.
②_________________ he has made great progress.
很顯然，他取得了很大的進步。
③_____________________ living in a small town is more comfortable.
對我們來說，很明顯，住在小城鎮更舒適。
Apparently
It is apparent that
It is apparent to us that
5. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.屠呦呦與團隊成員甚至堅持以身試藥，以確保藥物的安全性。
★insist vi.&vt.堅持；堅決要求
|用|法|感|知|
David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he tripped over within a few kilometres.
大衛堅持跑步，好像他忘記了所有的弱點，盡管他跑了幾公里就被絆倒了。
(“神態描寫”寫作佳句)Mom insisted that we go camping in the next village, her eyes twinkling with excitement.媽媽堅持要求我們在下一個村莊露營，她的眼中閃爍著興奮的光芒。
歸納點撥 insist on sth./doing sth.堅決要求某物/做某事
insist that ...堅決要求……；堅持認為……
名師點津 insist意為“堅持要求；堅決主張”時，其賓語從句中謂語要用虛擬語氣，即“(should＋)動詞原形”；意為“堅持認為；堅持說”時，從句謂語用陳述語氣。
|應|用|融|會|
(單句語法填空/完成句子)
①However, he was so stubborn that he disagreed with us and insisted ____ his decision.
②The teacher insisted that ___________________________________
_______________.
老師堅持要求利用每一分鐘把工作做好。
on
every minute (should) be made use of to
do the work well
③He _________________________ , so he turned away from the meeting and stopped arguing with her.
他堅持認為自己是正確的，于是轉身離開了會場，不再與她爭論。
insisted that he was right
03
重點句式解構
1. This year's Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.本年度的諾貝爾生理學或醫學獎已授予屠呦呦(得主之一)，她的研究使青蒿素這種至關重要的新型抗瘧疾藥物得以發現。
感知將學語法——非限制性定語從句
句中whose引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Tu Youyou，在從句中作定語。本課中還使用了where引導的非限制性定語從句：
In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.(where在此引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Hainan, where在從句中作地點狀語。)
起初，屠呦呦奔赴瘧疾更為常見的海南研究瘧疾患者。
2．Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
青蒿素成了抗瘧疾藥物的關鍵成分，據估計每年僅在非洲就挽救了10萬人的性命。
(1)“Sb./Sth.＋be＋過去分詞＋to do”句型，表示“據……某人/某物做……”，可與“It's＋過去分詞＋that ...”互換。常用于此句型的動詞的過去分詞有said, thought, believed, hoped, reported, known, proved, considered等。
(2)在“Sb./Sth.＋be＋過去分詞＋to do”句型中，不定式有幾種不同的形式：
“兩層級”學通用活句式
(1)通過“句式變換”弄明句式結構
①He is thought to be a learned and modest scholar.
→____________________ a learned and modest scholar.
②He is reported to have been chosen chairman of the trade union.
→_________________________________ chairman of the trade union.
It is thought that he is
It is reported that he has been chosen
(2)通過“句式仿寫”做到熟練運用
③人們認為，樓蘭在數百年前被沙塵暴漸漸吞沒了。
Loulan _____________________________________________by
sandstorms hundreds of years ago.
④我很多年沒有見到杰克了。據說，他現在在中國定居。
I haven't seen Jack for many years._________________________ in China now.
is thought to have been gradually covered over
It's said that he is living
3．From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.
通過研究，他們發現并測試了380種不同的有望戰勝瘧疾的古代中醫療法。
激活已學語法——限制性定語從句
本句中that引導的是限制性定語從句，它對先行詞treatments起限定作用。限制性定語從句的常用引導詞有which, that, who, whom, whose, where, when, why, as等。
|應|用|融|會|(完成句子)
①He is the one________________________________.
他是個總是樂于助人的人。
②This is the most beautiful park _____________________.
這是我參觀過的最漂亮的公園。
who is always ready to help others
that I have ever visited
4．Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine.There is a team behind me ...”
獲悉自己被授予諾貝爾獎時，她說：“這份榮譽不僅僅屬于我。我的身后是一個團隊……”
(1)介詞on/upon后面可以跟動名詞或名詞作賓語，構成介賓短語，在句中作狀語，意為“在……的時候；當……時；一……就……”，可以轉換為as soon as引導的時間狀語從句。
(2)表示“一……就……”的常用詞(組)有：directly/instantly/
immediately, as soon as, hardly ...when ..., no sooner ...than ..., the moment/minute/second/instant等。
注意：當hardly, no sooner位于句首時，它們所在的句子要使用部分倒裝。
“兩層級”學通用活句式
(1)通過“句式變換”弄明句式結構
①As soon as I arrived home, I wrote to him and his wife a thank you note for helping me.
