資源簡介 / 讓教學更有效 高效備考 | 英語學科Unit 8 Protecting the environment 知識清單內容提要:一、重要詞匯講解(按詞性歸納)二、重要詞組搭配三、單元語法解析四、單元書面表達寫作指導(詞匯、句式、參考范文、寫作模板) 五、練習題(詞匯應用+寫作練習)一、重要詞匯講解(一)動詞recycle / ri sa kl/ 含義:回收利用;再利用課文例句:Brian: I'll go throw this bottle in the recycling bin.(布萊恩:我去把這個瓶子扔進回收箱。)其他例句:We should recycle plastic bottles and paper.(我們應該回收塑料瓶和紙張。)用法:recycle sth. 表示 “回收某物”,可與介詞 for 搭配;如 recycle old materials for new products(將舊材料回收用于新產品)。pollute /p lu t/ 含義:污染;弄臟課文例句:Plastic will stay in the ground for years and pollute the soil, water, and plants.(塑料會在地下留存多年,污染土壤、水和植物。)其他例句:Factories should not pollute the river.(工廠不應該污染河流。)用法:pollute 后可接空氣、水、土壤等表示環境的名詞,其名詞形式是 pollution。reduce /r dju s/ 含義:減少;降低課文例句:Small changes in our daily habits will have a big impact on reducing plastic waste.(我們日常習慣中的小改變將對減少塑料垃圾產生重大影響。)其他例句:We need to reduce the use of plastic bags.(我們需要減少塑料袋的使用。)用法:reduce sth. 表示 “減少某物”,如 reduce pollution(減少污染)、reduce costs(降低成本)。protect /pr tekt/ 含義:保護;防護課文例句:In an environmental club, students learn to reduce pollution and protect the environment.(在環保俱樂部里,學生們學習減少污染和保護環境。)其他例句:We should protect wild animals.(我們應該保護野生動物。)用法:protect sb./sth. from sth. 表示 “保護某人 / 某物免受某物傷害”,如 protect children from danger(保護孩子免受危險)。affect / fekt/ 含義:影響;使感染課文例句:Plastic pollution affects the natural beauty of the environment.(塑料污染影響環境的自然美。)其他例句:The bad weather affected our trip.(壞天氣影響了我們的旅行。)用法:affect 是及物動詞,直接接賓語,如 affect one's health(影響健康)(二)名詞plastic / pl st k/ 含義:塑料;塑料制品(n.);塑料的(adj.)課文例句:It's just some plastic. Look, it's a plastic bottle.(只是一些塑料。看,是一個塑料瓶。)其他例句:We should use less plastic.(我們應該少用塑料制品。)This is a plastic bag.(這是一個塑料袋。)用法:作名詞時,可表示泛指的塑料或塑料制品;作形容詞時,修飾名詞。pollution /p lu n/ 含義:污染課文例句:Plastic pollution is a global problem.(塑料污染是一個全球性問題。)其他例句:Air pollution is bad for our health.(空氣污染對我們的健康有害。)拓展:動詞形式是 pollute,如 pollute the water(污染水)。environment / n va r nm nt/ 含義:環境例句:We should keep our environment clean.(我們應該保持環境清潔。)拓展:形容詞形式是 environmental,如 environmental protection(環境保護)。waste /we st/ 含義:浪費;廢棄物(n.);浪費(v.)課文例句:They create a lot of waste.(他們產生大量廢棄物。)其他例句:It's a waste of time.(這是浪費時間。)Don't waste water.(不要浪費水。)用法:作名詞時,可表示 “浪費” 或 “廢棄物”;作動詞時,后接賓語,如 waste money(浪費錢)。solution /s lu n/ 含義:解決辦法;溶液課文例句:Let's be part of the solution.(讓我們成為解決辦法的一部分。)其他例句:We need a solution to this problem.(我們需要這個問題的解決辦法。)搭配:a solution to sth. 表示 “某事的解決辦法”。(三)形容詞harmful / hɑ mfl/ 含義:有害的課文例句:Such behaviour is harmful to the ocean and its creatures.(這種行為對海洋及其生物有害。)其他例句:Smoking is harmful to health.(吸煙有害健康。)搭配:be harmful to 表示 “對…… 有害”。global / ɡl bl/ 含義:全球的;全世界的課文例句:In today's world, plastic pollution is a global problem.(在當今世界,塑料污染是一個全球性問題。)其他例句:Global warming is a serious problem.(全球變暖是一個嚴重的問題。)serious / s ri s/ 含義:嚴重的;嚴肅的課文例句:The effects of global warming are serious.(全球變暖的影響是嚴重的。)其他例句:He has a serious illness.(他得了重病。)用法:可修飾問題、情況、表情等,如 a serious problem(嚴重的問題)、a serious face(嚴肅的表情)。