資源簡介 / 讓學(xué)習(xí)更有效 新課備課備考 | 英語學(xué)科/ 讓學(xué)習(xí)更有效 新課備課備考 | 英語學(xué)科2025年滬教版(五四學(xué)制)(2024)新八年級英語上冊精講精練Unit 1 Water核心語法:被動語態(tài)一、基本概念被動語態(tài)(Passive Voice)表示主語是動作的承受者,強調(diào)動作本身而非執(zhí)行者。基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:be動詞 + 過去分詞(V-ed)。二、構(gòu)成方式(以do為例)時態(tài) 主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時 do/does am/is/are done一般過去時 did was/were done一般將來時 will do will be done現(xiàn)在進行時 am/is/are doing am/is/are being done過去進行時 was/were doing was/were being done現(xiàn)在完成時 have/has done have/has been done過去完成時 had done had been done三、使用場景1、強調(diào)動作承受者:The book was written by Lu Xun.2、動作執(zhí)行者未知或不重要:My bike was stolen yesterday.3、客觀描述科學(xué)事實:Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.4、避免提及動作執(zhí)行者:Mistakes were made in the report.四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換(主動→被動)將主動句的賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z根據(jù)時態(tài)選用相應(yīng)的be動詞將主動詞變?yōu)檫^去分詞原主語用by引出(可省略)示例:主動:The workers built this bridge in 2020.被動:This bridge was built (by the workers) in 2020.五、特殊結(jié)構(gòu)處理帶情態(tài)動詞:結(jié)構(gòu):情態(tài)動詞 + be + V-edThey should finish the work. → The work should be finished.雙賓語動詞(give/send/show等):兩種被動形式:He gave me a book. →(1) I was given a book.(2) A book was given to me.短語動詞(look after, turn on等):必須保留介詞/副詞:They turned off the lights. → The lights were turned off.六、易錯點分析1、遺漏be動詞: The letter send yesterday. ( ) The letter was sent yesterday. (√)2、誤用過去式代替過去分詞: The window was broke. ( ) The window was broken. (√)3、不必要使用被動語態(tài): English is spoken by me every day. ( ) I speak English every day. (√)4、by與with混淆: The cake was made with my mother. ( ) The cake was made by my mother. (√) The cake was made with eggs and flour. (√)1.A new building ________ in our school next year.A.will be built B.is built C.is being built D.has been built2.Our club was ________ by a group of students who shared the same hobby. A.found B.founded C.discovered D.started 3.The meeting will ________ at 8 o’clock.A.be held B.hold C.takes place D.be taken place4.The work ________ finished in two hours.A.is B.was C.will be5.The birthday present ________ by my mother.A.sends B.sent C.is sent D.a(chǎn)re sent6.—Did you come to Jim’s birthday party, Mike —No, because I ________.A.didn’t invite B.wasn’t invited C.isn’t invited D.doesn’t invite7.—The streets in our city are always clean.—You know they ________ by the hard-working cleaners every day.A.have cleaned B.will clean C.a(chǎn)re cleaning D.a(chǎn)re cleaned8.The pet dog is warm and loving. It _________ as a son of my family.A.treats B.is treated C.treated D.was treated9.A lot of birds ________ in nature parks every year.A.protect B.is protected C.a(chǎn)re protected D.protected10.Look! The roof ________ fallen leaves.A.is covered with B.covered withC.is covered D.covered11.Now there are too many apps on the phone. For users who don’t want them, space on the phone ________.A.takes away B.is taken away C.takes up D.is taken up12.A great number of beautiful flowers ________ on the second ring road in Chengdu these days.A.plant B.a(chǎn)re planted C.a(chǎn)re planting13.A lot of trees ________ around here every year, and we can enjoy fresh air now.A.were planted B.a(chǎn)re planted C.will plant14.He __________ a chance to work in a big company but he didn’t accept it.A.offered B.was offered C.was offering D.has offered15.The baby should ________ at home.A.be taken care B.be taken care of C.take care of16.In my opinion, every child should ________ to follow the traffic rules by their parents.A.educate B.be educatingC.educated D.be educated17.