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Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land單元知識總結清單
一、詞組搭配
（一）動詞詞組
anticipate doing sth.：預料 / 預見 / 期望做某事。
例句：We didn't anticipate meeting so many difficulties in the journey.
（我們沒有預料到在旅途中會遇到這么多困難。）
owe sth to sb：欠（某人情）；把…… 歸功于某人 。
例句：I owe my success to my parents' support and encouragement.
（我把我的成功歸功于父母的支持和鼓勵。）
proceed to sth：進而做（參加）。
例句：After having a short rest, they proceeded to the next destination.
（短暫休息后，他們前往下一個目的地。）
take one's breath away：令人驚嘆。
例句：The spectacular view of the waterfall took our breath away.
（瀑布壯觀的景色令我們驚嘆不已。）
be bound for：準備前往（某地）。
例句：The train is bound for Toronto.
（這列火車開往多倫多。）
（二）介詞詞組
contrary to：與…… 相反；相對立的。
例句：Contrary to our expectation, it didn't rain during the trip.
（與我們的預期相反，旅行期間沒有下雨。）
in addition to：除…… 之外（還有）。
例句：In addition to beautiful scenery, we also experienced the local culture during the journey.（在旅途中，除了美麗的風景，我們還體驗了當地的文化。）
in fact：事實上；實際上。
例句：He seemed nervous, but in fact, he was well-prepared for the speech.
（他看起來很緊張，但實際上，他為這次演講做了充分準備。）
as far as the eye can see：一望無際；極目所及。
例句：On the prairie, there are flocks of sheep as far as the eye can see.
（在草原上，一望無際都是成群的綿羊。）
（三）詞匯練習題
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above.
用以上短語的正確形式填空。
The team didn't __________ losing the game, for they had trained so hard.
___________ his hard work, he also has a talent for music.
She ___________ her success ___________ her teachers' guidance.
The ship is ___________ Shanghai.
___________ what he said, the result of the experiment was successful.
The beautiful sunset ___________.
___________, he is a very kind - hearted person.
On the top of the hill, we could see green trees ___________.
Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above.
用上面的短語把下面的句子翻譯成英語。
我們沒有預料到會在途中遇到交通堵塞。
除了英語，他還會說法語和西班牙語。
你應該把你的進步歸功于你的努力。
這輛公交車開往市中心。
與他的想法相反，這個計劃非常可行。
這座古老的城堡的壯麗景色令人驚嘆。
事實上，他已經去過那個地方很多次了。
站在海邊，我們看到一望無際的藍色大海。
二、語法知識點
（一）-ed 和 - ing 形式的形容詞
用法區別
-ed 形式形容詞：通常表示人的感受，意為 “感到…… 的”，主語一般是人。
例如：interested（感興趣的），surprised（感到驚訝的），frightened（感到害怕的） 。
-ing 形式形容詞：通常表示事物的性質或特征，意為 “令人…… 的”，主語一般是物。
例如：interesting（有趣的），surprising（令人驚訝的），frightening（令人害怕的） 。
例句
The students were interested in the interesting story.
（學生們對這個有趣的故事感興趣。）
We were amazed at the amazing view of the mountain.
（我們對山上令人驚嘆的景色感到驚訝。）
（二）省略句
定義：在不影響句意的前提下，省略句子中的一個或幾個句子成分，使語言更加簡潔明了 。
常見類型及例句
狀語從句中的省略：當狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致，且從句中含有 be 動詞時，可以省略從句的主語和 be 動詞。
例如：When (she was) asked about her travel experience, she began to talk excitedly.（當被問及她的旅行經歷時，她開始興奮地談論起來。）
不定式的省略：在某些動詞（如 want, hope, like, love, hate, wish, try 等）后，為避免重復，常省略與上文相同的動詞不定式，只保留 to。
例如：He didn't come, but he ought to have.（他沒來，但他本應該來的。）
（三）練習題
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the given words (-ed or -ing).
