資源簡介 / 讓教學更有效 高效備考 | 英語學科Unit 4 Space exploration 單元知識清單一、詞組搭配(一)動詞詞組carry on:繼續做,堅持干。例句:We should carry on with our research even if we meet difficulties.(即使遇到困難,我們也應該繼續我們的研究。)send up:發射。例句:China has successfully sent up many satellites into space.(中國已成功將許多衛星發射到太空。)figure out:弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白。例句:It took me a long time to figure out the solution to this problem.(我花了很長時間才弄明白這個問題的解決方案。)result in:導致;造成。例句:His carelessness resulted in the failure of the experiment.(他的粗心導致了實驗的失敗。)run out:用完;耗盡。例句:Our water supply ran out after three days.(三天后我們的水源耗盡了。)argue about:爭論;辯論。例句:They are always arguing about small matters.(他們總是為小事爭論不休。)provide for:提供生活所需。例句:He works hard to provide for his family.(他努力工作以供養他的家庭。)(二)名詞詞組space station:空間站。例句:The International Space Station is a remarkable achievement of human space exploration.(國際空間站是人類太空探索的一項非凡成就。)spacecraft:航天器;宇宙飛船。例句:A new spacecraft will be launched next month.(一艘新的宇宙飛船將于下個月發射。)spacewalk:太空行走;太空行走的時間。例句:The astronaut completed a successful spacewalk.(這位宇航員成功完成了一次太空行走。)solar system:太陽系;類太陽系。例句:Our earth is a part of the solar system.(我們的地球是太陽系的一部分。)space agency:(政府的)航天機構。例句:NASA is a well - known space agency in the United States.(美國國家航空航天局是美國著名的航天機構。)(三)介詞詞組in the hope of:抱著…… 的希望。例句:He worked day and night in the hope of getting a good result.(他日夜工作,希望能得到一個好結果。)on board:在宇宙飛船上;在船上;在飛機上。例句:All the passengers on board were safe during the flight.(飛行過程中,機上所有乘客都很安全。)so as to:為了;以便。例句:He got up early so as to catch the first bus.(他早起以便趕上第一班公交車。)(四)詞匯練習題Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above.(用上面詞組的正確形式填空)We must _______ our journey even though the weather is bad.The company is trying to _______ a new product to meet the market demand.I can't _______ how to operate this new machine.The heavy rain _______ a flood in the area.We need to save water, or it will _______ soon.They often _______ politics and religion.Parents should _______ their children until they grow up.The astronauts felt excited when they were finally _______ the spacecraft.He studied hard _______ getting a high score in the exam.She spoke slowly _______ make herself understood.Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above.(請將上述短語用于翻譯以下句子。)盡管遇到很多困難,他們還是繼續進行太空探索項目。(carry on)中國計劃在未來幾年發射更多的衛星。(send up)科學家們正在努力弄清楚宇宙是如何形成的。(figure out)污染會導致許多嚴重的環境問題。(result in)他們的食物快用完了,不得不求助。(run out)學生們經常爭論哪部科幻電影最好看。(argue about)這位老人一生都在努力工作,供養他的五個孩子。(provide for)當他們登上飛機時,發現座位很舒適。(on board)她每天練習英語,希望能和外國游客交流。(in the hope of)他加快了腳步,以便按時到達學校。(so as to)二、語法知識點(一)動詞不定式作定語:位于被修飾的名詞或代詞之后,表明被修飾詞的某種用途、動作等。例句:He is always the first one to come to school.(他總是第一個來學校的人。)作狀語目的狀語:可置于句首或句末,通常用 “in order to” 或 “so as to” 加強語氣。例句:We study hard to achieve our dreams.(我們努力學習為了實現夢想。)結果狀語:常用 “only to” 表示出乎意料的結果。例句:He rushed to the station, only to find the train had left.(他趕到車站,結果卻發現火車已經離開了。)作賓語:跟在及物動詞之后。例句:I want to visit the space museum.(我想去參觀太空博物館。)(二)練習題Rewrite the following sentences using the infinitive.(用動詞不定式改寫下列句子。)She studies hard because she wants to pass the exam.The box is so heavy that I can't carry it.I bought a new book. I want to read it.Translate the following sentences into English, using the infinitive.(用不定式把下列句子翻譯成英語。)他是最后一個知道這個消息的人。為了保持健康,我們應該多鍛煉。他努力工作,結果掙了很多錢。我希望有一天能去月球旅行。三、重要句式句型分析(一)That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.結構:此句是并列句,通過逗號連接兩個分句。功能:生動形象地體現了人類登月這一偉大成就,前半句描述個人的一小步動作,后半句強調對全人類的重大意義 。(二)This is because...結構:“This is” 為主句,“because” 引導原因狀語從句,解釋前面情況的原因。功能:用于闡述事情的原因。例句:This is because he didn't follow the instructions.(這是因為他沒有按照指示做。)