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人教版高中必修三Unit 5 The Value of Money 單元知識清單(含詞匯語法練習題及書面表達)

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人教版高中必修三Unit 5 The Value of Money 單元知識清單(含詞匯語法練習題及書面表達)

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/ 讓教學更有效 高效備考 | 英語學科
Unit 5 The Value of Money 單元知識清單
一、詞組搭配
(一)動詞詞組
make a bet:打賭;下賭注。
例句:They made a bet on who would win the game.
(他們就誰會贏得比賽打了個賭。)
seek help:尋求幫助。
例句:When in trouble, he went to the police station to seek help.
(遇到麻煩時,他去警察局尋求幫助。)
postpone doing sth:延遲 / 延期做某事。
例句:We had to postpone holding the meeting due to the bad weather.
(由于天氣惡劣,我們不得不推遲舉行會議。)
hesitate to do sth:猶豫做某事。
例句:Don't hesitate to ask me if you have any questions.
(如果你有任何問題,不要猶豫問我。)
judge...by/from:根據…… 判斷;從…… 判斷。
例句:We shouldn't judge a person by their appearance.
(我們不應該以貌取人。)
apologise to sb for (doing) sth:因(做)某事向某人道歉。
例句:He apologised to his teacher for being late.
(他因遲到向老師道歉。)
set aside:留出;撥出;把…… 置于一旁。
例句:She sets aside some money every month for her future study.
(她每月留出一些錢用于未來的學習。)
carry out:執行;實施。
例句:They are going to carry out a new plan.
(他們打算實施一項新計劃。)
(二)名詞詞組
bank note:鈔票。
例句:He showed me a one-hundred-yuan bank note.
(他給我看了一張一百元的鈔票。)
mining company:礦業公司。
例句:His father works in a large mining company.
(他父親在一家大型礦業公司工作。)
opera house:歌劇院。
例句:We are going to watch a performance at the opera house tonight.
(我們今晚要去歌劇院看演出。)
stage design:舞臺設計。
例句:She is interested in stage design and wants to learn it.
(她對舞臺設計感興趣并想學習它。)
(三)介詞詞組
on the basis of:在…… 的基礎上;根據。
例句:We should make a decision on the basis of facts.
(我們應該基于事實做決定。)
in return:作為回報;作為回應。
例句:He helped me a lot, and I gave him a gift in return.
(他幫了我很多,我回贈給他一份禮物。)
by accident:偶然地;意外地。
例句:I met an old friend in the street by accident.
(我在街上偶然遇到了一位老朋友。)
in case:以防;以防萬一。
例句:Take an umbrella with you in case it rains.
(帶上雨傘以防下雨。)
in that case:既然那樣;假使那樣的話。
例句:You don't like this book In that case, I'll give you another one.
(你不喜歡這本書?既然那樣,我給你另一本。)
as a matter of fact:事實上;其實;說真的。
例句:As a matter of fact, he is very kind - hearted.(
事實上,他非常善良。)
(四)詞匯練習題
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above.
(用上面所給詞組的適當形式填空)
If you have any problems, don't hesitate _______ me for help.
They _______ a bet that the home team would win the match.
_______, I have already finished my homework.
We should not _______ a person _______ their clothes.
_______ it rains, we'd better take an umbrella.
He _______ some money every month for his retirement.
She apologised _______ her friend _______ forgetting her birthday.
The government plans to _______ a new policy to improve people's living standards.
Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above.
你應該根據自己的興趣選擇職業。(on the basis of)
他偶然發現了這個秘密。(by accident)
我送給他一本書作為對他幫助的回報。
(in return for)
我們必須執行這個計劃,不管遇到什么困難。
(carry out)
既然那樣,我們就取消這次旅行吧。
(in that case)
他總是猶豫是否要嘗試新事物。
(hesitate to do sth)
她留出了一些時間來練習英語口語。
(set aside)
你應該為你所做的事向她道歉。
(apologise to sb for sth)
二、語法知識點
(一)情態動詞
had better:最好,后接動詞原形,常用于提出建議,否定形式為 “had better not”。
例句:You had better go to bed early.(你最好早點睡覺。)
You had better not be late again.(你最好不要再遲到了。)
ought to:應該,強調有責任或義務做某事,后接動詞原形,否定形式為 “ought not to”。
例句:We ought to respect the elderly.(我們應該尊重老人。)
He ought not to smoke in public places.(他不應該在公共場所吸煙。)
must:必須,表示必要性或義務;一定,表示肯定推測。
例句:You must finish your homework before watching TV.
(你必須在看電視前完成作業。)
He must be at home because his bike is outside.
