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Unit 4 History and Traditions 單元知識總結清
一、詞組搭配
（一）動詞詞組
join...to...：把…… 和…… 連接或聯結起來。
例句：In the 16th century, Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.
（在 16 世紀，威爾士與英格蘭王國合并。）
break away (from sb/sth)：脫離；背叛；逃脫。
例句：Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK.（最后，在 20 世紀，愛爾蘭南部脫離了英國。）
belong to：屬于。
例句：The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.（屬于英國的四個國家在某些領域共同合作。）
keep your eyes open [for]：留心；留意。
例句：If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both the UK's past and its present.
（如果你留心觀察，你會驚訝地發現你可以看到英國的過去和現在。）
take measures：采取措施。
例句：We should take measures to protect historic buildings and cultural traditions.（我們應該采取措施保護歷史建筑和文化傳統。）
earn about：了解。
例句：We can earn more about different tea cultures through studying history.
（通過學習歷史，我們可以更多地了解不同的茶文化。）
（二）介詞詞組
as well as：同 (一樣也)；和；還。
例句：They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
（他們使用同一種旗幟，即英國國旗，還共享相同的貨幣和軍事防御。）
（三）詞匯練習題
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above.
In the 18th century, Scotland was _______ the Kingdom of England to create the Kingdom of Great Britain.
The small country decided to _______ the powerful empire.
This ancient treasure _______ our country's history and should be well - protected.
_______ any signs of wildlife while you're hiking in the forest.
We must _______ to preserve the local traditions before they disappear.
She is good at English _______ French.
By traveling, we can _______ different cultures and customs.
Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above.
請把這兩部分連接起來。
一些反叛者試圖脫離政府。
這座城堡屬于這個家族已經好幾代了。
當你在博物館時，要留意那些珍貴的文物。
為了保護環境，我們需要采取措施。
他不僅會彈鋼琴，還會拉小提琴。
我們可以通過閱讀書籍了解更多關于世界歷史的知識。
二、語法知識點
（一）過去分詞作定語和賓語補足語
過去分詞作定語
用法：單個過去分詞作定語，通常放在被修飾詞之前；過去分詞短語作定語，通常放在被修飾詞之后，相當于一個定語從句。
例句：The shortened name “the UK” is widely used.
（縮寫名稱 “英國” 被廣泛使用。）
The book written by Lu Xun is very popular.（魯迅寫的這本書很受歡迎。）
過去分詞作賓語補足語
用法：常與 “have/get/feel/find/see” 等動詞連用，表示被動或完成的意義。
例句：I had my hair cut yesterday.（我昨天剪了頭發。）
She found herself surrounded by beautiful scenery.
（她發現自己被美麗的景色環繞。）
（二）練習題
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the past participle.
用過去分詞的正確形式完成句子。
The _______ (break) window needs to be repaired.
We were deeply _______ (impress) by the performance.
She got her computer _______ (fix) yesterday.
The _______ (surround) mountains make the village very beautiful.
Rewrite the following sentences using past participles as the attribute or object complement.
用過去分詞作為定語或賓語補語改寫下列句子。
The boy who was lost in the forest was finally found.
We saw a film that was directed by Zhang Yimou.
He had a bike, and he painted it red.
They found a house, and it was built in 1900.
三、重要句式句型分析
（一）“Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.”
結構分析：“Getting to know a little bit about British history” 是動名詞短語作主語，“will help” 是謂語，“you” 是賓語，“solve this puzzle” 是省略 “to” 的不定式作賓語補足語。
（二）“The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions.”
結構分析：“The UK” 是主語，“is” 是系動詞，“a fascinating mix of history and modern culture” 是表語，“with both new and old traditions” 是介詞短語作伴隨狀語。
（三）翻譯練習題
了解一些當地的文化將有助于你更好地理解這個地方。
這座城市是傳統與現代的迷人融合，擁有古老的建筑和現代化的設施。
學習一些英語習語將幫助你更好地理解英語文章。
這個小鎮是自然美景和人文風情的完美結合，吸引了大量游客。
四、單元書面表達寫作指導
（一）重要詞匯詞組搭配積累
歷史相關：history, tradition, ancestor, descendant, kingdom, battle, conquer, achievement
建筑與地點：mansion, cemetery, temple, port, gallery, courtyard, landscape, location
行為與動作：join, break away, belong, surround, greet, explore, preserve
詞組搭配：join...to..., break away from, belong to, as well as, keep your eyes open for, take measures
（二）高分句式積累
There is no doubt that...
例句：There is no doubt that history and traditions play an important role in shaping a country.（毫無疑問，歷史和傳統在塑造一個國家方面起著重要作用。）
It is + adj. + to do sth.
例句：It is necessary to protect historic buildings to preserve our cultural heritage.（保護歷史建筑以保存我們的文化遺產是必要的。）
By doing..., we can...
例句：By studying the history of a place, we can have a deeper understanding of its culture.（通過研究一個地方的歷史，我們可以更深入地了解它的文化。）
Not only..., but also...
