資源簡介 高考英語語法專題復習專題3 形容詞和副詞目 錄一、形容詞 2考點1 形容詞的用法 2考點2 以-ing、-ed結尾的形容詞 5二、副詞 8考點1 形容詞轉換為副詞 8考點2 連接副詞 11考點3 評注性副詞 12三、形容詞和副詞的比較等級以及高頻詞匯 14考點1 形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級變化規則 14考點2 形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級的用法 16考點3 高考高頻形容詞、副詞 18四、專項練習 24五、答案解析 30形容詞是用來修飾名詞,說明事物或人的性質、狀態或特征的詞。形容詞在句中主要充當定語(修飾名詞、代詞)或表語(表示主語的狀態和特征),除此之外,形容詞還可用作補語和狀語。副詞主要用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或其他結構的詞。副詞在句中作狀語,修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、從句等,也可修飾整個句子。高考對形容詞和副詞的考查主要側重特定語境下形容詞、副詞的詞義辨析以及比較級、最高級的用法。一、形容詞考點1 形容詞的用法1. 形容詞作定語的基本用法單個形容詞作定語,一般放在所修飾的名詞之前。形容詞短語作定語時,須放在所修飾的名詞之后。修飾somebody, someone, something,anybody, anyone, anything, nobody, nothing等復合不定代詞的形容詞,則必須放在不定代詞之后。He read an interesting storybook this morning.今天早上他讀了一本有趣的故事書。I know an actor suitable for the part in the play.我認識一個適合演該劇中這一角色的演員。I would like something cheaper.我想要點較為便宜的東西。2. 多個形容詞修飾名詞時的順序形容詞作定語一般位于所修飾的詞的前面。多個形容詞及其他限定語修飾同一名詞時的順序是固定的,其順序為:①冠詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、物主代詞+②序數詞、基數詞+③一般性描繪形容詞+④大小、長短、形狀+⑤年齡、新舊+⑥顏色+⑦國籍、出處+⑧材料+⑨用途、類別+⑩最終修飾的名詞或動名詞。I have a big, round, red, wooden, Chinese table.我有一個大而圓的、紅色的、中國產的木桌。They lived in those four old, grey, wooden houses.他們住在那四座古老的灰色木屋里。They found that hungry, tired, sleepy little match girl.他們找到了那個饑餓、疲勞、困倦的賣火柴的小女孩。(助記口訣:限定描繪大長高,形狀年齡和新老;顏色國籍跟材料,作用類別往后靠。)3. 同一形容詞作前置定語與后置定語的區別有些形容詞作定語可作前置定語也可作后置定語,但含義迥然不同。例如:前置含義 后置含義absent 茫然的;恍惚的 缺席的present 現在的 出席的concerned 憂心忡忡的 有關的responsible 可靠的,可信賴的 應負責的involved 復雜難懂的 相關的,有關聯的I am an accountant. It’s a responsible position, I suppose, but not very exciting.我是一名會計。我想那是一個責任重大的職位,但并不是很有意思。The man responsible for finding the volunteers is Dr. Charles Weber.負責尋找志愿者的人是查爾斯·韋伯博士。4. 以a-開頭的形容詞某些以a-開頭的形容詞,如afraid, asleep, alike, alive, awake,alone(孤獨的), ashamed(羞恥的)等只能作表語,不作前置定語。這類形容詞可以作后置定語,其含義往往相當于一個定語從句。Time alone will show who was right.唯獨時間能證明到底誰是正確的。(這里alone相當于which /that is alone)5. 形容詞或形容詞短語作狀語形容詞或形容詞短語作狀語,表示方式或伴隨,說明謂語動作的方式,它在句子中有時像非限制性分句一樣,表示意義上的增補。其邏輯主語是句子的主語。在這種情況下,其位置比較靈活,可位于句首或句末,有時也可位于句中。Crusoe stared at the footprint, full of fear.(=Crusoe, who was full of fear, stared at the footprint.)克魯索兩眼盯著腳印看,滿心恐懼。Tom, very ill, sent for a doctor.(=As Tom was very ill, he sent for a doctor.)因為湯姆病得很厲害,所以他派人請醫生去了。Old or young, they all like these cartoon pictures.(=Whether they are old or young, they all like these cartoon pictures.)他們無論年齡大小,都喜歡這些卡通畫。考點2 以-ing、-ed結尾的形容詞由動詞變化而來,以-ing結尾的形容詞一般修飾物,表示“令人……的”,常作定語;由動詞變化而來,以-ed結尾的形容詞一般修飾人,表示“(人)……的”,常作表語。由-ed分詞轉化來的形容詞表被動含義,由-ing分詞轉化來的形容詞表主動含義。