→___________________，I wrote to him and his wife a thank you note for helping me.(用介詞短語作狀語改寫藍體部分)
Upon arriving home
②Instantly they returned home, they couldn't wait to make popcorn.
→_____________________________, they couldn't wait to make popcorn.(用“the＋名詞”短語引導的狀語從句改寫藍體部分)
③We had hardly seen the light when we felt excited.
→___________________________________________ (用倒裝句改寫)
The instant they returned home
Hardly had we seen the light when we felt excited.
(2)通過“句式仿寫”做到熟練運用
④一回到家，我迫不及待地與同學們分享照片和經歷。
_____________________, I couldn't wait to share the photos and experiences with my classmates.
⑤我們一到，工人們熱情地接待了我們，并帶我們參觀了他們的車間。
________________, the workers warmly received us and showed us around their workshop.
Upon returning home
Upon our arrival
04
隨堂融通訓練
根據課文內容，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Tu Youyou ①______________(award) the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015.Her research led ②_____ the discovery of artemisinin, ③_______ is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.
was awarded
to
which
Tu Youyou, a ④__________ (commit) and patient scientist, graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.In 1969, she decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find ⑤___________ (tradition) botanical treatments for the disease.One medical text suggested ⑥_______ (use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.Later, by experiments, she concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood ⑦____________ (apparent) destroyed its medical properties.She then tried drawing out the extract at a lower temperature.Finally, they succeeded in discovering artemisinin.
committed
traditional
using
apparently
Upon hearing that she ⑧_________________ (award) the Nobel Prize, Tu Youyou said that the honour belonged to all the people of the country and that it is indeed ⑨____ honour for China's ⑩_________ (science) research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.
had been awarded
an
scientific
05
課時跟蹤檢測
第Ⅰ卷　語言基礎訓練
(一)單詞拼寫(5分)
(1)We spent two hours ___________ (分析) the team's strengths and weaknesses.
(2)The author has broken into the nation's history into three _________(不同的) periods.
analysing
distinct
(3)Figuring out what to _____________(承認) and what to dismiss is really challenging.
(4)The ________ (關鍵性的) thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.
(5)At last we _________ (戰勝) the other team in the football match; our hard practising paid off.
acknowledge
crucial
defeated
(二)單句語法填空(10分)
(6)She committed herself to _______________ (finish) the project by the end of the week.
(7)To understand culture shock, it is vital __________________
(understand) what culture is.
(8)Our English teacher insists that the homework ____________
________ (hand) in tomorrow morning.
finish/finishing
to understand
(should) be
handed
(9)Educators insist that schools should have each student's __________ (academy) performance evaluated.
(10)The police officer was ___________ (apparent) off duty when this happened so he made no comment on it.
academic
apparently
(三)選詞填空(10分)
(11)Mother will _________ our washing the clothes by ourselves.
(12)Several years after they'd split up they met again ___________ in Paris.
(13)I _______________________ accepting her invitation and cannot draw back.
insist on
by chance
have committed myself to
(14)Shortly after _________________ college, I got my first teaching job at a high school.
(15)It was an act of kindness that _______ a friendship and memories that will last a lifetime.
graduating from
led to
(四)完成句子(8分)
(16)一聽到這個新聞，我心中泛起了悲傷。(upon/on＋動名詞)
_______________________, I felt a sense of sadness in my heart.
(17)他的眼睛深陷，因為他很長時間以來經常工作到深夜。(現在完成時)
His eyes are deep-set because he ________________________for a long time.
Upon/On hearing the news
has worked till midnight
(18)大衛患有腦部疾病，這使他不能像其他孩子一樣走路或跑步。(限制性定語從句)
David had a brain disease __________________________________
or running like other children.
(19)據說，他已經寫了許多受歡迎的小說。(be＋過去分詞＋to do)
He ___________________ many popular novels.
which/that prevented him from walking
is said to have written
第Ⅱ卷　語篇綜合訓練
(一)閱讀理解
A
Compared with Marie Curie, Wu Chien-shiung is not a household name in China, where she was born and grew up, or in the United States, where she spent most of her life.