例句：The UK not only has a long history but also has rich modern culture.
（英國不僅歷史悠久，而且現代文化豐富。）
（三）參考范文
My Hometown: A Blend of History and Tradition
My hometown is a place full of history and traditions, which has always attracted visitors from all over the country.
There is no doubt that the most famous place in my hometown is the ancient temple. Built hundreds of years ago, it stands as a symbol of our local culture. The temple, surrounded by beautiful mountains and clear rivers, looks extremely magnificent. Every year, during important festivals, people gather here to worship ancestors and celebrate traditions. It is not only a religious site but also a place where local people hold various cultural activities.
The local traditions are also very charming. For example, the traditional food here has a unique flavor that has been passed down for generations. The skill of making this special food is carefully taught from father to son. Also, we have traditional dances and music performances during festivals. These activities not only bring people joy but also strengthen the bond among the community.
In addition, the old houses in the town center, with their special architectural style, tell the story of the past. They are a perfect example of how history and modern life coexist. Some of these houses have been turned into museums or cafes, attracting tourists to experience the local history and life.
To preserve these precious historical and traditional heritages, the local government has taken many measures. They have repaired the ancient buildings and organized activities to promote local culture. As a result, more and more people are becoming aware of the importance of protecting our history and traditions.
In conclusion, my hometown is a wonderful place where history and tradition blend harmoniously. It is not only a place to live but also a treasure trove of cultural heritage that deserves to be protected and passed on.
練習題答案及解析
一、詞組搭配練習題答案及解析
（一）Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above
答案：joined to
解析：根據 “create the Kingdom of Great Britain”（創建大不列顛王國）以及歷史知識，18 世紀蘇格蘭與英格蘭合并，“join...to...” 表示 “把…… 和…… 連接或聯結起來”，此處是被動語態，“join” 的過去分詞為 “joined”，所以填 “joined to” 。
答案：break away from
解析：“The small country”（小國家）和 “the powerful empire”（強大的帝國），結合 “break away (from sb/sth)” 表示 “脫離；背叛；逃脫”，“decide to do sth.”（決定做某事），to 后接動詞原形，所以填 “break away from”，表示小國家決定脫離強大帝國 。
答案：belongs to
解析：“This ancient treasure”（這件古老的珍寶）和 “our country's history”（我們國家的歷史），“belong to” 表示 “屬于”，句子陳述客觀事實，用一般現在時，主語 “treasure” 是單數，所以 “belong” 用第三人稱單數形式 “belongs” 。
答案：Keep your eyes open for
解析：“any signs of wildlife”（任何野生動物的跡象），“keep your eyes open [for]” 表示 “留心；留意”，此句為祈使句，動詞用原形，句首字母大寫，所以填 “Keep your eyes open for”，意為在森林徒步時要留意野生動物跡象 。
答案：take measures
解析：“to preserve the local traditions before they disappear”（在當地傳統消失之前保護它們），“take measures” 表示 “采取措施”，“must” 是情態動詞，后接動詞原形，所以填 “take measures”，即我們必須采取措施保護傳統 。
答案：as well as
解析：“She is good at English”（她擅長英語）和 “French”（法語），“as well as” 表示 “同 (一樣也)；和；還”，連接兩個并列的內容，所以填 “as well as”，表示她擅長英語和法語 。
答案：earn about
解析：“By traveling”（通過旅行）和 “different cultures and customs”（不同的文化和習俗），“earn about” 表示 “了解”，“can” 是情態動詞，后接動詞原形，所以填 “earn about”，即通過旅行可以了解不同文化習俗 。
（二）Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above
答案：Please join the two parts together.
解析：“請” 用 “Please”，祈使句開頭；“把…… 連接起來” 用 “join...to...”，這里 “together” 強調連接的動作，將兩部分連接起來，所以翻譯為 “Please join the two parts together” 。
答案：Some rebels tried to break away from the government.
解析：“一些反叛者” 翻譯為 “Some rebels”；“試圖做某事” 用 “try to do sth.”，句子時態可用一般過去時，“try” 的過去式是 “tried”；“脫離” 用 “break away from”，“政府” 是 “the government”，所以整句為 “Some rebels tried to break away from the government” 。
答案：This castle has belonged to this family for several generations.
解析：“這座城堡” 是 “This castle”；“屬于” 用 “belong to”，句子強調從過去到現在一直屬于這個家族，用現在完成時，“belong” 的過去分詞是 “belonged”，主語 “castle” 是單數，助動詞用 “has”；“好幾代” 翻譯為 “for several generations”，所以是 “This castle has belonged to this family for several generations” 。
答案：Keep your eyes open for those precious cultural relics when you are in the museum.
解析：“留意” 用 “keep your eyes open for”，祈使句動詞用原形；“那些珍貴的文物” 翻譯為 “those precious cultural relics”；“當你在博物館時” 用 “when you are in the museum” 引導時間狀語從句，所以翻譯為 “Keep your eyes open for those precious cultural relics when you are in the museum” 。
答案：We need to take measures to protect the environment.
