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Unit 2 Getting along重要詞匯用法拆解學案(練習題+答案解析)【外研版2024英語八年級英語上冊】

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Unit 2 Getting along重要詞匯用法拆解學案(練習題+答案解析)【外研版2024英語八年級英語上冊】

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/ 讓教學更有效 高效備考 | 英語學科
Unit 2 Getting along重要詞匯用法解析
內容提要:
詞匯用法講解
重點短語歸納
分類記憶拓展
詞匯鞏固練習題
練習題答案解析
一、核心單詞講解
1. selfish /'self / adj. 自私的
常用搭配:a selfish person 自私的人;
selfish behavior 自私的行為
例句:"How selfish I've been!" he says.
(《The Selfish Giant》第 7 段)他說:“我曾經多么自私啊!”
拓展:反義詞 unselfish(無私的)
giant /'d a nt/ n. 巨人;
高大的人或物
常用搭配:a giant in the story 故事中的巨人;
giant steps 巨大的進步
例句:The Selfish Giant 自私的巨人(課文標題)
詞源:源自希臘語 “gigas”,意為 “巨人”
shout / a t/ v. 大喊
常用搭配:shout at sb. 對某人大喊;
shout out 大聲說出
例句:"What are you doing here " he shouts in a very angry voice.
(第 2 段)他用非常憤怒的聲音喊道:“你們在這里做什么?”
辨析:shout(憤怒或激動地喊)vs whisper(低語)
since /s ns/ prep. 自從…… 以來
常用搭配:since then 從那以后;
since + 時間點 自從……
例句:Since then, he hasn't seen a child there.(第 3 段)
從那以后,他再也沒在那里見過孩子。
語法點:引導現在完成時(has/have + 過去分詞)
nor /n / conj. 也不(用于否定句后)
常用搭配:neither...nor... 既不…… 也不……;
nor + 倒裝句
例句:But spring never comes, nor summer.(第 5 段)
但春天從未到來,夏天也沒有。
注意:nor 后接動詞時需倒裝(如:Nor did he reply.)
hole /h l/ n. 洞,孔,坑
常用搭配:a hole in the wall 墻上的洞;
dig a hole 挖洞
例句:The Giant sees a hole in the wall.(第 7 段)
巨人看到墻上有個洞。
同音詞:whole(完整的)
afraid / 'fre d/ adj. 害怕的,恐懼的,擔心的
常用搭配:be afraid of sth. 害怕某物;
be afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事
例句:The children look afraid.
(第 8 段)孩子們看起來很害怕。
拓展:afraid + that 從句(I'm afraid that... 恐怕……)
return /r 't n/ v. 返回,歸還
常用搭配:return to + 地點 回到某地;
return sth. to sb. 把某物歸還給某人
例句:The children return, and the garden is lively again.
(閱讀圖表)孩子們回來,花園又變得生機勃勃。
詞形變化:return n. 回歸(如:the return of spring 春天的回歸)
lively /'la vli/ adj. 充滿活力的,生氣勃勃的,活躍的
常用搭配:a lively discussion 熱烈的討論;
lively music 活潑的音樂
例句:The children return, and the garden is lively again.
(閱讀圖表)孩子們回來,花園又變得生機勃勃。
辨析:lively(充滿活力的)vs alive(活著的)
argue /'ɑ ɡju / v. 爭論,辯論
常用搭配:argue with sb. 與某人爭論;
argue about sth. 爭論某事
例句:Two local families... argued over the dividing line.
(Reading for writing 第 2 段)兩個當地家庭…… 為分界線爭吵。
名詞:argument(爭論)
agreement / 'ɡri m nt/ n. 意見一致,協議
常用搭配:reach an agreement 達成一致;
in agreement with 同意
例句:They couldn't reach an agreement.
(第 2 段)他們無法達成一致。
詞形變化:agree v. 同意
ashamed / ' e md/ adj. 慚愧的
常用搭配:be ashamed of sth. 為某事感到羞愧;
be ashamed to do sth. 羞于做某事
例句:After reading it, the Zhang family felt ashamed.
