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Unit 7 Let's volunteer ! 知識(shí)清單
內(nèi)容提要:
一、重要詞匯講解（按詞性歸納）
二、重要詞組搭配
三、單元語法解析及練習(xí)題
四、單元書面表達(dá)寫作指導(dǎo)（詞匯、句式、參考范文、寫作模板、寫作練習(xí)題）
五、拓展練習(xí)題
一、重要詞匯講解
（一）動(dòng)詞
volunteer / v l n t (r)/ 含義：自愿做；當(dāng)志愿者
課文例句：Li Ming: Yes. I am going to volunteer at the library.
（李明：是的，我要去圖書館當(dāng)志愿者。）
其他例句：She volunteers to help the elderly every weekend.
（她每個(gè)周末自愿幫助老年人。）
用法：volunteer at + 地點(diǎn)，表示 “在某地當(dāng)志愿者”；
volunteer to do sth. 表示 “自愿做某事”。
collect /k lekt/ 含義：收集；采集；收藏
課文例句：Li Ming: Maybe you can plant trees and collect rubbish on the side of the road to protect the environment.
（李明：也許你可以種樹，在路邊收集垃圾來保護(hù)環(huán)境。）
其他例句：He likes to collect stamps.（他喜歡集郵。）
用法：collect sth. 表示 “收集某物”，可與介詞 from 搭配。
如 collect money from the public（向公眾募捐）。
apply / pla / 含義：申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用
課文例句：I found something I wanted to do - reading stories to children at the library - and applied online.（李明：我在網(wǎng)上查的！我找到了我想做的事 —— 在圖書館給孩子們讀故事 —— 然后在線申請(qǐng)了。）
其他例句：She applied for a job in the company.
（她申請(qǐng)了這家公司的一份工作。）
用法：apply for sth. 表示 “申請(qǐng)某物”；
apply to do sth. 表示 “申請(qǐng)做某事”；
apply...to... 表示 “把…… 應(yīng)用于……”。
greet /ɡri t/ 含義：迎接；歡迎
課文例句：We need volunteers to greet and guide donors.
（我們需要志愿者迎接和引導(dǎo)捐贈(zèng)者。）
其他例句：The children greeted their teacher politely.
（孩子們禮貌地迎接他們的老師。）
用法：greet sb. 表示 “迎接 / 歡迎某人”，可與 with 連用。
如 greet sb. with a smile（微笑著迎接某人）。
communicate /k mju n ke t/ 含義：交流；溝通
課文例句：Sometimes it was hard to communicate with some of the elderly people because of their health problems.
（有時(shí)因?yàn)橐恍├夏耆说慕】祮栴}，很難和他們交流。）
其他例句：We can communicate with people from different countries via the Internet.
（我們可以通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與來自不同國家的人交流。）
用法：communicate with sb. 表示 “與某人交流”；
communicate sth. to sb. 表示 “把某事傳達(dá)給某人”。
（二）名詞
volunteer / v l n t (r)/ 含義：志愿者
課文例句：Song Hua: Can I volunteer for anything
（宋華：我能自愿做些什么嗎？）
其他例句：She has been a volunteer in the hospital for two years.
（她在這家醫(yī)院做志愿者已經(jīng)兩年了。）
拓展：volunteer 可作動(dòng)詞，意為 “自愿做”。
如 volunteer to do sth.（自愿做某事）。
community /k mju n ti/ 含義：社區(qū)；社會(huì)
課文例句：The main purpose of volunteering is to help others and make our community a better place.
（志愿服務(wù)的主要目的是幫助他人，使我們的社區(qū)變得更好。）
其他例句：Our community has a new library.
（我們社區(qū)有一個(gè)新圖書館。）
opportunity / p tju n ti/ 含義：機(jī)會(huì)；時(shí)機(jī)
課文例句：Check out the following opportunities:
（看看以下機(jī)會(huì)：）
復(fù)數(shù)opportunities
其他例句：She missed the opportunity to study abroad.
（她錯(cuò)過了出國留學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)。）
搭配：have an opportunity to do sth. 表示 “有機(jī)會(huì)做某事”；
take the opportunity to do sth. 表示 “抓住機(jī)會(huì)做某事”。
preparation / prep re n/ 含義：準(zhǔn)備；預(yù)備
課文例句：You only need to spend one or two hours a week on lesson preparation, and another two hours teaching.