an interesting book 有趣的書(=a book which interests readers)falling leaves 下落的樹葉(=leaves that are falling)a broken heart 破碎的心(=a heart that has been broken)1. -ing形式的形容詞以后綴-ing結尾的形容詞作定語主要用于說明事物,表示事物的性質或特征。有時候也用它們說明人,表示此人具有此性格或特征。The story is very interesting. 這個故事很有趣。The man is very interesting. 這個人很有趣。請再比較并體會以下句子:He has a frightened look on his face. 他臉上帶有驚恐的神情。He has a frightening look on his face. 他臉上帶有嚇人的神情。2. -ed形式的形容詞以后綴-ed結尾的形容詞作定語通常用于說明人,不用于說明事物,若修飾事物,則該類事物多為air(神態),appearance(外貌),cry(哭聲),face(表情),voice(聲音),mood(情緒)等顯示某人的情感狀況的名詞。He had a pleased smile on his face. 他臉上露出了滿意的微笑。He told me the news in a very excited voice. 他很激動地告訴了我這個消息。3. 以下是常見的此類形容詞amazing 令人驚異的amazed 感到驚異的amusing 令人愉快的amused 感到開心的boring 令人厭煩的bored 感到厭煩的confusing 令人迷惑的confused 感到迷惑的disappointing 令人失望的disappointed 感到失望的disturbing 煩人的disturbed 受到干擾的encouraging 令人鼓舞的encouraged 受到鼓勵的entertaining 愉快的,有趣的entertained 感到愉快的freezing 冰凍的,嚴寒的frozen 凍僵了的frightening 令人害怕的frightened 感到害怕的inspiring 令人鼓舞的inspired 受到鼓舞的interesting 令人感興趣的interested 感興趣的moving 感動人的moved 受感動的pleasing 令人高興的pleased 感到高興的puzzling 令人不解的puzzled 感到不解的surprising 令人驚訝的surprised 感到驚訝的touching 令人感動的touched 受感動的worrying 令人擔憂的worried 感到擔憂的二、副詞考點1 形容詞轉換為副詞形容詞變副詞通常是在詞尾加ly,但也有一些形容詞變副詞時需要做一些不規則變化。請記住以下口訣:一般直接加,“元e”去e加,“輔y”改i加,“le”結尾e改y。具體說明如下:(1)一般情況下直接加ly,如:quick-quickly; polite-politely; sadsadly; recent-recently。(2)“元e”去e加ly,即少數以元音字母加e結尾的形容詞,要去掉e再加-ly。true-truly; due-duly,而絕大多數輔音字母加e結尾的形容詞直接加-ly。polite-politely; wide-widely; wise-wisely; nice-nicely。(3)“輔y”改i加ly,即以輔音字母加y結尾的,且y的讀音為/i/,先將y改成i,再加ly,如:happy-happily; heavy-heavily; angry-angrily;busy-busily,但是如果y讀音為/ai/,直接加ly。dry-dryly; sly-slyly; shyshyly。(4)“le”結尾e改y,即以輔音字母加le結尾時,去e加y。simplesimply; considerable-considerably; terrible-terribly; gentle-gently; possiblepossibly; probable-probably。(5)以-ic結尾的詞,加ally,如: economic-economically; basicbasically; scientific-scientifically; automatic-automatically; energeticenergetically。但是也有例外,如: public-publicly。(6)以-ll結尾時,只須加y,如:full-fully;dull-dully等。注意:有些以-ly結尾的詞是形容詞而非副詞,例如:manly(有男子氣概的),friendly(友好的),motherly(慈母般的),lovely(可愛的),monthly(月度的)。有些形容詞有兩種副詞形式。一種與形容詞同形,另一種在形容詞后面加-ly,應注意區別。舉例如下:hard 刻苦地;猛烈地;閑難地 如:work hard努力工作 hardly 幾乎不 如:I hardly know her.我幾乎不認識她free免費地 如:travel free on trains坐火車免費 freely自由地;不受控制地;無拘無束地 如:travel freely between member states 在成員國內自由出行late 晚,遲 如:3hours late 晚了三個小時 lately(=recently)最近 如:Lately,I've had trouble sleeping.最近我的睡眠有問題。high高高地 如:He jumped high.他跳得高 highly高度地(常和praise,speak等連用) 如:think highly of高度評價close接近地,靠近地(表示較為具體的概念 如:They live quite close.他們住得很近。 closely仔細地,密切地(常表示抽象的概念多用于修飾動詞及過去分詞) 如:The detective watched him closely.waiting forareply.