資源簡介 Unit 2 Home sweet home 知識梳理2025-2026學年八年級英語上冊新課標(核心素養)同步大師課堂(重點單詞與詞語) (知識點一)一、重點單詞1.pack v. 打包;收拾2.bathroom n. 浴室;洗手間3.bedroom n. 臥室4.invite v. 邀請5.arrival n. 到達6.yet adv. (用于否定句和疑問句)還7.but conj. 但是8.add v. 添加;加9.biscuit n. 餅干10.borrow v. 借11.plan v. 策劃;打算 n. 計劃;方案12.treasure n. 寶物;財富 v. 珍視13.hunt v.&n. 搜尋;狩獵14.lift n. 搭便車;電梯 v. 舉起;抬起15.until prep. 到……時;直到……為止16.movie n. 電影17.dead adj. 不運行的;死的18.note n. 筆記;記錄;便條 v. 注意;指出munity n. 社區;社團20.rubbish n. 垃圾21.almost adv. 差不多;幾乎22.journey n. 旅行;歷程 v. 旅行23.pull v.&n. 拉;拖;拽24.familiar adj. 熟悉的25.joke n. 笑話 v. 開玩笑26.several pron. 幾個;一些27.nod v.&n. 點(頭)28.writer n. 作者29.text n. 正文;文本 v. (用手機給某人)發短信30.describe v. 描述;形容31.wherever adv.&conj. 無論去哪里;在任何地方32.matter v. 要緊 n. 問題33.perhaps adv. 也許;可能34.plate n. 盤子;碟子35.freshly adv. 剛剛36.smell v. 發臭;聞到 n. 氣味;臭味37.joy n. 喜悅;樂趣38.apartment n. 房間;公寓套房39.block n. 大樓;街區;大塊 v. 阻擋;堵塞40.cover v. 遮蓋;包括 n. 遮蓋物;封皮41.scissors n. (pl.)剪刀42.glue n. 膠水 v. 粘貼二、重點短語1.*pack up 打包2.sweep the floor 打掃地板3.clean the bathroom 清潔浴室4.feed the fish 喂魚5.*hang up 掛起;掛斷電話6.water plants 給植物澆水7.hang out 出去閑逛8.sort thing into boxes 把物品分類放進盒子9.grow flowers 種花10.invite sb. to... 邀請某人去(某地)11.keep fish 養魚12.*living room 客廳13.have to 不得不,必須14.Guess what! 你猜怎么著!15.can’t wait to do 迫不及待做某事16.show sb. sth. 向某人展示某物17.bought sth. for sb. 買某物給某人18.in front of 在...前面19.no problem 沒問題20.by the window 在窗戶旁邊21.make sb. feel at home 使某人感到賓至如歸22.*add sth to sth 把...加入...23.*go shopping 去購物24.a chess set 棋具25.*treasure hunt 尋寶游戲26.*give sb a lift/ride 開車順便送某人27.work from home 居家工作28.all day 一整天29.Here you are. 給你。30.at once 立刻,馬上31.go to the toilet 上廁所32.of course 當然33.*be careful with 注意;當心34.*the movies 電影院;電影產業35.*take notes 做筆記36.*clean up 清掃(重點句型) (知識點二)Could you please pack up things now 你能現在收拾東西嗎?My mom waters the plants every morning. 我媽媽每天早晨給植物澆水。I can clean my room and help cook dinner! 我可以打掃房間,還能幫忙做飯!Could you please give me a lift to the shop this afternoon 請你今天下午順便送我去商店,可以嗎?5. Can you put the flowers by the window 你能把這些花放在窗戶旁邊嗎?6. Could you please sweep the floor 你能掃一下地嗎?7. —Can you help me hang up the photos —你能幫我掛照片嗎?—Sure./ No problem! —當然/沒問題!8.—Mr Lake, could I go to the toilet —萊克老師,我能去廁所嗎?—Of course you can. —當然可以。9.—Could I use your computer —能用一下你的電腦嗎?—Yes, if you are careful with it. —可以,只要你小心使用。10.—Can I stay out until eleven —我能待到11點再回家嗎?—No, you can't. You have a basketball game tomorrow. You need a good rest.