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/ 讓教學(xué)更有效 高效備考 | 英語學(xué)科
Unit 3 Better you, better me! 知識(shí)清單
內(nèi)容提要:
一、重要詞匯講解（按詞性歸納）
二、重要詞組搭配
三、單元語法解析
四、單元書面表達(dá)寫作指導(dǎo)（詞匯、句式、參考范文、寫作模板） 五、練習(xí)題（詞匯應(yīng)用+寫作練習(xí)）
一、重要詞匯講解
（一）動(dòng)詞
1.describe /d skra b/v. 描述；形容
課文例句：We are supposed to describe ourselves in a report.
（我們應(yīng)該在報(bào)告中描述自己。）
be supposed to do sth. 應(yīng)該做某事
補(bǔ)充例句：Can you describe what the thief looks like
（你能描述一下小偷長什么樣嗎？）
2.shoot / u t/v. 投籃；發(fā)射
課文例句：I practiced shooting 100 more times every day to improve my abilities.（我每天多練習(xí)投籃 100 次來提高我的能力。）practice doing sth.
練習(xí)做
補(bǔ)充例句：The hunter shot the bird in the tree.
（獵人射中了樹上的鳥。）
shoot 過去式為 shot
3.continue /k n t nju /v. 繼續(xù)；持續(xù)
課文例句：My parents want me to study medicine, but I want to continue with physical education.（我父母想讓我學(xué)醫(yī)，但我想繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)體育。）
補(bǔ)充例句：Despite the rain, the workers continued their work.
（盡管下雨，工人們還是繼續(xù)工作。）
4.organise / ɡ na z/v. 組織；安排
課文例句：Last year, our school organised a talent show.
（去年，我們學(xué)校組織了一場(chǎng)才藝表演。）
補(bǔ)充例句：She is good at organising activities for the class.
（她擅長為班級(jí)組織活動(dòng)。）
be good at doing sth.擅長做某事
5.perform /p f m/v. 表演；履行
課文例句：I performed in front of my family and friends.
（我在家人和朋友面前表演。）
補(bǔ)充例句：The actor will perform a new play next month.
（這位演員下個(gè)月將出演一部新劇。）
6.encourage / n k r d /v. 鼓勵(lì)；激勵(lì)
課文例句：They all encouraged me.（他們都鼓勵(lì)我。）
補(bǔ)充例句：My teacher always encourages us to ask questions.
（我的老師總是鼓勵(lì)我們提問。）
7.finish / f n /v. 完成；結(jié)束；用完
課文例句：When I finished singing, my friends cheered for me.
（當(dāng)我唱完時(shí)，我的朋友們?yōu)槲覛g呼。）
finish doing sth.做完某事
補(bǔ)充例句：He finished his homework before dinner.
（他在晚飯前完成了作業(yè)。）
（二）名詞
1.bit /b t/n. 有點(diǎn)；小量
課文例句：I'm finding it a bit challenging.（我發(fā)現(xiàn)這有點(diǎn)挑戰(zhàn)性。）
補(bǔ)充例句：There's a bit of milk left in the bottle.（瓶子里還剩一點(diǎn)牛奶。）
2.strength /stre θ/n. 長處；力量；強(qiáng)度
課文例句：First, think of your personal strengths.（首先，想想你的個(gè)人長處。）
補(bǔ)充例句：He has the strength to lift this heavy box.
（他有力量舉起這個(gè)重箱子。）
have the strength to do sth. 有力量做模式
3.talent / t l nt/n. 才能；天資
課文例句：In your report, write about your special talents too.
（在你的報(bào)告中，也要寫下你的特殊才能。）
補(bǔ)充例句：She has a talent for music.（她有音樂天賦。）
a talent for sth.有某種天賦
4.championship / t mpi n p/n. 冠軍
課文例句：I'm proud of winning the ping-pong championship in our last school sports event.（我為在上次學(xué)校體育比賽中贏得乒乓球冠軍而自豪。）
be proud of doing sth.
補(bǔ)充例句：He won the world championship in swimming.
