資源簡介

Unit 2 Exploring English
明晰目標——構建單元體系
［核心單詞］
title sculpt opposing behavior
confusing unique alarm reflect creativity
visible creative type unfamiliar contact
organization likely context addition resource
misadventure remind rather comment entrance
section exit actually downstairs odd
negative positive error intend informal
recognise base aware
［重點短語］ in one's free time, speaking of, wonder at, burn up, burn down, fill in/out, wind up, come across, play safe, have a frog in one's throat, look forward to, be aware of
［重點句型］1.have trouble （in） doing sth.
2.That/This is why...
3.not only 置于句首引起部分倒裝
［單元語法］構詞法
［寫作任務］故事類記敘文
主題引領——話題語基培優
［Learning content］
translation n. 翻譯
dialect n.方言
vocabulary n.詞匯
grammar n.語法
proverb n.諺語
idiom n.成語，習語
spelling n.拼寫
pronunciation n.發音
accent n.口音
oral/spoken English 英語口語
［Learning process］
recite v.背誦
practise v.練習
communicate with... 與……交流
refer to/consult the dictionary 查詞典
keep an English journal/diary 寫英文日記
look up words in the dictionary 在詞典里查單詞
watch English movies/TV series 看英文電影/電視劇
［Reasons］
cultural differences 文化差異
combination of different cultures 不同文化的融合
change with times 隨時代而改變
spread by international trade 通過國際貿易傳播
the needs of communication and education
交流和教育的需要
be influenced by immigration 受移民的影響
［Learning results］
improve v.提高
effective adj.有效的；起作用的
master vt.精通；掌握
be fluent in... ……流利
enlarge your vocabulary 擴大你的詞匯量
話題佳句
1.There is no denying that English is of great importance, which can not only help us communicate with foreigners, but also offer an opportunity to learn from them. 不可否認，英語是非常重要的，它不僅可以幫助我們與外國人交流，而且可以提供一個向他們學習的機會。
2.Learning any language takes a lot of effort, but don't give up. Only by enthusiasm and perseverance can we have a good command of language.
學習任何語言都需要付出很多努力，但不要放棄。只有靠熱情和毅力我們才能精通一門語言。
3.Learning a new language gives you access to many different cultures across the world.
學習一門新語言讓你有機會接觸到世界各地許多不同的文化。
Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
〈教材助讀+語基默寫〉見分冊本
精讀課文 語篇理解
Activity 1 Reading for Main Idea
What does the passage mainly talk about
A. Sharing the difficulty in learning different English words well.
B. Instructing how to spell difficult English words correctly.
C. Analyzing the reasons for inventing the English language.
D. Showing how interesting and creative the English language is.
[答案]D
Activity 2 Structure and Clues
[答案]crazy； word； phrase； creativity
Activity 3 Reading for Details
1．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A. To show English is interesting and creative.
B. To tell us English is difficult to learn.
C. To direct our attention to the word formation.
D. To lead to the topic of discussion.
[答案]D
2．Why does the author say “English was invented by people”？
A. Because the English words show everything around us.
B. Because the English language helps us communicate with others.
C. Because the English language proves how creative human being is.
D. Because the English words are unique in the world.
[答案]C
3．What do we know from the last paragraph
A. English words always have the same meanings.
B. English words can't always describe what we feel.
C. English words sometimes confuse us.
D. English words can mean differently in different situations.
[答案]D
4．How does the author develop the passage
A. By providing examples.
B. By making comparisons.
C. By following the way of spelling.
D. By following the order of importance.
[答案]A
Activity 4 Structural Analysis
1．While we're doing all this traveling, we can get seasick at sea, airsick in the air and carsick in a car, but we don't get homesick when we get back home.（Para.2）
［分析］本句中While和when均引導_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 從句；but為_ _ 連詞，連接兩個分句。
［翻譯］ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]時間狀語； 并列； 旅游期間，我們可能會在海（sea）上暈船（seasick）、在空（air）中暈機（airsick）、在汽車（car）上暈車（carsick），但回到家（home）時不會暈家（homesick的實際意思為“想家的”）。
2．You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down, in which you fill in a form by filling it out, and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off!（Para.6）
［分析］ 本句中三個“in which”引導并列的定語從句，修飾先行詞a language；其中as引導_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 從句，once引導_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 從句。
［翻譯］ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]時間狀語； 時間狀語； 你也一定對一門語言獨特的瘋狂感到詫異。在這門語言中，一座房子burn down（燒毀）時，它就burn up（燒毀）了；你通過fill out（填寫）一張表格來fill in（填寫）它；鬧鐘只有在go off（有“發出巨響”之意，還有“離開；停止運轉”之意）時才被聽到！
Activity 5 Grammar Filling for the passage
Why do people have trouble 1. （learn） English I hadn't asked myself that until one day my son asked me 2. there was ham in a hamburger, which got me 3. （think） how English can be a crazy language to learn.
There are many words that can be 4. （confuse） and also can make us wonder 5. the unique madness of English. For example, we can sculpt a sculpture and paint a 6. （paint）, but we take a photo. “Hard” and “soft” are opposite in meaning, 7. “hardly” and “softly” aren't. And do you read the capitalized “WHO” in a medical report as the “who” in “Who's that？” All the examples tell us that English 8. （invent） by people and it 9. （reflect） the creativity of the human race.
That's 10. when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible.
[答案]
1．learning
2．whether
3．thinking
4．confusing
5．at
6．painting
7．but
8．was invented
9．reflects
10．why
Activity 6 Discussion
1．What attitude should we have towards learning English
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]We should have a positive attitude towards learning English because a language is not only a tool for communication but also a window into a country. We can learn more about a country through language learning.
2．What do you think is the most important in learning English
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]I think the most important is to use what we learned in class. In our daily life,we should try our best to express ourselves in English as much as possible. Only when we speak it out loud can we have a good command of it and can we become more and more confident.
自查語基 知能落實
Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯·識記
選出與單詞對應的漢語釋義
A.茄子
B.大寫的
C.松樹
D.暈車的
E.菠蘿
F.暈船的
G.暈機的
H.火腿
I.想家的
1．pine n.
2．pineapple n.
3．ham n.
4．eggplant n.
5．seasick adj.
6．airsick adj.
7．carsick adj.
8．homesick adj.
9．capitalized adj.