(重點語法)—不行,你明天有籃球賽,需要好好休息。(知識點三)情態動詞用法1、情態動詞的基本用法1)情態動詞是表示情感態度的動詞,不能單獨作謂語,而是后接實義動詞或系動詞的動詞原形構成謂語。He can basketball. (×)He can play basketball. (√)2)情態動詞一般沒有人稱和數的變化。They can help us.She can help us too.3)少數情態動詞有時態變化,如can過去式為could,may過去式為might。The boy could play soccer when he was five.4)情態動詞用作助動詞,可以構成否定句,疑問句或簡明答語。He can’t play the piano.—Can you help me take out the rubbish.—Sorry, I can’t. I’m busy with my homework.5)常見情態動詞①should:“應該”,表示責任或義務。也可以用于建議。Students should keep the classroom clean.You should wear more clothes. It’s so cold today.②must:“必須”。強調說話人的主觀看法。否定的mustn’t表示“禁止,一定不能”。We must leave at once.You mustn’t take photos here.③may/might:“也許,可能”,表示推測;也能表示請求允許。We may leave on Tuesday.May I park my car here ④have to:“不得不,必須”。強調客觀需要。have to有時態和人稱變化。否定形式don’t have to表示“不必,沒有必要”。They had to get up early.You don’t have to finish it now.⑤had better:“最好...”,用于提建議。You’d better not eat too much candy.2、含情態動詞的各種句式1)陳述句:主語+情態動詞(+not)+實義動詞或系動詞原形+其他.肯定句變否定句,在情態動詞后加not。I can speak French well.I can’t speak French well.2)一般疑問句:情態動詞(+not)+主語+實義動詞或系動詞原形+其他?陳述句變一般疑問句時,將情態動詞提至句首。Alice can help to pack up the clothes.Can Alice help to pack up the clothes 3)特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+情態動詞(+not)+主語+實義動詞或系動詞原形+其他?What can you do to make your mum smile Why can’t you go now 情態動詞can/could用法1、表示請求①can和could都可以表示請求允許,could比can語氣更加委婉。②常用問句:請求問句:Can/Could+主語+動詞原型+其他?肯定回答:Yes, you can. (是的,你可以)Sure. / Certainly. / Of course. 當然(可以)。No problem. (沒問題)否定回答:No, you can’t.(不,你不可以)I’m afraid you can’t. (恐怕你不可以)Sorry, you have to... (抱歉,你得...)—Can you help me wash the car (請求允許)—Yes, of course you can.(給予許可)—Can we eat out tonight —Sorry, we can’t. (抱歉,不可以)—Could I buy some flowers —Of course you can.(對于could提出的請求允許,回答時也要用can)2、表示許可①can和could都可以表示給予許可,could比can語氣更加委婉。②常用句型:主語+can/could+動詞原型+其他?You can play basketball on weekend.You can’t play the guitar after 11 p.m..3、表示能力①can可以表示能力,只能用于一般現在時。注意:can與be able to都可以表示能力,can只能用于一般現在時,但be able to可以用于各種時態。The girl can jump high.The boys was able to play volleyball when he was 6 six years old.②在過去時中表示能力要用could。4、表示推測①can表示推測,常用于否定句和疑問句中。 can’t意為“不可能”。can用于肯定句推測時,常譯作“有時會”。It can’t be Mary’s. She doesn’t like blue.Can the news true Cats can be scary. (貓有的時候很嚇人)②could可以用于肯定句、否定句和疑問句等各種句式,表示推測時可能性比 can 小,常意為“也許、可能”。It could be Jane’s. She likes to wear green coat.5、提出建議①can可以用來提出建議或提供某種可能性。You can go fishing or play badminton on Sunday afternoons.