Wu's father received a modern education in Shanghai, and in 1913, founded the first school for girls in Taicang, aiming to break the old sexist advocacy that it was women's virtue to have no talents, which had the most profound influence on Wu's life.Now, the school has become Mingde Senior Middle School.
Working in the scientific world dominated by men, she never gave up or lowered her standards even if unequally treated.After graduating from the former National Central University in Nanjing, Wu, aged 24, enrolled at the University of California, Berkeley to continue her study in physics.She was the first woman to be president of American Physical Society.
To get accurate results from experiments, she worked seriously day and night at a laboratory and gained a reputation for accuracy.There was a saying among physicists：“If the experiment was done by Wu, it must be correct.” As one of the most influential nuclear physicists of the 20th century, she thoroughly changed human's view of the universe.Her experiments overturned many previous experimental results and theories.
Wu lived a simple life, but she set up a funding program in honor of her father with her life savings, rewarding students and teachers at Mingde Senior Middle School.In 1997, Wu died aged 85 in the US.According to her will, she was buried in her hometown Taicang.Chiang Tsai-chien, the author of her biography, Madame Wu Chien-shiung：The First Lady of Physics Research, wrote the epitaph (墓志銘) that starts, “Here's buried the most prominent female physicist Wu Chien-shiung”， and ends, “she was a distinguished world citizen, and was forever a Chinese”．
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了吳健雄女士的生平。
1．Why did Wu's father found the first school for girls
A．To promote Wu's personal development.
B．To pursue gender and education equality.
C．To display his well-educated background.
D．To improve educational assessment system.
解析：細節理解題。由第二段中“Wu's father ...Wu's life.”可知，吳的父親創辦了第一所女子學校，旨在追求性別平等和教育平等。故選B。
√
2．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Wu worked as the first female physicist.
B．Attachment to native land never left her.
C．Sexist advocacy gave rise to her simple life.
D．Wu followed her father's will to fund a program.
解析：推理判斷題。由最后一段“Wu lived ...forever a Chinese.”可知，她對祖國做出了巨大貢獻，并安葬在中國，可見對故土的依戀從未離開過她。故選B。
√
3．Which words best describe Wu
A．Persistent in faith.
B．Tolerant of sexism.
C．Ambitious for perfection.
D．Well-known in her motherland.
解析：推理判斷題。由第三段中“Working ...treated.”和第四段中“To get accurate ...accuracy.”可知，她堅持信念，努力實現自己的目標。故選A。
√
4．What is the best title for the text
A．A Woman Who Thrilled the World
B．A Woman, One Distinguished Funder
C．A Woman Who Gained Equal Gender Right
D．A Woman, One Influential Leader in Physics
解析：標題歸納題。由最后一段中“Chiang Tsai-chien, the author of her biography, ...a Chinese.”并結合全文內容可知，本文主要介紹了吳健雄女士，一位有影響力的女性物理學領袖。故選D。
√
B
Role models are important for inspiring scientists, but new research suggests that scientists who are known for their hard work are more encouraging than scientists who are viewed as naturally brilliant.
In a series of studies, researchers found that young people were more motivated by scientists whose success was connected with efforts than those whose success was because of natural intelligence, even if that scientist was Albert Einstein.
Danfei Hu, a doctoral student at the Pennsylvania State University, and Janet N．Ann, an assistant professor of Psychology at William Paterson University, said the findings — recently published in Basic and Applied Social Psychology — would help deal with the certain secret about what it takes to succeed in science.
According to the researchers, there is anxiety in the science community about a number of students who run after careers in science during school only to drop out of those career paths once they graduate from college.To help solve the problem, Hu and Ann wanted to research role models, who give the students specific goals, behavior or strategies they can follow.
The researchers performed studies with 176 and 162 participants in each study respectively (分別)．In the first study, all participants read the same story about common struggles a scientist met in his science career.However, half were told the story was about Einstein, while half were told it was about Thomas Edison.Although the stories were the same, participants were more likely to believe natural brilliance was the reason for Einstein's success.In addition, the participants who believe the story was about Edison were more motivated to complete a series of maths problems.
“This proved that people generally seem to view Einstein as a genius, with his success commonly linked to extraordinary talent，” Hu said.“Edison, on the other hand, is known for failing more than 1,000 times when trying to create the light bulb, and his success is linked to his efforts.” Hu added, “Knowing that something great can be achieved through hard work and efforts, more students will step into the science career confidently.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項研究——以辛勤工作著稱的科學家比被視為天才的科學家更鼓舞人心。
5．What kind of scientists is more inspiring
A．Those who have made important discoveries.
