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Unit 3 Make it happen! 重要詞匯用法拆解學案(練習題+答案解析)【外研版2024英語八年級英語上冊】

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Unit 3 Make it happen! 重要詞匯用法拆解學案(練習題+答案解析)【外研版2024英語八年級英語上冊】

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/ 讓教學更有效 高效備考 | 英語學科
Unit 3 Make it happen! 重要詞匯用法解析
內容提要:
詞匯用法講解
重點短語歸納
詞匯鞏固練習題
練習題答案解析
一、核心單詞講解
1. fair /fe (r)/ n. 展覽會,
集市
常用搭配:science fair 科學展覽會;
at a fair 在展覽會上
例句:Easton LaChappelle stood beside his work at a science fair.
(《A helping hand》第 1 段)
拓展:fair adj. 公平的
artificial / ɑ t f l/ adj. 人造的,人工的
常用搭配:artificial arm 假肢;
artificial intelligence 人工智能
例句:"Hello," said a girl with an artificial arm.(第 2 段)
詞形變化:artificially adv. 人造地
cost /k st/ v. 價格為,需支付,花費(金錢)
常用搭配:cost + 金額 花費…… 錢;
cost sb. sth. 使某人付出……
例句:Her artificial arm was just a simple hook, but it cost $80,000.(第 3 段)
注意:過去式 / 過去分詞同形(cost-cost)
lend /lend/ v. 幫助;搭把手
;借出
常用搭配:lend a hand 幫助;
lend sth. to sb. 把某物借給某人
例句:"I must lend a hand to people like her."(第 4 段)
辨析:lend(借出)vs borrow(借入)
3-D printer /θri di pr nt (r)/ n. 三維打印機
常用搭配:use a 3-D printer 使用三維打印機;3-D printing 三維打印
例句:For his 16th birthday, Easton got a 3-D printer.(第 5 段)
拓展:three-dimensional(全稱)
brain /bre n/ n. 腦,大腦
常用搭配:brain signals 大腦信號;
use one's brain 動腦筋
例句:It was able to move with brain signals of the user.(第 5 段)
復合詞:brainstorm v. 頭腦風暴
weigh /we / v. 重,重量是,稱…… 的重量
常用搭配:weigh + 重量 重……;
weigh oneself 稱體重
例句:The arm weighed 3.6 kilograms.(第 5 段)
詞形變化:weight n. 重量
fix /f ks/ v. 解決(問題);
修理
常用搭配:fix a problem 解決問題;
fix a machine 修理機器
例句:He enjoyed fixing problems one after another.(第 6 段)
同義:solve v. 解決
invention / n ven n/ n. 發明(物)
常用搭配:make an invention 做出發明;
the importance of invention 發明的重要性
例句:Easton's invention has helped many children.(第 7 段)
詞形變化:invent v. 發明
download / da n l d/ v. 下載
常用搭配:download a design 下載設計;
download from 從…… 下載
例句:People can download the design.(第 7 段)
反義:upload v. 上傳
apply / pla / v. 應用,運用,申請
常用搭配:apply to 應用于;
apply for 申請
例句:He hoped to apply it to real life.(Grammar 部分)
詞形變化:application n. 應用(App)
smart /smɑ t/ adj. 智能的,
聰明的
常用搭配:smart machine 智能機器;
smart phone 智能手機
例句:Shantanu invented a smart walking stick.(Grammar 部分)
同義:intelligent adj. 智能的
warn /w n/ v. 警告,提醒,告誡
常用搭配:warn sb. about sth. 提醒某人注意某事;
warn sb. not to do 警告某人不要做
例句:A smart machine to warn them about objects.(Grammar 部分)
詞形變化:warning n. 警告
curiosity / kj ri s ti/ n. 好奇心,求知欲
常用搭配:out of curiosity 出于好奇;
curiosity about 對…… 的好奇
例句:The greatest inventions need curiosity.(Reading for writing 第 1 段)
詞形變化:curious adj. 好奇的
electricity / lek tr s ti/ n. 電,電學
常用搭配:generate electricity 發電;
electricity bill 電費
例句:Franklin was curious about electricity.(第 2 段)
詞形變化:electric adj. 電的
pioneer / pa n (r)/ n. 先驅,創始人
常用搭配:a pioneer of …… 的先驅;
space pioneer 太空探索先驅
例句:Wan Hu was a pioneer of space exploration.(第 3 段)
詞形變化:pioneering adj. 先驅的
risk /r sk/ n. 冒險,風險
常用搭配:take a risk 冒險;
at risk 處于危險中
例句:Curiosity is more than taking risks.(第 4 段)
動詞用法:risk doing sth. 冒險做某事
二、重點短語歸納
短語
釋義
例句
課文出處
lend a hand
幫助
I must lend a hand to people like her.
Understanding ideas 第 4 段
one after another
一個接一個
He enjoyed fixing problems one after another.
Understanding ideas 第 6 段
come up with
想出
How did Easton come up with the idea
圖表練習
be curious about
對…… 好奇
Franklin was curious about electricity.
Reading for writing 第 2 段
protect...from
保護…… 免受
The lightning rod protects buildings from lightning.
Reading for writing 第 2 段
非謂語動詞總結
不定式(to do)作賓語
decide to do:Easton decided to post his design.(第 7 段)
hope to do:He hoped to apply it to real life.(Grammar 部分)