②could比直接用 can 更加委婉。(重點知識)Maybe we could see a film tomorrow.(知識點四)1、pack up things 收拾東西“pack”有多種詞性和用法,以下是一些常見的情況:1)作動詞①表示“收拾(行李);打包”:I need to pack my bags for the trip.我需要為旅行收拾行李。②表示“將……裝入(箱、盒等)”:Pack the books into the box.把書裝進盒子里。2)作名詞;意為“包;捆;背包”:He carried a pack on his back.他背著一個背包。【常用短語】pack up:意為“把……打包;收拾行李”。It's time to pack up and go home.是時候收拾東西回家了。2、feed the fish喂魚“feed”的用法如下:1)作動詞①表示“喂養;飼養”:She feeds the cat every day.她每天喂貓。②表示“為……提供食物;養活”:The farmer feeds his family by growing crops.農民靠種莊稼養活家人。2)作名詞;意為“飼料;食物”:The pigs are eating the feed.(豬在吃飼料。)【常用短語】 feed on:表示“以……為食”。Cows feed on grass.奶牛以草為食。3、hang up photos掛上照片“hang”作動詞講①表示“懸掛;吊”:She hung the picture on the wall.她把畫掛在墻上。②表示“絞死;吊死”:The criminal was hung for his crimes.這個罪犯因犯罪被絞死了。注意:當表示“絞死;吊死”時,其過去式是“hanged”;當表示“懸掛;吊”等其他意思時,過去式是“hung”。【常用短語】hang out:意為“閑逛;逗留”hang up:表示“掛斷電話;懸掛起來”hang on:有“堅持;不掛斷(電話);緊緊抓住”等意思。4、invite friends to the new house 邀請朋友到新房子invite 作動詞講,“邀請”,其用法如下①invite sb to +地點 邀請某人到某地I want to invite Tom to my party.我想邀請Tom到我的派對。②invite sb to do sth 邀請某人干某事She invited me to attend her birthday party.她邀請我參加她的生日派對【拓展】invite的名詞invitation “邀請函”5、Would you like to mop the floor or clean the windows 你想拖地還是擦窗戶?1)would like的基本用法①would like sth 想要某物I would like some apples我想要一些蘋果②would like to do sh想要/愿意做某事My parents would like to meet you.我父母想見見你。③would like sb. to dosh想要某人做某事I'd like you to join us 我想讓你加入我們。2)would like的疑問句及其回答①Would you like a/an/some... 你想要......嗎? 肯定回答:Yes, please. 否定回答:No, thanks.②Would you like to do... 你想/愿意做......嗎? 肯定回答:Yes/Sure,I'd like/love to. 否定回答:Sorry/I'd love to, but...6、I can’t wait to show them our new house.我迫不及待地想向他們展示我們的新房子。1)wait 意思是“等候、等待”①wait for sb./sth.表示“等待某人/某物”。I'm waiting for my friend at the school gate.我正在學校門口等我的朋友。②wait to do sth.:意為“等著做某事”。They are waiting to have a meeting.他們在等著開會。③wait one's turn:表示“等待輪到某人”。We should wait our turn when we queue up for the bus.我們排隊等公交車時應該等待輪到自己。④wait a moment:意為“等一會兒”。Wait a moment, please. I have something important to tell you.請等一會兒,我有重要的事情要告訴你。⑤can't wait to do sth.:表示“迫不及待地做某事”。The children can't wait to open their presents.孩子們迫不及待地想打開他們的禮物。2)show意思是“展示;顯示”①show sth. to sb. 或 show sb. sth.:意為“給某人看某物”。She showed her new dress to her mother. = She showed her mother her new dress.她給她媽媽看她的新裙子。②show sb. around:表示“帶領某人參觀”。The guide showed us around the museum.導游帶領我們參觀博物館。③show off:意為“炫耀”。He always shows off his knowledge in class.