B．Those who were born with a gift.
C．Those who are viewed as great inventors.
D．Those who are famous for their hard work.
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段“Role models are important
...naturally brilliant.”可知，那些以努力工作著稱的科學家更鼓舞人心。
√
6．What is the concern in the science community
A．Some students will drop out of school soon.
B．There are fewer role models for students to follow.
C．Fewer students will continue to work on science.
D．Some scientists cannot give students specific goals.
解析：細節理解題。根據第四段中“According to the researchers ...graduate from college.”可知，科學界擔心的是繼續科學研究事業的學生將會變少。
√
7．Why were some participants more motivated to complete a series of maths problems
A．They knew the problems were given by Edison.
B．They believed they could solve the problems by working hard.
C．They believed they were as intelligent as Einstein.
D．They knew they were to work together with Einstein and Edison.
√
解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中“In addition ... were more motivated to complete a series of maths problems.”和最后一段中“Knowing that something great can be achieved through hard work ... the science career confidently.”可知，一些參與者之所以更有動力完成一系列數學問題，是因為他們相信通過努力工作就能解決這些問題。
8．What is the best title for the text
A．Einstein Is Less Encouraging than Edison
B．Einstein's Success Story
C．How to Be a Great Scientist
D．Edison's Achievements Are Greater
√
解析：標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了一項研究——以辛勤工作著稱的科學家比被視為天才的科學家更令人鼓舞，并列舉了愛因斯坦和愛迪生的例子。由此可知，“Einstein Is Less Encouraging than Edison(愛因斯坦不如愛迪生鼓舞人心)能夠概括文章主要內容，最適合作本文標題。
(二)完形填空
Throughout history，female scientists，engineers and mathematicians have changed the world.But while their _______ have been massive, their names and their stories have ________ been publicized.Physicist Jess Wade wanted to _______ the stories of great scientific pioneers who may be overlooked and she _______ a unique way to do that：writing web pages.
9
10
11
12
Wade told CBS News that while the ______ of women in science is small in comparison to that of men, she has always had ______ in the field.When she was a graduate student，Wade _______ an inspiring woman in science，Kim Cobb，who is a climate scientist at Brown University.
“So when I met her, I thought she is a(n) ______ person and I need to learn more about her.When I did a little search, I couldn't ______ any information about her.What I ______ was a web page but it wasn't there.”
13
14
15
16
17
18
That's how Wade got the ______ — to start writing web pages for diverse people in science who don't yet have them.
In her free time, Wade searches the Internet to _____ information，and then she gets to work writing web pages.She's written more than 1,700 so far.
Wade is now making a ______ for herself in science, and she knows she wouldn't be here without those who came before her.“We all have a role to ______ in making science a more diverse and ______ place，” she said.
19
20
21
22
23
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了歷史上很多女性取得了杰出的成就，可是她們卻默默無聞。物理學家 Jess Wade想通過自己的努力來改變這一現狀。
9．A.ambitions B．potentials
C．achievements D．demands
解析：根據上文“Throughout history, female scientists, engineers and mathematicians have changed the world.”可知，這些女性取得了巨大的“成就”。ambition“追求；理想”；potential“潛力”；achievement“成就”；demand“需求”。故選C。
√
10．A.naturally B．permanently
C．rarely D．regularly
解析：根據上文“while”一詞可知，上下文是轉折關系。這些女性雖然成就巨大，但是“很少”被報道。 naturally“自然地”； permanently“永久地”；rarely“很少”；regularly“規律地”。故選C。
√
11．A.share B．choose
C．read D．appreciate
√
解析：根據下文“who may be overlooked and she______ a unique way to do that：writing web pages”可知，物理學家Jess Wade想在網上“分享”她們的故事。故選A。
12．A.thought little of B．came up with
C．passed down D．left out
√