(第 3 段)讀完后,張家感到慚愧。
拓展:ashamedly adv. 慚愧地
drift /dr ft/ v. 漂泊,隨意移動
常用搭配:drift along 隨波逐流;drift apart 逐漸疏遠
例句:as time continues to drift 隨著時間繼續流逝(詩中句子)
名詞:drift n. 漂流(如:the drift of the boat 船的漂流)
二、重點短語歸納
短語
釋義
例句
課文出處
shout at
對…… 大喊
He shouts at them in a very angry voice.
Understanding ideas 第 2 段
since then
從那以后
Since then, he hasn't seen a child there.
Understanding ideas 第 3 段
neither...nor...
既不…… 也不……
But spring never comes, nor summer.
Understanding ideas 第 5 段
be afraid of
害怕……
I guess I'm just afraid.
Developing ideas 對話
argue over
為…… 爭吵
Two families argued over the dividing line.
Reading for writing 第 2 段
reach an agreement
達成一致
They couldn't reach an agreement.
Reading for writing 第 2 段
三、單詞分類記憶拓展
人物性格與行為
selfish /'self /adj. 自私的
搭配:a selfish person /behavior 反義:unselfish
giant /'d a nt/n. 巨人
搭配:the Selfish Giant(標題);a giant in stories
shout / a t/v. 大喊
搭配:shout at sb.;shout in an angry voice
argue /'ɑ ɡju /v. 爭論
搭配:argue over sth.;argue with sb.
二、情感與心理狀態
afraid / 'fre d/adj. 害怕的
搭配:be afraid of sth.;look afraid
ashamed / ' e md/adj. 慚愧的
搭配:feel ashamed;be ashamed of sth.
uncertain / n's tn/adj. 不確定的
搭配:feel uncertain;be uncertain about
邏輯與時間關系
since /s ns/prep. 自從
搭配:since then;since + 時間點
nor /n /conj. 也不
搭配:neither...nor...;nor + 倒裝句
whenever /wen'ev r/conj. 每當
搭配:whenever + 句子
故事元素與場景
hole /h l/n. 洞
搭配:a hole in the wall;dig a hole
return /r 't n/v. 返回
搭配:return to + 地點;return sth. to sb.
lively /'la vli/adj. 充滿活力的
搭配:a lively garden;lively discussion
lane /le n/n. 巷
搭配:narrow lane;Liu Chi Xiang(Six-chi Lane)
沖突與解決
divide /d 'va d/v. 分開
搭配:dividing line;divide...into...
agreement / 'ɡri m nt/n. 一致
搭配:reach an agreement;in agreement
poem /p m/n. 詩
搭配:write a poem;poem in the story
文化與拓展
drift /dr ft/v. 漂泊
搭配:as time drifts;drift along
neighbor /'ne b /n. 鄰居
搭配:give up to neighbor;good neighbor
語法相關(現在完成時)
since /s ns/ 時間標志
用法:since + 過去時間點 → 主句用現在完成時
例句:The 74-year-old has sold ice creams for 17 years.(Grammar 部分)
for /f / 時間段
用法:for + 時間段 → 與現在完成時連用
例句:He has done this for 4 years.(Grammar 部分)
重點短語
短語 釋義 例句
shout at 對…… 大喊 He shouts at them in anger.
since then 從那以后 No children came since then.
argue over 為…… 爭吵 Families argue over the line.
reach an agreement 達成一致 They couldn't reach an agreement.
step back 退讓 Step back three chi.
詞匯練習題
一、詞匯選擇題
1. The little boy was too ______ to speak in front of the class.
A. selfish B. afraid C. lively D. giant
2. They ______ about who should clean the room yesterday.
A. shouted B. returned C. argued D. drifted
3. ______ then, she has never missed a class.
