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Unit 4 Sharing單元知識(shí)總結(jié)清單
一、詞組搭配
（一）重點(diǎn)詞組
a chorus of：齊聲；異口同聲。
例句：A chorus of applause filled the hall when the singer finished her performance.（歌手演唱結(jié)束時(shí)，大廳里響起了一陣掌聲。）
not to mention：更不用說(shuō)；且不說(shuō)。
例句：He can speak English, French, and Spanish, not to mention Chinese.
（他會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)、法語(yǔ)和西班牙語(yǔ)，更不用說(shuō)中文了。）
take (…) for granted：認(rèn)為 (……) 是理所當(dāng)然；對(duì) (……) 不予重視。
例句：Don't take your parents' love for granted.
（不要把父母的愛(ài)視為理所當(dāng)然。）
relay to：轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)給……；轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)給……。
例句：Please relay my thanks to your parents.（請(qǐng)向你的父母轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)我的謝意。）
be dying to：渴望；極想。
例句：She is dying to travel around the world.（她渴望環(huán)游世界。）
adapt to：適應(yīng)。
例句：It took him some time to adapt to the new environment.
（他花了一些時(shí)間才適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。）
come across：偶然遇見(jiàn)；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)。
例句：I came across an old friend on the street yesterday.
（我昨天在街上偶然遇到一位老朋友。）
make a difference：有影響；起作用。
例句：Your support can make a difference to the success of the project.
（你的支持對(duì)項(xiàng)目的成功至關(guān)重要。）
be related to：與…… 有關(guān)。
例句：His illness is related to his unhealthy lifestyle.
（他的病與他不健康的生活方式有關(guān)。）
dry out：（使）變干；（使）干透。
例句：The sun dried out the wet clothes quickly.（太陽(yáng)很快把濕衣服曬干了。）
（二）詞匯練習(xí)題
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above.用以上短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。
When the good news was announced, ___________ cheers broke out.
He is so busy with his work that he often forgets to eat, ___________ exercise.
We should never ___________ the hard - won peace.
Can you ___________ this message ___________ your teacher
The children ___________ see the new cartoon movie.
It's important for us to ___________ the changing situation.
I ___________ a rare book in the second - hand bookstore last weekend.
Small actions can also ___________ in protecting the environment.
Her success ___________ her hard work and determination.
Leave the wet shoes in the sun to ___________.
Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above.用上面的短語(yǔ)把下面的句子翻譯成英語(yǔ)。
觀眾們異口同聲地歡呼起來(lái)。
他連基本的生活技能都不會(huì)，更不用說(shuō)復(fù)雜的技術(shù)了。
我們不應(yīng)把他人的幫助視為理所當(dāng)然。
請(qǐng)把這個(gè)好消息轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)給你的同學(xué)。
她渴望去國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)先進(jìn)的知識(shí)。
你需要盡快適應(yīng)這里的生活方式。
我在整理舊照片時(shí)偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了這張珍貴的照片。
每個(gè)人都可以在改善社區(qū)環(huán)境方面發(fā)揮作用。
他的研究與當(dāng)前的社會(huì)問(wèn)題有關(guān)。
把洗好的衣服掛在外面晾干。
二、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)
（一）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
用法：
表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。
例句：I have lost my key.（我把鑰匙丟了。）（結(jié)果是現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有鑰匙了）
表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與 for 或 since 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
例句：She has lived here for ten years.（她在這里住了十年了。）
構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞 have/has + 過(guò)去分詞。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用 has，其余情況用 have。
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：already（已經(jīng)，常用于肯定句），yet（還，常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句），just（剛剛），ever（曾經(jīng)），never（從不），so far（到目前為止），up to now（直到現(xiàn)在），for + 時(shí)間段，since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn) / 從句等。
（二）練習(xí)題
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.用括號(hào)中動(dòng)詞的正確形式完成句子。
I ___________ (see) the film twice. It's very interesting.
He ___________ (work) in this company since 2018.
___________ you ___________ (finish) your homework yet
They ___________ (not visit) the museum so far.
She ___________ (live) here for five months.
Rewrite the following sentences according to the requirements.根據(jù)要求改寫下列句子。
He has already had lunch.（改為否定句）
They have known each other since 2010.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）
She has been to Beijing three times.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句）
Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.
糾正下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤。
I have gone to the park many times.
He has bought the book for two weeks.
Since he comes here, he has made many friends.
三、重要句式句型分析
（一）As you grow older, you will discover that you have two hands, one for helping yourself, the other for helping others.
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：“As you grow older” 是 as 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示 “隨著你長(zhǎng)大”；主句 “you will discover that...” 中，“that you have two hands, one for helping yourself, the other for helping others” 是 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，“one for helping yourself, the other for helping others” 對(duì) “two hands” 進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明 。
（二）My secondary school is a bush school. The classrooms are made of bamboo, with clay floors and roofs of grass.