他總是在課堂上炫耀他的知識。【拓展】作名詞;意為“演出;節目”。構成短語“on show”,表示“在展覽中”。7、...but now we need to get ready for their arrival.但現在我們需要為他們的到來做好準備。arrival n. 到達;常與介詞“at”或“in”搭配,“arrival at”后接小地點,“arrival in”后接大地點。The train's arrival at the station was delayed.火車到達車站晚點了。His arrival in Beijing was greeted with great excitement.他抵達北京時人們激動萬分。【拓展】arrival的動詞是arrive .8、But their room is already clean! Well, it’s not “grandma clean” yet.但是他們的房間已經很干凈了!不過,還沒有達到“奶奶級別的干凈”。yet & already①already:意為“已經”,強調動作已經完成,通常用于肯定句,一般放在助動詞之后、實義動詞之前。I have already finished my homework.我已經完成了我的作業。②yet:意為“還;尚;仍然”,用于否定句和疑問句,通常放在句末。在否定句中,表示動作尚未發生;在疑問句中,用于詢問動作是否已經發生。He hasn't come back yet.他還沒有回來。Has she arrived yet 她到了嗎?9、Can I put some flowers by the window 我可以把一些花放在窗邊嗎?by用法:作為介詞,有多種含義。①“表示交通方式;通常用于“by+交通工具”結構中,表示“乘坐某種交通工具”I go to school by bus.我坐公交車去上學。②“在……旁邊”sit by the window坐在窗戶旁邊③還能用于被動語態中,引出動作的執行者,The book was written by him.這本書是他寫的。④ 表示方式、手段;意為“通過;靠;用”,后接名詞、代詞或動名詞。I learn English by listening to English songs.我通過聽英文歌學習英語。常見搭配:by the way(順便說一下);by oneself(獨自);by the time(到……時候)。10、make grandparents feel at home讓祖父母感到賓至如歸make sb feel at home讓某人感到賓至如歸【拓展】make的用法主要有以下幾種:①make + 賓語 + 形容詞:意為“使……處于某種狀態”。The news made her happy.這個消息使她很高興。②make + 賓語 + 省略to的不定式:表示“使某人做某事”。My mother makes me clean my room.我媽媽讓我打掃我的房間。【固定搭配】make a decision:意為“做決定”make friends (with):表示“(和……)交朋友”make mistakes:意為“犯錯誤”。make up:有“編造;組成;化妝”等意思。【注意】表示“制作;制造”The workers make cars in the factory.工人們在工廠制造汽車。11、add things to their room 給他們房間添加物品①add表示“添加;增加”常與介詞to搭配,構成“add...to...”結構,意為“把……加到……上”。Add some sugar to the coffee.(在咖啡里加些糖。②表示“補充說;又說”“I'm very tired,” she added.“我很累,”她補充說道。【固定搭配】①“add up”表示“把……加起來”。Add up all the numbers and tell me the result.把所有的數字加起來,然后告訴我結果。②“add up to”意為“總計達;總共是”。The bills add up to $100.這些賬單總計達100美元。12、plan a treasure hunt策劃一次尋寶活動1)plan作動詞講;計劃(后接不定式或名詞);plan to do sthWe are planning to visit the museum next weekend.我們計劃下周末去參觀博物館。2)plan作名詞講;計劃【詞組】make a plan 制定計劃;plan for sth ……的計劃13、Helen, can I borrow your chess set 海倫,我可以借用你的棋盤嗎?borrow動詞:借入,【辨析】borrow, lend和keep的區別borrow, lend和keep都與“借”有關,但在用法上存在區別:①borrow:意為“借入”,表示從別人那里借來東西,常用搭配為“borrow sth. from sb.”。I borrowed a book from the library.我從圖書館借了一本書。②lend:意為“借出”,是把自己的東西借給別人,常用搭配為“lend sth. to sb.”或“lend sb. sth.”。He lent his bike to me. = He lent me his bike.他把自行車借給了我。③keep:意為“保存;保留”,用于表示借東西的時間長度,常與一段時間連用。You can keep the book for two weeks.這本書你可以借兩周。