（他贏得了世界游泳冠軍。）win the championship in sth.在某件事某個(gè)領(lǐng)域贏得冠軍
5.ability / b l ti/n. 能力；才能；本領(lǐng)
課文例句：I practiced shooting 100 more times every day to improve my abilities.
（我每天多練習(xí)投籃 100 次來提高我的能力。）
ability 變復(fù)數(shù)abilities
補(bǔ)充例句：His ability to solve problems is very strong.（他解決問題的能力很強(qiáng)。）
6.opera / pr /n. 歌劇；歌劇院
課文例句：My name is Lin Lin, and I really enjoy singing Beijing opera.
（我叫林林，我非常喜歡唱京劇。）
enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事
補(bǔ)充例句：She went to the opera last night.（她昨晚去看歌劇了。）
7.stage /ste d /n. 舞臺(tái)；階段；步驟
課文例句：I stood on the central stage and saw my friends waving at me.
（我站在中央舞臺(tái)上，看到我的朋友們向我揮手。）
wave at sb.向某人揮手
補(bǔ)充例句：The project is now in the planning stage.（這個(gè)項(xiàng)目現(xiàn)在處于規(guī)劃階段。）
8.mistake /m ste k/n. 錯(cuò)誤；失誤
課文例句：I just failed my English exam. I made too many spelling mistakes.
（我英語考試不及格，我犯了太多拼寫錯(cuò)誤。）
補(bǔ)充例句：We all make mistakes in our lives.
（我們?cè)谏钪卸紩?huì)犯錯(cuò)。）
make mistakes 犯錯(cuò)
（三）形容詞
1.challenging / t l nd /adj. 挑戰(zhàn)性的
課文例句：I'm finding it a bit challenging.（我發(fā)現(xiàn)這有點(diǎn)挑戰(zhàn)性。）
補(bǔ)充例句：This is a challenging task, but I'm ready for it.
（這是一項(xiàng)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)，但我準(zhǔn)備好了。）
be ready for sth.為……做好準(zhǔn)備
2.unique /ju ni k/adj. 獨(dú)特的；唯一的
課文例句：Everyone is unique. What makes you unique
（每個(gè)人都是獨(dú)特的。是什么讓你與眾不同？）
補(bǔ)充例句：This painting has a unique style.
（這幅畫有獨(dú)特的風(fēng)格。）
3.personal / p s nl/adj. 個(gè)人的；私人的
課文例句：You can write about your personal strengths and special talents.
（你可以寫下你的個(gè)人長處和特殊才能。）
補(bǔ)充例句：This is my personal opinion.（這是我的個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。）
4.musical / mju z kl/adj. 音樂的
課文例句：I'm good at playing the erhu, a traditional Chinese musical instrument.
（我擅長拉二胡，一種中國傳統(tǒng)樂器。）
補(bǔ)充例句：She has a musical family.（她來自一個(gè)音樂世家。）
5.strict /str kt/adj. 要求嚴(yán)格的；嚴(yán)厲的
課文例句：But I was strict with myself.
（但我對(duì)自己要求嚴(yán)格。）
be strict with sb.對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格
補(bǔ)充例句：My teacher is very strict with us.（我的老師對(duì)我們非常嚴(yán)格。）
6.confident / k nf d nt/adj. 自信的
課文例句：I didn't feel confident enough to do that.
（我覺得自己沒有足夠的信心去做那件事。）
補(bǔ)充例句：She is confident about her future.
（她對(duì)自己的未來充滿信心。）
be confident about sth. 對(duì)某事有信心
7.nervous / n v s/adj. 緊張不安的
課文例句：I was nervous about singing in front of all my classmates.