— Why didn’t you go to the party last night — Because I ________.A.wasn’t invited B.didn’t invite C.haven’t invited D.don’t invite18.Now Chinese couples ________ to have three children.A.a(chǎn)llow B.a(chǎn)llowed C.a(chǎn)re allowed D.were allowed19.It’s said that ________ of the water around the world ________ polluted.A.two thirds; has B.two thirds; is C.two third; are D.two thirds; have20.Many bridges and houses ________ in the flood last month.A.is destroyed B.a(chǎn)re destroyed C.was destroyed D.were destroyed21.It’s wrong that the children ________ all day.A.make to study B.make studyingC.a(chǎn)re made studying D.a(chǎn)re made to study22.The forest ________ with surprises.A.was full B.full C.has filled D.was filled23.I want to know if an English Singing Competition ________ next month.A.will hold B.will be held C.holds D.is held24.Five more clubs ________ next week to make our school life rich and colorful.A.set up B.a(chǎn)re set up C.will be set up D.were set up25.The light bulb ________ by Thomas Edison.A.invented B.is invented C.was invented D.inventing26.I ________ TV on Sundays, but on weekdays I can’t watch TV.A.a(chǎn)m allowed watch B.a(chǎn)m allowed to watchC.a(chǎn)llow watch D.a(chǎn)llow to watch27.The new library ________ to the public last month and has already attracted many visitors.A.opened B.is opening C.was opened D.opens28.A large number of engineers ________ to Africa by our government to help the people there every year.A.have sent B.will send C.a(chǎn)re sent D.were sent29.—Look! What an amazing Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge!—Yeah. It ________ in 2018.A.completed B.was completed C.would completed D.had completed30.—Mmm…Delicious. What is it —It ________ zongzi, Tony. It’s a traditional food in China.A.calls B.is called C.called D.was called31.The tall building ________ because of the fire.A.had been damaged B.was damaged C.was damaging D.damaged32.The next Summer Olympics ________ in Paris in 2024.A.will hold B.will be held C.is held D.is holding33.—Have you ever been to a country where Chinese ________as a foreign language —No, I haven’t.A.speaks B.spoke C.is spoken D.was spoken34.The scissors ________ cut the wool _________ the sheep.A.a(chǎn)re used to; off B.is used to; off C.a(chǎn)re used to; down D.is used to; down35.—Have you gotten ready for the trip —Yes. Everything ________ already.A.packs B.is packing C.is packed D.will pack36.What time ________ the door ________ every day A.does; closed B.does; close C.is; closed D./; close37.A new English play ________ there next week.A.will put on B.will be put onC.is going to put on D.will be putted on38.During the Tang Dynasty, nearly everything produced in the world ________ on the streets of Chang’an.A.should been found B.could be found C.had been found D.must be found39.—You should return the book to Mike. It ________ him.—Sure.A.belongs to B.is belongedC.is belonging to D.is being belonged to40.The construction of the two new railway lines ________ by now.A.has completed B.have completed C.have been completed D.has been completed41.Cotton ________ in the southeast of China.A.is grown B.a(chǎn)re grown C.grew D.grow42.—The number of old people in China is increasing rapidly.—I believe they ________ better care of in the future with the development of our country.A.can take B.a(chǎn)re taking C.a(chǎn)re taken D.can be taken43.—Excuse me. When can we play badminton at the court —Not until it ________ next week.A.repairs B.is repaired C.will be repaired44.In winter, the town ________ by snow, so most of time we have to stay at home.A.cut off B.is cut off C.cuts down D.is cut down45.It is said that Asian culture village inside the AYG village in Nanjing in the coming Asian Youth Games period.A.builds B.is building C.will be built46.The meeting ________ the safety of school bus ________ yesterday.A.on; was held B.on; held C.a(chǎn)bout; holds47.—How long may I ________ your magazine .—For one week. But it mustn’t ________ to others.A.borrow; lend B.keep; be lent C.lend; be borrowed48.—Do you know when we will leave —I’m not sure. I will tell you about it when the time ________.A.is fixed B.fixed C.be fixed D.will be fixed49.—Look at the boy with green hair. It’s cool.—But I don’t think students ________ to color their hair.A.should be not allowed B.shouldn’t be allowed C.should be allowed D.should allow50.