用所給單詞的正確形式（-ed或-ing）完成句子。
The ___________ (frighten) child held his mother's hand tightly.
The ___________ (frighten) story made the children scream.
We were all ___________ (surprise) at the ___________ (surprise) news.
The ___________ (bore) lecture made most of the students sleepy.
I felt ___________ (bore) because of the ___________ (bore) film.
用省略句改寫下面的句子.
When he was walking in the forest, he heard a strange sound.
If it is possible, I will go on a journey to the mountains next week.
She wanted to go to the party, but she was not invited.
He didn't come to the meeting, though he was asked to come.
三、重要句式句型分析
（一）Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.
結構分析：“Rather than” 表示 “而不是”，后接動詞原形 “travel”；“they decided to...” 是主句，“decided to” 后接兩個并列的動詞短語 “fly to Vancouver” 和 “take the train” 。
（二）It was not until 9:30 a.m. that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto.
結構分析：這是一個強調句，強調時間狀語 “not until 9:30 a.m.”，其基本結構為 “It is/was + 被強調部分 + that/who + 其他部分” 。
（三）翻譯練習題
她沒有選擇坐汽車，而是決定騎自行車去那里。
直到天黑，他們才到達那個小村莊。
他沒有選擇待在家里，而是出去散步了。
直到考試結束，他才意識到自己犯了很多錯誤。
四、單元書面表達寫作指導
（一）重要詞匯詞組搭配積累
旅行相關詞匯：journey, travel, trip, adventure, destination, scenic spot, sightseeing, explore
交通工具相關詞匯：railway, train, airline, plane, boat, bicycle, coach
景色相關詞匯：scenery, landscape, mountain, forest, lake, waterfall, peak, harbour
詞組搭配：anticipate doing sth., owe sth to sb, proceed to sth, take one's breath away, be bound for, contrary to, in addition to
（二）高分句式積累
It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.
例句：It is exciting for us to take a long rail journey across the country.
（對我們來說，乘火車進行一次長途的穿越全國的旅行是令人興奮的。）
Not only... but also...
例句：The journey not only broadened our horizons but also enriched our life experiences.（這次旅行不僅拓寬了我們的視野，還豐富了我們的生活閱歷。）
What + 主語 + 謂語 + is...
例句：What impressed me most is the friendly local people.
（給我印象最深的是友好的當地人。）
As the saying goes, “...”
例句：As the saying goes, “Travel far enough, you meet yourself.”
（正如那句名言所說：“走得足夠遠，你會遇見自我。”）
（三）參考范文
My Unforgettable Journey Across Canada
Last summer, I had the chance to take a rail journey across Canada, which was truly an unforgettable experience.
Rather than travel by plane, I chose the train to enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. As the train moved forward, I was amazed by the massive mountains and forests in the Canadian Rockies. The view of Lake Louise was so beautiful that it literally took my breath away. In addition to the spectacular natural scenery, I also had the opportunity to experience the local culture. I met friendly people, tasted delicious local food, and visited some interesting places.
What impressed me most was the kindness of the local people. They were always willing to help and share their stories with me. Not only did this journey broaden my horizons, but it also made me appreciate the diversity of the world.
Overall, this journey across Canada was a wonderful adventure. It was a chance for me to relax, explore, and learn. I will always cherish the memories of this amazing trip.