（你只需要每周花一兩個(gè)小時(shí)備課，另外兩個(gè)小時(shí)教學(xué)。）
其他例句：We made good preparations for the exam.
（我們?yōu)榭荚囎隽顺浞值臏?zhǔn)備。）
拓展：動(dòng)詞形式是 prepare，prepare for sth. 表示 “為某事做準(zhǔn)備”。
conversation / k nv se n/ 含義：談話
例句：We had a pleasant conversation about our hobbies.
（我們就我們的愛好進(jìn)行了一次愉快的談話。）
搭配：have a conversation with sb. 表示 “與某人談話”。
（三）形容詞
valuable / v lju bl/ 含義：寶貴的；很有用的
課文例句：Li Ming: It is a valuable experience.
（李明：這是一次寶貴的經(jīng)歷。）
其他例句：This is a valuable painting.（這是一幅珍貴的畫。）
反義詞：valueless（無價(jià)值的）。
responsible /r sp ns bl/ 含義：負(fù)責(zé)的；有責(zé)任的；可靠的
課文例句：You will be responsible for answering questions and providing information for donors.
（你將負(fù)責(zé)為捐贈(zèng)者解答問題和提供信息。）
其他例句：He is a responsible teacher.
（他是一位負(fù)責(zé)任的老師。）
搭配：be responsible for 表示 “對(duì)…… 負(fù)責(zé)”。
comfortable / k mft bl/ 含義：舒適的
課文例句：They just need to wear comfortable clothing.
（他們只需要穿舒適的衣服。）
其他例句：This chair is very comfortable.（這把椅子很舒適。）
副詞形式：comfortably（舒適地）。
elderly / eld li/ 含義：年紀(jì)較大的
課文例句：Li Ming: Or you'd like to help the elderly.
（李明：或者你想幫助老年人。）
其他例句：We should respect the elderly.
（我們應(yīng)該尊敬老年人。）
用法：the elderly 表示 “老年人”，作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
favourable / fe v r bl/ 含義：有利的
課文例句：Your special attention will help create a favourable environment for them.
（你的特別關(guān)注將幫助為他們創(chuàng)造一個(gè)有利的環(huán)境。）
其他例句：The weather is favourable for a picnic.
（天氣適合野餐。）
（四）介詞
for /f (r)/ 含義：為了；對(duì)于；給
例句：This gift is for you.（這個(gè)禮物是給你的。）
She is good at singing for her age.
（就她的年齡而言，她擅長(zhǎng)唱歌。）
用法：for 可表示對(duì)象、目的、原因、時(shí)間等。
with /w / 含義：和…… 一起；具有；用
課文例句：Julia: On Saturday, we'll provide you with water, gloves, and bags.（朱莉婭：周六，我們會(huì)給你提供水、手套和袋子。）
例句：He went to the park with his friends.
（他和他的朋友們?nèi)チ斯珗@。）
She wrote the letter with a pen.（她用鋼筆寫了這封信。）
用法：with 可表示伴隨、工具、方式等。
at / t/ 含義：在（某處）；在（某時(shí)間或時(shí)刻）
課文例句：Li Ming: Yes. I am going to volunteer at the library.
（李明：是的，我要去圖書館當(dāng)志愿者。）
其他例句：We have class at 8 o'clock.（我們八點(diǎn)上課。）
He is good at playing basketball.（他擅長(zhǎng)打籃球。）
用法：at 可表示地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、從事的活動(dòng)等。
二、重要詞組搭配用法解析
help out 含義：幫忙；協(xié)助
課文例句：I will read storybooks to kids. I help out once a week.
（李明：我會(huì)給孩子們讀故事書。我每周幫忙一次。）
例句：She often helps out in the kitchen when her mother is busy.
（當(dāng)她媽媽忙的時(shí)候，她經(jīng)常在廚房幫忙。）
clean up 含義：打掃干凈
課文例句：Tom: Okay. I'll help clean up the park.
（湯姆：好的。我會(huì)幫忙打掃公園。）
例句：We need to clean up the classroom before the teacher comes.
（我們需要在老師來之前把教室打掃干凈。）
provide...with... 含義：為…… 提供……
課文例句：Julia: On Saturday, we'll provide you with water, gloves, and bags.