[答案]
1．C
2．E
3．H
4．A
5．F
6．G
7．D
8．I
9．B
Ⅱ.核心詞匯·練通
根據語境及漢語提示寫出正確的單詞
1．look through the _ _ _ _ of the article 瀏覽文章的標題
[答案]title
2．speak with a _ _ _ _ _ _ accent 用獨特的口音說話
[答案]unique
3．set the _ _ _ _ for 6 o'clock 把鬧鐘定在6點鐘
[答案]alarm
Ⅲ.拓展詞匯·用活
根據提示寫出相應的單詞
1．_ _ _ _ _ _ v.雕刻,雕塑→sculpture n.雕像,雕刻品,雕塑作品
[答案]sculpt
2．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ adj.（觀點、意見等）相反的，相對立的→oppose v.反對；抵制→opposite n.對立的人（或物）；對立面adj.相反的；對立的prep.與……相對；在……對面adv.在對面，對過
[答案]opposing
3．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ n.舉止，行為→behave v.表現，舉止
[答案]behavior
4．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ adj.令人困惑的→confuse vt.使困惑 →confused adj.感到困惑的→confusion n.困惑
[答案]confusing
5．_ _ _ _ _ _ v.顯示，反映；反射；思考→reflection n.反映；反射；映像；思考
[答案]reflect
6．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ n.創造性，創造力→create vt.創造；創作；造成→creative adj.創造（性）的→creation n.創造；創作；作品
[答案]creativity
7．_ _ _ _ _ _ adj.看得見的，可見的→（反義詞）invisible adj.看不見的；無形的
[答案]visible
Ⅳ.重點短語·再現
根據語境及漢語提示填入合適的短語
1．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （在我的空閑時間）, I often go to the playground to play basketball.
[答案]In my free time
2．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （談到） my bicycle, I really enjoy the feeling of freedom it gives me when I cycle through the open countryside.
[答案]Speaking of
3．We all _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （對……感到詫異） the progress you have made in your English learning.
[答案]wonder at
4．The fire department arrived on the scene quickly and managed to contain the fire before it _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （燒毀） the entire building.
[答案]burned down
5．When I went to the bank, I was required to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （填寫） a form for opening a new account.
[答案]fill in/out
6．Mark wanted to _ _ _ _ _ _ （結束）the meeting as quickly as possible because he had a plane to catch.
[答案]wind up
Ⅴ.重點句型·呈現
根據課文語境及漢語提示補全句子
1．“have trouble （in） doing sth.”意為“做某事有困難”
Have you ever asked yourself why people often _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （在學習英語方面有困難）？（Para.1）
[答案]have trouble learning English
2．“neither...nor...”意為“既不……也不……”
This made me realize that there's no egg in eggplant either._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ［pineapple（菠蘿）里既沒有pine（松樹）也沒有apple（蘋果）］.（Para.1）
[答案]Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple
3．get+賓語+賓語補足語
This _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （讓我開始思考） how English can be a crazy language to learn.（Para.1）
[答案]got me thinking
4．“That/This is why...”意為“那/這就是為什么……”
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （那就是為什么） when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible.（Para.7）
[答案]That is why
創意課堂 點面突破
1 opposing adj.（觀點、意見等）相反的，相對立的
【經典例句】（教材P19） If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”， why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing pair？ 如果“hard （堅硬的）”是“soft （柔軟的）”的反義詞，那為什么“hardly （幾乎不）”和“softly （柔軟地）”卻不是一對反義詞呢？
（1）opposite n. 對立的人（或物）；對立面 adj.相反的；對面的 be opposite to在……對面；與……相反 just the opposite恰恰相反 （2）oppose v.反對；抵制 oppose （doing） sth.反對（做）某事 （3）opposed adj.反對的；敵對的 be opposed to （doing） sth. 反對（做）某事
【單句語法填空/語段填空/完成句子】
（1） My sister opposed _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （organize） a party for my 18th birthday. Instead, she suggested going on a picnic.
（2） The twins have _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ attitudes towards life. Thus, one is living happily and the other is just the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .（oppose）
（3） 很多人反對我的計劃，所以我不得不放棄它，這讓我很傷心。
Many people _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ， so I have to give it up， which makes me upset.［讀后續寫之情緒描寫］
[答案]
（1） organizing
（2） opposing；opposite
（3） are opposed to/oppose my plan
2 confusing adj.令人困惑的；令人混淆的
【經典例句】（教材P20）Even the smallest words can be confusing.
即使最簡單的單詞也可能令人困惑。
（1）confuse vt. 使困惑；混淆 confuse...and/with...把……和……混淆 （2）confusion n.困惑；混淆 in confusion困惑地；混亂地 （3）confused adj.感到困惑的 be confused about sth.對某事感到困惑
【單句語法填空/完成句子】
（1） I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （confuse）.
（2） （人教必修一U1）Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge. The first week was a little _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （confuse）.
（3） I was aware that this question made me _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and I just stood there in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , not knowing what to do next.（confuse）
（4） 了解到你對中國的風俗習慣感到困惑，我寫信告訴你一些細節。
Learning that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ， I am writing to inform you of some details.［應用文寫作之告知信］
[答案]
（1） confused
（2） confusing
（3） confused；confusion
（4） you are confused about the Chinese customs
v.-ing形式的形容詞往往表示事物的性質和特征,意為“……的、令人……的”；v.-ed形式的形容詞往往表示人所處的狀態,意為“感到……的”。此外,修飾face、look、expression、voice等時,常用v.-ed形式的形容詞。
3 reflect v.顯示,反映；反射（光、熱或聲音）；思考
【經典例句】（教材P20）English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects the creativity of the human race.
英語是由人而不是電腦發明的，它反映了人類的創造力。
（1）reflect on/upon...仔細考慮/沉思/反省…… （2）reflection n.反映；反射；映像；思考 on/upon reflection經再三思考
【單句語法填空/完成句子】
（1） A city is the product of the human hand and mind, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （reflect） man's intelligence and creativity.
（2） （譯林必修一U3）As we walk the “path of life”， we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts, for quiet periods of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （reflect） can lead to personal improvement.
（3） 不要害怕錯誤和失敗，你必須通過反思它們來提高自己。
Don't be afraid of mistakes and failures；you have to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .［應用文寫作之建議信］
[答案]
（1） reflecting
（2） reflection
（3） improve yourself by reflecting on/upon them
4 “have trouble （in） doing sth.”意為“做某事有困難”
【經典例句】（教材P19）Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English？ 你是否曾經問過自己為什么人們常常在學習英語方面有困難？
（1）“have trouble （in） doing sth.”中的in可省略,trouble 為不可數名詞,其前可用some、any、no、little等詞來修飾。 （2）類似的結構還有：
【單句語法填空/完成句子】
（1） You can't imagine what great trouble we will have _ _ _ _ _ _ （solve） the problem being discussed at the moment.
（2） 有些學生在語法方面有些困難，而其他學生在組織文章方面有困難，所以我寫信邀請您給我們做一個關于英語寫作的在線演講。
Some students _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ grammar while other students _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ an essay, so I'm writing to invite you to give us an online talk on English writing.［應用文寫作之邀請信］
[答案]
（1） solving
（2） have some trouble with；have trouble （in） organizing
在語法填空中,常將“have trouble （in） doing sth.”中的trouble提前作先行詞,因此定語從句中have后常為 doing形式。
5 “That/This is why...”意為“那/這就是為什么……”
【經典例句】（教材P20）That is why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible.
那就是為什么星星out（出來）時,它們可以被看到,但是當燈out（熄滅）后,它們不能被看到。
“That is why...”中的why引導表語從句，表示結果。 （1）“That/This/It is because...”意為“那/這是因為……”，其中because引導表語從句，表示原因； （2）“The reason why...is/was that...”意為“……的原因是……”，其中why引導定語從句，并在從句中作狀語；that引導表語從句，表示原因。
【單句語法填空/完成句子】
（1） [（2024·全國甲卷）]Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future. That's _ _ most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats.