reusable / ri ju z bl/ 含義:可再次使用的課文例句:Carry a reusable water bottle.(隨身攜帶可重復使用的水瓶。)其他例句:We should use reusable bags when shopping.(購物時我們應該使用可重復使用的袋子。)cheap /t i p/ 含義:便宜的課文例句:They are indeed easy to carry and cheap to buy.(它們確實便于攜帶且購買便宜。)其他例句:The book is cheap.(這本書很便宜。)反義詞:expensive(昂貴的)。(四)介詞in / n/ 含義:在…… 里;在…… 期間;以…… 方式課文例句:Plastic will stay in the ground for years.(塑料將在地下留存多年。)其他例句:We live in a big city.(我們住在一個大城市里。)He was born in 2008.(他出生于 2008 年。)用法:可表示地點、時間、方式等。on / n/ 含義:在…… 上;在…… 時候課文例句:That man over there is leaving his garbage on the beach.(那邊那個男人把垃圾留在海灘上。)其他例句:The book is on the desk.(書在桌子上。)/We have class on Monday.(我們周一有課。)用法:可表示在物體表面、具體某一天等。for /f (r)/ 含義:為了;對于;給;持續…… 時間課文例句:About half is for packaging goods.(大約一半用于包裝商品。)其他例句:This gift is for you.(這個禮物是給你的。)I have lived here for five years.(我在這里住了五年了。)用法:可表示目的、對象、時間持續等。二、重要詞組搭配用法解析throw away 含義:扔掉;丟棄課文例句:How much garbage do you throw away after lunch (午飯后你扔掉多少垃圾?)例句:Don't throw away the old books. We can give them to others.(不要扔掉舊書。我們可以把它們送給別人。)take action 含義:采取行動例句:We must take action to stop pollution.(我們必須采取行動阻止污染。)instead of 含義:代替;而不是課文例句:Bring your own shopping bag instead of using a plastic one.(帶上你自己的購物袋,而不是用塑料袋。)解析:后接名詞、代詞或動名詞,表示用前者代替后者。如:I walk to school instead of taking a bus.(我步行上學,而不是乘公交車。)be harmful to 含義:對…… 有害課文例句:Such behaviour is harmful to the ocean and its creatures.(這種行為對海洋及其生物有害。)例句:Noise is harmful to our ears.(噪音對我們的耳朵有害。)play a role in 含義:在…… 中起作用課文例句:It plays an important role in environmental protection.(它在環境保護中起著重要作用。)例句:Trees play an important role in keeping the air clean.(樹木在保持空氣清潔方面起著重要作用。)slow down 含義:放慢;減速課文例句:We can help slow down global warming by taking some simple actions.(我們可以通過采取一些簡單的行動來幫助減緩全球變暖。)例句:You should slow down when driving in the rain.(下雨時開車你應該減速。)take care of 含義:照顧;照料;愛護課文例句:For over 50 years, the United Nations has encouraged people from all over the world to take care of the environment.(50 多年來,聯合國一直鼓勵世界各地的人們愛護環境。)例句:We should take care of our parents.(我們應該照顧我們的父母。)make a difference 含義:有影響;起作用課文例句:They feel proud that they make a difference at this beach.(他們為自己在這個海灘上產生了影響而感到自豪。)例句:Even small acts can make a difference.(即使是小小的行動也能產生影響。)三、單元語法知識講解本單元重點學習動詞不定式(to-infinitive)表示目的的用法。含義:動詞不定式 “to + 動詞原形” 可以用來表示做某事的目的,常譯為 “為了……”。課文例句:To carry out the task, the government organised a group of 369 foresters.(為了執行這項任務,政府組織了 369 名林業工人。)The Saihanba Spirit inspired the foresters to complete the difficult task.(塞罕壩精神激勵著林業工人完成這項艱巨的任務。)其他例句:I study hard to get good grades.(我努力學習是為了取得好成績。)She goes to the gym to keep fit.(她去健身房是為了保持健康。)He saved money to buy a new bike.(他存錢是為了買一輛新自行車。)語法練習題用動詞不定式完成下列句子,表達目的。We plant trees______(make our city beautiful).She reads books______(learn more knowledge).They work hard______(earn more money).I get up early______(catch the early bus).He practices English every day______(improve his speaking skills).