(他一定在家,因為他的自行車在外面。)
否定形式 “mustn't” 表示禁止。You mustn't play with fire.(你禁止玩火。)
can't:不可能,表示否定推測;不能,表示能力的否定。
例句:That can't be true.(那不可能是真的。)I can't swim.(我不會游泳。)
will:用于一般將來時,表示將來的動作或狀態;愿意,用于表示意愿。
例句:I will go to the park tomorrow.(我明天將去公園。)
Will you help me with my English (你愿意幫我學英語嗎?)
would:will 的過去式,用于過去將來時;常用于委婉地提出請求、建議或表達意愿。
例句:He said he would come back soon.(他說他很快就會回來。)
Would you like some tea (你想喝點茶嗎?)
may:可以,表示許可;可能,表示可能性。
例句:May I use your pen (我可以用你的筆嗎?)
It may rain tomorrow.(明天可能會下雨。)
might:may 的過去式,用于過去時中表示許可或可能性;也可用于現在時,比 “may” 更委婉地表示可能性。
例句:He asked if he might borrow my book.(他問他是否可以借我的書。)
It might be a good idea.(這也許是個好主意。)
can:能;會,表示能力;可以,表示許可。
例句:She can speak English fluently.(她能流利地說英語。)
Can I have a look at your book (我可以看看你的書嗎?)
could:can 的過去式,用于過去時中表示能力或許可;也可用于現在時,比 “can” 更委婉地提出請求或表達可能性。
例句:When I was young, I could run very fast.(我年輕時能跑得很快。)
Could you please pass me the salt (你能遞給我鹽嗎?)
(二)練習題
Fill in the blanks with suitable modal verbs.
You _______ be careful when crossing the road.
_______ I borrow your dictionary Mine is at home.
He _______ not be at school today. I saw him in the park just now.
It _______ rain later, so take an umbrella with you.
We _______ start early tomorrow if we want to arrive on time.
_______ you like to come to my birthday party this Saturday
She _______ speak three languages: English, French and Chinese.
You _______ not eat too much junk food. It's bad for your health.
Translate the following sentences into English, using modal verbs.(用情態動詞翻譯下面句子)
你最好按時完成作業。
我們應該遵守交通規則。
那不可能是瑪麗,她去上海了。
明天我可能會去圖書館。
你能幫我搬一下這個箱子嗎?
他說他會在一個小時后回來。
我可以在這里吸煙嗎?不,你不可以。
三、重要句式句型分析
(一)強調句
結構:It is/was + 被強調部分 (通常是主語、賓語或狀語)+ that/who/whom + 其他部分。
當被強調部分是人時,可用 who(主語)、whom(賓語)或 that 連接;
當被強調部分是事物時,用 that 連接,且 that 不可省略。
功能:突出強調句子的某一成分。
例句:It was Tom who/that broke the window.(是湯姆打破了窗戶。)
被強調部分是主語 “Tom”。
It was the book that I bought yesterday.(我昨天買的是這本書。)
被強調部分是賓語 “the book”。
It was in the park that we met for the first time.(我們第一次見面是在公園。)
被強調部分是地點狀語 “in the park”。
(二)倒裝句
否定詞或詞組位于句首時的倒裝:當 never, not, hardly, little, seldom, in no case, by no means 等否定詞或詞組放在句首時,句子要用部分倒裝,即將助動詞、情態動詞或 be 動詞提到主語前面。
例句:Never have I seen such a beautiful view.(我從未見過如此美麗的景色。)Hardly had he arrived when it began to rain.(他一到就開始下雨了。)
here, there, now, then 等副詞位于句首,且主語是名詞時的倒裝:此時句子要用全部倒裝,即把謂語動詞提到主語前面。
例句:Here comes the bus.(公共汽車來了。)
There goes the bell.(鈴響了。)
(三)翻譯練習題
是她在我困難的時候幫助了我。
我從來沒聽說過這么奇怪的故事。
直到他告訴我,我才知道這個消息。
看!孩子們來了。
他不僅會唱歌,還會跳舞。(not only...but also... 位于句首時,not only 后的句子要部分倒裝)
四、單元書面表達寫作指導
(一)重要詞匯詞組搭配積累
金錢與財富相關詞匯:money, wealth, rich, poor, bank note, loan, charity, fortune
態度與行為相關詞匯:judge, respect, ignore, apologise, hesitate, seek, offer, accept
事件描述相關詞匯:bet, accident, scene, plot, character, performance
詞組搭配:make a bet, on the basis of, in return, by accident, in case, as a matter of fact, set aside, carry out
(二)高分句式積累
It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.
例句:It is important for us to have a correct attitude towards money.
(對我們來說,對金錢有正確的態度很重要。)
What's more, ...
例句:He is hard - working. What's more, he is very kind.
(他很勤奮。而且,他非常善良。)
In my opinion, ...
例句:In my opinion, money is not the most important thing in life.