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：前一句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，介紹學(xué)校類型；后一句中 “are made of” 表示 “由…… 制成”，“with clay floors and roofs of grass” 是 with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，對(duì)教室的特征進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充描述。
（三）翻譯練習(xí)題
隨著時(shí)間的推移，你會(huì)明白學(xué)習(xí)的重要性。
我們的鄉(xiāng)村小學(xué)是用石頭建造的，有木制的窗戶和泥土地面。
他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有兩種愛(ài)好，一種是繪畫，另一種是攝影。
四、單元書面表達(dá)寫作指導(dǎo)
（一）重要詞匯詞組搭配積累
志愿工作相關(guān)詞匯：volunteer work（志愿工作），volunteer teacher（志愿教師），community service（社區(qū)服務(wù)），charity organization（慈善組織），offer help（提供幫助），assist the needy（幫助有需要的人）
援助與分享相關(guān)詞匯：provide aid（提供援助），make donations（進(jìn)行捐贈(zèng)），share knowledge（分享知識(shí)），give a hand（伸出援手），relieve suffering（減輕痛苦）
情感與意義相關(guān)詞匯：feel proud of（為…… 感到驕傲），be grateful for（對(duì)…… 心存感激），make a positive impact（產(chǎn)生積極影響），bring joy（帶來(lái)快樂(lè)），create a better future（創(chuàng)造更美好的未來(lái)）
（二）高分句式積累
It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.
例句：It is meaningful for us to participate in volunteer activities.
（對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，參加志愿活動(dòng)是有意義的。）
Not only...but also...
例句：Volunteering can not only help others but also enrich our own lives.
（志愿活動(dòng)不僅能幫助他人，還能豐富我們自己的生活。）
There is no doubt that...
例句：There is no doubt that sharing can make the world a better place.
（毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，分享能讓世界變得更美好。）
What + 主語(yǔ) + need (s) is...
例句：What the children in poor areas need most is good education.
（貧困地區(qū)的孩子們最需要的是良好的教育。）
（三）參考范文
My Experience as a Volunteer
Last summer, I had the opportunity to take part in a volunteer activity in an old people’s home. It was an unforgettable experience that made a deep impression on me.
When I first arrived at the old people’s home, I was a bit nervous. But as soon as I started talking with the elderly people, all my nervousness disappeared. I listened to their stories about the past, their joys and sorrows. Some of them were very lonely as their children lived far away. I spent time chatting with them, helping them clean their rooms, and even teaching them how to use smartphones.
I remember an old lady named Grandma Li. She was very interested in learning about modern technology. I patiently showed her how to send messages and make video calls. When she successfully made a video call to her grandson, she was so happy that she held my hand tightly and thanked me again and again. At that moment, I truly realized the meaning of volunteering. It’s not just about giving help; it’s about bringing warmth and hope to others.
Through this volunteer activity, I not only brought joy to the elderly but also learned a lot. I learned to be more patient and understanding. I also realized that we should care more about the elderly and give them more love and attention. There is no doubt that this experience has made me a more responsible and caring person. I hope I can take part in more volunteer activities in the future and make a difference to more people’s lives.
一、詞組搭配練習(xí)題答案及解析
（一）Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases above
答案：a chorus of
解析：“When the good news was announced, … cheers broke out.”，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，好消息宣布時(shí)，應(yīng)是 “齊聲歡呼”，“a chorus of” 表示 “齊聲；異口同聲”，符合語(yǔ)義，所以填 “a chorus of”。
答案：not to mention
解析：“He is so busy with his work that he often forgets to eat, … exercise.”，句子表達(dá)他工作忙到常忘記吃飯，更不用說(shuō)鍛煉了，“not to mention” 意為 “更不用說(shuō)；且不說(shuō)”，用于補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明更不可能的情況，故填 “not to mention”。
答案：take；for granted