(三)翻譯練習題對人類來說,這是一次巨大的飛躍,但對他個人而言,只是一個小小的嘗試。他沒有通過考試,這是因為他學習不夠努力。那是一個小小的進步,但對整個團隊來說,卻是邁向成功的一大步。四、單元書面表達寫作指導(一)重要詞匯詞組搭配積累太空探索相關詞匯:explore space, space exploration, universe, galaxy, planet, satellite, rocket, astronaut, spacecraft, spacewalk情感與態度相關詞匯:curious, determined, excited, amazed, hopeful, believe in, desire, dream科技與成果相關詞匯:technology, achievement, breakthrough, data, transmit, experiment, research詞組搭配:carry on, send up, figure out, result in, run out, in the hope of, on board, so as to(二)高分句式積累It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.例句:It is important for us to explore space.(對我們來說,探索太空很重要。)What's more, ...例句:What's more, space exploration can help us find new resources.(而且,太空探索能幫助我們找到新資源。)In my opinion, ...例句:In my opinion, space exploration is worth the effort.(在我看來,太空探索值得付出努力。)Not only... but also...例句:Space exploration is not only interesting but also beneficial to human development.(太空探索不僅有趣,而且對人類發展有益。)(三)參考范文Is Exploring Space a Waste of Time and Money Countries around the world are spending a large amount of money and time on space exploration. Some people think it is a waste, while others believe it is necessary.In my opinion, exploring space is not a waste. Firstly, it has led to many technological advancements. For example, the technologies developed for space exploration have been applied to various fields on Earth, such as medicine and communication. These technologies have improved our daily life. Secondly, space exploration helps us understand the universe better. We can learn about the origin of the universe and the possibility of life on other planets. It also makes us realize the importance of protecting our own planet.Although space exploration requires a lot of resources, the benefits it brings are far greater. It opens up new possibilities for human development and helps us solve many problems in the long run. Therefore, we should continue to support and carry on space exploration.一、詞組搭配練習題答案及解析1. 用短語的正確形式填空。答案:carry on解析:“even though the weather is bad”(即使天氣不好),結合 “carry on” 表示 “繼續做,堅持干”,此句表示即使天氣不佳,我們也必須繼續我們的旅程,符合語境。答案:send up解析:“a new product”(一種新產品)和 “to meet the market demand”(以滿足市場需求),“send up” 有 “發射” 之意,在這里可引申為推出新產品,符合公司為滿足市場需求采取的行為邏輯。答案:figure out解析:“how to operate this new machine”(如何操作這臺新機器),“figure out” 表示 “弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白”,與 “弄清楚如何操作機器” 的語義匹配 。答案:resulted in解析:“The heavy rain”(大雨)和 “a flood in the area”(該地區的洪水),兩者存在因果關系,“result in” 意為 “導致;造成”,且句子描述過去發生的事情,所以用過去式 “resulted in” 。答案:run out解析:“We need to save water”(我們需要節約用水),“or”(否則)表明不節約用水的后果,“run out” 表示 “用完;耗盡”,即否則水很快就會用完,符合邏輯。答案:argue about解析:“politics and religion”(政治和宗教),“argue about” 表示 “爭論;辯論”,常用于表達針對某些話題進行爭論,他們經常就政治和宗教問題展開爭論,語義通順。答案:provide for解析:“Parents”(父母)和 “their children”(他們的孩子)以及 “until they grow up”(直到他們長大),“provide for” 意思是 “提供生活所需”,即父母應該供養孩子直到他們長大,符合常理。答案:on board解析:“The astronauts”(宇航員們)和 “the spacecraft”(宇宙飛船),“on board” 表示 “在宇宙飛船上;在船上;在飛機上”,這里表示宇航員們最終登上宇宙飛船,搭配合理。答案:in the hope of解析:“He studied hard”(他努力學習)和 “getting a high score in the exam”(在考試中取得高分),“in the hope of” 表示 “抱著…… 的希望”,他努力學習是希望在考試中取得高分,邏輯清晰。答案:so as to解析:“She spoke slowly”(她說話很慢)和 “make herself understood”(讓別人理解她),“so as to” 表示 “為了;以便”,她放慢語速是為了讓自己被理解,符合目的關系。2.用所給詞組翻譯句子答案:They carried on with the space exploration project despite many difficulties.解析:“盡管遇到很多困難” 可翻譯為 “despite many difficulties”;“繼續進行” 用 “carry on with”,句子描述過去發生的事情,所以 “carry” 用過去式 “carried”;“太空探索項目” 是 “the space exploration project” 。答案:China plans to send up more satellites in the next few years.解析:“中國” 是 “China”;“計劃做某事” 常用 “plan to do sth.”,“發射” 用 “send up”;“在未來幾年” 翻譯為 “in the next few years” 。