（朱莉婭：周六，我們會(huì)給你提供水、手套和袋子。）
例句：The school provides students with textbooks.
（學(xué)校為學(xué)生提供課本。）
look up 含義：查閱；查找
課文例句：Li Ming: I looked it up on the internet!
（李明：我在網(wǎng)上查的！）
例句：If you don't know the word, you can look it up in the dictionary.
（如果你不認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)單詞，你可以查字典。）
join in 含義：參加；加入
例句：They are playing football. Let's join in.
（他們?cè)谔咦闱颉Ｎ覀兗尤氚伞＃?br/>make a difference 含義：有影響；起作用
課文例句：Join our program and make a difference in their lives.
（加入我們的項(xiàng)目，改變他們的生活。）
例句：Even small acts of kindness can make a difference.
（即使是小小的善舉也能產(chǎn)生影響。）
take action 含義：采取行動(dòng)
課文例句：Volunteering is all about taking action to make a positive difference.
（志愿服務(wù)就是采取行動(dòng)，做出積極的改變。）
例句：We need to take action to protect the environment.
（我們需要采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)環(huán)境。）
care for 含義：照顧；關(guān)心；喜歡
課文例句：If you like animals, you can help care for pets at an animal shelter.
（如果你喜歡動(dòng)物，你可以在動(dòng)物收容所幫忙照顧寵物。）
例句：She spent years caring for her sick mother.
（她花了多年時(shí)間照顧生病的母親。）
三、單元語法知識(shí)講解
本單元重點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞不定式（to-infinitive）的用法。
含義：動(dòng)詞不定式由 “to + 動(dòng)詞原形” 構(gòu)成，在句中可作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等。
作賓語：動(dòng)詞不定式常作 want, hope, plan, decide, like, need 等動(dòng)詞的賓語。
課文例句：
Li Ming: I am going to volunteer at the library.（李明：我要去圖書館當(dāng)志愿者。）（be going to 后接動(dòng)詞原形，此處 volunteer 為動(dòng)詞，可理解為包含不定式含義）
其他例句：
I want to go to the park.（我想去公園。）
She hopes to become a teacher.（她希望成為一名教師。）
作定語：動(dòng)詞不定式作定語時(shí)，常放在被修飾的名詞或代詞后面。
課文例句：We need volunteers to greet and guide donors.
（我們需要志愿者迎接和引導(dǎo)捐贈(zèng)者。）
（to greet and guide donors 作定語修飾 volunteers）
其他例句：I have a lot of homework to do.（我有很多作業(yè)要做。）
作狀語：動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語時(shí)，可表示目的、結(jié)果、原因等。
例句：He went to the store to buy some milk.
（他去商店買一些牛奶。）（表目的）
語法練習(xí)題
用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
She plans______(visit) her grandparents next week.
They want______(join) the volunteer program.
He decided______(help) clean up the park.
I hope______(learn) more about volunteering.
We need______(prepare) for the coming event.
答案：1. to visit；2. to join；3. to help；4. to learn；5. to prepare
解析：
1. plan 后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，所以用 to visit。
2. want 后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，用 to join。
3. decide 后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，用 to help。
4. hope 后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，用 to learn。
5. need 后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，用 to prepare。
四、本單元寫作指導(dǎo)
（一）寫作相關(guān)詞匯詞組
志愿服務(wù)活動(dòng)：volunteering activities（志愿服務(wù)活動(dòng)）、plant trees（種樹）、collect rubbish（收集垃圾）、read stories to kids（給孩子們讀故事）、help the elderly（幫助老年人）、teach English（教英語）、care for animals（照顧動(dòng)物）、clean up the park（打掃公園）
感受與收獲：happy（開心的）、proud（自豪的）、valuable（寶貴的）、meaningful（有意義的）、rewarding（有益的）、learn a lot（學(xué)到很多）、become more patient（變得更有耐心）、make friends（交朋友）
相關(guān)人員與地點(diǎn)：volunteer（志愿者）、elderly people（老年人）、kids（孩子們）、animal shelter（動(dòng)物收容所）、library（圖書館）、park（公園）、community（社區(qū)）、nursing home（養(yǎng)老院）
（二）高分句式句型
I volunteered to______(activity) at/in______(place).