解析：根據下文“a unique way to do that：writing web pages”可知，Jess Wade “想出”了一個獨特方法。think little of“不重視”；come up with“想出”；pass down“傳遞”；leave out“遺漏”。故選B。
13．A.goal B．progress
C．responsibility D．number
√
解析：根據下文“of women in science is small in comparison to that of men”可知，比起男性科學家來說，女性科學家的“人數”較少，故選D。
14．A.concepts B．role models
C．safety rules D．followers
√
解析：根據上下文的轉折關系和“in the field”可知，在這個領域里，她總是有值得效仿的榜樣。concept“概念”； role model“模范”；safety rule“安全規則”；follower“追隨者”。故選B。
15．A.referred to B．turned down
C．ran across D．took in
√
解析：分析上下文可知，Jess Wade 讀研究生時，“遇到”一位從事科學的優秀女性——Kim Cobb。refer to“提到”；turn down“拒絕”； run across“偶然遇見”；take in“吸收”。故選C。
16．A.awesome B．ordinary
C．serious D．patient
√
解析：根據下文“I need to learn more about her”可知，Kim Cobb是一位“了不起的”人。awesome“很好的”；ordinary“普通的”；serious“嚴重的”；patient“耐心的”。故選A。
17．A.remember B．identify
C．offer D．find
√
解析：根據上文“When I did a little search”可知，沒有找到關于她的任何信息。故選D。
18．A.desired B．accepted
C．recommended D．acknowledged
√
解析：根據下文“was a web page but it wasn't there”可知，Jess Wade想找到有關Kim Cobb的網頁信息。 desire“渴望”；accept“接受”； recommend“推薦”；acknowledge“承認”。故選A。
19．A.help B．order
C．belief D．idea
√
解析：根據下文“to start writing web pages for diverse people in science who don't yet have them”可知，Jess Wade遇到的經歷激發她產生了編寫網頁的想法。故選D。
20．A.collect B．post
C．manage D．correct
√
解析：根據上文“to start writing ...don't yet have them”可知，Jess Wade搜索網頁的目的是收集有關女性科學家的信息。故選A。
21．A.suggestion B．will
C．name D．request
√
解析：由于Jess Wade 所從事的工作，她在科學領域也“出名”了。make a name for oneself＝make one's name意為“使某人成名/出名”。故選C。
22．A.make B．play
C．select D．decide
√
解析：根據下文“in making science a more diverse and______place”可知，Jess Wade 認為，我們有責任使科學更多樣化、更公平。play a role“發揮作用；起作用”是固定短語。故選B。
23．A.fairer B．safer
C．quieter D．wider
√
解析：根據整篇文章敘述，Jess Wade所做的事是為那些被忽略的女性科學家發聲，這顯然是為了讓科學領域變得“更公平”。故選A。
(三)主題微寫作(8分)
請用本課所學的詞匯和短語補全下面介紹居里夫人(Marie Curie)的短文。
Marie Curie is the scientist I admire most.She ①________________
__________________(投身于科學研究) with an objective to explore the mysteries of radioactivity.She ②__________________________ (取得偉大的成就) although she was defeated by radiation many times.
committed herself
to scientific research
obtained great achievements
③____________ (顯然), she persevered in her work. Most of her life was dedicated to science and she ④________________________ (被廣泛認可為) a great scientist.
Apparently
is widely acknowledged asUNIT 1　課時檢測(二)　“Reading and Thinking”的新知學習環節
第Ⅰ卷　語言基礎訓練
(一)單詞拼寫(5分)
(1)We spent two hours ______________ (分析) the team's strengths and weaknesses.
(2)The author has broken into the nation's history into three __________ (不同的) periods.
(3)Figuring out what to ________________ (承認) and what to dismiss is really challenging.
(4)The __________ (關鍵性的) thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.
(5)At last we __________ (戰勝) the other team in the football match; our hard practising paid off.
(二)單句語法填空(10分)
(6)She committed herself to ______________ (finish) the project by the end of the week.
(7)To understand culture shock, it is vital ____________________ (understand) what culture is.
(8)Our English teacher insists that the homework __________________ (hand) in tomorrow morning.
(9)Educators insist that schools should have each student's __________ (academy) performance evaluated.
(10)The police officer was ______________________ (apparent) off duty when this happened so he made no comment on it.
(三)選詞填空(10分)
(11)Mother will ______________ our washing the clothes by ourselves.
(12)Several years after they'd split up they met again ______________ in Paris.
(13)I ______________________________ accepting her invitation and cannot draw back.
(14)Shortly after ______________________ college, I got my first teaching job at a high school.
(15)It was an act of kindness that ______________ a friendship and memories that will last a lifetime.