14、Can I stay out until eleven 我可以在外面待到十一點嗎?until(后接時間點或從句) 直到……為止1)作介詞;表示“直到……為止”,后接時間點。He waited until 5 o'clock.他一直等到5點。2)作連詞①引導時間狀語從句,從句中的動詞如果是短暫性動詞,要用否定形式,即“not...until...”,表示“直到……才……”。He didn't leave until his mother came back.直到他媽媽回來,他才離開。②若從句中的動詞是延續性動詞,則用肯定形式,此時until表示“直到……為止”。I will stay here until you come back.我會一直待在這里,直到你回來。15、You want to call your parents, but your phone is dead.你想給父母打電話,但手機沒電了。dead形容詞,意為“不運行的,死的,無生命的”。表示“死的;失去生命的”,常用來描述人、動物或植物等。The tree is dead.這棵樹死了。【拓展】①“death”是名詞,意為“死亡”。His death made us very sad.他的去世讓我們非常難過。②“die”是動詞,意為“死;去世”,強調動作。My pet dog died last week.我的寵物狗上周死了。16、You are holding a large box.你手里拿著一個大箱子。hold為動詞,①表示“拿著;握住”Hold the book in your left hand.用你的左手拿著這本書。②意為“舉辦;舉行”We will hold a sports meeting next week.我們下周將舉辦一場運動會。③表示“容納;包含”This box can hold many things.這個盒子能容納很多東西。【常見搭配】hold on(等一下;堅持);hold up(舉起;阻擋)。17、Ask your classmates to bring gloves and rubbish bags.請同學們帶手套和垃圾袋。①ask表示“詢問;打聽”可接雙賓語,即“ask sb. sth.”結構,問某人某東西。She asked him a question.她問了他一個問題。②ask意為“請求;要求”,用于“ask sb. to do sth.”結構,意為“要求某人做某事”,其否定形式是ask sb not to do sth(要求某人不要做某事)。“ask for”表示“請求;要求得到”。My mother asks me to clean my room.我媽媽要求我打掃我的房間。He asked for help.他請求幫助。③ask表示“邀請”They asked us to their party.他們邀請我們參加他們的聚會。18、We got up very early in the morning to catch the train.我們一大早就起床去趕火車。catch①表示“抓住;接住”Catch the ball! 接住球!②意為“趕上(車、船等)”You should get up early to catch the early bus.你應該早起趕上早班車。③表示“染上(疾病);感染”He caught a cold last week.他上周感冒了。【固定搭配】①用于“catch sb. doing sth.”結構,意為“發現某人正在做某事”。The teacher caught him sleeping in class.老師發現他在課堂上睡覺。②“catch up with”表示“趕上;追上”。I have to work hard to catch up with my classmates.我必須努力學習以趕上我的同學們。19、At the end of the road, I saw Grandpa and my little cousin standing in the cold wind waiting for us.在路的盡頭,我看到爺爺和我的小表弟站在寒風中等我們。1)at the end of 在……末尾/盡頭(時間或地點)。There is a bookstore at the end of the street.在街道的盡頭有一家書店。【拓展】與end有關的詞組①in the end:最后,終于。②by the end of:到……結束時,到……為止。③end up:最終成為,最后處于。這里end為動詞,意思是結束;end up后接名詞或動名詞。2)see sb. doing 看見某人正在做某事(所描述的動作處于正在進行的狀態。)。I saw him reading a book when I came in.我進來時看到他正在讀書,強調在我進來這個時間點,他正在進行讀書這個動作。see sb do sth 看見某人做了某事(強調看到動作的全過程)I saw him cross the road.我看到他過了馬路,強調看到他過馬路這個完整的過程。20、In the text, what words are used to describe people’s feelings 在這段文章中,哪些詞語用來描述人們的情感?1)be used to do 被用來做某事(被動語態)。【拓展】關于use的用法①作動詞:意為“使用;利用”,還表示“耗費;消耗”。I use a pen to write.我用鋼筆寫字。The car uses a lot of petrol.這輛車很費油。②作名詞:表示“使用;用途”,也可表示“用處;益處”The use of this tool is very simple.