A. Since B. Nor C. Although D. Instead
4. The ______ in the wall allowed the children to enter the garden.
A. hole B. lane C. market D. gift
5. Don't be ______! You should share your snacks with others.
A. lively B. selfish C. afraid D. wise
6. The garden became ______ again after the children came back.
A. empty B. crowded C. lively D. narrow
7. She felt ______ because she lied to her friend.
A. ashamed B. cheerful C. uncertain D. priceless
8. We couldn't ______ an agreement on where to go for vacation.
A. reach B. shout C. return D. argue
9. The story is about a ______ who learns to share.
A. wizard B. giant C. neighbor D. athlete
10. "I don't like coffee, ______ do I like tea."
A. so B. nor C. but D. and
二、詞匯填空題
1. The ______ (selfishness) man never helps his neighbors.
2. She ______ (shout) at me when she saw the broken vase.
3. We have been friends ______ (since/for) five years.
4. His ______ (agree) to help made us very happy.
5. The ______ (lively) of the party made everyone excited.
6. They ______ (argument) over the best movie last night.
7. I'm ______ (shame) of what I said to my mother.
8. The ______ (giant) steps in science amazed us all.
9. ______ (lucky), he found the missing key in the garden.
10. The ______ (divide) line between the two countries is clear.
三、句子翻譯題
1. 他對我大喊,因為我弄壞了他的自行車。(shout at)
2. 自從上周以來,她就沒見過那個巨人。(since)
3. 我們不應該自私,而應該學會分享。(selfish)
4. 他們為了一條分界線爭吵,無法達成一致。(argue over; reach an agreement)
5. 墻上的洞讓孩子們能進入花園。(hole)
6. 讀完這首詩后,他感到很慚愧。(ashamed)
詞匯練習題答案與解析
選擇題
(1-5 BCAAB 6-10 CAABB)
1. B. afraid:too...to... 結構,“太害怕而不敢說話”。
2. C. argued:argue about sth. 爭論某事,符合 “為誰打掃房間爭吵”。
3. A. Since:since then 從那以后,與現在完成時連用。
4. A. hole:墻上的 “洞” 讓孩子進入花園,其他選項不符合語境。
5. B. selfish:“不要自私,應該分享零食”,selfish 含貶義。
6. C. lively:孩子們回來后花園變得 “生機勃勃”,lively 表示充滿活力。
7. A. ashamed:撒謊后感到 “慚愧”,ashamed 符合內疚的情緒。
8. A. reach:reach an agreement 達成一致,固定搭配。
9. B. giant:故事關于學會分享的 “巨人”,對應課文《The Selfish Giant》。
10. B. nor:neither...nor... 固定結構,“既不喜歡咖啡,也不喜歡茶”。
二、填空題
1. selfish:形容詞修飾 man,selfishness 為名詞,需轉換。
2. shouted:根據 saw 可知用過去式,shout at sb. 對某人大喊。
3. for:for + 時間段(五年),since + 時間點。
4. agreement:his 后接名詞,agree 的名詞形式為 agreement。
5. liveliness:the + 名詞,lively 的名詞為 liveliness(活力)。
6. argued:last night 提示過去式,argument 為名詞,此處需動詞。
7. ashamed:be ashamed of 固定搭配,shame 轉換為形容詞。
8. giant:giant steps 巨大的進步,giant 作形容詞 “巨大的”。
9. Luckily:副詞修飾整個句子,lucky 變副詞加 - ly。
10. dividing:dividing line 分界線,現在分詞作定語。
三、翻譯題
1. He shouted at me because I broke his bike.
(解析:shout at sb. 對某人大喊,用過去式與 broke 呼應。)
She hasn't seen the giant since last week.
(解析:since + 時間點,用現在完成時 hasn't seen。)
We shouldn't be selfish, but learn to share.
(解析:selfish 形容詞作表語,but 連接轉折句。)
They argued over a dividing line and couldn't reach an agreement.
(解析:argue over 為…… 爭吵,reach an agreement 達成一致。)
The hole in the wall allowed the children to enter the garden.
(解析:allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事,hole 作主語。)
He felt ashamed after reading the poem.
(解析:feel ashamed 感到慚愧,after + 動名詞結構。)

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