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Unit 2 Bridging Cultures單元知識總結清單
一、詞組搭配
（一）動詞詞組
participate in：參加；參與。
例句：Students need to participate in class discussions to improve their communication skills.（學生需要參與課堂討論來提高他們的溝通能力。）
engage in：（使）從事；參與。
例句：She engaged in social activities to broaden her horizons.
（她參與社會活動以拓寬自己的視野。）
get involved in：參與；卷入；與…… 有關聯。
例句：He got involved in the research project last year.
（他去年參與了這個研究項目。）
adapt to：適應。
例句：Xie Lei had to adapt to life in a different country after arriving in London.（謝蕾到達倫敦后不得不適應不同國家的生活。）
feel at home：舒服自在；不拘束。
例句：After living with the host family for a while, she felt at home in the new environment.（和寄宿家庭一起生活一段時間后，她在新環境中感到很自在。）
speak up：大聲點說；明確表態。
例句：Don't be shy, speak up and express your opinions.
（別害羞，大聲說出來，表達你的觀點。）
cite...as...：引用…… 作為…… 。
例句：The professor cited many examples as evidence to support his theory.
（教授引用了許多例子作為證據來支持他的理論。）
（二）介詞詞組
as far as I know：據我所知。
例句：As far as I know, he has gone to study abroad.
（據我所知，他已經去國外學習了。）
as far as I am concerned：就我而言；依我看來。
例句：As far as I am concerned, studying abroad has more advantages.
（就我而言，出國留學有更多的優勢。）
generally speaking：一般來說。
例句：Generally speaking, exposure to different cultures can broaden people's minds.（一般來說，接觸不同的文化可以拓寬人們的思維。）
in summary：總的來說；總之。
例句：In summary, studying abroad has both benefits and challenges.
（總之，出國留學既有好處也有挑戰。）
side with：支持；站在…… 的一邊 。
例句：I decided to side with him on this issue.
（在這個問題上我決定支持他。）
（三）詞匯練習題
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above.
用以上短語的正確形式填空。
Many young people are eager to ___________ various volunteer activities during holidays.
___________, the living expenses abroad are much higher than those at home.
It took her some time to ___________ the new school life.
If you have different ideas, please ___________.
___________, the exchange program is a great opportunity for students to learn about different cultures.
He always ___________ his friends when they are in trouble.
She ___________ social work to help those in need.
Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above.
用上面的短語把下面的句子翻譯成英語。
據我所知，他是一位非常有才華的學生。
一般來說，多參加體育活動對健康有益。
她很快就適應了國外的生活。
就我而言，這個計劃需要進一步完善。
他決定站在正義的一邊。
總之，這次經歷讓我學到了很多。
學生們積極參與學校的社團活動。
二、語法知識點
（一）名詞性從句
主語從句
定義：在復合句中充當主語的從句叫主語從句，通常由 that, whether, what, who, whom, whose, which, when, where, why, how 等詞引導 。
例句：What surprised me most was her excellent performance.
（最讓我驚訝的是她出色的表現。）
That he could finish the work in such a short time was amazing.
（他能在這么短的時間內完成工作，真是令人驚訝。）
賓語從句
定義：在復合句中作賓語的從句稱為賓語從句，可作動詞的賓語、介詞的賓語或形容詞的賓語 。
例句：She told me that she would go to study abroad next year.
（她告訴我她明年要去國外學習。）
I'm interested in what he said at the meeting.
（我對他在會議上說的話感興趣。）
表語從句
定義：在句中作表語的從句叫表語從句，位于系動詞（如 be, seem, remain 等）之后 。
例句：The problem is that we don't have enough time.
（問題是我們沒有足夠的時間。）
This is where he once lived.
（這就是他曾經住過的地方。）
同位語從句
定義：同位語從句是對前面的抽象名詞進行解釋說明，被解釋說明的詞和同位語在邏輯上是主表關系，通常由 that 引導，也可由 whether, who, what, which, when, where, why, how 等詞引導 。
例句：The news that he won the first prize made us excited.