（2） This was not an easy task. The reason _ _ this was difficult was that the team had limited resources.
（3） 眾所周知，閱讀經典作品對我們來說非常重要。這是因為它不僅能提高我們的學業水平，而且能豐富我們的日常生活。
As we all know，reading classics is of great importance to us._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ［應用文寫作之演講稿］
[答案]
（1） why
（2） why
（3） This is because it can not only improve our studies but also enrich our everyday life.
課堂微練 即時檢驗
Ⅰ.品句填詞
1．You can't change people around you, but you can change your own attitude and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （舉止） in daily life.
[答案]behavior
2．John has a _ _ _ _ _ _ （獨特的） way to get across his opinion by using as few words as possible， which makes him stand out.
[答案]unique
3．That fashion differs from country to country may _ _ _ _ _ _ （反映） the cultural differences from one aspect.
[答案]reflect
4．His academic performance has been very good, but this time he failed, which is very _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （令人困惑的）.
[答案]confusing
5．The water in the lake near our apartment is so clear that even the fish in it are v_ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]isible
6．Our English teacher told us to write a short composition with the t_ _ of “My Most Admired Person”, giving a description of the person's achievements.
[答案]itle
7．Set your a_ _ clock an hour early and push yourself to work out!
[答案]larm
8．The s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , which was created by a famous sculptor, is displayed in the center of the museum.
[答案]culpture
Ⅱ.詞塊運用
1．Make sure you _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （填寫） the form completely, or they may reject your application.
[答案]fill in/out
2．If you forget to turn off the gas when you are out，you might _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （燒毀） the house.
[答案]burn down
3．The chairman _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （結束） his speech with a famous saying, “The only thing we can do is do our best and not worry about the future.”
[答案]wound up
4．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （說到） music, I really enjoy listening to classical music， because it offers a sense of calm.
[答案]Speaking of
5．I often play football with my classmates _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （在我的空閑時間） to relax myself.
[答案]in my free time
Ⅲ.根據漢語提示并使用本部分句式結構完成下面的小短文
1. ［得知你在學習英語方面有困難；have trouble （in） doing sth.］， I'm writing to give you some suggestions. While we are learning English，we are always confused about the words or the grammar. Actually，2. （這就是大多數學生認為英語很難學的原因；this is why...）.However，3. （實際上生詞和語法都不難學；neither...nor...）. As we all know，all language learning needs lots of practice. To learn English well， you should only spend more time and practice more often. I am confident that keep it up and you will make progress sooner or later.
[答案]
1．Knowing that you have trouble learning English
2．this is why most of the students think English is difficult to learn
3．neither the new words nor the grammar is actually difficult to learn
課后鞏固 多維提能
［基礎知識鞏固練］
維度一 詞形轉換和動詞的形式變換
1．It was obvious that I was going to be late， as I had mistakenly got on a bus that was taking me in the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （oppose） direction.
[答案]opposite
2．At first sight, all the questions in the test paper were _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , throwing me in such a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ that I felt _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ about how to answer them. （confuse）
[答案]confusing； confusion； confused
3．It's a bad _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （behave） to smoke in public places where smoking isn't allowed.
[答案]behavior
4．The school should create as many opportunities as possible for children to get close to nature, for the natural world will excite their interest and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , encouraging them to grow into _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ people.（create）
[答案]creativity； creative
5．Literature is the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （reflect） of real life and the artists should pay attention to the times and society.
[答案]reflection
維度二 固定用法和搭配
1．After the big fire, the building was burned _ _ and only ashes （廢墟） were left and many people were made homeless.
[答案]down
2．Please wind the discussion and let's move on to the next topic which is about the company's future plans and strategies.
[答案]up
3．He was opposed my suggestions on how to improve the project，which made me disappointed.
[答案]to
4．Speaking spelling, there are some clear differences between British English and American English.
[答案]of
5．It's a good habit for you to spend some time reflecting _ _ _ _ _ _ your successes and failures every month.
[答案]on/upon
維度三 完成句子/一句多譯
1．在機器于生產高峰期發生故障后，他們請來一位專家技師使機器重新運轉起來。（get+賓語+賓語補足語）
They _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ by calling in an expert technician, after it had broken down during the peak production hours.
[答案]got the machine running
2．這位教授既不會說英語也不會說漢語，所以他剛來中國時和其他人交流有困難。［neither...nor...; have trouble （in） doing sth.］
This professor could _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , so _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ when he first came to China.
[答案]speak neither English nor Chinese； he had trouble （in） communicating with others
3．我今天下午有一個重要的會議要參加，這就是我不能和你一起去書店的原因。
（1） I will have an important meeting to attend this afternoon, and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ．（why引導表語從句）
（2） I can't go to the bookstore with you, and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ．（because引導表語從句）
（3） _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I will have an important meeting to attend this afternoon.（why引導定語從句）
[答案]
（1） this is why I can't go to the bookstore with youthis is why I can't go to the bookstore with you
（2） this is because I will have an important meeting to attend this afternoon
（3） The reason why I can't go to the bookstore with you is that
維度四 融合教材·主題探究
【改編自人教必修一U5】
Learning English
Wang Le
Hey, everybody, what are your biggest problems with learning English
Liu Wen
Hi! I've been studying English since primary school. I used to get high marks in English, but now I'm having a lot of trouble with my listening. When I listen to native English speakers talking in a video, I can catch only a few words. I can never quite get the main idea. Any advice
Jia Xin
Listening to English radio programmes helps me get used to how fast native speakers talk. I also repeat what I hear to help myself to experience the feeling of the language. Sometimes I even record my voice so I can listen to myself and compare my pronunciation with the radio host's! My biggest headache is how to be polite in English. It's so much easier to just say “Open the window!”， but in English that can sound really terrible. I have to think about who I'm talking to and then decide whether to say, “Open the window, please!” or “Could you open the window, please？” or even longer “Would you mind opening the window, please ”
Li Rui
Yeah, that's really hard! I think it all depends on who you're talking to. If I'm talking to a close friend, I can use short requests, like “Open the window”—our relationship is close and we're equals， so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us. But if I'm talking to someone who isn't very close to me, I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question, not a demand, e．g.，“Could you open the window, please ” If I'm talking to someone senior to me, then I should say, “Would you mind opening the window, please ” For me, vocabulary is my biggest problem—there are just SO MANY new words! I can't keep all the new vocabulary straight in my head, and I certainly can't remember how to use them all properly. HELP!