try to do:He tried to improve his work.(第 5 段)
動名詞(doing)作賓語
enjoy doing:He enjoyed fixing problems.(第 6 段)
keep doing:Easton kept working on it.(第 6 段)
finish doing:Can you finish doing it on time (你能按時完成嗎?)
詞匯練習題
一、詞匯選擇題
1. The science ______ showed many amazing inventions, including Easton's robotic arm.
A. fair B. block C. glue D. risk
2. The ______ arm can move with the user's brain signals.
A. smart B. artificial C. daily D. heavy
3. The new phone ______ only $200, much cheaper than before.
A. costs B. lends C. weighs D. fixes
4. Can you ______ me a hand to carry these books
A. take B. lend C. make D. do
5. Easton used a 3-D ______ to create his artificial arm.
A. brain B. signal C. printer D. hook
6. The smart stick can ______ blind people about objects in front of them.
A. warn B. download C. apply D. cost
7. Curiosity is the key to making new ______.
A. risks B. inventions C. tickets D. troubles
8. Franklin's ______ about electricity led to the lightning rod.
A. talent B. quality C. curiosity D. power
9. Wan Hu was a ______ of space exploration in the Ming Dynasty.
A. pioneer B. scientist C. inventor D. player
10. The robot ______ 0.5 kilograms, much lighter than before.
A. costs B. weighs C. fixes D. lends
二、詞匯填空題
1. The ______ (artifice) flower looks just like a real one.
2. He decided ______ (download) the design from the Internet.
3. The book ______ (cost) me 50 yuan yesterday.
4. Her ______ (curious) about science made her an inventor.
5. The smart machine can ______ (warning) people of danger.
6. Easton enjoys ______ (fix) problems with his inventions.
7. They used a 3-D printer ______ (make) the model.
8. The ______ (weigh) of the box is 2 kilograms.
9. Please apply what you learn ______ real life.
10. The science fair showed many ______ (use) inventions.
三、句子翻譯題
1. 這個機器人手臂是由塑料塊制成的。(be made from)
2. 他決定把設計免費發布到網上。(decide to)
3. 好奇心能帶來新的發現。(bring new discoveries)
4. 這個智能手杖可以警告使用者前方的物體。(warn...about)
5. 她的人造手臂花費了 8 萬美元。(cost)
6. 東森喜歡一個接一個地解決問題。(one after another)
答案與解析
一、詞匯選擇題
1. A. fair
解析:science fair 為固定搭配,意為 “科學展覽會”,符合 “展示許多驚人發明” 的語境。
B. artificial
解析:artificial arm 表示 “假肢”,根據課文中 Jenny 的假肢描述,選 B。
A. costs
解析:cost + 金額表示 “花費…… 錢”,句中 “手機僅花費 200 美元”,故選 A。
B. lend
解析:lend a hand 為固定短語,意為 “幫助”,符合 “幫忙搬書” 的語境。
C. printer
解析:3-D printer “三維打印機”,根據課文中東森使用 3D 打印機的情節,選 C。
A. warn
解析:warn sb. about sth. “提醒某人注意某事”,智能手杖的功能是警告障礙物,選 A。
B. inventions
解析:好奇心帶來新 “發明”,inventions 符合句意,其他選項 “風險 / 門票 / 麻煩” 不符。
C. curiosity
解析:Franklin 對電的 “好奇心” 促使發明避雷針,curiosity 對應課文內容。
A. pioneer
解析:Wan Hu 是太空探索的 “先驅”,pioneer 對應課文中 “space pioneer” 的描述。
B. weighs
解析:weigh + 重量表示 “重量為”,機器人重 0.5 千克,故選 B。
二、詞匯填空題
1. artificial(形容詞,修飾 flower)
2. to download(decide to do 不定式結構)
3. cost(過去式,與 yesterday 呼應)
4. curiosity(名詞,作主語)
5. warn(情態動詞 can 后接動詞原形)
6. fixing(enjoy doing 動名詞結構)
7. to make(use...to do 不定式表目的)
8. weight(名詞,the weight of... 的重量)
9. to(apply...to... 應用于)
10. useful(形容詞,修飾 inventions)
三、句子翻譯題
1. This robotic arm is made from plastic blocks.
(解析:be made from“由…… 制成”,對應課文中 “built out of plastic blocks”。)
He decided to post the design online for free.
(解析:decide to do “決定做”,for free “免費”,參考課文第 7 段。)
Curiosity can bring new discoveries.
(解析:bring new discoveries “帶來新發現”,對應 Reading for writing 第 2 段。)
This smart walking stick can warn users about objects in front.
(解析:warn...about“警告…… 關于”,結合 Grammar 部分內容。)
Her artificial arm cost $80,000.
(解析:cost + 金額,注意過去式與原形同形,參考課文第 3 段。)
Easton enjoys fixing problems one after another.
(解析:one after another “一個接一個”,對應課文第 6 段 “fixing problems one after another”。)

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