（他獲得一等獎的消息讓我們很興奮。）
I have no idea when he will come back.
（我不知道他什么時候回來。）
（二）練習題
Complete the sentences with the proper words to introduce noun clauses.
用適當的詞完成句子，以介紹名詞從句。
___________ he will come or not is still unknown.
I believe ___________ he can achieve his goal.
The question is ___________ we should do next.
___________ caused the accident remains a mystery.
My suggestion is ___________ we should start early tomorrow.
Rewrite the following sentences using noun clauses.
用名詞分句改寫下列句子。
Will he attend the meeting It is not clear.
She said something at the meeting. Her words were very important.
They asked me a question. When can I finish the work
The fact is like this. He didn't tell the truth.
We all know a fact. China is becoming stronger and stronger.
三、重要句式句型分析
（一）It was the first time that she had left China.
結構分析：“It was the first time that...” 是固定句型，意為 “這是某人第一次做某事”，that 從句中要用過去完成時 。
（二）What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to her.
結構分析：“What seemed strange before” 是主語從句，在句中作主語；“now appears quite normal to her” 是謂語和表語部分 。
（三）翻譯練習題
這是他第一次參加國際會議。
過去讓他害怕的事情，現在對他來說很平常。
這是她第二次去國外旅行。
以前覺得困難的事情，現在對他來說變得容易了。
四、單元書面表達寫作指導
（一）重要詞匯詞組搭配積累
留學相關詞匯：exchange programme, study abroad, overseas study, qualification, academic requirements, cultural shock
文化交流相關詞匯：cultural messenger, cultural exchange, bridge between cultures, cultural diversity, global perspective
情感與態度相關詞匯：excited, nervous, confused, confident, feel at home, motivated
詞組搭配：participate in, engage in, get involved in, adapt to, as far as I know, generally speaking
（二）高分句式積累
It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.
例句：It is beneficial for students to study abroad to experience different cultures.（對學生來說，出國留學體驗不同文化是有益的。）
There is no doubt that...
例句：There is no doubt that cultural exchange can broaden people's horizons.（毫無疑問，文化交流可以拓寬人們的視野。）
Not only... but also...
例句：Studying abroad can not only improve students' language skills but also help them gain a global perspective.
（出國留學不僅可以提高學生的語言技能，還可以幫助他們獲得全球視野。）
As far as I'm concerned,...
例句：As far as I'm concerned, we should actively participate in cultural exchange activities.（在我看來，我們應該積極參與文化交流活動。）
（三）參考范文
My View on Studying Abroad
In recent years, studying abroad has become increasingly popular. As far as I'm concerned, it has both advantages and disadvantages.
There is no doubt that studying abroad offers great opportunities for personal growth. It is beneficial for students to adapt to a new environment, which helps them become more independent. They can also participate in various cultural activities, getting involved in different ways of life and gaining a global perspective. For example, they can learn about different customs and traditions, making friends with people from diverse backgrounds.
However, studying abroad also brings some challenges. Students may face cultural shock and have to adapt to new academic requirements. The language barrier may make it difficult for them to communicate at first. Moreover, the high cost of living and tuition fees can put great pressure on their families.
In conclusion, while studying abroad has its drawbacks, the advantages far outweigh them. It is a valuable experience that can shape one's future. As long as students are well-prepared and willing to work hard, they can benefit a lot from studying abroad.