警探緊緊注視著他,等待他回復。direct徑直地,直接地(表示實際距離,意義具體,常用來修飾動詞) 如:The train goes there direct. 這趟列車直達那里。 directly 一般用于抽象,多用來修飾分詞或形容詞,也可修飾動詞。directly還可有“立刻,馬上”的意思。 如:He looked directly at us.他正視著我們。deep(用于具體的深度,包括時間和空間:且只修飾動詞) 如:They dived deep into the ocean.他們深深地潛入海中 deeply(用于抽象的、比喻的意義,可用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞和分詞) 如:deeply interested, indebted, impressed 極感興趣的、極為感激的、印象極深的wide 充分地;完全地 如:wide awake 完全清醒 widely 廣泛地 如:widely used被廣泛使用注意:也有一些詞雖以-ly結尾,但是形容詞,如:likely 可能的costly 花費大的orderly 整齊的deadly 致命的ugly 丑的lively 活潑的lonely 寂寞的;孤單的friendly 友好的daily 每天的weekly 每周的monthly 每月的yearly 每年的考點2 連接副詞常見的連接副詞有:therefore, besides, otherwise, however, moreover,still, thus, meanwhile, nevertheless等。以however為例,它與最常見的并列連詞but起的作用是一致的,都具有轉折的含義,唯一的區別在于前者是副詞,后者是連詞。however在句中的位置及其前后的標點符號用法為:(1)Sentence A.+However,+Sentence B.(2)Sentence A;+however,+Sentence B.(3)Sentence A. Sentence B, however.例如:Many people believe this is right. However, John believes that is wrong.Many people believe this is right; however, John believes that is wrong.Many people believe this is right. John believes that is wrong, however.(三句的含義均為:許多人認為這是對的,然而,約翰卻認為這是錯誤的。)而并列連詞but的用法:Sentence A,+but+Sentence B.例如:Many people believe this is right, but John believes that is wrong.許多人認為這是對的,但是約翰卻認為這是錯誤的。其他連接副詞用法與however相似。考點3 評注性副詞英語中有一些副詞可用作評注性狀語,用來修飾整個句子,表示說話人的態度和看問題的角度。作評注性狀語的副詞有三種:(1)表示說話人的觀點的副詞。如:clearly(明顯地),certainly(當然),surely(無疑,當然),fortunately(幸運地),hopefully(但愿,希望),naturally(自然),obviously(顯然),possibly(可能),strangely(令人奇怪地),surprisingly(出人意料地),undoubtedly(無疑)等。這類副詞??膳c其形容詞形式相互轉換。Obviously, he’s against our plan.(=It’s obvious that he’s...)很明顯,他反對我們的計劃。Fortunately, I was in time for the interview.(=It’s fortunate that I was...)幸運的是,我及時趕上了面試。(2)表示說話人說話的角度的副詞。如:briefly(簡要地),exactly(準確地),frankly(坦率地),generally(總體上),honestly(誠實地),roughly(大概地),seriously(嚴肅地)等。這類副詞根據語境一般可譯為“……地說”。Exactly, you scored ninety-nine point five. 準確地說,你得了99.5分。Honestly, I don’t like this book at all. 說老實話,我根本不喜歡這本書。(3)表示說話人看問題的角度的副詞。如:economically(經濟上),historically(在歷史上),physically(身體上),scientifically(科學上)等。這類副詞一般表示“從……角度來說/看”。例如:Scientifically, the experiment was very important.從科學的角度來說,這個實驗很重要。嘗試在書面表達中恰當使用評注性副詞,可以使語言連貫,更有邏輯性。三、形容詞和副詞的比較等級以及高頻詞匯考點1 形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級變化規則1. 直接加-er, -est的情況一般單音節詞和少數以-er,-ow結尾的雙音節詞,比較級在后面加-er,最高級在后面加-est。small→smaller→smallestshort→shorter→shortestclever→cleverer→cleverestnarrow→narrower→narrowest2. 加-r, -st的情況以不發音e結尾的單音節詞,比較級在原級后加-r,最高級在原級后加-st。large→larger→largestnice→nicer→nicestable→abler→ablest3. 