(四)完成句子(8分)
(16)一聽到這個新聞，我心中泛起了悲傷。(upon/on＋動名詞)
__________________________________， I felt a sense of sadness in my heart.
(17)他的眼睛深陷，因為他很長時間以來經常工作到深夜。(現在完成時)
His eyes are deep set because he ______________________________________for a long time.
(18)大衛患有腦部疾病，這使他不能像其他孩子一樣走路或跑步。(限制性定語從句)
David had a brain disease __________________________________________ or running like other children.
(19)據說，他已經寫了許多受歡迎的小說。(be＋過去分詞＋to do)
He ____________________________________ many popular novels.
第Ⅱ卷　語篇綜合訓練
(一)閱讀理解
A
Compared with Marie Curie, Wu Chien shiung is not a household name in China, where she was born and grew up, or in the United States, where she spent most of her life.
Wu's father received a modern education in Shanghai, and in 1913, founded the first school for girls in Taicang, aiming to break the old sexist advocacy that it was women's virtue to have no talents, which had the most profound influence on Wu's life.Now, the school has become Mingde Senior Middle School.
Working in the scientific world dominated by men, she never gave up or lowered her standards even if unequally treated.After graduating from the former National Central University in Nanjing, Wu, aged 24, enrolled at the University of California, Berkeley to continue her study in physics.She was the first woman to be president of American Physical Society.
To get accurate results from experiments, she worked seriously day and night at a laboratory and gained a reputation for accuracy.There was a saying among physicists：“If the experiment was done by Wu, it must be correct.” As one of the most influential nuclear physicists of the 20th century, she thoroughly changed human's view of the universe.Her experiments overturned many previous experimental results and theories.
Wu lived a simple life, but she set up a funding program in honor of her father with her life savings, rewarding students and teachers at Mingde Senior Middle School.In 1997, Wu died aged 85 in the US.According to her will, she was buried in her hometown Taicang.Chiang Tsai chien, the author of her biography, Madame Wu Chien shiung：The First Lady of Physics Research, wrote the epitaph (墓志銘) that starts, “Here's buried the most prominent female physicist Wu Chien shiung”， and ends, “she was a distinguished world citizen, and was forever a Chinese”．
1．Why did Wu's father found the first school for girls
A．To promote Wu's personal development.
B．To pursue gender and education equality.
C．To display his well educated background.
D．To improve educational assessment system.
2．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Wu worked as the first female physicist.
B．Attachment to native land never left her.
C．Sexist advocacy gave rise to her simple life.
D．Wu followed her father's will to fund a program.
3．Which words best describe Wu
A．Persistent in faith.
B．Tolerant of sexism.
C．Ambitious for perfection.
D．Well known in her motherland.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．A Woman Who Thrilled the World
B．A Woman, One Distinguished Funder
C．A Woman Who Gained Equal Gender Right
D．A Woman, One Influential Leader in Physics
B
Role models are important for inspiring scientists, but new research suggests that scientists who are known for their hard work are more encouraging than scientists who are viewed as naturally brilliant.
In a series of studies, researchers found that young people were more motivated by scientists whose success was connected with efforts than those whose success was because of natural intelligence, even if that scientist was Albert Einstein.
Danfei Hu, a doctoral student at the Pennsylvania State University, and Janet N．Ann, an assistant professor of Psychology at William Paterson University, said the findings — recently published in Basic and Applied Social Psychology — would help deal with the certain secret about what it takes to succeed in science.
According to the researchers, there is anxiety in the science community about a number of students who run after careers in science during school only to drop out of those career paths once they graduate from college.To help solve the problem, Hu and Ann wanted to research role models, who give the students specific goals, behavior or strategies they can follow.
The researchers performed studies with 176 and 162 participants in each study respectively (分別)．In the first study, all participants read the same story about common struggles a scientist met in his science career.However, half were told the story was about Einstein, while half were told it was about Thomas Edison.Although the stories were the same, participants were more likely to believe natural brilliance was the reason for Einstein's success.In addition, the participants who believe the story was about Edison were more motivated to complete a series of maths problems.
“This proved that people generally seem to view Einstein as a genius, with his success commonly linked to extraordinary talent，” Hu said.“Edison, on the other hand, is known for failing more than 1,000 times when trying to create the light bulb, and his success is linked to his efforts.” Hu added, “Knowing that something great can be achieved through hard work and efforts, more students will step into the science career confidently.”
5．What kind of scientists is more inspiring
A．Those who have made important discoveries.