1．What's Liu Wen's problem with learning English
A. Listening to native English speakers.
B. Remembering the new words.
C. Speaking English fluently.
D. Writing with formal English.
2．Which of the following advice is NOT the one that Jia Xin gives Liu Wen
A. Listening to English radio programmes.
B. Repeating what she hears.
C. Listening to radio programs everyday.
D. Recording her voice and comparing with the radio host's.
3．What's Jia Xin's problem with learning English
A. How to communicate with foreigners.
B. How to be polite in English.
C. How to use English words.
D. How to speak correct English.
4．Which of the following advice is NOT the one that Li Rui gives Jia Xin
A. Using short requests for close friends.
B. Using longer requests for people who are not so close.
C. Using more polite phrases for people senior to you.
D. Learning word formation in English classes.
[答案]
1．A
2．C
3．B
4．D
［綜合能力提升練］
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
[（2025·青島聯考）]A
When I was ten years old, I went to the US to visit some family friends. We travelled all the way from California to Las Vegas. I noticed something funny about the way everyone spoke English. I was thinking, “This is the way they speak in films!”
At the beginning of the holiday, one of my friends asked me if I wanted to order “French fries”. I couldn't imagine what French fries were. What was fried and French Snails Cheese She was amazed that I had never tried them and she ordered a portion （份） for us to share. When the waiter brought us some chips, I asked her where the French fries were. She pointed to the plate of chips! Later that week she said she was going to buy some “chips” from the supermarket. She came out with a packet of crisps!
During that holiday we were also offered “biscuits and gravy” for our lunch. This was very odd to me, because in England biscuits are sweet while gravy is a salty, meat-based sauce. I later realized that “biscuits” in America are savoury （咸味的） snacks. What we call “biscuits”, they call “cookies”.
One day, I saw an “eggplant” pizza on the menu in a restaurant! Eggs do not grow on plants, I thought. What on earth could an “eggplant” be Something eggy and leafy My dad ordered this pizza and it was covered in aubergines. I asked him where the “eggplant” was. He laughed and pointed to the aubergines. He told me, “They call this ‘eggplant’ in America!”
Although the same “language” may be spoken in different countries, there are likely to be many differences, not just in vocabulary but also in spelling, grammar and pronunciation! I think part of the excitement of learning a language is discovering the differences in how it is spoken in different places.
1．What can we learn from paragraph 2
A. Holiday is a good time to relax.
B. Chips and crisps are the same food.
C. The waiter provided poor service.
D. French fries are popular worldwide.
2．Where does the author most probably come from
A. America. B. France. C. England. D. Italy.
3．How did the author feel when seeing an “eggplant” pizza on the menu
A. Confused. B. Regretful. C. Anxious. D. Excited.
4．What is the passage mainly about
A. Advantages of travelling. B. High-end restaurants.
C. Food and tradition. D. Cross-cultural misunderstanding.
[答案]
1．B
2．C
3．A
4．D
[解析]
1．細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Later that week she said...with a packet of crisps!”可知,作者的朋友要去超市買一些“chips”,然后她拿著一包“crisps”出來了,因此，“chips”和“crisps”是同一種食物。
2．推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“This was very odd to me, because in England biscuits are sweet”可推知,作者來自英國。
3．推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“What on earth could an ‘eggplant’ be Something eggy and leafy ”可推知,當看到菜單上的茄子比薩餅時,作者感到困惑。
4．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據最后一段中的“Although the same ‘language’...grammar and pronunciation!”可知,本文講述了作者在十歲時去美國游玩期間,因英式英語和美式英語的不同而產生誤解的經歷。因此，這篇文章主要是關于跨文化誤解的。
【解題導語】 本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者十歲時去美國游玩期間,因英式英語和美式英語的不同而產生誤解的經歷。
[（2025·開封高一檢測）]B
If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study also found the younger people learn a second language, the greater the effect is.
A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density （密度） in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.
“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible,” he said.“You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34.Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better.“Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists.
5．Why does the author mention “exercise” in paragraph 2
A. To say language is also a kind of physical labor.
B. To prove that one needs more practice when he/she is learning a language.
C. To show the importance of using the language when you learn the language.
D. To make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well.
6．What does the underlined word “bilinguals” probably mean in paragraph 4
A. A researcher on language learning.
B. A person who is good at learning foreign languages.
C. A person who can speak two languages.
D. An active language learner.
7．What may you know from the scientific findings
A. The earlier you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density is.
B. There is no difference between a later second language learner and one who doesn't know a second language.
C. The experience of learning a second language has a bad effect on people's brain.
D. The ability of learning a second language is changing all the time.
8．What is mainly talked about in this passage
A. Science on learning a second language.
B. Man's ability of learning a second language.
C. Language learning can help brain power.
D. Language learning and maths study.
[答案]
5．D
6．C
7．A
8．C
[解析]
5．推理判斷題。根據第二段內容可推知,作者提到運動可以鍛煉肌肉是為了證明學習外語可以改變灰質,從而提升腦力。
6．詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞后的“who had learnt a second language before the age of five”可知,這組人在五歲以前就開始學第二語言,因此他們是能講兩種語言的人。
7．推理判斷題。根據第五段內容可推知,越早開始學習第二語言,腦中的灰質密度就越大。
8．主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其是根據第二段中的“According to a new study...in your brain power.”可知,本文介紹了學習一門外語有助于提升腦力,讓人更加聰明。
【解題導語】 本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了學習一門外語有助于提升腦力,可以讓人更加聰明。
Ⅱ.完形填空
[（2025·仁壽一中期中）]Alice is a student who came to my class last year. Though she has already turned 60, Alice looks so fit and 1 with a bright smile and an enthusiastic attitude. I am Alice's teacher in class, but I feel she is my teacher in life.
For my 2-hour class every Saturday morning, Alice has to take a 3-hour round trip. But she is never 2 for class. Alice is very passionate about learning English. She often says, “Don't 3 me as a 60-year-old. I am just a new beginner who wants to learn anything 4 . You know, I am very excited to come to the class!” So I feel a strong sense of 5 to make sure that what I teach makes sense to her.
Alice came to me only with very 6 English skills, but she turns out to be a very fast learner because she always puts English 7 on a daily basis. I check her 8 before every class. It is usually not what I 9 for the class, but rather something that she 10 to put together. She makes various sentences using the important words and phrases she learned from our previous class. I am always 11 by the quality of her homework.
I feel 12 to have a student like Alice. She has 13 me so much. Our interaction is a great learning 14 for both of us. Though I have no idea why she learns English, I hope I can help her 15 her dream, whatever it is.