（我在______自愿做______活動(dòng)。）
例句：I volunteered to read stories to kids at the library.
（我在圖書館自愿給孩子們讀故事。）
It was a______(adjective) experience because______.
（這是一次______的經(jīng)歷，因?yàn)開_____。）
例句：It was a valuable experience because I helped others and learned a lot.
（這是一次寶貴的經(jīng)歷，因?yàn)槲規(guī)椭藙e人，也學(xué)到了很多。）
During the volunteering, I______(activity 1) and______(activity 2).
（在志愿服務(wù)期間，我______和______。）
例句：During the volunteering, I cleaned the park and helped the elderly cross the road.（在志愿服務(wù)期間，我打掃了公園，還幫助老年人過馬路。）
The most enjoyable part was______(activity).（最令人愉快的部分是______。）
例句：The most enjoyable part was seeing the kids' happy faces when I read stories to them.（最令人愉快的部分是當(dāng)我給孩子們讀故事時(shí)，看到他們開心的笑臉。）
I learned that______(lesson).（我學(xué)到了______（道理）。）
例句：I learned that helping others can make us happy.（我學(xué)到了幫助別人能讓我們快樂。）
（三）參考范文
My Volunteering Experience
Last weekend, I volunteered at the community park.
I helped collect rubbish and clean up the paths. Many people came to the park, and some joined us. We worked together happily. When we finished, the park looked very clean.
The most enjoyable part was seeing people's
happy smiles. It was a meaningful experience. I learned that even small efforts can make our community better. I plan to volunteer again next month.
（四）寫作模板
My Volunteering Story
Last [time時(shí)間], I volunteered [preposition職位] [place地點(diǎn)].
I [activity 1活動(dòng)1] and [activity 2活動(dòng)2]. Some [people人] also joined me, and we [feeling during the activity活動(dòng)期間感受]. When we finished, [result of the activity活動(dòng)的結(jié)果].
The most [adjective形容詞] part was [the most impressive thing最影響深刻的事]. It was a [adjective形容詞] experience. I learned that [lesson學(xué)到的經(jīng)驗(yàn)]. I hope to [plan for future volunteering未來志愿者的計(jì)劃].
（五）寫作練習(xí)題
請(qǐng)以 “Volunteering at the Nursing Home” 為題，寫一篇不少于 60 字的短文，描述在養(yǎng)老院的志愿服務(wù)經(jīng)歷。
參考范文：
Volunteering at the Nursing Home
Last Sunday, I volunteered at the nursing home.
I talked with the elderly and read newspapers to them. They told me many interesting stories. We laughed a lot together.
The most wonderful part was seeing their happy faces. It was a great experience. I will go there again next week.
六、綜合拓展練習(xí)題
用方框中所給詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空：
help out, look up, make a difference, care for, provide...with...
（1）The community______the homeless______food and clothes.
（2）Please______the new word in the dictionary.
（3）She often______at the animal shelter on weekends.
（4）Your kindness can______in their lives.
（5）We should______the elderly in our neighborhood.
答案：（1）provides；with（2）look up（3）helps out（4）make a difference（5）care for
解析：（1）句意為 “社區(qū)為無家可歸者提供食物和衣服”，用 provide...with...，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，所以用 provides。
句意為 “請(qǐng)?jiān)谧值渲胁殚嗊@個(gè)新單詞”，用 look up。
句意為 “她周末經(jīng)常在動(dòng)物收容所幫忙”，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，用 helps out。
（4）句意為 “你的善良能改變他們的生活”，用 make a difference。（5）句意為 “我們應(yīng)該照顧小區(qū)里的老年人”，用 care for。
閱讀理解：
Volunteering is a great way to help others. Many students volunteer in their free time. They may help clean the park, teach kids English, or visit the elderly. Volunteering not only helps people in need but also makes volunteers happy. It teaches them to be responsible and kind.
What do students often do when volunteering
How does volunteering help volunteers
答案：（1）They may help clean the park, teach kids English, or visit the elderly.
（2）It not only helps people in need but also makes them happy. It teaches them to be responsible and kind.
解析：（1）從文中 “They may help clean the park, teach kids English, or visit the elderly.” 可知答案。（2）從 “Volunteering not only helps people in need but also makes volunteers happy. It teaches them to be responsible and kind.” 可知答案。

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