(在我看來,錢不是生活中最重要的東西。)
Not only...but also...
例句:She is not only good at English but also 精通 maths.
(她不僅擅長英語,還精通數學。)
As far as I'm concerned, ...
例句:As far as I'm concerned, we should help others without expecting anything in return.(就我而言,我們應該幫助他人而不期望任何回報。)
(三)參考范文
The Value of Money
Money plays an important role in our daily life. It can help us buy the things we need and improve our living standards. However, money is not everything.
In my opinion, we should not be too crazy about money. We should earn money through honest work and use it properly. Money can't buy happiness, love and friendship. For example, Chen Liyan in the news report returned the lost money although she was in need. She didn't care about the money but cared about her honesty. This is the real value we should pursue.
In conclusion, we should have a correct attitude towards money. We should be the master of money rather than its slave, and use it to make our life and the world better.
答案及解析
一、詞組搭配練習題答案及解析
1.用上面所給詞組的適當形式填空
答案:to seek
解析:“hesitate to do sth” 為固定搭配,表示 “猶豫做某事”,此句表達 “如果你有任何問題,不要猶豫向我尋求幫助”,所以應填 “to seek” 。
答案:made
解析:“make a bet” 表示 “打賭;下賭注”,句子描述過去發生的事情,需用一般過去時,“make” 的過去式是 “made”,即 “他們打了個賭,賭主隊會贏得比賽” 。
答案:As a matter of fact
解析:“as a matter of fact” 意為 “事實上;其實;說真的”,在句中作狀語,用于引出與之前想法或陳述不同的實際情況,此句 “事實上,我已經完成了我的作業”,符合該詞組的用法 。
答案:judge; by/from
解析:“judge...by/from” 表示 “根據…… 判斷;從…… 判斷”,“我們不應該以貌取人”,這里 “by/from” 后接 “their clothes”,表示判斷的依據 。
答案:In case
解析:“in case” 表示 “以防;以防萬一”,引導目的狀語從句,“以防下雨,我們最好帶上雨傘”,符合該詞組在句子中表達預防某種情況發生的語境 。
答案:sets aside
解析:“set aside” 有 “留出;撥出;把…… 置于一旁” 的意思,句子描述的是習慣性動作,用一般現在時,主語 “He” 是第三人稱單數,所以 “set” 要用第三人稱單數形式 “sets”,即 “他每月留出一些錢用于退休” 。
答案:to; for
解析:“apologise to sb for (doing) sth” 為固定搭配,意為 “因(做)某事向某人道歉”,“她因忘記朋友的生日而向朋友道歉”,“to” 后接道歉對象,“for” 后接道歉原因 。
答案:carry out
解析:“carry out” 表示 “執行;實施”,“政府計劃實施一項新政策來提高人民的生活水平”,“plan to do sth” 結構中,“to” 后接動詞原形,所以填 “carry out” 。
2.翻譯句子
答案:You should choose your career on the basis of your own interests.
解析:“應該” 用 “should”,“選擇職業” 是 “choose your career”,“根據” 使用 “on the basis of”,“你自己的興趣” 翻譯為 “your own interests”,按照英語語序組合成句 。
答案:He discovered the secret by accident.
解析:“發現” 用 “discover”,句子時態用一般過去時,“discover” 的過去式是 “discovered”;“偶然地” 用 “by accident”,作方式狀語,置于句末 。
答案:I gave him a book in return for his help.
解析:“給某人某物” 用 “give sb sth”,句子時態為一般過去時,“give” 的過去式是 “gave”;“作為回報” 用 “in return for”,后接 “his help”,表示回報的原因 。
答案:We must carry out this plan no matter what difficulties we meet.
解析:“必須” 用 “must”,“執行計劃” 是 “carry out the plan”;“不管遇到什么困難” 用 “no matter what difficulties we meet”,作讓步狀語,補充說明執行計劃的條件 。
答案:In that case, let's cancel this trip.
解析:“既然那樣” 直接用 “in that case”,位于句首,首字母大寫;“取消這次旅行” 翻譯為 “cancel this trip”,“let's” 后接動詞原形 。
答案:He always hesitates to try new things.
解析:“總是” 用 “always”,句子時態為一般現在時,主語 “He” 是第三人稱單數,“hesitate” 要用第三人稱單數形式 “hesitates”;“猶豫做某事” 是 “hesitate to do sth”,“嘗試新事物” 翻譯為 “try new things” 。
答案:She set aside some time to practice spoken English.
解析:“留出時間” 用 “set aside some time”,句子時態用一般過去時,“set” 的過去式還是 “set”;“練習英語口語” 是 “practice spoken English”,“to practice spoken English” 是不定式作目的狀語 。
答案:You should apologise to her for what you have done.
