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Unit 2 Iconic Attractions 單元知識總結清單
一、詞組搭配
（一）重點詞組
a flock of：一群（羊或鳥）。
例句：A flock of birds flew across the sky.（一群鳥兒飛過天空。）
be located：位于。
例句：The small village is located at the foot of the mountain.
（這個小村莊位于山腳下。）
be known as：被稱為；作為…… 而出名。
例句：Yao Ming is known as a great basketball player.
（姚明作為一名偉大的籃球運動員而聞名。）
be native to：原產于；源于。
例句：This kind of plant is native to South America.（這種植物原產于南美洲。）
be in close contact with：與…… 保持密切聯系。
例句：Scientists are in close contact with each other to solve the problem.
（科學家們相互密切聯系以解決這個問題。）
take place：發生；舉行。
例句：The sports meeting will take place next week.（運動會將于下周舉行。）
be entitled to：有權；有資格。
例句：Every citizen is entitled to equal rights.
（每個公民都有權享有平等的權利。）
in the interest of：為了…… 的利益。
例句：We should protect the environment in the interest of future generations.
（為了子孫后代的利益，我們應該保護環境。）
date back to：追溯到；始于。
例句：This ancient building dates back to the Ming Dynasty.
（這座古老的建筑可追溯到明朝。）
in summary：總之；概括起來。
例句：In summary, we should make good use of our time.
（總之，我們應該充分利用時間。）
（二）詞匯練習題
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above.用以上短語的正確形式填空。
The festival ___________ every year in this small town.
The kangaroo ___________ Australia.
___________ sheep are eating grass on the hillside.
The city ___________ the east coast of the country.
She ___________ a pay rise after a year of hard work.
We should do this ___________ the company.
This tradition ___________ hundreds of years ago.
___________, the project was a great success.
We should ___________ nature to live a sustainable life.
He ___________ one of the greatest writers in the world.
Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above.用以上短語的正確形式填空。
一群鳥兒在天空中歡快地飛翔。
這座城市位于兩條河流的交匯處。
熊貓原產于中國。
會議將在明天舉行。
每個學生都有權接受良好的教育。
為了我們的健康，我們應該保持健康的生活方式。
這個小鎮的歷史可以追溯到中世紀。
總之，我們從這次經歷中學到了很多。
科學家們與當地居民保持密切聯系以進行研究。
他作為一位著名的畫家而聞名。
二、語法知識點
（一）過去分詞
用法：
作定語：單個過去分詞作定語通常放在被修飾詞之前；過去分詞短語作定語則放在被修飾詞之后，相當于一個定語從句。
例句：The broken window（單個過去分詞作定語） needs to be repaired.
（那個破窗戶需要修理。）；
The book written by Lu Xun（過去分詞短語作定語） is very interesting.
（魯迅寫的這本書很有趣。）
作表語：說明主語的狀態或特征。
例句：I am interested in the film.（我對這部電影感興趣。）
作賓語補足語：常與使役動詞（如 have, make, get 等）和感官動詞（如 see, hear, watch 等）連用，表示被動或完成的意義。
例句：I had my hair cut yesterday.（我昨天剪了頭發。）；
I saw the door closed.（我看見門關上了。）
作狀語：可表示時間、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨等，相當于相應的狀語從句。例句：Seen from the top of the hill（時間狀語）, the city looks more beautiful.（從山頂上看，這座城市看起來更美。）；
Tired and hungry（原因狀語）, he stopped to have a rest.
（又累又餓，他停下來休息。）
注意事項：過去分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語一致；過去分詞表示被動或完成的動作。
（二）練習題
Identify the function of the past participles in the following sentences.找出下列句子中過去分詞的作用。
The excited children rushed into the classroom.（ ）
The novel written by Mo Yan has been translated into many languages.（ ）
She felt disappointed at the news.（ ）
I heard the song sung in English.（ ）
Given more time, we could have done it better.（ ）
Rewrite the following sentences using past participles as adverbials.用過去分詞作狀語改寫下列句子。
Because he was caught in the rain, he was all wet.
If it is heated, water will turn into steam.
When she was asked about the secret, she refused to answer.
Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.糾正下列句子中的錯誤。
The book writing by him is very popular.
Looked out of the window, I saw a beautiful garden.
Having been shown around the factory, we were very impressed.