（我在全班同學(xué)面前唱歌很緊張。）
be nervous about doing sth.做某事很緊張
補(bǔ)充例句：He gets nervous before an exam.（他考試前會(huì)緊張。）
8.perfect / p f kt/adj. 完美的；最好的
課文例句：Practice makes perfect.（熟能生巧。）
補(bǔ)充例句：This is a perfect solution to the problem.（這是解決這個(gè)問題的完美方案。）
9.teenage / ti ne d /adj. 十幾歲的
課文例句：I'm a teenage student.（我是一名十幾歲的學(xué)生。）
補(bǔ)充例句：She is in her teenage years.（她正處于十幾歲的年紀(jì)。）
10.average / v r d /adj. 平均的；普通的
課文例句：I get average grades in all my subjects except English.
（除了英語，我所有科目成績都一般。）
補(bǔ)充例句：The average temperature here in summer is 25℃.
（這里夏天的平均氣溫是 25 攝氏度。）
11.stupid / stju p d/adj. 糊涂的；笨的
課文例句：But sometimes I make stupid mistakes.（但有時(shí)我會(huì)犯愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤。）
補(bǔ)充例句：It's stupid of you to do such a thing.
（你做這樣的事真愚蠢。）
it’s stupid of sb to do sth.某人做某事是愚蠢的
12.impossible / m p s bl/adj. 不可能的
課文例句：I want to be like her, but I know that's impossible.
（我想成為她那樣的人，但我知道那是不可能的。）
補(bǔ)充例句：It's impossible to finish this work in one day.
（一天內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)工作是不可能的。）
it’s impossible/possible to do sth.做某事是不可能/可能的
It’s +adj.+(for sb.) to do sth.對(duì)某人來說，做某事是怎么樣的
13.weak /wi k/adj. （能力）弱的
課文例句：I remember facing my final challenge, feeling weak.
（我記得面對(duì)最后挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)，感覺很無力。）
補(bǔ)充例句：My English listening is weak, so I need to practice more.
（我的英語聽力很弱，所以我需要多練習(xí)。）
（四）副詞
gradually / ɡr d u li/adv. 逐漸地
課文例句：Gradually, I became the best shooter on the team.
（漸漸地，我成為了球隊(duì)中最好的射手。）
補(bǔ)充例句：The weather is gradually getting warmer.（天氣逐漸變暖。）
（五）代詞
nobody / n b di/pron. 沒有人
課文例句：Nobody else in my school comes from Greece!
（我們學(xué)校沒有其他人來自希臘！）
補(bǔ)充例句：Nobody knows the answer to this question.
（沒有人知道這個(gè)問題的答案。）
（六）介詞
1.against / ɡenst/prep. 反對(duì)；違反；對(duì)抗
課文例句：Once we played against a team from another city.
（有一次我們和來自另一個(gè)城市的球隊(duì)比賽。）
補(bǔ)充例句：Are you for or against this plan （你是支持還是反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃？）
2.except / k sept/prep. 除外
課文例句：I get average grades in all my subjects except English.
（除了英語，我所有科目成績都一般。）
補(bǔ)充例句：Everyone went to the park except me.（除了我，每個(gè)人都去了公園。）
二、重要詞組搭配用法解析
1.come up with 想出；提出（主意、計(jì)劃等）
課文例句：Maybe I can help you come up with some ideas.
（也許我可以幫你想出一些主意。）
補(bǔ)充例句：He came up with a good plan to solve the problem.
（他想出了一個(gè)解決問題的好計(jì)劃。）
2.be good at 擅長
課文例句：I'm good at playing the erhu, a traditional Chinese musical instrument.
（我擅長拉二胡，一種中國傳統(tǒng)樂器。）
be good at doing sth.
補(bǔ)充例句：She is good at dancing.（她擅長跳舞。）
3.be proud of 為…… 感到自豪
課文例句：I'm proud of winning the ping-pong championship in our last school sports event.（我為在上次學(xué)校體育比賽中贏得乒乓球冠軍而自豪。）
補(bǔ)充例句：We are proud of our country's development.
（我們?yōu)樽鎳陌l(fā)展感到自豪。）
4.be strict with 對(duì)…… 嚴(yán)格要求
課文例句：But I was strict with myself.（但我對(duì)自己要求嚴(yán)格。）
補(bǔ)充例句：Parents should be strict with their children.（父母應(yīng)該對(duì)孩子嚴(yán)格要求。）
5.practice doing sth. 練習(xí)做某事
課文例句：I practiced shooting 100 more times every day to improve my abilities.