雙寫末尾輔音字母再加-er, -est的情況在重讀閉音節(即:輔音+元音+輔音)中,先雙寫末尾的輔音字母,比較級加-er,最高級加-est。big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottestfat→fatter→fattest4. 把y變i后再加-er, -est的情況以“輔音字母+y”結尾的雙音節詞,把y改為i,比較級加-er,最高級加-est。easy→easier→easiestheavy→heavier→heaviesthappy→happier→happiest5. 雙音節和多音節詞的形容詞、副詞前加more, most大部分雙音節詞和多音節詞,比較級在前面加more,最高級在前面加most。beautiful→more beautiful→most beautifuleasily→more easily→most easily6. 其他特殊情況另外,有少數形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級是不規則的,必須熟記。good/well→better→bestmany/much→more→mostold→older/elder→oldest/eldestlittle→less→leastbad/ill/badly→worse→worstfar→further/farther→furthest/farthest注意:① 一些詞本身沒有比較級和最高級形式,如:right, wrong,complete等。② 一些詞的比較級和最高級,可以加-er或-est,也可以加more或most,如:clever, polite等。考點2 形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級的用法1. 形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級的一般用法(1)形容詞、副詞比較級的一般用法:“A+謂語動詞+形容詞/副詞比較級+than+B”,意為“A比B更……”。This tree is taller than that one. 這棵樹比那棵樹高。Gary runs faster than Jack. 加里比杰克跑得快。(2)形容詞、副詞最高級的一般用法:形容詞、副詞的最高級形式主要用來表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比較,表示“最……”的意思。句子中有表示范圍的詞或短語,如of the three, in our class等。Tom is the smartest of the three boys. 湯姆是這三個男生中最聰明的。Mary always comes to school earliest in our class. 我們班到校最早的總是瑪麗。注意:① 在含有連詞than的比較級中,前后的比較對象必須是同一范疇,即同類事物之間的比較。② 在比較級前面使用a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far,many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even表示程度。③ very, quite一般只能修飾原級,不能修飾比較級。2. “比較級+and+比較級”或“more and more+原級”“比較級+and+比較級”或“more and more+原級”表示“越來越……”。It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天來了,天氣越來越暖和了。Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我們的學校變得越來越美麗。3. “the+比較級……,the+比較級……”“the+比較級……,the+比較級……”,表示“越……越……”。The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 你越用功,進步就越大。4. 表示倍數的比較級用法① A is... times the size/height/length/width of B.② A is... times as big/high/long/wide/large as B.③ A is... times larger/higher/longer/wider than B.注意:as... as... 作為習慣用語,有特定含義:as long as 只要as soon as 一……就……as far as 遠到……;據……as well as 和,也as good as 幾乎,實際上5. 比較級與最高級的轉換有時,比較級和最高級之間通過轉換能夠表達相同或類似的含義。Mike is the most intelligent in his class. 邁克是他們班最聰明的學生。Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class.邁克比他們班的其他學生都要聰明。考點3 高考高頻形容詞、副詞immediate adj. 立即的,立刻的,馬上clear adj. 清楚的,清晰的cautious adj. 小心翼翼的vivid adj. 生動的,逼真的exactly adv. 確切地,精確地;恰好地,正好地;(用于答語)完全正確;的確這樣fortunately adv. 幸運地surprisingly adv. 令人驚訝地hardly adv. 幾乎不instead adv. 代替……;相反properly adv. 適當地;正確地;恰當地specially adv. 專門,特地;尤其reliable adj. 可靠的,可信賴的simply adv. 簡單地;僅僅;簡直namely adv. 即,也就是not nearly=far from=nowhere near 遠非,遠遠不,一點也不patient adj. 