—How many cakes can I have, Mom 一None, dear. They ________ for your father.A.prepare B.prepared C.have prepared D.were prepared51.Big Ben is________one of the symbols of both London and Britain.A.considered for B.think of C.regarded as D.treat as52.Whom ________ the car ________ by in this accident A.did; drive B.does; drive C.is; driven D.was; driven53.The 24th Winter Olympics ________ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022, from February 4th to 20th.A.held B.was held C.will be held D.has been held54.— An international meeting will take place in Beijing this year.— Yes. I hear thousands of guests ________ to the meeting then.A.will be invited B.will invite C.a(chǎn)re invited D.invite55.How many trees ________ A.a(chǎn)re planted B.is planted C.will plant56.The song reminded me of the old golden days as soon as it ________.A.played B.plays C.was played57.The mountain ________ snow all year round. So it’s hard to climb it.A.covered B.was covered withC.is covered with D.cover58.The last picture of the famous painter _______ last week.A.was selling B.was sold C.sold D.has sold59.—“Frog”, Mo Yan's latest novel, please!—Sorry, it ________ just now. But it will come out again soon.A.sold out B.is sold out C.has sold out D.was sold out60.As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese ________ in more and more schools out of our country.A.teaches B.is taught C.has taught D.was taught61.You can’t wear shoes inside this place. It _________.A.doesn’t allow B.isn’t allowed C.hasn’t allowed D.wasn’t allowed62.These walls ________ stones.A.a(chǎn)re made of B.made of C.a(chǎn)re made into D.made into63.Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information ________ in a short time.A.can be learned B.can be learning C.can learn D.can have learned64.A new hospital ________ in our town next year.A.builds B.was built C.will build D.will be built65.The question ________ by us soon.A.is going to discuss B.will discuss C.is going to be discussed D.has been discussed66.Family values can ________ from generation to generation.A.be passed down B.be passed by C.pass down D.pass by67.Tianwen 1 ________ into space last year and landed successfully on Mars recently.A.sent B.is sent C.was sent D.had sent68.When ________ the People’s Republic of China ________ A.was; found B.was; founded C.did; found D.does; found/ 讓學(xué)習(xí)更有效 新課備課備考 | 英語學(xué)科/ 讓學(xué)習(xí)更有效 新課備課備考 | 英語學(xué)科21世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng)(www.21cnjy.com)21世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng)(www.21cnjy.com)參考答案及試題解析1.A【解析】句意:明年我們學(xué)校將建一座新大樓。考查一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。will be built一般將來時,被動;is built一般現(xiàn)在時,被動;is being built現(xiàn)在進行時,被動;has been built現(xiàn)在完成時,被動。根據(jù)“A new building…in our school next year.”可知句中next year是一般將來時的時間標(biāo)志詞,故此句要用一般將來時,因新的建筑作主語,故此句要用被動語態(tài),故選A。2.B【解析】句意:我們俱樂部是由有共同愛好的一群學(xué)生創(chuàng)立的。考查動詞。found發(fā)現(xiàn);founded被創(chuàng)立,“be founded by...”表示 “由……創(chuàng)立”;discovered發(fā)現(xiàn);started創(chuàng)辦,在表示 “創(chuàng)辦” 時,較為口語化。根據(jù)“Our club was … by a group of students”可知,此處主語是俱樂部,在正式表達組織成立時,“founded” 更為合適。故選B。3.A【解析】句意:會議將在8點舉行。考查被動語態(tài)。be held被舉行(被動語態(tài));hold舉行(動詞原形);takes place發(fā)生(主動形式,主語應(yīng)為事件);be taken place錯誤表達(take place通常不用被動語態(tài))。根據(jù)主語“The meeting”和謂語“hold”可知,此處表示“會議被舉行”,構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,用be held符合語境。故選A。4.C【解析】句意:這項工作將在兩小時內(nèi)完成。考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。“in two hours”是一般將來時的標(biāo)志詞;且主語“The work”和動詞之間是被動語態(tài),需用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)(will be done)。故選C。5.C【解析】句意:這個生日禮物是我媽媽送的。考查動詞被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“The birthday present”可知,主語是生日禮物,是動作的承受者,而賓語“ my mother”是動作的發(fā)出者,需用被動語態(tài)來表達,被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為“be done ”。又因主語是單數(shù),則be動詞用is。故選C。6.B【解析】句意:——邁克,你來參加吉姆的生日聚會了嗎?——不,因為我沒有被邀請。考查時態(tài)及語態(tài)。