一、詞組搭配練習題答案及解析
（一）Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above
答案：anticipate
解析：“The team didn't...losing the game, for they had trained so hard.”，根據語境，隊伍訓練很努力，所以沒預料到會輸，“anticipate doing sth.” 表示 “預料 / 預見 / 期望做某事”，didn't 后接動詞原形，故填 “anticipate”。
答案：In addition to
解析：“...his hard work, he also has a talent for music.”，這里要表達除了努力之外，他還有音樂天賦，“In addition to” 表示 “除…… 之外（還有）”，句首字母大寫，所以填 “In addition to”。
答案：owes; to
解析：“She...her success...her teachers' guidance.”，句子意思是她把成功歸功于老師的指導，“owe sth to sb” 表示 “把…… 歸功于某人”，句子時態為一般現在時，主語 She 是第三人稱單數，所以 “owe” 用第三人稱單數形式 “owes”，故填 “owes; to”。
答案：bound for
解析：“The ship is...Shanghai.”，表示船開往上海，“be bound for” 表示 “準備前往（某地）”，所以填 “bound for”。
答案：Contrary to
解析：“...what he said, the result of the experiment was successful.”，根據語義，實驗結果和他說的相反，“Contrary to” 表示 “與…… 相反；相對立的”，句首字母大寫，因此填 “Contrary to”。
答案：took our breath away
解析：“The beautiful sunset...”，美麗的日落應該是令人驚嘆，“take one's breath away” 表示 “令人驚嘆”，結合語境，這里用一般過去時，所以填 “took our breath away”。
答案：In fact
解析：“..., he is a very kind - hearted person.”，此句要表達事實上他是個善良的人，“In fact” 表示 “事實上；實際上”，句首字母大寫，故填 “In fact”。
答案：as far as the eye can see
解析：“On the top of the hill, we could see green trees...”，在山頂看到綠樹，結合詞組，這里要表達一望無際都是綠樹，“as far as the eye can see” 表示 “一望無際；極目所及”，所以填 “as far as the eye can see”。
（二）Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above
答案：We didn't anticipate meeting traffic jams on the way.
解析：“沒有預料到” 用 “didn't anticipate”，“anticipate doing sth.”，“遇到交通堵塞” 翻譯為 “meeting traffic jams”，“在途中” 是 “on the way”，所以整句翻譯為 “We didn't anticipate meeting traffic jams on the way”。
答案：In addition to English, he can also speak French and Spanish.
解析：“除了…… 還……” 用 “In addition to”，“英語” 是 “English”，“他” 是 “he”，“會說法語和西班牙語” 翻譯為 “can also speak French and Spanish”，所以句子是 “In addition to English, he can also speak French and Spanish”。
答案：You should owe your progress to your hard work.
解析：“應該” 用 “should”，“把…… 歸功于……” 用 “owe sth to sb”，“你的進步” 是 “your progress”，“你的努力” 是 “your hard work”，所以翻譯為 “You should owe your progress to your hard work”。
答案：This bus is bound for the city center.
解析：“這輛公交車” 是 “This bus”，“開往” 用 “be bound for”，“市中心” 是 “the city center”，句子時態為一般現在時，所以是 “This bus is bound for the city center”。
答案：Contrary to his idea, this plan is very feasible.
解析：“與…… 相反” 用 “Contrary to”，“他的想法” 是 “his idea”，“這個計劃” 是 “this plan”，“非常可行” 翻譯為 “is very feasible”，所以整句為 “Contrary to his idea, this plan is very feasible”。
答案：The magnificent scenery of this ancient castle took our breath away.
解析：“這座古老的城堡的壯麗景色” 翻譯為 “The magnificent scenery of this ancient castle”，“令人驚嘆” 用 “take one's breath away”，這里用一般過去時，“our” 與 “us” 對應，所以是 “The magnificent scenery of this ancient castle took our breath away”。
答案：In fact, he has been to that place many times.
解析：“事實上” 用 “In fact”，句首字母大寫，“他” 是 “he”，“已經去過” 用現在完成時 “has been to”，“那個地方” 是 “that place”，“很多次” 是 “many times”，所以句子是 “In fact, he has been to that place many times”。
答案：Standing by the seaside, we saw the blue sea as far as the eye can see.