耐心的 n. 病人plain adj. 簡單的;樸素的familiar adj. 熟悉的lucky adj. 幸運的amazing adj. 令人驚異的;了不起的accidentally adv. 偶然地;意外地silent adj. 沉默的calm adj. 平靜的,冷靜的secret adj. 秘密的otherwise adv. 否則meanwhile adv. 期間,同時besides adv. 除……以外還有efficient adj. 高效的,有效的flexible adj. 靈活的complex adj. 復雜的smooth adj. 平穩的;光滑的;順利的regularly adv. 定期地,有規律地sensitive adj. 敏感的;有感知力的,能理解的honest adj. 誠實的confident adj. 自信的shy adj. 害羞的,羞澀的thoughtful adj. 深思的,沉思的;周到的,體貼的lighthearted adj. 無憂無慮的optimistic adj. 樂觀的nevertheless adv. 然而private adj. 私人的personal adj. 個人的unique adj. 唯一的,獨一無二的;獨特的favorable adj. 贊同的,有利的precious adj. 寶貴的,珍貴的essential adj. 必要的,重要的worthwhile adj. 值得的physical adj. 身體的;物理的;物質的sudden adj. 突然的merely=only adv. 僅僅,只rarely adv. 罕見地splendidly adv. 極好地;壯觀地increasingly adv. 越來越多地naturally adv. 自然地accurate adj. 精確的,準確的ridiculous adj. 可笑的,荒謬的urgent adj. 緊急的,急迫的shallow adj. 淺的;膚淺的frequently adv. 經常地,頻繁地especially=particularly adv. 特別地,尤其地obviously=apparently adv. 顯而易見地necessarily adv. 必要地,必須地;必然地generally adv. 一般地,通常地eventually adv. 最終,最后adoptable adv.可采用的;可收養的acceptable adj. 可以接受的available adj. 可利用的,可使用的;可得到的accessible adj. 可接近的;可得到的;可進入的relatively adv. 相對地,比較地approximately adv. 大約absolutely adv. 絕對地punctual adj. 守時的gentle adj. 溫柔的neatly adv. 整潔地entirely adv. 完全地highly adv. 高度地;非常strongly adv. 強烈地,堅固地extremely adv. 極端地;非常reasonably adv. 合乎情理地eagerly adv. 熱切地;渴望地badly adv. 很,非常slightly adv. 稍微,輕微地equally adv. 平等地lately adv. 最近enthusiastic adj. 熱情的;熱烈的;熱心的energetic adj. 精力充沛的,有活力的talkative adj. 喜歡說話的;多嘴的;健談的impressive adj. 印象深刻的traditional adj. 傳統的practical adj. 實踐的,實際的similar adj. 類似的,相似的convenient adj. 方便的,便利的sooner or later 遲早,早晚more or less 或多或少,差不多,幾乎once in a while 偶爾,時不時地now and then 偶爾,有時willingly adv. 情愿地unexpectedly adv. 出乎意料地unwillingly adv. 不情愿地unforgettable adj. 難忘的doubtful adj. 可疑的;令人生疑的;疑心的;不能確定的hardly=scarcely adv. 幾乎不respectable adj. 值得尊敬的respectful adj. 恭敬的,有禮貌的distinguished adj. 著名的;卓著的;高貴的complicated adj. 難懂的,復雜的awkward=clumsy adj. 笨拙的previous adj. 以前的四、專項練習I. 單句改錯。(僅限1處)1. We have made greatly progress with the help of the teacher.2. Now I’m improving my English great. And I’m getting more and more interested in learning it.3. While waiting for the ambulance, I took off my coat to keep the old man warmly.4. Talking with your parent more frequent, as far as I’m concerned, is good for you.5. Your sister doesn’t look good today. Maybe she is ill.6. The population in and around San Francisco is now ten times more than it was in 1906.7. When they came into the room, they checked the rooms as carefully as possibly.8. The children were exciting at the news that their parents would return from abroad.9. The tomatoes I picked are much more redder than yours.10. He pushed the stick deeply into the mud.II. 