三、重要句式句型分析
（一）Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it’s often informally referred to as ‘down under’.
結構分析：“Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe” 為過去分詞短語作狀語，表示位置，說明主語 “it”（澳大利亞）的地理位置；“is often informally referred to as” 是句子的謂語部分，“‘down under’” 是賓語 。
（二）A lot of typical Australian food, such as the Sunday roast, is originally British.
結構分析：“A lot of typical Australian food” 是句子的主語；“is” 為系動詞；“originally British” 作表語；“such as the Sunday roast” 為插入語，舉例說明典型的澳大利亞食物。
（三）翻譯練習題
位于城市中心的博物館每天都吸引大量游客。
許多傳統的中國節日，比如春節，都有著悠久的歷史。
被美麗的風景所吸引，游客們駐足拍照。
四、單元書面表達寫作指導
（一）重要詞匯詞組搭配積累
景點相關詞匯：iconic attractions（標志性景點），scenic views（風景），historical sites（歷史遺跡），national symbol（國家象征），world - famous（世界著名的）
文化相關詞匯：multiculturalism（多元文化主義），indigenous culture（土著文化），cultural heritage（文化遺產），traditional customs（傳統習俗），spiritual world（精神世界）
動物相關詞匯：unique animals（獨特的動物），endangered species（瀕危物種），distribution（分布），habitat（棲息地），interact with（與…… 互動）
飲食相關詞匯：cuisine（烹飪；菜肴），barbecue（戶外燒烤），local specialties（地方特色菜），ingredients（食材），flavors（風味）
（二）高分句式積累
It is + adj. + that...
例句：It is amazing that this ancient building has survived for so many years.
（這座古老的建筑歷經這么多年依然保存下來，真是令人驚嘆。）
Not only...but also...
例句：This city is not only famous for its beautiful scenery but also for its rich history.（這座城市不僅以其美麗的風景聞名，還以其豐富的歷史著稱。）
With + 名詞 + 現在分詞 / 過去分詞 / 介詞短語 。
例句：With the development of tourism, more and more people come to visit this iconic attraction.（隨著旅游業的發展，越來越多的人來參觀這個標志性景點。）
What makes...special is...
例句：What makes this animal special is its unique way of finding food.
（這種動物的特別之處在于它獨特的覓食方式。）
（三）參考范文
The Giant Panda - An Iconic Animal of China
The giant panda is one of the most iconic animals of China, loved by people all over the world. With its distinctive black - and - white fur, the giant panda looks extremely cute and lovely.
Giant pandas are native to China and mainly live in the mountainous areas of Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Gansu provinces. They have a special diet, mainly feeding on bamboo. Although they are classified as carnivores, bamboo makes up about 99% of their diet. Due to the limited distribution of bamboo and the low birth rate of pandas, they are endangered species.
In Chinese culture, the giant panda represents peace and friendship. China often sends giant pandas to other countries as envoys of friendship, which helps to promote cultural exchanges and friendship between countries. For example, many countries build special panda bases to take good care of the pandas sent by China.
In recent years, with the great efforts of the Chinese government and people, the living environment of giant pandas has been improved, and their population has gradually increased. What makes the giant panda so special is not only its lovely appearance but also its important role in promoting cultural exchanges and biodiversity protection. It is indeed a precious treasure of China and the world.