解析：“站在海邊” 用現在分詞短語 “Standing by the seaside” 作伴隨狀語，“我們” 是 “we”，“看到” 是 “saw”，“藍色大海” 是 “the blue sea”，“一望無際” 用 “as far as the eye can see”，所以翻譯為 “Standing by the seaside, we saw the blue sea as far as the eye can see”。
二、語法知識點練習題答案及解析
（一）Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the given words (-ed or -ing)
答案：frightened
解析：“The...child held his mother's hand tightly.”，這里描述孩子的感受，“感到害怕的”，-ed 形式形容詞表示人的感受，所以用 “frightened”。
答案：frightening
解析：“The...story made the children scream.”，此句形容故事的性質，“令人害怕的”，-ing 形式形容詞表示事物的特征，所以填 “frightening”。
答案：surprised; surprising
解析：“We were all...at the...news.”，第一空描述 “我們” 的感受，用 - ed 形式 “surprised”；第二空形容 “news”（消息）的特征，用 - ing 形式 “surprising”。
答案：boring
解析：“The...lecture made most of the students sleepy.”，這里是說講座令人感到無聊，形容事物的特征，用 - ing 形式 “boring”。
答案：bored; boring
解析：“I felt...because of the...film.”，第一空描述 “我” 的感受，用 - ed 形式 “bored”；第二空形容 “film”（電影）的特征，用 - ing 形式 “boring”。
（二）Rewrite the following sentences using 省略句
答案：When walking in the forest, he heard a strange sound.
解析：原句 “When he was walking in the forest, he heard a strange sound.” 中，時間狀語從句的主語 “he” 和主句主語一致，且從句含 be 動詞 “was”，可省略從句的主語 “he” 和 be 動詞 “was”，得到省略句 “When walking in the forest, he heard a strange sound”。
答案：If possible, I will go on a journey to the mountains next week.
解析：原句 “If it is possible, I will go on a journey to the mountains next week.”，條件狀語從句 “it is” 可省略，變為省略句 “If possible, I will go on a journey to the mountains next week”。
答案：She wanted to go to the party, but not invited.
解析：原句 “She wanted to go to the party, but she was not invited.” 中，轉折部分的主語 “she” 和前句主語一致，且含 be 動詞 “was”，可省略主語 “she” 和 be 動詞 “was”，得到 “She wanted to go to the party, but not invited”。
答案：He didn't come to the meeting, though asked to.
解析：原句 “He didn't come to the meeting, though he was asked to come.” 中，讓步狀語從句的主語 “he” 和主句主語一致，且含 be 動詞 “was”，可省略主語 “he”、be 動詞 “was” 和與前文重復的 “come”，變為 “He didn't come to the meeting, though asked to”。
三、重要句式句型分析翻譯練習題答案及解析
答案：Rather than take a bus, she decided to go there by bicycle.
解析：“沒有選擇…… 而是……” 用 “Rather than”，后接動詞原形 “take”，“坐汽車” 是 “take a bus”，“決定” 是 “decided”，“騎自行車去那里” 翻譯為 “go there by bicycle”，所以翻譯為 “Rather than take a bus, she decided to go there by bicycle”。
答案：It was not until it got dark that they reached the small village.
解析：“直到…… 才……” 用強調句結構 “It was not until...that...”，“天黑” 翻譯為 “it got dark”，“他們到達那個小村莊” 是 “they reached the small village”，所以句子是 “It was not until it got dark that they reached the small village”。
答案：Rather than stay at home, he went out for a walk.
解析：“沒有選擇…… 而是……” 用 “Rather than”，后接動詞原形 “stay”，“待在家里” 是 “stay at home”，“出去散步” 翻譯為 “went out for a walk”，所以翻譯為 “Rather than stay at home, he went out for a walk”。
答案：It was not until the exam was over that he realized he had made many mistakes.
解析：“直到…… 才……” 用強調句結構 “It was not until...that...”，“考試結束” 翻譯為 “the exam was over”，“他意識到自己犯了很多錯誤” 是 “he realized he had made many mistakes”，所以句子是 “It was not until the exam was over that he realized he had made many mistakes”。

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