1．A. strong B. cheerful C. calm D. proud
2．A. anxious B. ready C. late D. sorry
3．A. treat B. recognise C. mistake D. describe
4．A. carefully B. obviously C. creatively D. comfortably
5．A. humor B. achievement C. responsibility D. wonder
6．A. specific B. basic C. practical D. official
7．A. under discussion B. under control
C. in order D. in use
8．A. demand B. homework C. schedule D. attitude
9．A. revise B. save C. arrange D. collect
10．A. volunteers B. agrees C. promises D. happens
11．A. encouraged B. annoyed C. confused D. impressed
12．A. confident B. fortunate C. relaxed D. free
13．A. taught B. helped C. protected D. reminded
14．A. ability B. goal C. experience D. content
15．A. play safe with B. try out for C. let go of D. get closer to
[答案]
1．B
2．C
3．A
4．A
5．C
6．B
7．D
8．B
9．C
10．A
11．D
12．B
13．A
14．C
15．D
[解析]
1．根據下文“with a bright smile and an enthusiastic attitude”可知,雖然愛麗絲已經60歲了,但她看起來很健康,很樂觀（cheerful）,笑容燦爛,態度熱情。
2．根據上文“For my 2-hour class...round trip.”和never可知,為了每周六早上兩個小時的課,愛麗絲要坐三個小時的車往返,但是她上課從不遲到（late）。
3．根據下文“as a 60-year-old”可知,愛麗絲經常說別把她看作60歲的人。treat...as...意為“把……看作……”。
4．根據上文“Alice is very passionate about learning English.”可知,愛麗絲對學英語很有激情,想要認真地（carefully）學習。
5．根據下文“to make sure that what I teach makes sense to her”可知,作者對愛麗絲有一種責任（responsibility）感,想要確保她能聽懂自己教的東西。
6．根據下文“but she turns out to be a very fast learner”可知,愛麗絲起初來上課的時候只會一些基礎的（basic）英語技巧。
7．根據下文on a daily basis可知,愛麗絲總是在日常生活中使用（in use）英語。
8．根據下文“I am always...her homework.”及語境可知,每節課前作者都會檢查愛麗絲的家庭作業（homework）。
9．根據下文“She makes various sentences...she learned from our previous class.”可知,愛麗絲的作業不是作者在課堂上布置（arrange）的,是她自己自愿（volunteer）去做的。
10．參見上題解析。
11．根據語境可知,愛麗絲自發地寫作業,而且作業質量還很高,給作者留下了深刻印象（impress）。
12．根據下文“She has...for both of us.”可知,有愛麗絲這樣的學生讓作者感到很幸運（fortunate）。
13．根據上文“I am Alice's teacher in class, but I feel she is my teacher in life.”可知,愛麗絲也教（teach）會了作者很多事情。
14．根據上文“I am Alice's teacher in class, but I feel she is my teacher in life.”可知,他們的互動對兩人來說都是一次很好的學習經歷（experience）。
15．根據下文her dream可知,作者希望幫助愛麗絲使她更接近（get closer to）夢想。
【解題導語】 本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了愛麗絲對學習英語很有激情,而且積極主動學習,給身為老師的作者留下了深刻印象的故事。
Ⅲ.語法填空
Chinese characters are so 1. （amaze） that even many foreigners are crazy about them. In the past three decades, Richard Sears 2. （focus） on one thing: telling many stories behind Chinese characters. His interest in Chinese language and characters dates back to 1972.He built a website in 2002 and named it Chinese Etymology （詞源）, which provides visitors with opportunities to check the development of Chinese characters in a variety 3. forms for free. Because of this well-received website, he became Uncle Hanzi, a nickname （昵稱） 4. was given by Chinese netizens.
In September, Sears set up 5. （he） studio in Nanjing as part of the local government's plan to promote Chinese culture. 6. （help） both Chinese and foreign learners have a better understanding of Chinese characters, the studio tells stories behind Chinese characters 7. the aid of technology. They have made over 60 videos in English with Chinese subtitles for a popular video website among young people.
8. （watch） the videos not only brings fun but also makes people know more about Chinese characters, leaving them a deep 9. （impress）. With the tireless efforts of people like Richard Sears and the government's support, more people will appreciate the beauty of Chinese characters 10. （full）.
[答案]
1．amazing
2．has focused
3．of
4．which
5．his
6．To help
7．with
8．Watching
9．impression
10．fully
[解析]
1．考查形容詞。 分析句子結構可知，Chinese characters為物，作主語，空處應用修飾事物的形容詞作表語，表示“驚人的”。
2．考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。 根據時間狀語In the past three decades可知，此處應用現在完成時；且主語Richard Sears為第三人稱單數形式，助動詞用has。
3．考查固定搭配。a variety of意為“各種各樣的”，為固定搭配。
4．考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，空處引導定語從句，修飾先行詞a nickname,在從句中作主語，先行詞指物，應用關系代詞which引導。
5．考查代詞。 空處修飾名詞studio，應用形容詞性物主代詞his。
6．考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，空處應用動詞不定式表示目的，作目的狀語，單詞位于句首，首字母應大寫。
7．考查介詞。 with the aid of為固定短語，意為“借助于，在……的幫助下”。
8．考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，空處作主語，應用動詞-ing形式，且單詞位于句首，首字母應大寫。
9．考查名詞。 空處應用名詞形式作賓語，根據冠詞a可知，應用單數形式。
10．考查副詞。 修飾動詞appreciate應用副詞形式作狀語。
【解題導語】 本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了理查德·西爾斯一直專注于研究漢字的故事。
Period 2 Using language
構詞法
要義詳析 探究語法
一、轉化法（詞性轉換）
把一種詞性用作另一種詞性而詞形不變的構詞法叫作轉化法。
感知經典
（1）（教材P20）When we look out of the window and see rain or snow, we can say “it's raining” or “it's snowing”． 當我們向窗外看去，看到rain（雨）或snow（雪）時，我們可以說“it's raining（下雨了）”或“it's snowing（下雪了）”。
（2）（人教必修一U1） I tried to join the school football team, but the coach told me that I didn't play well enough.
我想加入校足球隊，但是教練說我踢得還不夠好。
明悉規則
1.名詞轉化為動詞
cook（n.廚師→v.烹飪）
name（n.名字→v.命名）
picture（n.畫→v.描繪）
2.形容詞轉化為動詞
calm（adj.平靜的→v.使平靜）
spare（adj.空閑的→v.抽出）
own（adj.自己的→v.擁有）
last（adj.最后的→v.持續）
3.形容詞轉化為副詞
hard（adj.困難的→adv.努力地）
well（adj.健康的→adv.很好地）
二、派生法（前綴和后綴）
在一個詞根之前或之后加上某個詞綴來生成一個新詞的構詞法，叫作派生法。加在詞根之前的詞綴為前綴，加在詞根之后的詞綴為后綴。
感知經典
（1）（教材P19）For example, in our free time we can sculpt a sculpture and paint a painting, but we take a photo. 例如，在空閑時間我們可以sculpt a sculpture（雕刻一件雕塑品），paint a painting（畫一幅畫），但是要說take a photo（拍一張照片）。
（2）（教材P19）If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions，why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same 如果harmless actions（無害的行為）是harmful actions（有害的行為）的反義詞，那為什么shameless behaviors（無恥的行為）和shameful behaviors（可恥的行為）是同義詞呢？
（3）（教材P20）You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language.
你也一定對一門語言獨特的瘋狂感到詫異。
（4）（教材P20）English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects the creativity of the human race. 英語是由人而不是電腦發明的，它反映了人類的創造力。
（5）（教材P20）That is why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible.
那就是為什么星星out（出來）時，它們可以被看到，但是當燈out（熄滅）后，它們不能被看到。
（6）（人教必修一U1）The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones: maths, English, chemistry, world history, and Chinese.