解析：“We should never … the hard - won peace.”，結(jié)合短語(yǔ)含義，“take (…) for granted” 表示 “認(rèn)為 (……) 是理所當(dāng)然；對(duì) (……) 不予重視”，此句表示不應(yīng)把來(lái)之不易的和平視為理所當(dāng)然，所以填 “take；for granted”。
答案：relay；to
解析：“Can you … this message … your teacher ”，詢問(wèn)能否把消息轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)給老師，“relay to” 意思是 “轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)給……；轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)給……”，符合句子要求，因此填 “relay；to”。
答案：are dying to
解析：“The children … see the new cartoon movie.”，描述孩子們渴望看新卡通電影，“be dying to” 表示 “渴望；極想”，主語(yǔ) “The children” 是復(fù)數(shù)，be 動(dòng)詞用 are，所以填 “are dying to”。
答案：adapt to
解析：“It's important for us to … the changing situation.”，強(qiáng)調(diào)適應(yīng)變化形勢(shì)的重要性，“adapt to” 意為 “適應(yīng)”，“to” 后接動(dòng)詞原形，故填 “adapt to”。
答案：came across
解析：“I … a rare book in the second - hand bookstore last weekend.”，表示上周末在二手書店偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)一本稀有書籍，“come across” 表示 “偶然遇見(jiàn)；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)”，句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，“come” 的過(guò)去式是 “came”，所以填 “came across”。
答案：make a difference
解析：“Small actions can also … in protecting the environment.”，說(shuō)明小行動(dòng)也能在環(huán)保中發(fā)揮作用，“make a difference” 表示 “有影響；起作用”，“can” 后接動(dòng)詞原形，因此填 “make a difference”。
答案：is related to
解析：“Her success … her hard work and determination.”，表達(dá)她的成功與努力和決心有關(guān)，“be related to” 表示 “與…… 有關(guān)”，主語(yǔ) “Her success” 是單數(shù)，be 動(dòng)詞用 is，所以填 “is related to”。
答案：dry out
解析：“Leave the wet shoes in the sun to …”，意思是把濕鞋子放在太陽(yáng)下曬干，“dry out” 表示 “（使）變干；（使）干透”，“to” 后接動(dòng)詞原形，故填 “dry out”。
（二）Translate the following sentences into English, using the phrases above
答案：The audience cheered with a chorus of voices.
解析：“觀眾們” 翻譯為 “The audience”；“歡呼起來(lái)” 翻譯為 “cheered”；“異口同聲地” 用 “with a chorus of voices”，使用 “a chorus of” 的變形表達(dá)，體現(xiàn) “齊聲” 的含義。
答案：He can't even master basic life skills, not to mention complex technologies.
解析：“他” 翻譯為 “He”；“連…… 都不會(huì)” 用 “can't even”；“掌握基本生活技能” 翻譯為 “master basic life skills”；“更不用說(shuō)” 用 “not to mention”；“復(fù)雜的技術(shù)” 翻譯為 “complex technologies” 。
答案：We should not take the help of others for granted.
解析：“我們” 翻譯為 “We”；“不應(yīng)” 翻譯為 “should not”；“把…… 視為理所當(dāng)然” 用 “take … for granted”；“他人的幫助” 翻譯為 “the help of others” 。
答案：Please relay this good news to your classmates.
解析：“請(qǐng)” 翻譯為 “Please”；“轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)” 用 “relay”；“這個(gè)好消息” 翻譯為 “this good news”；“給你的同學(xué)” 翻譯為 “to your classmates” 。
答案：She is dying to go abroad to study advanced knowledge.
解析：“她” 翻譯為 “She”；“渴望” 用 “is dying to”；“去國(guó)外” 翻譯為 “go abroad”；“學(xué)習(xí)先進(jìn)的知識(shí)” 翻譯為 “study advanced knowledge” 。
答案：You need to adapt to the local lifestyle as soon as possible.
解析：“你” 翻譯為 “You”；“需要” 翻譯為 “need to”；“適應(yīng)” 用 “adapt to”；“這里的生活方式” 翻譯為 “the local lifestyle”；“盡快” 翻譯為 “as soon as possible” 。
答案：I came across this precious photo while sorting out old photos.
解析：“我” 翻譯為 “I”；“偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)” 用 “came across”；“這張珍貴的照片” 翻譯為 “this precious photo”；“在整理舊照片時(shí)” 翻譯為 “while sorting out old photos”，使用 “while + 現(xiàn)在分詞” 結(jié)構(gòu)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) 。
答案：Everyone can make a difference in improving the community environment.
解析：“每個(gè)人” 翻譯為 “Everyone”；“可以發(fā)揮作用” 用 “can make a difference”；“在改善社區(qū)環(huán)境方面” 翻譯為 “in improving the community environment”，“in + 動(dòng)名詞” 表示 “在…… 方面” 。
答案：His research is related to current social problems.
解析：“他的研究” 翻譯為 “His research”；“與…… 有關(guān)” 用 “is related to”；“當(dāng)前的社會(huì)問(wèn)題” 翻譯為 “current social problems” 。
答案：Hang the washed clothes outside to dry out.