答案:Scientists are trying to figure out how the universe was formed.解析:“科學家們” 是 “Scientists”;“正在努力做某事” 用現在進行時 “be trying to do sth.”;“弄清楚” 用 “figure out”;“宇宙是如何形成的” 是賓語從句 “how the universe was formed”,從句用陳述語序 。答案:Pollution will result in many serious environmental problems.解析:“污染” 是 “Pollution”;“會導致” 用 “will result in”,體現將來時態;“許多嚴重的環境問題” 翻譯為 “many serious environmental problems” 。答案:Their food was running out, so they had to ask for help.解析:“他們的食物” 是 “Their food”;“快用完了” 用過去進行時 “was running out”,表示過去某個時間點食物即將耗盡的狀態;“不得不求助” 翻譯為 “had to ask for help” 。答案:Students often argue about which science fiction movie is the best.解析:“學生們” 是 “Students”;“經常” 用 “often”;“爭論” 用 “argue about”;“哪部科幻電影最好看” 是賓語從句 “which science fiction movie is the best”,從句用陳述語序 。答案:The old man worked hard all his life to provide for his five children.解析:“這位老人” 是 “The old man”;“一生都在努力工作” 翻譯為 “worked hard all his life”;“供養” 用 “provide for”;“他的五個孩子” 是 “his five children”,“to provide for his five children” 是不定式作目的狀語 。答案:When they got on board the plane, they found the seats comfortable.解析:“當…… 時” 用 “When” 引導時間狀語從句;“登上飛機” 用 “get on board the plane”,句子描述過去發生的事情,所以 “get” 用過去式 “got”;“發現座位很舒適” 翻譯為 “found the seats comfortable”,“find + 賓語 + 形容詞” 表示發現某物處于某種狀態 。答案:She practices English every day in the hope of communicating with foreign tourists.解析:“她” 是 “She”;“每天練習英語” 翻譯為 “practices English every day”;“希望” 用 “in the hope of”;“和外國游客交流” 是 “communicating with foreign tourists”,“of” 是介詞,后接動名詞形式 。答案:He quickened his steps so as to reach school on time.解析:“他加快了腳步” 翻譯為 “He quickened his steps”,句子用一般過去時;“以便” 用 “so as to”;“按時到達學校” 是 “reach school on time” 。二、語法知識點練習題答案及解析1. 用不定式改寫句子。答案:She studies hard to pass the exam.解析:原句 “because she wants to pass the exam”(因為她想通過考試)表達目的,可直接將原因狀語從句改為動詞不定式作目的狀語,即 “to pass the exam”,簡潔明了地表明她努力學習的目的 。答案:The box is too heavy to carry.解析:原句 “The box is so heavy that I can't carry it”(這個箱子太重了以至于我搬不動它),可轉換為 “too...to...” 結構,“too heavy to carry” 表示 “太重而搬不動”,其中 “to carry” 是動詞不定式作結果狀語,與原句語義一致 。答案:I bought a new book to read.解析:原句 “I bought a new book. I want to read it.”(我買了一本新書。我想讀它。),可將后一句改為動詞不定式作目的狀語,“to read” 表明買新書的目的是閱讀,使句子更加簡潔 。用不定式翻譯句子答案:He is the last one to know the news.解析:“the last one”(最后一個人),“to know the news”(知道這個消息)是動詞不定式作定語,位于被修飾詞 “the last one” 之后,表明他是最后一個知道消息的人 。答案:To keep healthy, we should exercise more.解析:“為了保持健康” 用動詞不定式 “To keep healthy” 作目的狀語,可置于句首;“我們應該多鍛煉” 翻譯為 “we should exercise more” 。答案:He worked hard only to earn a lot of money.解析:“他努力工作” 是 “He worked hard”;“結果掙了很多錢” 用 “only to earn a lot of money”,“only to” 引導動詞不定式作結果狀語,表示出乎意料的結果,即他努力工作,結果掙到了很多錢 。答案:I hope to travel to the moon one day.解析:“我希望” 是 “I hope”;“希望做某事” 用 “hope to do sth.”;“去月球旅行” 翻譯為 “travel to the moon”;“有一天” 是 “one day” 。三、重要句式句型分析翻譯練習題答案及解析答案:This is a giant leap for mankind, but a small attempt for him personally.解析:參照 “That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.” 的并列句結構,用逗號連接兩個分句,分別闡述對人類和個人的不同意義 ,“a giant leap”(一次巨大的飛躍),“a small attempt”(一個小小的嘗試),“for mankind”(對人類來說),“for him personally”(對他個人而言) 。答案:He didn't pass the exam. This is because he didn't study hard enough.解析:使用 “This is because...” 結構,前一句 “He didn't pass the exam.” 說明結果,后一句 “This is because he didn't study hard enough.” 用 “because” 引導原因狀語從句,解釋他沒通過考試的原因 。答案:That was a small progress, but a big step towards success for the whole team.解析:仿照 “That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.” 的并列句結構,用逗號連接兩個分句,“a small progress”(一個小小的進步),“a big step towards success”(邁向成功的一大步),“for the whole team”(對整個團隊來說) 。 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