根據(jù)“Did you come to Jim’s birthday party, Mike ”可知,此處指過去發(fā)生的事情,用一般過去時;分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,主語與謂語之間存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,用被動語態(tài)。故選B。7.D【解析】句意:——我們城市的街道總是很干凈。——你知道它們每天都由勤勞的清潔工打掃。考查一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“every day”可知,此處是一般現(xiàn)在時。主語they指代“the streets”,與動詞clean之間是被動關(guān)系,所以此處用一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)be done的結(jié)構(gòu),故選D。8.B【解析】句意:這只寵物狗既溫暖又可愛。它被當(dāng)作我家的兒子。考查一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。主語“It”和謂語“treat”是被動關(guān)系,需用被動語態(tài);根據(jù)“The pet dog is warm and loving. It…as a son of my family.”可知,本句需用一般現(xiàn)在時。綜合以上,此空需用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故選B。9.C【解析】句意:每年都有很多鳥類在自然公園受到保護。考查被動語態(tài)。分析句子可知,主語“A lot of birds”和謂語protect“保護”之間是被動關(guān)系,根據(jù)“every year”可知此處用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)“am/is/are done”,主語是復(fù)數(shù),be動詞用are。故選C。10.A【解析】句意:看!屋頂上覆蓋著落葉。考查動詞時態(tài)及語態(tài)。cover...with...“用……覆蓋……”,動詞短語,所以此處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài);根據(jù)“Look!”可知,句子時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時,主語為“The roof”,所以此處應(yīng)用動詞的三單形式。故選A。11.D【解析】句意:現(xiàn)在手機上有太多的應(yīng)用軟件了。對于不想要他們的使用者來說。手機空間被占用了。考查動詞短語和被動語態(tài)。takes away拿開;is taken away被拿開;takes up占用;is taken up被占用。根據(jù)語意分析及“Now there are too many apps on the phone.”可知,手機上的空間被占用,所以用take up。根據(jù)主語是space,所以應(yīng)該用被動語態(tài)。故選D。12.B【解析】句意:這些天,成都的二環(huán)路上種了許多美麗的花。考查被動語態(tài)。主語和動詞plant之間是被動關(guān)系,此處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài):be done。故選B。13.B【解析】句意:這里每年都種很多樹,我們可以享受新鮮空氣。考查時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“A lot of trees...around here every year,...”可知,“trees”與“plant”之間為被動關(guān)系,需用被動語態(tài),排除C,又因every year,時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時,主語trees是復(fù)數(shù),謂語用“are+動詞過去分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu),planted為動詞過去分詞。故選B。14.B【解析】句意:他被提供了一個在大公司工作的機會,但他沒有接受。考查動詞的被動語態(tài)。主語“He”和動詞“offer”之間是被動關(guān)系,需用被動語態(tài),結(jié)合“he didn’t accept it.”可知,此處用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)(was/were done)。故選B。15.B【解析】句意:嬰兒在家應(yīng)該被照顧。考查含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。主語The baby和take care of之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài);根據(jù)should可知為情態(tài)動詞,后跟動詞原形,故用含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài),結(jié)構(gòu)為情態(tài)動詞 + be + 過去分詞;take care of“照看,照顧”。故選B。16.D【解析】句意:在我看來,父母應(yīng)該教育每個孩子遵守交通規(guī)則。考查被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“by their parents”并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句子主語與謂語為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,用被動語態(tài)。故選D。17.A【解析】句意:——昨晚你為什么不去聚會呢?——因為我沒有被邀請。考查一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知,事情發(fā)生在過去需用一般過去時,主語“I”是動詞“invite”的承受者,構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài),其結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動詞的過去分詞。本句中,主語是“I”,be的形式為was,否定是在其后加not。“invite”的過去分詞為 invited。故選A。18.C【解析】句意:現(xiàn)在中國夫妻被允許生三個孩子。考查一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。主語“Chinese couples”與動詞“allow”之間是被動關(guān)系,且根據(jù)時間狀語“now”可知,本句使用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài),結(jié)構(gòu)為“be allowed”。主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式,be動詞用are,故選C。19.B【解析】句意:據(jù)說世界上三分之二的水被污染了。考查分?jǐn)?shù)表達及被動語態(tài)。分?jǐn)?shù)表達中分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞,當(dāng)分子大于一時,分?jǐn)?shù)要變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。表示“三分之二”要用two thirds,排除C;主語water與動詞之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用被動語態(tài)be done,表示“被污染”用be polluted,此處是一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài),可排除A和D,故選B。20.D【解析】句意:上個月許多橋梁和房子在洪水中被毀壞了。考查一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“l(fā)ast month”可知應(yīng)用一般過去時,而主語Many bridges and houses和謂語動詞destroy“毀壞”是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài),而一般過去時的被動語態(tài)的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)為“was/were+done”,主語不是第三人稱單數(shù),be動詞應(yīng)用were,故選D。