在空白處填寫1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。11. There was an accident at the corner. ______(lucky), the girl wasn’t ______(bad)hurt.12. The Yellow River is the second ______(long)river in our country.13. He knows nothing about the matter, so he can’t tell us ______ important, I think.14. Most of the students think a lion is much ______(dangerous)than a bear and it is the ______(dangerous)animal in the world.15. All the students in the classroom were ______(deep)touched by his story.16. They stayed in the snow for several days, cold and ______(tire).17. My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice ______ expensive.18. Not all the customers are ______(interest)in financial details.19. ______(fortunate), I was in time for the interview.20. These ______ children looked at the ______ tsunami with ______ eyes.(frighten)Ⅲ. 單項選擇。21. The ukulele is a ______ instrument, which resembles a guitar.A. Hawaiian musical smallB. small musical HawaiianC. Hawaiian small musicalD. small Hawaiian musical22. —The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting.—But I think it’s ______ than the films I have ever seen.A. far more interestingB. much less interestingC. no more interestingD. any less interesting23. After the long journey, the Smiths returned home, ______.A. safe but tiredB. safely but tiredC. safe and tiringD. safely and tiring24. I don’t care if a hunting dog smells ______, but I really don’t want him to smell ______.A. well; wellB. bad; badC. well; badlyD. badly; bad25. When you study the local map, you’ll find this town is ______.A. twice the size of that oneB. twice as a large town as thatC. twice as larger as that oneD. twice as larger a town as that26. —Did you enjoy yourself at the party —Yes. I’ve never been to ______ one before.A. a more excitedB. the most excitedC. a more excitingD. the most exciting27. Let’s make it at seven o’clock on Tuesday morning at my office if ______.A. you’re convenientB. it is convenient for youC. you feel convenientD. it is convenient with you28. ______, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.A. HopefullyB. NormallyC. ThankfullyD. Conveniently29. Playing on a frozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun. Isn’t it rather risky, ______ A. thoughB. alsoC. eitherD. too30. Studies show that people are more ______ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.A. likelyB. possibleC. probableD. sureIV. 