B．Those who were born with a gift.
C．Those who are viewed as great inventors.
D．Those who are famous for their hard work.
6．What is the concern in the science community
A．Some students will drop out of school soon.
B．There are fewer role models for students to follow.
C．Fewer students will continue to work on science.
D．Some scientists cannot give students specific goals.
7．Why were some participants more motivated to complete a series of maths problems
A．They knew the problems were given by Edison.
B．They believed they could solve the problems by working hard.
C．They believed they were as intelligent as Einstein.
D．They knew they were to work together with Einstein and Edison.8.What is the best title for the text
A．Einstein Is Less Encouraging than Edison
B．Einstein's Success Story
C．How to Be a Great Scientist
D．Edison's Achievements Are Greater
(二)完形填空
Throughout history, female scientists, engineers and mathematicians have changed the world.But while their __9__ have been massive, their names and their stories have __10__ been publicized.Physicist Jess Wade wanted to __11__ the stories of great scientific pioneers who may be overlooked and she __12__ a unique way to do that：writing web pages.
Wade told CBS News that while the __13__ of women in science is small in comparison to that of men, she has always had __14__ in the field.When she was a graduate student，Wade __15__ an inspiring woman in science，Kim Cobb，who is a climate scientist at Brown University.
“So when I met her, I thought she is a(n) __16__ person and I need to learn more about her.When I did a little search, I couldn't __17__ any information about her.What I __18__ was a web page but it wasn't there.”
That's how Wade got the __19__ — to start writing web pages for diverse people in science who don't yet have them.
In her free time, Wade searches the Internet to __20__ information，and then she gets to work writing web pages.She's written more than 1,700 so far.
Wade is now making a __21__ for herself in science, and she knows she wouldn't be here without those who came before her.“We all have a role to __22__ in making science a more diverse and __23__ place，” she said.
9．A.ambitions B．potentials
C．achievements D．demands
10．A.naturally B．permanently
C．rarely D．regularly
11．A.share B．choose
C．read D．appreciate
12．A.thought little of B．came up with
C．passed down D．left out
13．A.goal B．progress
C．responsibility D．number
14．A.concepts B．role models
C．safety rules D．followers
15．A.referred to B．turned down
C．ran across D．took in
16．A.awesome B．ordinary
C．serious D．patient
17．A.remember B．identify
C．offer D．find
18．A.desired B．accepted
C．recommended D．acknowledged
19．A.help B．order
C．belief D．idea
20．A.collect B．post
C．manage D．correct
21．A.suggestion B．will
C．name D．request
22．A.make B．play
C．select D．decide
23．A.fairer B．safer
C．quieter D．wider
(三)主題微寫作(8分)
請用本課所學的詞匯和短語補全下面介紹居里夫人(Marie Curie)的短文。
Marie Curie is the scientist I admire most.She ①____________________________________ (投身于科學研究) with an objective to explore the mysteries of radioactivity.She ②___________
___________________________________ (取得偉大的成就) although she was defeated by radiation many times.③________________ (顯然), she persevered in her work. Most of her life was dedicated to science and she ④____________________________________ (被廣泛認可為) a great scientist.