這個工具的使用方法很簡單。What's the use of crying 哭有什么用呢?【固定搭配】①be used to do sth:被用來做某事,相當于be used for doing sth.Wood is used to make tables.木頭被用來制作桌子。②be used to doing sth:習慣于做某事;He is used to getting up early.他習慣于早起。③ used to do sth:過去常常做某事。She used to go to school on foot.她過去常常步行去上學。④make use of:利用。We should make good use of our time.我們應該充分利用我們的時間。2)describe 動詞,描述。搭配:describe sth. to sb.(向某人描述某物)。Can you describe what the thief looked like 你能描述一下小偷長什么樣子嗎?【拓展】describe的名詞description。21、No matter how long I’m away, home is always glad to see me again.無論我離開多久,家總是歡迎我回來。1)no matter 無論……(引導讓步狀語從句)。結構:no matter + 疑問詞(what/when/where/how)= 疑問詞 + everNo matter where you go, I will find you. =Wherever you go, I will find you.無論你去哪里,我都會找到你。2)be glad to do 很高興做某事。I'm glad to help you with your homework.我很高興在作業方面幫助你。22、something important or with a high price重要或價格昂貴的東西price名詞,價格。①詢問價格句型:What's the price of...?=How much is/are... What's the price of this computer 這臺電腦的價格是多少?How much is this dress 這條裙子多少錢?②描述價格高低句型:The price of... is high/low.= ... is/are expensive/cheap.The price of the house is high.這房子的價格很高。These shoes are expensive.這些鞋子很貴。③表示以某種價格購買或出售句型:buy/sell... at a price of...He bought the book at a price of 20 yuan.他以20元的價格買了這本書。23、Could you please take out the rubbish It’s starting to smell.你能把垃圾拿出去嗎?已經開始有發臭了。1)smell作動詞①表示嗅覺動作:意為“嗅;聞”。She smelled the flower carefully.她仔細地聞了聞這朵花。②表示氣味特征:可作系動詞,意為“聞起來”,后接形容詞作表語。The food smells delicious.這食物聞起來很美味。2)作名詞表示氣味:是可數名詞。There is a strange smell in the room.房間里有一股奇怪的氣味。24、We want to cover the animals and paint the walls light green.我們想給動物們蓋上東西,并把墻壁涂成淺綠色。1、cover v. 覆蓋;包括 ;n. 覆蓋物;封皮1)作動詞①覆蓋:Snow covered the ground.雪覆蓋了地面。②涉及,包含:The course covers a wide range of topics.這門課程涉及廣泛的主題。2)作名詞①封面,封皮:The cover of the book is very attractive.這本書的封面很吸引人。②掩護物,遮蓋物:They took cover behind a wall.他們在墻后躲避。【拓展】固定詞組①cover A with B 用B覆蓋A的上面Please cover the table with this cloth.請用這塊布覆蓋在桌子上面。②be covered with 被......覆蓋The mountain was covered with white snow.山上被覆蓋著潔白的雪。2、light① 名詞:光;光線;光亮:The light in the room is very bright.房間里的光線非常明亮。燈:There are many lights on the street. 街上有很多燈。② 形容詞:明亮的:The room is light and airy. 房間明亮又通風。淺色的;淡色的:She likes to wear light - colored clothes.(她喜歡穿淺色的衣服。)③ 動詞:點燃;使燃燒過去式和過去分詞是 “lit” 或 “lighted”。:He lit a candle. 他點燃了一支蠟燭。照亮;使發光:The sun lights the earth. 太陽照亮了地球。 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