閱讀下列短文,在空白處填寫1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。As the labor market becomes more 31 (attract), more companies are sending their employees to school. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles is the latest company 32 (use)tuition assistance for employees. And while the impact of such programs has yet to be 33 (full)assessed, many see it as a positive—although gradual—movement.“For workers, it gives them a 34 (good)opportunity for development,” says Colleen Flaherty Manchester, a professor. Largely driving the trend are Millennials, who happen to be the fastest-growing people in the US workforce today and to whom the idea of tuition support from employers is 35 (especial)appealing.Employers are 36 (absolute)adapting to Millennials in the workplace. They recognize that they need 37 (much)experience, more knowledge, more mentoring to be 38 (success). And they’re asking for it.Of more than 140,000 Starbucks employees, only about 4,000 have signed up for the company’s College Achievement Plan. What the long-term effects such programs might have for companies’ retention and turnover rates remain unclear. 39 , the pluses(優點,益處)of these programs are 40 (important)than the minuses(不利之處). We’re going to see a lot more of this in the future.五、答案解析I.1. greatly改為great 考查形容詞。make great progress意為“取得重大進步”,progress為名詞,需用形容詞修飾。2. great改為greatly 考查副詞。此處是副詞作狀語,修飾現在分詞improving。3. warmly改為warm 考查形容詞。此處是keep的復合結構,即“keep+賓語+形容詞”。4. frequent改為frequently 考查副詞。此處是副詞作狀語,修飾動名詞Talking。5. good改為well考查形容詞。表示“身體好”用形容詞well(健康的)。6. more改為larger 考查比較級。表示“人口比……多或少”,形容詞只能用larger/smaller。7. possibly改為possible 考查比較級。as... as possible 意為“盡可能……地”,為固定句型。8. exciting改為excited 考查形容詞。過去分詞形式的形容詞excited作表語意為“感到興奮的”;現在分詞形式的形容詞exciting作表語意為“令人高興的”。該句中,孩子們得知父母將回國感到很高興,故應使用excited。9. 去掉more 考查比較級。比較級前可以用much, even, far, a lot, a great deal等詞修飾。redder本身為比較級,無需使用more。10. deeply改為deep 考查副詞。deep的意思是“深”,表示空間深度,有具體的含義;deeply時常表示感情上的深度,“深深地”,有抽象含義。II.11. Luckily; badly 考查副詞。句意:在街角出了一起事故,幸運的是,這個小女孩受傷不嚴重。第一空修飾全句需用副詞,第二空修飾過去分詞hurt也要用副詞。12. longest 考查比較級。句意:黃河是我國第二長河。根據the second和in our country 確定應該填入long的最高級。“the+序數詞+形容詞最高級”表示“第幾……”。13. anything 考查形容詞修飾不定代詞。句意:對這件事他一無所知,因此我認為他不會告訴我們什么重要的事情。不定代詞與形容詞連用需后置,否定句中應該用anything而不是something。14. more dangerous;most dangerous 考查比較級和最高級。句意:大多數學生認為獅子比熊更加危險,覺得它是世界上最危險的動物。15. deeply考查副詞。句意:教室里的所有學生都被他的故事深深地感動了。此處是副詞作狀語,修飾動詞touch。deep也有副詞詞性,但是表示物理空間上的深度,而deeply表示情感方面的深度。16. tired考查形容詞作狀語。句意:他們在雪地里待了幾天,又冷又累。形容詞或形容詞短語可以作狀語,表示結果和狀態等。17. as 考查倍數表達法。這里的倍數是twice,由expensive這一原級可知,這里使用了as... as...這一比較結構,在具體的語境中,后面的一個as以及后面的成分可以承前省略,即這里的expensive后面省略了as ours。