學校的指導老師幫助我選擇了適合我的課程：數學、英語、化學、世界史和中文。
（7）（人教必修一U1） Every Wednesday, we work at a soup kitchen and hand out food to homeless people in the community.
每周三，我們會在食品救濟站里干活，把食物分發給社區里的無家可歸者。
明悉規則
1.動詞變名詞后綴
（1）-y
discover→discovery發現
（2）-er/-or/-ar/-ee
employ→employer雇主
educate→educator教育工作者
beg→beggar乞丐
employ→employee雇員
（3）-al
arrive→arrival到達
（4）其他
choose→choice選擇
think→thought思想，思考
2.形容詞變名詞后綴
（1）-y/-ty/-ity
difficult→difficulty困難
safe→safety安全
major→majority大多數
（2）-th
warm→warmth溫暖
（3）-ness
happy→happiness幸福
（4）-ce
different→difference差異
3.形容詞變副詞后綴
（1）直接加-ly
certain→certainly肯定地
（2）以-y結尾的詞，變y為i再加-ly
happy→happily高興地
（3）以-le結尾的詞，去e加y
terrible→terribly非常
simple→simply簡單地
4.否定前綴
（1）un-
healthy→unhealthy不健康的
（2）im-
possible→impossible不可能的
（3）dis-
like→dislike不喜歡
（4）mis-
understand→misunderstand誤解
（5）in-
formal→informal非正式的
（6）non-
smoker→non-smoker不吸煙的人
5.其他意義的前綴、后綴
（1）re-
write→rewrite重寫
（2）-less
use→useless無用的
三、合成法
由兩個或兩個以上的單詞合成的詞叫作合成詞，這種構詞法稱為合成法。最常見的合成法包括合成名詞、合成形容詞、合成動詞、合成副詞、合成介詞。詞與詞之間有的用連字符連接，有的直接連接在一起。
感知經典
（1）（教材P19）I hadn't, until one day my five -year -old son asked me whether there was ham in a hamburger. 我一直沒有問過自己這個問題，直到有一天我五歲的兒子問我hamburger（漢堡）里是否有ham（火腿）。
（2）（教材P19）This made me realize that there's no egg in eggplant either. 這讓我意識到eggplant（茄子）里面也沒有egg（雞蛋）。
（3）（教材P19）Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple. pineapple（菠蘿）里既沒有pine（松樹）也沒有apple（蘋果）。
（4）（譯林必修一U2）It can be a big headache to balance your developing mental needs too. 平衡你不斷變化的心理需求可能也是一件令人頭痛的事。
（5）A few days ago, I went out for a dinner get-together with some friends. 幾天前，我和一些朋友出去吃晚飯。
（6）（譯林必修一U1）As a senior high school student, you must make efforts to improve your communication and problem-solving skills. 作為一名高中生，你必須努力提高溝通技巧和解決問題的能力。
（7）（北師大必修一U3）Somehow, at the time, I didn't know she was sick.
不知怎的，那時我不知道她病了。
（8）（北師大必修一U3）Throughout history, some of the original customs have changed, but the spirit of the festival—the spirit of family—has largely been kept. 縱觀歷史，一些原始習俗已經發生了變化，但是節日的精神——家庭的精神——在很大程度上被保留了下來。
明悉規則
1.合成名詞
（1）名詞+名詞
sportsman男運動員
（2）名詞+動詞
sunrise日出
（3）名詞+動詞-ing
sightseeing觀光
handwriting書法
（4）動詞+名詞
playground操場
（5）動詞+副詞
breakthrough突破
（6）過去分詞+副詞
grown-up成年人
2.合成形容詞
（1）名詞+動詞-ing
English-speaking講英語的
peace-loving愛好和平的
（2）形容詞+名詞+-ed
warm-hearted熱心的
（3）數詞+名詞+-ed
three-storeyed三層的
（4）數詞+名詞+形容詞
three-year-old三歲的
（5）副詞+過去分詞
well-informed見多識廣的
3.合成動詞
（1）形容詞+動詞
whitewash 粉刷
（2）副詞+動詞
overcome 戰勝
（3）名詞+動詞
sleepwalk 夢游
4.合成副詞
（1）形容詞+副詞
anywhere 無論哪里
（2）副詞+副詞
however 無論如何
（3）介詞+副詞
forever 永遠
（4）介詞+名詞
downstairs 在樓下
5.合成介詞
（1）副詞+名詞
inside 在……里
（2）介詞+副詞
without 沒有
（3）副詞+介詞
into 到……里
四、縮略法
把原詞的音節加以省略或簡化，從而在拼寫和讀音上都呈現出新的形式的構詞方法叫作縮略法。縮略法最常見的一種形式就是首字母縮略。
感知經典
（1）（教材P20）When you see the capitalized “WHO” in a medical report, do you read it as the “who” in “Who's that？”
在醫學報告中看到大寫的“WHO（世界衛生組織）”時，你會將它理解為“Who's that？（那是誰？）”中的“who（誰）”嗎？
（2）（教材P20）What about “IT” and “US”？
那么“IT”和“US”呢？
明悉規則
1.首字母縮略法
Automated Teller Machine→ATM自動取款機
Very Important Person→VIP貴賓
World Trade Organization→WTO世界貿易組織
2.截頭法
airplane→plane飛機
telephone→phone電話
3.去尾法
examination→exam考試
photograph→photo照片
laboratory→lab實驗室
課堂微練 即時檢驗
Ⅰ.寫出下列句中加黑詞的詞性及含義
1．She's willing to shoulder the burden of caring for her elderly parents._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]v.承擔，擔負
2．After work， the saleswoman usually goes home to rest and spend time with her family._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]n.女售貨員
3．He was ill for some days， and his wife nursed him kindly._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]v.看護，照料
4．The hotel isn't clean and it needs a good clean.It is better to clean it every day._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]adj.干凈的；n.打掃；vt.打掃
Ⅱ.單句語法填空
1．On a _ _ _ _ _ _ （storm） night, his son was missing on the way back home. The family was extremely worried and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （immediate） called the police for help.
[答案]stormy； immediately
2．The information you gave us was _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （correct）, so we didn't find the museum and got lost on the way.
[答案]incorrect
3．As is known to all, Edison was a great _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . During his life he had many _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .（invent）
[答案]inventor； inventions
4．Mr. Lee said that the smiles and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （happy） of the children gave him great courage every day.
[答案]happiness
5．She is the leader of an international _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （organize） whose aim is to protect natural resources.
[答案]organization
6．The red car is more _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （comfort） but costs much more, while the white one doesn't use much gas.