（我每天多練習(xí)投籃 100 次來提高我的能力。）
補(bǔ)充例句：He practices speaking English every morning.（他每天早上練習(xí)說英語。）
6.play against 與…… 比賽
課文例句：Once we played against a team from another city.
（有一次我們和來自另一個(gè)城市的球隊(duì)比賽。）
補(bǔ)充例句：Our school team will play against theirs next week.
（我們校隊(duì)下周將和他們校隊(duì)比賽。）
7.dream of 夢(mèng)想；幻想
課文例句：From then on, I started dreaming of becoming an opera singer.
（從那時(shí)起，我開始?jí)粝氤蔀橐幻鑴⊙輪T。）
start doing sth. dream of doing
補(bǔ)充例句：She dreams of being a famous singer.（她夢(mèng)想成為一名著名歌手。）
8.encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵(lì)某人做某事
例句：The teacher encourages us to read more books.（老師鼓勵(lì)我們多讀書。）
9.make mistakes 犯錯(cuò)誤
課文例句：I just failed my English exam. I made too many spelling mistakes.
（我英語考試不及格，我犯了太多拼寫錯(cuò)誤。）
補(bǔ)充例句：Don't be afraid to make mistakes when you learn a new language.
（學(xué)習(xí)新語言時(shí)不要害怕犯錯(cuò)。）
10.learn from 向…… 學(xué)習(xí)；從…… 中吸取教訓(xùn)
課文例句：Don't be too hard on yourself. We all make mistakes. The important thing is to learn from them.（不要對(duì)自己太苛刻。我們都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)。重要的是從中吸取教訓(xùn)。）
補(bǔ)充例句：We should learn from each other's strengths.
（我們應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)彼此的長處。）
三、單元語法知識(shí)講解
（一）復(fù)合句（Compound Sentence）
1.定義：由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的獨(dú)立分句或句子組成，通常由并列連詞 and、but、or、so 等連接。
2.用法
and：表示并列、順承或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。
課文例句：My name is Lin Lin, and I really enjoy singing Beijing opera.
（我叫林林，我非常喜歡唱京劇。）
補(bǔ)充例句：She is kind and helpful.（她善良且樂于助人。）
but：表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。
課文例句：I wanted to sing, but I didn't feel confident enough to do that.
（我想唱歌，但我覺得自己沒有足夠的信心去做那件事。）
補(bǔ)充例句：He is rich but not happy.（他很富有但不快樂。）
or：表示選擇關(guān)系。
補(bǔ)充例句：You can stay at home or go out with us.
（你可以待在家里，或者和我們一起出去。）
so：表示因果關(guān)系，“所以”。
補(bǔ)充例句：It was raining heavily, so we decided to stay at home.