18. interested考查be interested in的搭配。句意:不是所有顧客對金融細節感興趣。19. Fortunately考查評注性副詞作狀語??疾樾稳菰~。句意:幸運的是,我及時趕上了面試。20. frightened; frightening; frightened考查以-ing, -ed結尾的形容詞的區別。句意:受驚的孩子們以驚恐的眼神看著那可怕的海嘯。frightened意為“感到害怕的”,frightening 意為“令人感到害怕的”。 -ed形容詞可以修飾voice, expression, look等名詞,表示透過某人的聲音和表情而顯示出某人的內心感受。Ⅲ.21. D 考查多個形容詞作定語的排列順序。句意:尤克里里是夏威夷的一種小型樂器,有點像吉他。當名詞前面有幾個形容詞作修飾語時,一般按下列次序排列:限定詞+描繪形容詞+形狀+大小+顏色+國籍+原材料。22. A 考查比較級。句意:——我得說,這部電影一點都不令人感興趣?!矣X得這可比我看過的電影有趣多了。程度副詞可修飾形容詞比較級,放于比較級前。根據應答者說的but...可以判斷,此處應答者與前面一位說話者的看法不同,應選A。23. A 考查形容詞作狀語以及動詞的-ed與-ing形式在句中的用法區別。句意:經過長途旅行,史密斯夫婦安全地返回了家,很勞累。根據題干意義可知,空格部分是用來補充說明句子主語是怎樣的,故選用形容詞作狀語,表示“人感到累”應用tired,由于選項是兩個意義不一致的形容詞,故用轉折連詞but 連接。實際上,該句相當于...the Smiths returned home and they were safe but tired。24. D 考查形容詞與副詞用法。句意:我并不介意一條獵狗的嗅覺好不好,但我的確不希望它的氣味難聞。此題容易誤選B,認為兩個smell 均為系動詞,后接形容詞作表語。事實上,句中的第一個smell為實義動詞,意為“聞氣味”,smell badly意為“嗅覺差”;第二個smell為系動詞,意為“聞起來(有某種氣味)”,smell bad意為“聞起來氣味難聞”。25. A 考查倍數的表達方式。句意:當你研究當地的地圖時,你會發現這座城鎮是那個城鎮的兩倍大。表示倍數可以用:A is+倍數+the+名詞(如size/length)+of B,因而A項正確。B項中不定冠詞位置錯誤,正確的應為twice as large a town as that;C、D項中as后應用形容詞原級。26. C 考查隱含式比較級。由Yes可知,“我從未參加過(比這個晚會)更令人興奮的晚會。”指晚會是“令人興奮的”,排除選項A和B;由語境可知是隱含式比較級:以往經歷過的任何一次與這一次晚會相比,排除D。27. B 考查形容詞相關表達。容易誤選A或C,因為漢語中的“如果你方便的話”直譯為if you are convenient或if you feel convenient。最佳答案為B,因為英語中的convenient不是表示“感到方便的”,而是表示“使人感到方便的”,所以be convenient的主語通常不能是“人”。要表示“如果你方便的話”,英語通常采用if it is convenient for/to you,其中的介詞可用for或to,一般不用with。順便說一句,偶爾也可見到用人或物作be convenient的主語,但此時的句子必須具備這樣的特點:句子主語是其后不定式的邏輯賓語,如:Mary is convenient to see on Sunday./It is convenient to see Mary on Sunday. 星期天去見瑪麗較為方便。28. C 考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:慶幸的是,我終于打完了比賽,其中的辛苦沒有白費。hopefully充滿希望地;normally正常地;thankfully慶幸地;conveniently方便地。根據句意,選C。29. A 考查副詞辨析。句意:在冰場上玩耍聽起來很有趣。不過,會不會很危險呢?根據前后兩句之前是明顯的轉折關系,所以選擇though。有些副詞還可以作連詞,作副詞時常放在句末。如:though,(ever)since, in case等。例如:He is old. He works hard,though.=Though he is old, he works hard. 雖然他年事已高,但他工作還是很努力。30. A 考查形容詞詞義辨析。所填詞作表語,主語是人,由more來修飾,意思是“可能”,選A。其中四個選項中possible和probable也都有“可能的”之意,但它們作表語時主語只能是物,sure在此處意思不恰當。Ⅳ.語篇解讀:越來越多的公司送員工去學校深造。31. attractive 考查形容詞構詞。此處應為形容詞作表語。32. to use 考查非謂語動詞。中心詞被形容詞最高級或者序數詞修飾,后面一般用動詞不定式作定語。33. fully 考查副詞構詞。此處副詞作狀語修飾動詞。34. better 考查形容詞比較級。根據后文內容可知暗含比較。35. especially 考查副詞構詞。此處副詞作狀語修飾動詞。36. absolutely 考查副詞構詞。此處副詞作狀語修飾動詞。37. more 考查形容詞比較級。根據后文more knowledge, more mentoring可知,此處空格需填入more,與后面的內容并列。38. successful 考查形容詞構詞。根據空格前的be 判斷應填入success的形容詞。39. However 考查連接副詞。根據上下文可知此處為轉折關系。40. more important 考查形容詞比較級。根據后文than the minuses可知,此處應使用比較級。the pluses意為“有利之處”,the minuses意思是“不利之處”。 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