解析:“應該” 用 “should”,“向某人道歉” 是 “apologise to sb”;“因(做)某事” 用 “for sth”,這里 “what you have done” 是賓語從句,作 “for” 的賓語,表示道歉的原因 。
二、語法知識點練習題答案及解析
(一)Fill in the blanks with suitable modal verbs
答案:must/ought to
解析:“過馬路時應該小心”,“must” 表示 “必須”,強調必要性;“ought to” 表示 “應該”,強調責任或義務,兩者填入都符合語境 。
答案:May/Can/Could
解析:“我可以借你的字典嗎?”,“may”“can”“could” 都可以表示請求許可,“could” 比 “can” 更委婉,“may” 則較為正式,此處都適用 。
答案:can
解析:“我剛才在公園看見他了,所以他不可能在學校”,“can't” 用于否定推測,表示 “不可能”,符合句子邏輯 。
答案:may/might
解析:“稍后可能會下雨,所以帶上雨傘”,“may” 和 “might” 都可表示可能性,“might” 語氣比 “may” 更弱、更委婉,都能表達不確定的推測 。
答案:must/ought to/should
解析:“如果我們想準時到達,明天必須 / 應該早點出發”,“must” 強調必要性,“ought to” 和 “should” 強調責任或合理的做法,都能用于此句表達相應的語氣 。
答案:Would
解析:“Would you like to...” 是固定句型,用于委婉地邀請某人做某事,“你這周六愿意來參加我的生日派對嗎?”,所以填 “Would” 。
答案:can
解析:“她會說三種語言:英語、法語和中文”,“can” 表示能力,意為 “能;會”,符合句子表達她具備語言能力的語境 。
答案:had better
解析:“你最好不要吃太多垃圾食品,這對你的健康有害”,“had better not” 用于提出建議,告誡某人最好不要做某事,符合句子語境 。
2.用情態動詞翻譯句子
答案:You had better finish your homework on time.
解析:“最好做某事” 用 “had better do sth”,“完成作業” 是 “finish your homework”,“按時” 翻譯為 “on time” 。
答案:We ought to/should obey the traffic rules.
解析:“應該” 可以用 “ought to” 或 “should”,“遵守交通規則” 是 “obey the traffic rules” 。
答案:That can't be Mary. She has gone to Shanghai.
解析:“不可能是” 用 “can't be”,表示否定推測;“去了上海” 用 “have gone to”,主語 “She” 是第三人稱單數,所以用 “has gone to” 。
答案:I may/might go to the library tomorrow.
解析:“可能” 用 “may” 或 “might”,“去圖書館” 是 “go to the library”,“明天” 是 “tomorrow” 。
答案:Can/Could you help me carry this box
解析:“能…… 嗎” 用于請求幫助,可用 “can” 或 “could”,“could” 更委婉;“幫某人做某事” 是 “help sb do sth”,“搬這個箱子” 是 “carry this box” 。
答案:He said he would come back in an hour.
解析:主句 “He said” 是一般過去時,從句要用過去將來時,“will” 的過去式 “would” 用于過去將來時,“回來” 是 “come back”,“一個小時后” 翻譯為 “in an hour” 。
答案:—May/Can I smoke here —No, you mustn't.
解析:“可以” 用 “may” 或 “can” 表示請求許可;否定回答 “不,你不可以”,這里 “mustn't” 表示禁止,語氣更強烈,強調不被允許 。
三、重要句式句型分析翻譯練習題答案及解析
答案:It was she who/that helped me when I was in trouble.
解析:使用強調句結構 “It is/was + 被強調部分 + that/who + 其他部分”,此句強調主語 “她”,被強調部分是人,所以可以用 “who” 或 “that” 連接;“在我困難的時候” 翻譯為 “when I was in trouble” 。
答案:Never have I heard such a strange story.
解析:否定詞 “never” 位于句首,句子要部分倒裝,將助動詞 “have” 提到主語 “I” 前面;“聽說” 是 “hear”,“such a strange story” 表示 “這么奇怪的故事” 。
答案:Not until he told me did I know the news.
解析:“not until” 位于句首,句子要部分倒裝,將助動詞 “did” 提到主語 “I” 前面,后面動詞 “know” 用原形;“告訴” 是 “tell”,句子時態用一般過去時,“tell” 的過去式是 “told” 。
答案:Look! Here come the children.
解析:“here” 位于句首,且主語 “the children” 是名詞,句子要用全部倒裝,將謂語動詞 “come” 提到主語前面;“看” 用 “Look!” 。
答案:Not only can he sing, but also he can dance.
解析:“not only...but also...” 位于句首,“not only” 后的句子要部分倒裝,將情態動詞 “can” 提到主語 “he” 前面;“but also” 后的句子語序不變 。

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