（雨下得很大，所以我們決定待在家里。）
（二）反身代詞（Reflexive Pronouns）
1.定義：表示反射或強(qiáng)調(diào)的代詞，常見的有 myself、yourself、himself、herself、itself、ourselves、yourselves、themselves。
2.用法
作賓語，動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者和承受者是同一人或物。
補(bǔ)充例句：She teaches herself English.（她自學(xué)英語。）
作同位語，用來加強(qiáng)語氣，強(qiáng)調(diào)某人自己。
補(bǔ)充例句：I myself saw the accident.（我自己親眼看到了那場(chǎng)事故。）
四、本單元寫作指導(dǎo)
（一）寫作相關(guān)詞匯詞組
1.自我描述詞匯
性格特點(diǎn)：kind（善良的）、honest（誠實(shí)的）、outgoing（外向的）、shy（害羞的）、friendly（友好的）、active（積極的）、open-minded（思想開放的）
能力與特長：good at（擅長）、talented in（在…… 有天賦）、skilled in（在…… 熟練）、able to（能夠）、have a gift for（有…… 天賦）
2.活動(dòng)與經(jīng)歷詞匯
學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)：study hard（努力學(xué)習(xí)）、pass the exam（通過考試）、fail the exam（考試不及格）、make progress（取得進(jìn)步）、learn from mistakes（從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)）
才藝活動(dòng)：sing（唱歌）、dance（跳舞）、play an instrument（演奏樂器）、perform on stage（在舞臺(tái)上表演）、take part in a talent show（參加才藝表演）
體育活動(dòng)：play basketball（打籃球）、play ping-pong（打乒乓球）、join the school team（加入校隊(duì)）、win a championship（贏得冠軍
）、participate in a sports meeting（參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)）、practice regularly（定期練習(xí)）
3.情感與態(tài)度詞匯
積極情感：proud（自豪的）、confident（自信的）、happy（快樂的）、excited（興奮的）、satisfied（滿意的）
消極情感：nervous（緊張的）、worried（擔(dān)心的）、disappointed（失望的）、sad（難過的）、frustrated（沮喪的）
（二）高分句式句型
1. I am good at... and I often... （我擅長…… 并且我經(jīng)常……）
例句：I am good at playing the piano and I often perform at school events.
2. My personal strength is that... （我的個(gè)人長處是……）
例句：My personal strength is that I am very persistent and never give up easily.
3. I once... which made me... （我曾經(jīng)…… 這讓我……）
例句：I once won the first prize in a singing competition, which made me very proud.
4. Although I... I still... （雖然我…… 但我仍然……）
例句：Although I am a bit shy, I still try to take part in various activities.
5. It is important for me to... because... （…… 對(duì)我來說很重要，因?yàn)椤?br/>例句：It is important for me to learn from my mistakes because it helps me make progress.
（三）參考范文
My Self-Introduction
Hello, everyone. My name is Zhang Wei, a 15-year-old student in Grade 8.
I am an outgoing and friendly boy. I always try to help my classmates when they are in trouble, so I have many good friends. When it comes to my personal strengths, I think persistence is one of them. Once I set a goal, I will keep working hard until I achieve it.
I have a few talents. I am good at playing basketball. I joined the school basketball team last year. Every day after school, I practice playing with my teammates. We once played against a strong team from another school. Although we were nervous at first, we tried our best. Finally, we won the game, and I was proud of our team. Besides, I have a gift for playing the guitar. I taught myself to play it when I was 12. Now I can play many popular songs. Sometimes I play the guitar for my friends at parties, and they all say I play well.
In my studies, I work hard, but I used to be weak in math. I often made mistakes in math exams, which made me worried. However, I didn't give up. I asked my teacher for help and practiced solving math problems every day. Gradually, I made progress. Now my math grades are getting better.
I believe that as long as I keep working hard, I will become better and better. I am looking forward to having a wonderful school life in the future.
（四）寫作模板
自我描述類寫作模板
開頭：介紹基本信息（姓名、年齡、年級(jí)等）
My name is [姓名], and I am a [年齡]-year-old student in Grade [年級(jí)].
中間：描述性格、長處、才藝、經(jīng)歷等
I am a [性格特點(diǎn)] person. I like to [愛好或經(jīng)常做的事].
One of my personal strengths is [長處]. For example, [舉例說明].
I am good at [才藝或技能]. I [相關(guān)經(jīng)歷，例：joined a club/participated in a competition].
During that time, [經(jīng)歷的過程和感受].
In my studies, I [學(xué)習(xí)情況，如：work hard/am good at.../need to improve in...].
[學(xué)習(xí)上的經(jīng)歷，如：I failed an exam, but I learned from it and made progress].
結(jié)尾：表達(dá)信念或?qū)ξ磥淼钠诖?br/>I believe that [信念，如：hard work can lead to success].
I am looking forward to [對(duì)未來的期待，如：becoming a better person/achieving my goals].
五、相關(guān)練習(xí)題
（一）詞匯練習(xí)題
1. 根據(jù)句意及首字母提示寫出單詞。
He can d______ the beautiful scenery in detail.