答案:1. to make our city beautiful;2. to learn more knowledge;3. to earn more money;4. to catch the early bus;5. to improve his speaking skills解析:這些句子中,動詞不定式都用來表示目的,說明前面動作的意圖。如第 1 題 “種樹” 的目的是 “使我們的城市美麗”,用 to make our city beautiful。四、本單元寫作指導(一)寫作相關詞匯詞組環境問題類詞匯:plastic pollution(塑料污染)、global warming(全球變暖)、air pollution(空氣污染)、water pollution(水污染)、deforestation(森林砍伐)、waste problem(垃圾問題)環保行動類詞匯:reduce waste(減少浪費)、recycle materials(回收材料)、reuse things(重復使用物品)、plant trees(種樹)、save water(節約用水)、save energy(節約能源)、sort waste(垃圾分類)、use public transport(使用公共交通)環保物品類詞匯:reusable bags(可重復使用的袋子)、reusable water bottles(可重復使用的水瓶)、energy-saving lamps(節能燈)、recycled paper(再生紙)感受與態度類詞匯:important(重要的)、necessary(必要的)、responsible(有責任的)、proud(自豪的)、worried(擔心的)、determined(決心的)(二)高分句式句型We should______(action行動) to______(purpose目的).(我們應該______來______。)例句:We should recycle plastic to reduce pollution.(我們應該回收塑料來減少污染。)It's important to______(action) because______.( 是重要的,因為 。)例句:It's important to save water because water is very precious.(節約用水是重要的,因為水非常珍貴。)By______(action), we can______(result).(通過______,我們能夠______。)例句:By planting trees, we can make the air cleaner.(通過種樹,我們能夠使空氣更清潔。)Let's______(action) together to______(purpose).(讓我們一起______來______。)例句:Let's sort waste together to protect the environment.(讓我們一起垃圾分類來保護環境。)The problem of______(environmental problem) can be solved by______(solution).(______的問題可以通過______來解決。)例句:The problem of plastic pollution can be solved by using reusable products.(塑料污染的問題可以通過使用可重復使用的產品來解決。)(三)參考范文My Efforts to Protect the EnvironmentI know protecting the environment is important. So I do my best to help.Every day, I use a reusable water bottle instead of plastic ones. When shopping, I take my own bag. I also sort waste at home. Paper and plastic go into the recycling bin, and fruit peels go into another bin. Last weekend, I joined a beach clean-up. We picked up lots of garbage.It feels good to do something for the earth. I hope more people will join me.(四)寫作模板How to Protect Our EnvironmentOur environment is facing some problems, such as______(environmental problem 1環境問題1) and______(environmental problem 2環境問題2). They are harmful to______(what they affect問題的影響).To solve these problems, we can do many things. First, we should______(action 1行動1). For example,(example of action 1行動1 的例子). Second, we can(action 2行動2). What's more,______(action 3行動3).If everyone takes action, our environment will______(good result好的結果). Let's try our best to protect it.(五)寫作練習題請以 “Reducing Plastic Waste” 為題,寫一篇不少于 60 字的短文,談談如何減少塑料垃圾。參考范文:Reducing Plastic WastePlastic waste is a big problem. It harms animals and pollutes the earth.We can reduce it in daily life. Use cloth bags instead of plastic ones. Bring a reusable bottle. Choose products with less packaging. Recycle plastic bottles and boxes.Small steps can make a difference. Let's start now! 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