一、詞組搭配練習題答案及解析
（一）Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above
答案：participate in
解析：“volunteer activities”（志愿者活動）與 “參加；參與” 的語義匹配，“participate in” 符合語境，且 “be eager to do sth.”（渴望做某事），to 后接動詞原形，所以填 “participate in” ，表示許多年輕人渴望在假期參加各種志愿者活動。
答案：As far as I know
解析：“the living expenses abroad are much higher than those at home”（國外的生活費用比國內高得多）是陳述一個事實，“As far as I know”（據我所知）用于引出已知信息，句首字母大寫，所以此處填 “As far as I know” 。
答案：adapt to
解析：“the new school life”（新的學校生活），結合 “adapt to”（適應），“It took sb. some time to do sth.”（某人花時間做某事），to 后接動詞原形，這里表示她花了一些時間適應新學校生活，故填 “adapt to” 。
答案：speak up
解析：“If you have different ideas”（如果你有不同的想法），“speak up”（大聲點說；明確表態）符合語境，祈使句用動詞原形，所以填 “speak up” ，即鼓勵有不同想法時大聲說出來。
答案：In summary
解析：“the exchange program is a great opportunity for students to learn about different cultures”（這個交換項目是學生了解不同文化的好機會）是對交換項目的總結性陳述，“In summary”（總的來說；總之）用于總結上文，句首字母大寫，所以此處填 “In summary” 。
答案：sides with
解析：“his friends when they are in trouble”（他的朋友在困難時），“side with”（支持；站在…… 的一邊）符合語義，句子時態為一般現在時，主語 “He” 是第三人稱單數，所以 “side” 用第三人稱單數形式 “sides” ，表示他總是在朋友困難時支持他們。
答案：engages in
解析：“social work to help those in need”（幫助有需要的人的社會工作），“engage in”（（使）從事；參與）符合語境，句子時態為一般現在時，主語 “She” 是第三人稱單數，所以 “engage” 用第三人稱單數形式 “engages” ，表示她從事社會工作幫助他人。
（二）Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above
答案：As far as I know, he is a very talented student.
解析：“據我所知” 用 “As far as I know”；“他是一位非常有才華的學生” 翻譯為 “he is a very talented student”，直接套用詞組搭配 。
答案：Generally speaking, participating in more sports activities is beneficial to health.
解析：“一般來說” 用 “Generally speaking”；“參加體育活動” 用 “participate in sports activities”，此處用動名詞形式 “participating in” 作主語；“對…… 有益” 用 “be beneficial to”，所以翻譯為 “Generally speaking, participating in more sports activities is beneficial to health” 。
答案：She adapted to the life abroad quickly.
解析：“她” 是 “She”；“適應” 用 “adapt to”，句子時態為一般過去時，“adapt” 的過去式是 “adapted”；“國外的生活” 翻譯為 “the life abroad”；“很快” 是 “quickly”，所以整句為 “She adapted to the life abroad quickly” 。
答案：As far as I am concerned, this plan needs to be further improved.
解析：“就我而言” 用 “As far as I am concerned”；“這個計劃” 是 “this plan”；“需要進一步完善” 翻譯為 “needs to be further improved”，“need to do sth.”（需要做某事），此處用被動形式表示計劃被完善 。
答案：He decided to side with justice.
解析：“他” 是 “He”；“決定做某事” 用 “decide to do sth.”，句子時態為一般過去時，“decide” 的過去式是 “decided”；“站在正義的一邊” 用 “side with justice” ，所以翻譯為 “He decided to side with justice” 。
答案：In summary, I have learned a lot from this experience.
解析：“總之” 用 “In summary”；“我” 是 “I”；“從…… 學到很多” 用 “learn a lot from...”，句子時態為現在完成時，“learn” 的過去分詞是 “learned”，“this experience”（這次經歷），所以是 “In summary, I have learned a lot from this experience” 。
答案：Students actively participate in the school's club activities.