She has a t______ for painting.
We should learn from our m______.
The team won the c______ in the sports meeting.
It is c______ of him to help the old lady cross the road.
2.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
She practices ______ (play) the piano every day.
He is ______ (confidence) that he can pass the exam.
My teacher encourages me ______ (study) harder.
We are proud of ______ (win) the game.
Everyone makes mistakes. The important thing is ______ (learn) from them.
（二）詞組練習(xí)題
1. 從方框中選擇合適的詞組填空，使句子完整通順。
be good at, be proud of, come up with, learn from, make mistakes
He ______ playing football and often helps his team win.
The little boy ______ a clever idea to solve the problem.
We should ______ each other to improve ourselves.
She ______ her daughter's achievements.
Don't be afraid to ______ when you learn a new language.
（三）語法練習(xí)題
1. 判斷下列句子是否為復(fù)合句，若是，請(qǐng)指出并列連詞及分句之間的關(guān)系。
I like singing, and my sister likes dancing.
He is tired, but he still goes on working.
You can go by bus or take a taxi.
It was raining, so we stayed at home.
She studies hard every day.
用反身代詞填空。
The little girl can dress ______.
We should believe in ______.
He ______ told me the news.
The children enjoyed ______ at the party.
My parents always ask me to do my homework by ______.
（四）寫作練習(xí)題
根據(jù)本單元寫作模板，寫一篇關(guān)于自我描述的短文，要求包含你的基本信息、性格特點(diǎn)、長處、才藝、學(xué)習(xí)情況以及對(duì)未來的期待。
練習(xí)題答案解析
詞匯練習(xí)題
根據(jù)句意及首字母提示寫出單詞
describe：“他能詳細(xì)地描述美麗的風(fēng)景”，結(jié)合首字母 “d” 和 “描述” 的含義，應(yīng)填 “describe” 。
talent：“她有繪畫天賦”，“talent” 表示 “才能；天資”，符合語境和首字母要求。
mistakes：“我們應(yīng)該從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)”，“mistakes” 是 “mistake” 的復(fù)數(shù)形式，“make mistakes” 或 “l(fā)earn from mistakes” 為常見搭配，與句意和首字母匹配。
championship：“這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)在運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)上贏得了冠軍”，“championship” 意為 “冠軍” ，符合句子邏輯和首字母提示。
kind：“他幫助老太太過馬路，真是善良”，“kind” 表示 “善良的”，形容人的品質(zhì)，滿足句意和首字母條件。
用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
playing：“practice doing sth.” 是固定用法，意為 “練習(xí)做某事”，所以 “play” 要用動(dòng)名詞形式 “playing”，即 “她每天練習(xí)彈鋼琴”。
confident：“be confident that...” 為固定搭配，“自信地認(rèn)為……”，這里需要用形容詞 “confident”，“他自信能通過考試”。
to study：“encourage sb. to do sth.” 表示 “鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”，所以 “study” 要用動(dòng)詞不定式形式 “to study”，“我的老師鼓勵(lì)我更努力學(xué)習(xí)”。
winning：“be proud of” 中 “of” 是介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞，所以 “win” 要變?yōu)?“winning”，“我們?yōu)橼A得比賽感到自豪”。
to learn：“The important thing is to do sth.” 表示 “重要的是做某事”，這里用動(dòng)詞不定式作表語，“每個(gè)人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)，重要的是從中吸取教訓(xùn)”。
詞組練習(xí)題
從方框中選擇合適的詞組填空，使句子完整通順
is good at：“他擅長踢足球，經(jīng)常幫助他的球隊(duì)獲勝”，“be good at” 表示 “擅長”，符合句子語境，主語 “He” 是第三人稱單數(shù)，be 動(dòng)詞用 “is”。
came up with：“這個(gè)小男孩想出了一個(gè)解決問題的聰明主意”，“come up with” 意為 “想出；提出”，根據(jù)語境可知用一般過去時(shí)，“come” 的過去式是 “came”。
learn from：“我們應(yīng)該互相學(xué)習(xí)來提高自己”，“l(fā)earn from” 表示 “向…… 學(xué)習(xí)”，符合句子邏輯。
is proud of：“她為女兒的成就感到自豪”，“be proud of” 表示 “為…… 感到自豪”，主語 “She” 是第三人稱單數(shù)，be 動(dòng)詞用 “is”。