解析：“我們” 是 “We”；“需要做某事” 用 “need to do sth.”；“采取措施” 用 “take measures”；“保護環境” 翻譯為 “protect the environment”，“to protect the environment” 是不定式作目的狀語，所以句子為 “We need to take measures to protect the environment” 。
答案：He can not only play the piano but also play the violin.
解析：“他” 是 “He”；“不僅…… 還……” 用 “not only...but also...”，連接兩個并列的動詞短語；“彈鋼琴” 是 “play the piano”，“拉小提琴” 是 “play the violin”；“會” 用情態動詞 “can”，后接動詞原形，所以翻譯為 “He can not only play the piano but also play the violin” 。
答案：We can earn more about world history by reading books.
解析：“我們” 是 “We”；“可以” 用情態動詞 “can”；“了解更多關于……” 用 “earn more about”；“世界歷史” 是 “world history”；“通過閱讀書籍” 用 “by reading books” 作方式狀語，所以句子是 “We can earn more about world history by reading books” 。
二、語法知識點練習題答案及解析
（一）Complete the sentences with the correct form of the past participle
答案：broken
解析：“window”（窗戶）和 “break”（打破）是被動關系，“broken” 是 “break” 的過去分詞，單個過去分詞作定語修飾 “window”，放在被修飾詞之前，“the broken window” 表示 “破碎的窗戶” 。
答案：impressed
解析：“We”（我們）和 “impress”（給…… 留下深刻印象）是被動關系，“be impressed by” 表示 “被…… 留下深刻印象”，所以用過去分詞 “impressed”，“We were deeply impressed by the performance” 表示 “我們被這場表演深深打動了” 。
答案：fixed
解析：“get sth. done” 表示 “使某事被做”，“computer”（電腦）和 “fix”（修理）是被動關系，所以用 “fix” 的過去分詞 “fixed”，“She got her computer fixed yesterday” 表示 “她昨天找人修了她的電腦” 。
答案：surrounding
解析：“mountains”（山脈）和 “surround”（環繞）是主動關系，這里用現在分詞 “surrounding” 作定語修飾 “mountains”，表示 “環繞的山脈”，而過去分詞 “surrounded” 表示被動，不符合語境 。
（二）Rewrite the following sentences using past participles as the attribute or object complement
答案：The lost boy in the forest was finally found.
解析：原句中 “who was lost in the forest” 是定語從句修飾 “the boy”，可將其改為過去分詞短語作定語，“lost” 是 “lose” 的過去分詞，直接放在 “the boy” 之前，即 “the lost boy in the forest”（在森林里迷路的男孩） 。
答案：We saw a film directed by Zhang Yimou.
解析：“that was directed by Zhang Yimou” 是定語從句修飾 “a film”，改為過去分詞短語作定語，“directed by Zhang Yimou”（由張藝謀執導的），放在 “a film” 之后，相當于 “a film which was directed by Zhang Yimou” 。
答案：He had his bike painted red.
解析：原句 “He had a bike, and he painted it red”（他有一輛自行車，并且他把它漆成了紅色），可改為 “have sth. done” 結構，“have” 表示 “使、讓”，“bike” 和 “paint” 是被動關系，用 “paint” 的過去分詞 “painted”，“red” 作賓語補足語，所以改寫為 “He had his bike painted red” 。
答案：They found a house built in 1900.
解析：“it was built in 1900” 是定語從句修飾 “a house”，改為過去分詞短語作定語，“built in 1900”（建于 1900 年），放在 “a house” 之后，即 “They found a house built in 1900” 。
三、重要句式句型分析翻譯練習題答案及解析
答案：Getting to know some local culture will help you understand this place better.
解析：模仿 “Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.” 句型，“了解一些當地的文化” 翻譯為 “Getting to know some local culture”，動名詞短語作主語；“將有助于” 用 “will help”；“你更好地理解這個地方” 翻譯為 “you understand this place better”，“understand” 前省略 “to” 。
答案：This city is a fascinating mix of tradition and modernity, with ancient buildings and modern facilities.
解析：參照 “The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions.” 句型，“這座城市” 是 “This city”；“是傳統與現代的迷人融合” 翻譯為 “is a fascinating mix of tradition and modernity”；“擁有古老的建筑和現代化的設施” 用 “with ancient buildings and modern facilities” 作伴隨狀語 。
答案：Learning some English idioms will help you understand English articles better.
解析：依據 “Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.”，“學習一些英語習語” 翻譯為 “Learning some English idioms”，動名詞短語作主語；“將幫助你更好地理解英語文章” 翻譯為 “will help you understand English articles better” 。
答案：This small town is a perfect combination of natural beauty and cultural charm, attracting a large number of tourists.
解析：仿照 “The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions.”，“這個小鎮” 是 “This small town”；“是自然美景和人文風情的完美結合” 翻譯為 “is a perfect combination of natural beauty and cultural charm”；“吸引了大量游客” 用 “attracting a large number of tourists” 作結果狀語 。

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