[答案]comfortable
課后鞏固 多維提能
［基礎知識鞏固練］
維度一 寫出下列句中加黑詞的詞性及含義
1．There are more newly-built houses in this village than in that one._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]adj.新建的
2．The middle-aged woman is going to visit her mother this afternoon._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]adj.中年的
3．They decided to have another paper-making factory set up in this town._ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]n.造紙
4．The doctor advised her to take more exercise.So, to keep fit, she exercises twice a day._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]n．運動；vi.運動，鍛煉（身體）
5．I'm unfamiliar with this type of typewriter, so I made several mistakes. This letter needs to be typed again._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]n.類型,種類;v.（用計算機或打字機）打字
6．He fooled a lot of people into believing that he was noble -minded._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]vt.愚弄；adj.思想高尚的
7．After work, the saleswoman didn't head straight home._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]n.女售貨員
8．Children tend to sleepwalk more when they are overly tired or stressed._ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]vi.夢游
維度二 選詞填空
absent-minded， passer-by， peace-loving， notebook， ready-made
1．When I use my dictionary， I write down all the new words I learn in this little _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
2．The boy is often _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in class，but sometimes he can listen to the teacher closely.
3．Some _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ lent me a hand when they saw me get into trouble, which I deeply appreciated.
4．The man is so fat that he can hardly find any _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ clothes that fit him well.
5．China is a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ nation and always maintains friendly relations with other countries.
[答案]
1．notebook
2．absent-minded
3．passers-by
4．ready-made
5．peace-loving
維度三 單句語法填空
1．The _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （music） along with his band members has given ten performances in the last three months.
[答案]musician
2．If we human beings keep on killing the wildlife，some animals will _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （appear） completely.
[答案]disappear
3．I am writing to apply for the position as a volunteer in the student exchange program. First, I'm _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （friend） and easy-going.
[答案]friendly
4．Many accidents are caused by some drivers' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （careless） and irresponsible _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （behave） on the road.
[答案]carelessness； behavior
5．The Spring Festival is a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （tradition） Chinese holiday and people in the north often eat dumplings on the first day of the lunar year.
[答案]traditional
6．Tom was _ _ _ _ _ _ （happy） because his father didn't allow him to go out with his friends this weekend.
[答案]unhappy
7．After working hard for a long time, he found his great _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （improve） in his lessons.
[答案]improvement
8．There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （disappoint）.
[答案]disappointed
9．A student should read as many books as he can, which helps _ _ _ _ _ _ （broad） his horizons and _ _ _ _ _ _ （rich） his mind.
[答案]broaden； enrich
10．It's important to face challenges with an open mind, as they _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （possible） bring unexpected opportunities.
[答案]possibly
11．I am not saying you did badly in the English exam，but _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （honest） you could do better.
[答案]honestly
12．Climbing Mount Qomolangma is considered a lifelong _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （achieve） for many adventurers.
[答案]achievement
13．Do you honestly know what all those _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （addition） features are for anyway
[答案]additional
14．Since noodles mean long life, it is considered very _ _ _ _ _ _ （lucky） to cut them off.
[答案]unlucky
15．You might think he was a _ _ _ _ _ _ （beg）, but actually he was an artist.
[答案]beggar
16．The _ _ _ _ （true） is that the committee gave its approval to the plan after second thought.
[答案]truth
17．This is a new programme to _ _ _ _ _ _ （able） older people to study at college, which provides a variety of courses and opportunities for them to learn new skills and knowledge.
[答案]enable
18．It is hoped that _ _ _ _ _ _ （nature） resources will be found on Mars in the near future.
[答案]natural
19．Parents hope their lovely children grow happily and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （healthy） every day.
[答案]healthily
20．David spotted the pink silk lampshade in a shop and thought it would _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （bright） up the room.
[答案]brighten
維度四 語篇填空
Thanks to the 1. （develop） of technology, our life has been influenced in almost every aspect. In the future, our cars, which are very 2. （help） to people's travel, will be controlled by not 3. （drive） but robots. In this way, traffic accidents will 4. （appear）.To make up for the 5. （short） of labor, many countries are developing robot industry. Because of its high 6. （efficient）, the application of robots has been 7. （wide） recognized. It seems inevitable （不可避免的） that robots will have the 8. （able） to do more and more jobs that are currently performed by humans. Some experts fear that hundreds of thousands of jobs could be out of 9. （exist） as robots replace human workers, which is rather 10. （worry）.
[答案]
1．development
2．helpful
3．drivers
4．disappear
5．shortage
6．efficiency
7．widely
8．ability
9．existence
10．worrying
［綜合能力提升練］
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
I still remember the day like it was yesterday. My friend Juan and I were sitting in our class library talking about something in Spanish. Suddenly,our teacher Ms Conchita stopped us. She said,“Isidro,you are going to be on the other side from today.”
What is this “other side” you say Well, at the time, it was how our school divided the ESL （English as a Second Language） learners. At different times throughout the day, our classroom was divided. On the one side, continuous instruction in English;on the other side, instruction in Spanish.
As I got up and walked to the other side, I could see everyone on the English-speaking side look at me with surprise and confusion. Sure, I knew many of them as they were part of my class, but I felt a bit uncomfortable. I never truly spent time talking with these classmates as English was something I was not comfortable with.
I took a seat next to a boy named Jonathan, and did my best to pay attention. As scared as I was, I felt accomplished （熟練的）.For three years, I had been part of the ESL programme. I spoke nothing but Spanish and made Spanish-speaking friends only. I finally made the jump to “normal” instruction.
As I started to immerse （沉浸在） myself in the language, slowly but surely my English began to improve. I could always speak in that language. I started to make more English-speaking friends. Furthermore, I started to understand the things I was really into.
Today, when parents of EAL （English as an Additional Language） students ask me how their children can get better at English, I look back at how I learnt English well. Then I give them my advice.
1．Why did the teacher stop the author and his friend Juan
A. Because they were talking too loudly.
B. Because she didn't want the students to talk.
C. Because she had something to tell his friend.
D. Because the author needed to be with some others.
2．What prevented the author from talking with his classmates on the other side
A. Not being good at English. B. Not being popular with others.
C. Being busy with his schoolwork. D. Being afraid to make new friends.
3．How did the author feel when he joined those classmates
A. Scared and angry. B. Nervous but good.
C. Proud and confident. D. Surprised but disappointed.
4．What did the author probably advise those parents to do
A. To learn English well themselves first.
B. To ask their children's teachers for help.
C. To encourage their children to study harder.
D. To provide an English-speaking environment.
[答案]
1．D
2．A
3．B
4．D
[解析]
1．細節理解題。根據第三段中的“As I got up...surprise and confusion.”可知,老師叫停作者和他的朋友講話是因為作者需要與另外一組同學坐在一起。
2．細節理解題。根據第三段中的“I never truly spent time...I was not comfortable with.”可知,作者的英語不太好,所以他從未花時間與那些講英語的同學交談。
3．推理判斷題。根據第四段內容可推知,加入另外一組時,作者感到緊張,但是他認為自己終于跳轉到“正常”了,所以感覺很好。
4．推理判斷題。根據最后兩段內容可推知,作者很可能建議那些父母給孩子提供一個說英語的環境。
【解題導語】 本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者用沉浸式方法學好英語的經歷。
[（2025·鎮江高一月考）]B
The Internet has developed into a global platform connecting people worldwide. With over 7,000 languages spoken worldwide, it's unsurprising that many languages are used on the Internet. However, English content takes up over half of all written content online, despite only around 16% of the world's population speaking this language.