make mistakes：“學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言時(shí)不要害怕犯錯(cuò)”，“make mistakes” 表示 “犯錯(cuò)誤”，符合句子意思。
語法練習(xí)題
判斷下列句子是否為復(fù)合句，若是，請(qǐng)指出并列連詞及分句之間的關(guān)系
是復(fù)合句，并列連詞 “and”，表示并列關(guān)系。“I like singing” 和 “my sister likes dancing” 是兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的分句，通過 “and” 連接，說明 “我” 和 “我妹妹” 不同的愛好，二者為并列關(guān)系 。
是復(fù)合句，并列連詞 “but”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。“He is tired” 和 “he still goes on working” 是兩個(gè)分句，“but” 表明前后情況相反，盡管他累了，但仍然繼續(xù)工作，為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。
是復(fù)合句，并列連詞 “or”，表示選擇關(guān)系。“You can go by bus” 和 “take a taxi”（完整形式為 “You can take a taxi”）是兩個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)，“or” 表示在兩種出行方式中進(jìn)行選擇 。
是復(fù)合句，并列連詞 “so”，表示因果關(guān)系。“It was raining” 是原因，“we stayed at home” 是結(jié)果，“so” 連接表明因?yàn)橄掠辏晕覀兇诩依铮瑸橐蚬P(guān)系。
不是復(fù)合句，該句只有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu) “She studies hard”，“every day” 是時(shí)間狀語，屬于簡單句。
用反身代詞填空
herself：“這個(gè)小女孩能自己穿衣服”，“dress oneself” 表示 “給自己穿衣服”，主語是 “The little girl”，對(duì)應(yīng)的反身代詞是 “herself”。
ourselves：“我們應(yīng)該相信自己”，主語是 “We”，反身代詞用 “ourselves”。
himself：“他親自告訴了我這個(gè)消息”，“himself” 在這里作同位語，強(qiáng)調(diào)是他本人告訴 “我”，加強(qiáng)語氣。
themselves：“孩子們?cè)诰蹠?huì)上玩得很開心”，“enjoy oneself” 表示 “玩得開心”，主語是 “The children”，反身代詞用 “themselves”。
myself：“我父母總是讓我自己做作業(yè)”，“by oneself” 表示 “獨(dú)自地；靠自己”，主語是 “I”，反身代詞用 “myself”。
寫作題參考范文
My Self-Introduction
Hello! My name is Li Xiaomei, and I am a 14-year-old student in Grade 8. I consider myself a cheerful and optimistic person. I always wear a smile on my face and try to see the bright side of things, which makes it easy for me to make friends with my classmates.
One of my personal strengths is my strong sense of responsibility. Whenever I'm assigned a task, whether it's organizing a group project in class or taking care of my pet at home, I will complete it carefully and on time. For example, last month, I was in charge of collecting homework for our study group. I reminded everyone patiently and made sure all the assignments were submitted correctly. I am good at dancing. I have been learning traditional Chinese dance for five years and have participated in several dance competitions.
The most unforgettable one was last year's city-level dance competition. I was very nervous before going on stage, but as soon as the music started, I focused on every movement. Finally, our team won the second prize. It was an exciting experience that made me more confident in my dancing skills. In my studies, I work quite hard, especially in English. I love reading English stories and watching English movies, which helps me improve my language skills. However, I'm not so good at physics. I often find it difficult to understand some concepts and make mistakes in problem-solving. But I'm not discouraged. I plan to ask my teacher and classmates for help and do more exercises to improve my performance.
I believe that with continuous efforts, I can overcome my weaknesses and become better in all aspects. I'm looking forward to exploring more knowledge and achieving my dreams in the future.

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