UNIT 1　課時檢測(二)
第Ⅰ卷　語言基礎訓練
(一)(1)analysing　(2)distinct　(3)acknowledge　(4)crucial　(5)defeated
(二)(6)finish/finishing　(7)to understand
(8)(should) be handed　(9)academic　(10)apparently
(三)(11)insist on　(12)by chance
(13)have committed myself to　(14)graduating from
(15)led to
(四)(16)Upon/On hearing the news
(17)has worked till midnight
(18)which/that prevented him from walking
(19)is said to have written
第Ⅱ卷　語篇綜合訓練
(一)閱讀理解
[A]
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了吳健雄女士的生平。
1．選B　細節理解題。由第二段中“Wu's father ...Wu's life.”可知，吳的父親創辦了第一所女子學校，旨在追求性別平等和教育平等。故選B。
2．選B　推理判斷題。由最后一段“Wu lived ...forever a Chinese.”可知，她對祖國做出了巨大貢獻，并安葬在中國，可見對故土的依戀從未離開過她。故選B。
3．選A　推理判斷題。由第三段中“Working ...treated.”和第四段中“To get accurate ...accuracy.”可知，她堅持信念，努力實現自己的目標。故選A。
4．選D　標題歸納題。由最后一段中“Chiang Tsai chien, the author of her biography, ...a Chinese.”并結合全文內容可知，本文主要介紹了吳健雄女士，一位有影響力的女性物理學領袖。故選D。
[B]
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項研究——以辛勤工作著稱的科學家比被視為天才的科學家更鼓舞人心。
5．選D　細節理解題。根據第一段“Role models are important ...naturally brilliant.”可知，那些以努力工作著稱的科學家更鼓舞人心。
6．選C　細節理解題。根據第四段中“According to the researchers ...graduate from college.”可知，科學界擔心的是繼續科學研究事業的學生將會變少。
7．選B　推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中“In addition ... were more motivated to complete a series of maths problems.”和最后一段中“Knowing that something great can be achieved through hard work ... the science career confidently.”可知，一些參與者之所以更有動力完成一系列數學問題，是因為他們相信通過努力工作就能解決這些問題。
8．選A　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了一項研究——以辛勤工作著稱的科學家比被視為天才的科學家更令人鼓舞，并列舉了愛因斯坦和愛迪生的例子。由此可知，“Einstein Is Less Encouraging than Edison (愛因斯坦不如愛迪生鼓舞人心)能夠概括文章主要內容，最適合作本文標題。
(二)完形填空
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了歷史上很多女性取得了杰出的成就，可是她們卻默默無聞。物理學家 Jess Wade想通過自己的努力來改變這一現狀。
9．選C　根據上文“Throughout history, female scientists, engineers and mathematicians have changed the world.”可知，這些女性取得了巨大的“成就”。ambition“追求；理想”；potential“潛力”；achievement“成就”；demand“需求”。故選C。
10．選C　根據上文“while”一詞可知，上下文是轉折關系。這些女性雖然成就巨大，但是“很少”被報道。 naturally“自然地”； permanently“永久地”；rarely“很少”；regularly“規律地”。故選C。
11．選A　根據下文“who may be overlooked and she______ a unique way to do that：writing web pages”可知，物理學家Jess Wade想在網上“分享”她們的故事。故選A。
12．選B　根據下文“a unique way to do that：writing web pages”可知，Jess Wade “想出”了一個獨特方法。think little of“不重視”；come up with“想出”；pass down“傳遞”；leave out“遺漏”。故選B。
13．選D　根據下文“of women in science is small in comparison to that of men”可知，比起男性科學家來說，女性科學家的“人數”較少，故選D。
14．選B　根據上下文的轉折關系和“in the field”可知，在這個領域里，她總是有值得效仿的榜樣。concept“概念”； role model“模范”；safety rule“安全規則”；follower“追隨者”。故選B。
15．選C　分析上下文可知，Jess Wade 讀研究生時，“遇到”一位從事科學的優秀女性——Kim Cobb。refer to“提到”；turn down“拒絕”； run across“偶然遇見”；take in“吸收”。故選C。
16．選A　根據下文“I need to learn more about her”可知，Kim Cobb是一位“了不起的”人。awesome“很好的”；ordinary“普通的”；serious“嚴重的”；patient“耐心的”。故選A。
17．選D　根據上文“When I did a little search”可知，沒有找到關于她的任何信息。故選D。
18．選A　根據下文“was a web page but it wasn't there”可知，Jess Wade想找到有關Kim Cobb的網頁信息。 desire“渴望”；accept“接受”； recommend“推薦”；acknowledge“承認”。故選A。
19．選D　根據下文“to start writing web pages for diverse people in science who don't yet have them”可知，Jess Wade遇到的經歷激發她產生了編寫網頁的想法。故選D。
20．選A　根據上文“to start writing ...don't yet have them”可知，Jess Wade搜索網頁的目的是收集有關女性科學家的信息。故選A。
21．選C　由于Jess Wade 所從事的工作，她在科學領域也“出名”了。make a name for oneself＝make one's name意為“使某人成名/出名”。故選C。
22．選B　根據下文“in making science a more diverse and______ place”可知，Jess Wade 認為，我們有責任使科學更多樣化、更公平。play a role“發揮作用；起作用”是固定短語。故選B。
23．選A　根據整篇文章敘述，Jess Wade所做的事是為那些被忽略的女性科學家發聲，這顯然是為了讓科學領域變得“更公平”。故選A。
(三)主題微寫作
①committed herself to scientific research
②obtained great achievements　③Apparently
④is widely acknowledged as
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