一、詞組搭配練習題答案及解析
（一）Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above
答案：takes place
解析：“The festival...every year in this small town.”，句子表達節日在小鎮每年舉行，“take place” 表示 “發生；舉行”，句子時態為一般現在時，主語 “The festival” 是單數，所以 “take” 用第三人稱單數形式 “takes”，故填 “takes place”。
答案：is native to
解析：“The kangaroo...Australia.”，袋鼠原產于澳大利亞，“be native to” 表示 “原產于；源于” ，句子時態為一般現在時，主語 “The kangaroo” 是單數，be 動詞用 “is”，所以填 “is native to”。
答案：A flock of
解析：“...sheep are eating grass on the hillside.”，需要一個表示 “一群” 的詞組修飾 “sheep”，“a flock of” 表示 “一群（羊或鳥）”，符合語境，句首字母大寫，所以填 “A flock of”。
答案：is located
解析：“The city...the east coast of the country.”，城市位于國家東海岸，“be located” 表示 “位于” ，句子時態為一般現在時，主語 “The city” 是單數，be 動詞用 “is”，所以填 “is located”。
答案：is entitled to
解析：“She...a pay rise after a year of hard work.”，她努力工作一年后有權獲得加薪，“be entitled to” 表示 “有權；有資格” ，句子時態為一般現在時，主語 “She” 是單數，be 動詞用 “is”，所以填 “is entitled to”。
答案：in the interest of
解析：“We should do this...the company.”，我們做這件事應該是為了公司的利益，“in the interest of” 表示 “為了…… 的利益”，所以填 “in the interest of”。
答案：dates back to
解析：“This tradition...hundreds of years ago.”，這個傳統可追溯到幾百年前，“date back to” 表示 “追溯到；始于” ，句子時態為一般現在時，主語 “This tradition” 是單數，所以 “date” 用第三人稱單數形式 “dates”，填 “dates back to”。
答案：In summary
解析：“..., the project was a great success.”，此處需要一個總結性的詞組，“in summary” 表示 “總之；概括起來”，用于總結前文，句首字母大寫，所以填 “In summary”。
答案：be in close contact with
解析：“We should...nature to live a sustainable life.”，為了可持續生活，我們應該與自然保持密切聯系，“be in close contact with” 表示 “與…… 保持密切聯系”，“should” 是情態動詞，后接動詞原形，所以填 “be in close contact with”。
答案：is known as
解析：“He...one of the greatest writers in the world.”，他作為世界上最偉大的作家之一而聞名，“be known as” 表示 “被稱為；作為…… 而出名” ，句子時態為一般現在時，主語 “He” 是單數，be 動詞用 “is”，所以填 “is known as”。
（二）Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above
答案：A flock of birds are flying merrily in the sky.
解析：“一群鳥兒” 翻譯為 “A flock of birds”；“在天空中歡快地飛翔” 用現在進行時 “are flying merrily in the sky”，“fly” 的現在分詞是 “flying”，“merrily” 表示 “歡快地” 作狀語修飾 “flying” 。
答案：This city is located at the junction of two rivers.
解析：“這座城市” 翻譯為 “This city”；“位于” 用 “is located”；“兩條河流的交匯處” 翻譯為 “at the junction of two rivers”，“at the junction of” 表示 “在…… 的交匯處” 。
答案：Pandas are native to China.
解析：“熊貓” 翻譯為 “Pandas”；“原產于” 用 “are native to”；“中國” 翻譯為 “China” 。
答案：The meeting will take place tomorrow.
解析：“會議” 翻譯為 “The meeting”；“將在明天舉行” 用一般將來時 “will take place tomorrow”，“take place” 表示 “舉行” 。
答案：Every student is entitled to a good education.
解析：“每個學生” 翻譯為 “Every student”；“有權接受” 用 “is entitled to”；“良好的教育” 翻譯為 “a good education” 。
答案：In the interest of our health, we should maintain a healthy lifestyle.
解析：“為了我們的健康” 翻譯為 “In the interest of our health”；“我們應該” 翻譯為 “we should”；“保持健康的生活方式” 翻譯為 “maintain a healthy lifestyle” 。
答案：The history of this small town dates back to the Middle Ages.
解析：“這個小鎮的歷史” 翻譯為 “The history of this small town”；“可以追溯到” 用 “dates back to”；“中世紀” 翻譯為 “the Middle Ages” 。
答案：In summary, we have learned a lot from this experience.
解析：“總之” 翻譯為 “In summary”；“我們從這次經歷中學到了很多” 翻譯為 “we have learned a lot from this experience”，用現在完成時表示從過去到現在的學習成果 。
答案：Scientists are in close contact with local residents to conduct research.
解析：“科學家們” 翻譯為 “Scientists”；“與…… 保持密切聯系” 用 “are in close contact with”；“當地居民” 翻譯為 “local residents”；“以進行研究” 翻譯為 “to conduct research”，“to do sth.” 作目的狀語 。
答案：He is known as a famous painter.