解析：“學生們” 是 “Students”；“積極地” 是 “actively”；“參與” 用 “participate in”；“學校的社團活動” 翻譯為 “the school's club activities”，句子時態為一般現在時，所以翻譯為 “Students actively participate in the school's club activities” 。
二、語法知識點練習題答案及解析
（一）Complete the sentences with the proper words to introduce noun clauses
答案：Whether
解析：“or not” 是關鍵提示詞，“whether...or not” 表示 “是否”，引導主語從句，在句中表示 “他是否會來還不知道”，所以填 “Whether” 。
答案：that
解析：“I believe”（我相信）后接賓語從句，從句 “he can achieve his goal”（他能實現他的目標）成分完整，意思明確，所以用 “that” 引導賓語從句，“that” 在從句中不充當成分，只起連接作用 。
答案：what
解析：“we should do next”（我們接下來應該做）中缺少賓語，“what” 引導表語從句，在從句中充當賓語，意為 “我們接下來應該做什么”，所以填 “what” 。
答案：What
解析：“caused the accident”（導致了事故）中缺少主語，“What” 引導主語從句，在從句中充當主語，句子表示 “什么導致了事故仍然是個謎”，所以填 “What” 。
答案：that
解析：“My suggestion is”（我的建議是）后接表語從句，“we should start early tomorrow”（我們明天應該早點出發）成分完整，意思明確，所以用 “that” 引導表語從句，“that” 在從句中不充當成分，只起連接作用 。
（二）Rewrite the following sentences using noun clauses
答案：Whether he will attend the meeting is not clear.
解析：將 “Will he attend the meeting ”（他會參加會議嗎？）改為主語從句，用 “Whether” 引導，放在句首作主語，“is not clear”（不清楚）作謂語和表語，即 “Whether he will attend the meeting is not clear” 。
答案：What she said at the meeting was very important.
解析：把 “She said something at the meeting.”（她在會議上說了些什么。）改為主語從句，用 “What” 引導，在從句中作 “said” 的賓語，“was very important”（非常重要）作謂語和表語，所以改寫為 “What she said at the meeting was very important” 。
答案：They asked me a question when I could finish the work.
解析：將 “They asked me a question. When can I finish the work ”（他們問了我一個問題。我什么時候能完成工作？）中 “when can I finish the work” 改為賓語從句，作 “question” 的同位語，用陳述語序 “when I could finish the work” ，所以句子為 “They asked me a question when I could finish the work” 。
答案：The fact is that he didn't tell the truth.
解析：把 “The fact is like this. He didn't tell the truth.”（事實是這樣的。他沒有說實話。）中 “He didn't tell the truth” 改為表語從句，用 “that” 引導，“that” 在從句中不充當成分，只起連接作用，即 “The fact is that he didn't tell the truth” 。
答案：We all know the fact that China is becoming stronger and stronger.
解析：將 “We all know a fact. China is becoming stronger and stronger.”（我們都知道一個事實。中國正在變得越來越強大。）中 “China is becoming stronger and stronger” 改為同位語從句，修飾 “the fact”，用 “that” 引導，“that” 在從句中不充當成分，只起連接作用，所以是 “We all know the fact that China is becoming stronger and stronger” 。
三、重要句式句型分析翻譯練習題答案及解析
答案：It was the first time that he had participated in an international conference.
解析：根據 “It was the first time that...”（這是某人第一次做某事）固定句型，that 從句中要用過去完成時，“參加國際會議” 用 “participate in an international conference”，“participate” 的過去分詞是 “participated”，所以翻譯為 “It was the first time that he had participated in an international conference” 。
答案：What used to scare him now seems quite normal to him.
解析：仿照 “What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to her.”，“過去讓他害怕的事情” 用 “What used to scare him” 作主語從句；“現在對他來說很平?！?翻譯為 “now seems quite normal to him” 。
答案：It was the second time that she had traveled abroad.
解析：依據 “It was the first time that...” 句型，這里表示 “第二次”，同樣 that 從句用過去完成時，“去國外旅行” 翻譯為 “travel abroad”，“travel” 的過去分詞是 “traveled”，所以是 “It was the second time that she had traveled abroad” 。
答案：What seemed difficult before now becomes easy for him.
解析：參照 “What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to her.”，“以前覺得困難的事情” 用 “What seemed difficult before” 作主語從句；“現在對他來說變得容易了” 翻譯為 “now becomes easy for him” 。

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