According to W3Techs, the most common language on the Internet is English, accounting for about 55% of all websites. Spanish comes in second place with 5%, followed by Russian 4.9%, Japanese 3.7%, Chinese 1.5%.
Why is English the main language on the Internet Firstly, the Internet was developed in English-speaking countries, and many of the early users of the Internet were also English speakers. Secondly, the United States has been a global leader in technology and creation, which has helped make English the Internet language. Thirdly, English is the world's most commonly taught second language.
The language used by people on the Internet has important online and offline influences. It plays an important role in determining the inclusivity （包容性） or exclusivity of the online world and can lead to the digital （數字的） divide between those who have chances to digital spaces and those who are marginalized （邊緣化）.
As the Internet becomes more handy to people worldwide, the use of local languages is likely to increase. Technology companies are already developing tools to translate websites and social media platforms into different languages, making it easier for non-English speakers to learn information and communicate online. However, this will require more efforts in language technology and support for non-English languages.
We need to see a more diverse and inclusive Internet satisfying non-English speakers' needs in the future. What's more, efforts to develop multilingualism （多語言） and language education can bridge the digital language divide and help more people take part in the global digital economy.
5．What percentage of the world's population speaks English according to the passage
A. 55%. B. 16%. C. 5%. D. 4.9%.
6．Why is English the main language on the Internet
A. It is the easiest language to learn.
B. It is the official language of the United Nations.
C. It is the world's most commonly taught first language.
D. It is the language of early Internet users and technology.
7．What can be learned about the future of the Internet from the last paragraph
A. The digital divide will widen further.
B. More languages will be used on the Internet.
C. The use of English will decrease greatly.
D. All websites will be translated into one language.
8．What is the passage mainly about
A. The history of the Internet's development.
B. The importance of English in global communication.
C. The challenges faced by non-English speakers online.
D. The language diversity on the Internet and its influences.
[答案]
5．B
6．D
7．B
8．D
[解析]
5．細節理解題。根據第一段中的“However, English content takes up...16% of the world's population speaking this language.”可知，世界上講英語的人口比例是16%。
6．細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Why is English the main language...which has helped make English the Internet language.”可知，英語之所以是互聯網上的主要語言，是因為它是早期互聯網用戶和技術的語言。
7．推理判斷題。根據最后一段內容可知，互聯網發展的方向是更多樣化、更包容，以及彌合數字語言鴻溝，讓更多的人參與全球數字經濟。由此可推知，在未來，更多的語言將在互聯網上使用。
8．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了關于互聯網上的語言多樣性及其影響。
【解題導語】 本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了互聯網上語言的多樣性及其影響，解釋了英語作為主要語言的原因，并展望了未來互聯網語言的多樣性和包容性發展。
[（2025·重慶一中期中）]C
There are 6,909 languages actively being spoken in the world today, although only about six percent of them have more than a million speakers each. People in many different countries see the value of learning a foreign language to improve their international business relations. Because of this, the number of people who speak certain languages will continue to rise. There are some languages that currently dominate the globe.
With more than 1.4 billion people living in China today, it is no surprise that Chinese is the most commonly spoken language. Due to the size of China's area and population, the country is able to sustain many unique and interesting languages. When speaking of languages, the term “Chinese” contains at least 15 dialects （方言） spoken in the country and elsewhere. While Spanish is not a commonly heard language in most parts of Africa, Asia, and the majority of Europe, that hasn't stopped it from becoming the second most commonly spoken language. The spread of the Spanish language is rooted in colonization （殖民）. English too, was a colonial language: British colonial efforts began in the 15th century and lasted until the early 20th century, including places as far-flung as North America, India and Pakistan, Africa, and Australia. After World War Ⅱ, the United States led the world in both technological and medical innovation. Because of this, it was considered beneficial for students pursuing work in these fields to learn English. English is also a useful language for travelers to learn because it is spoken in so many parts of the globe.
Since the popularity of social media, the development of a Global Language Network can be mapped using book translations, social media platforms, and online encyclopedia（百科全書）. These social networks are only available to elites, people with access to both traditional and new media. Statistics of use from these social networks indicate that while English is definitely the center in the Global Language Network, other intermediate centers used by elites to communicate business and science information include German, French, and Spanish. Currently, languages such as Chinese, Arabic, and Hindi are vastly more popular than German or French, and it is likely that those languages will grow in use of traditional and new media.
9．What does the underlined word “dominate”in paragraph 1 mean
A. Rule. B. Follow. C. Improve. D. Weaken.
10．Which of the following does not contribute to the widespread use of Chinese
A. The large population of China.
B. The various dialects of Chinese.
C. The geographical size of China.
D. Its influence in global colonization.
11．Why do many people choose to learn English as a foreign language
A. It promotes national tourism.
B. It is helpful for them to seek jobs.
C. It is mainly used in local business.
D. It allows them to become online influencers.
12．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. English will become less central in the future.
B. Social media is equally accessible to all people.
C. Hindi grows more important than Spanish in business.
D. Language use is changing due to social media use.
[答案]
9．A
10．D
11．B
12．D
[解析]
9．詞義猜測題。根據第一段內容可知，目前有些語言在全球占據主導地位，因此畫線詞應意為“主導、支配”，與A項相符。
10．細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Due to the size...in the country and elsewhere.”可知，中國龐大的人口、地域面積以及多種方言是漢語廣泛使用的原因，因此，D項并不是漢語廣泛使用的原因。
11．細節理解題。根據第二段中的“After World WarⅡ...in these fields to learn English.”可知，很多人選擇學習英語作為外語是為了找工作。
12．推理判斷題。根據最后一段內容可推知，隨著社交媒體的發展，語言的使用和傳播正在發生變化。
【解題導語】 本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了全球范圍內語言的使用情況和一些主要語言的特點及發展趨勢。
Ⅱ.七選五
[（2025·泰安一中期中）]Why Learn English Through the News
Learning English through the news is a great way to improve your vocabulary, listening and discussion skills. You can choose from written, audio（音頻的）, video and live TV news with resources both online and offline. 1.
Clear English
2. Their job is to give facts and summarize events for the public. English news can be easier for ESL （English as a second language） learners to understand because it has a clear context.
Latest information
The modern news media provides a constant stream of real-life English conversations and fresh information! 3. When you learn English through the news, you have the chance to find out what is happening in the world right now and to interact with these stories through comments and discussion.
Read, watch, and listen
English news comes in many different forms and this gives you a greater choice when learning the language. If you prefer reading, there are online newspapers and simpler news websites for you. If you want to improve your listening and vocabulary skills, there are also TV news channels, online videos, radio stations and podcasts （播客）. 4.
Relevant （相關的） to you
Fresh news is produced daily on every imaginable topic! 5. All you have to do is look online! If you are not interested in politics and “serious” news, why not focus on sports news or the latest from the music scene
A.Popular stories often appear in all of these forums.
B.English news is worth including in your study plan for the following reasons.
C.An effective way to learn English is by frequently watching En

展開更多......

收起↑