解析：“他” 翻譯為 “He”；“作為…… 而聞名” 用 “is known as”；“一位著名的畫家” 翻譯為 “a famous painter” 。
二、語法知識點練習題答案及解析
（一）Identify the function of the past participles in the following sentences
答案：作定語
解析：“The excited children rushed into the classroom.” 中，“excited” 修飾 “children”，說明孩子們的狀態，單個過去分詞作定語放在被修飾詞之前，所以 “excited” 作定語。
答案：作定語
解析：“The novel written by Mo Yan has been translated into many languages.” 中，“written by Mo Yan” 是過去分詞短語，修飾 “the novel”，放在被修飾詞之后，相當于定語從句 “which was written by Mo Yan”，所以 “written by Mo Yan” 作定語。
答案：作表語
解析：“She felt disappointed at the news.” 中，“disappointed” 跟在系動詞 “felt” 后，說明主語 “She” 的狀態，所以 “disappointed” 作表語。
答案：作賓語補足語
解析：“I heard the song sung in English.” 中，“sung in English” 補充說明賓語 “the song” 的狀態，與 “the song” 是被動關系，“heard” 是感官動詞，所以 “sung in English” 作賓語補足語。
答案：作狀語
解析：“Given more time, we could have done it better.” 中，“Given more time” 表示條件，相當于條件狀語從句 “If we were given more time”，其邏輯主語與句子主語 “we” 一致，所以 “Given more time” 作狀語。
（二）Rewrite the following sentences using past participles as adverbials
答案：Caught in the rain, he was all wet.
解析：原句 “Because he was caught in the rain, he was all wet.”，“he” 和 “catch” 是被動關系，將原因狀語從句 “Because he was caught in the rain” 改寫為過去分詞短語 “Caught in the rain” 作原因狀語，邏輯主語與句子主語 “he” 一致 。
答案：Heated, water will turn into steam.
解析：原句 “If it is heated, water will turn into steam.”，“it”（指代 “water”）和 “heat” 是被動關系，把條件狀語從句 “If it is heated” 改寫為過去分詞短語 “Heated” 作條件狀語，邏輯主語是 “water” 。
答案：Asked about the secret, she refused to answer.
解析：原句 “When she was asked about the secret, she refused to answer.”，“she” 和 “ask” 是被動關系，將時間狀語從句 “When she was asked about the secret” 改寫為過去分詞短語 “Asked about the secret” 作時間狀語，邏輯主語與句子主語 “she” 一致 。
（三）Correct the mistakes in the following sentences
答案：The book written by him is very popular.
解析：原句 “The book writing by him is very popular.” 錯誤，“book” 和 “write” 是被動關系，應該用過去分詞 “written” 作后置定語修飾 “book”，而 “writing” 是現在分詞，不能表示被動，所以把 “writing” 改為 “written”。
答案：Looking out of the window, I saw a beautiful garden.
解析：原句 “Looked out of the window, I saw a beautiful garden.” 錯誤，“I” 和 “look” 是主動關系，應該用現在分詞 “Looking” 作時間狀語，而 “Looked” 是過去分詞，不能表示主動，所以把 “Looked” 改為 “Looking”。
答案：句子正確，無需修改。
解析：“Having been shown around the factory, we were very impressed.” 中，“we” 和 “show” 是被動關系，“Having been shown around the factory” 是現在分詞完成式的被動形式作時間狀語，表示 “被帶領參觀工廠” 這個動作發生在 “were very impressed” 之前，句子結構和語法正確。
三、重要句式句型分析翻譯練習題答案及解析
答案：The museum located in the city center attracts a large number of tourists every day.
解析：參照 “Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it’s often informally referred to as ‘down under’.” 的結構，“位于城市中心的” 用過去分詞短語 “located in the city center” 作后置定語修飾 “the museum”；“吸引大量游客” 翻譯為 “attracts a large number of tourists”；“每天” 翻譯為 “every day” 。
答案：Many traditional Chinese festivals, such as the Spring Festival, have a long history.
解析：參考 “A lot of typical Australian food, such as the Sunday roast, is originally British.” 的結構，“許多傳統的中國節日” 翻譯為 “Many traditional Chinese festivals” 作主語；“比如春節” 用 “such as the Spring Festival” 作插入語舉例；“都有著悠久的歷史” 翻譯為 “have a long history” 。
答案：Attracted by the beautiful scenery, the tourists stopped to take photos.
解析：運用過去分詞短語作狀語的結構，“被美麗的風景所吸引” 翻譯為 “Attracted by the beautiful scenery”，邏輯主語是 “the tourists”；“游客們駐足拍照” 翻譯為 “the tourists stopped to take photos” 。

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