解析：“把…… 掛在外面” 翻譯為 “Hang … outside”；“洗好的衣服” 翻譯為 “the washed clothes”；“晾干” 用 “dry out” 。
二、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)練習(xí)題答案及解析
（一）Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets
答案：have seen
解析：“I … (see) the film twice. It's very interesting.”，“twice”（兩次）表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的 “看電影” 這個(gè)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響是知道電影很有趣，符合現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) “過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果” 的用法，主語(yǔ) I 不是第三人稱單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用 have，see 的過(guò)去分詞是 seen，所以填 have seen。
答案：has worked
解析：“He … (work) in this company since 2018.”，“since 2018”（自從 2018 年）表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ) He 是第三人稱單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用 has，work 的過(guò)去分詞是 worked，因此填 has worked。
答案：Have；finished
解析：“… you … (finish) your homework yet ”，“yet” 常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的疑問(wèn)句中，詢問(wèn) “你完成作業(yè)了嗎”，表示過(guò)去開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)是 “Have/Has + 主語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞”，主語(yǔ) you 不是第三人稱單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用 Have，finish 的過(guò)去分詞是 finished，所以填 Have；finished。
答案：haven't visited
解析：“They … (not visit) the museum so far.”，“so far”（到目前為止）是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞，句子為否定句，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)否定句結(jié)構(gòu)是 “主語(yǔ) + haven't/hasn't + 過(guò)去分詞”，主語(yǔ) They 不是第三人稱單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用 haven't，visit 的過(guò)去分詞是 visited，所以填 haven't visited。
答案：has lived
解析：“She … (live) here for five months.”，“for five months”（五個(gè)月）表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ) She 是第三人稱單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用 has，live 的過(guò)去分詞是 lived，所以填 has lived。
（二）Rewrite the following sentences according to the requirements
答案：He hasn't had lunch yet.
解析：原句 “He has already had lunch.” 是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)肯定句，改為否定句時(shí)，在助動(dòng)詞 has 后加 not，縮寫為 hasn't，already 常用于肯定句，否定句中用 yet，放在句末，所以改寫為 “He hasn't had lunch yet.”。
答案：How long have they known each other
解析：原句 “They have known each other since 2010.” 中，劃線部分 “since 2010” 表示時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度，對(duì)其提問(wèn)用 “How long”（多久），然后將助動(dòng)詞 have 提前，其他部分照抄，得到 “How long have they known each other ”。
答案：Has she been to Beijing three times
解析：原句 “She has been to Beijing three times.” 是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)肯定句，改為一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，將助動(dòng)詞 has 提前，其他部分照抄，所以變?yōu)?“Has she been to Beijing three times ”。
（三）Correct the mistakes in the following sentences
答案：I have been to the park many times.
解析：原句 “I have gone to the park many times.” 錯(cuò)誤，“have gone to” 表示 “去了某地（還沒(méi)回來(lái)）”，而句子表達(dá)去過(guò)公園很多次，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)，應(yīng)該用 “have been to”（去過(guò)某地），所以將 gone 改為 been。
答案：He has had the book for two weeks.
解析：原句 “He has bought the book for two weeks.” 錯(cuò)誤，“buy” 是瞬間動(dòng)詞，不能與 “for + 時(shí)間段” 連用，應(yīng)將其改為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 “have”（擁有），所以把 bought 改為 had。
答案：Since he came here, he has made many friends.
解析：原句 “Since he comes here, he has made many friends.” 錯(cuò)誤，since 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，所以應(yīng)將 comes 改為 came。
三、重要句式句型分析翻譯練習(xí)題答案及解析
答案：As time goes by, you will understand the importance of learning.
解析：參照 “As you grow older, you will discover that you have two hands, one for helping yourself, the other for helping others.” 的結(jié)構(gòu)，“隨著時(shí)間的推移” 翻譯為 “As time goes by”，as 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；“你會(huì)明白” 翻譯為 “you will understand”；“學(xué)習(xí)的重要性” 翻譯為 “the importance of learning” 。
答案：Our rural primary school is made of stones, with wooden windows and clay floors.
解析：參考 “My secondary school is a bush school. The classrooms are made of bamboo, with clay floors and roofs of grass.” 的結(jié)構(gòu)，“我們的鄉(xiāng)村小學(xué)” 翻譯為 “Our rural primary school”；“是用石頭建造的” 翻譯為 “is made of stones”；“有木制的窗戶和泥土地面” 用 “with wooden windows and clay floors”，使用 with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)描述學(xué)校特征 。
答案：He found that he had two hobbies, one for painting, the other for photography.
解析：依據(jù) “As you grow older, you will discover that you have two hands, one for helping yourself, the other for helping others.” 的結(jié)構(gòu)，“他發(fā)現(xiàn)” 翻譯為 “He found that”，that 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句；“自己有兩種愛(ài)好” 翻譯為 “he had two hobbies”；“一種是繪畫，另一種是攝影” 翻譯為 “one for painting, the other for photography”，對(duì) “two hobbies” 進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明 。

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