21.D【解析】句意:讓孩子們整天學(xué)習(xí)是錯的。考查被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“It’s wrong that the children…all day.”可知,此處是孩子被讓,be made to do sth“被迫做某事”。故選D。22.D【解析】句意:森林里充滿了驚喜。考查被動語態(tài)。was full充滿的;full充滿的;has filled現(xiàn)在完成時;was filled一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。be full of/be filled with“充滿……”,空后是with,所以用be filled with。故選D。23.B【解析】句意:我想知道下個月是否舉行英語歌唱比賽。考查一般將來時被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“next month”可知,應(yīng)該使用一般將來時,根據(jù)“an English Singing Competition”和“hold”之間構(gòu)成被動可知,應(yīng)該使用一般將來時被動語態(tài)。故選B。24.C【解析】句意:為了使我們的學(xué)校生活豐富多彩,下周還將成立五個社團。考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)“next week ”可知句子是一般將來時,且主語和動詞之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用一般將來時的被動語態(tài),故選C。25.C【解析】句意:燈泡是由托馬斯愛迪生發(fā)明的。考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。The light bulb是被發(fā)明的,所以用被動語態(tài),且動作發(fā)生在過去,所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài),結(jié)構(gòu)為was/were done。故選C。26.B【解析】句意:星期天我可以看電視,但是在工作日我不能看電視。考查被動語態(tài)。主語“I”和謂語“allow”之間是被動關(guān)系,需用被動語態(tài)“be done”的形式。排除CD項;be allowed to do sth.意為“被允許做某事”,排除A項。故選B。27.C【解析】句意:新圖書館上個月向公眾開放,已經(jīng)吸引了許多游客。考查一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。opened動詞過去式;is opening現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài);was opened一般過去時被動語態(tài);opens動詞第三人稱單數(shù)。主語The new library和謂語opene之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài);根據(jù)last month可知時態(tài)為一般過去時,故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故選C。28.C【解析】句意:每年,我們政府都會派大批工程師到非洲幫助那里的人民。考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。根據(jù)every year可知是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),故排除ABD;此處be sent to“被送去”,主語engineers與謂語動詞之間是被動關(guān)系。故選C。29.B【解析】句意:——看!多么令人驚嘆的港珠澳大橋!——是啊。它于2018年完工。考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句子主語是“It”,指代港珠澳大橋,表示“被完成”,且時間為2018年,應(yīng)使用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)“was completed”。故選B。30.B【解析】句意:——嗯……好吃。這是什么?——它叫粽子,托尼。這是中國的傳統(tǒng)食物。考查被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“What is it ”可知,此處回答使用一般現(xiàn)在時,It指代詢問的這個東西,與動詞call之間為被動關(guān)系,使用被動語態(tài),It為單數(shù),結(jié)構(gòu)為is done。故選B。31.B【解析】句意:由于這場火,高樓被毀了。考查被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)題干可知,高樓被毀了,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài),事故已經(jīng)發(fā)生了,應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài),故選B。32.B【解析】句意:下一屆夏季奧運會將于2024年在巴黎舉行。考查一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。結(jié)合句中“in 2024”可知,奧運會還未舉辦,故應(yīng)使用一般將來時;“奧運會”與“舉辦”之間為被動關(guān)系,此處應(yīng)用一般將來時的被動語態(tài),結(jié)構(gòu)為will be done。故選B。33.C【解析】句意:——你曾經(jīng)去過一個以漢語為外語的國家嗎?——不,我沒去過。考查一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。主語Chinese與謂語speak是被動關(guān)系,所以用被動語態(tài),構(gòu)成:主語+ be+動詞過去分詞,排除A和B,由時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時,排除D,故選C。34.A【解析】句意:剪刀是用來剪羊毛的。考查used短語及介詞。be used to do被用來做某事,主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,be動詞用are,排除B/D選項;cut off“剪下”;cut down“砍倒”;結(jié)合“cut the wool...the sheep”可知,此處指的是“把羊毛從綿羊身上剪下來”,應(yīng)用cut off,故選A。35.C【解析】句意:——你為旅行做好準(zhǔn)備了嗎?——是的。所有東西都打包好了。考查一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。分析“Everything...already.”和選項可知,主語Everything和動詞pack之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài),結(jié)構(gòu)是:be動詞+動詞過去分詞。故選C。36.C【解析】句意:門每天幾點關(guān)?考查被動語態(tài)。the door門應(yīng)該是被關(guān),所以此處用被動語態(tài),其結(jié)構(gòu)為be done。根據(jù)every day可知,句子的時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時,主語the door為單數(shù),所以be動詞用is;close的過去分詞為closed。故選C。37.B【解析】句意:下周將在那里上演一部新的英語戲劇。考查一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“next week”可知句子時態(tài)用一般將來時,且主語A new English play與謂語動詞之間存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,因此用被動語態(tài),一般將來時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為will be+動詞的過去分詞,put的過去分詞是put,故選B。38.B【解析】句意:在唐朝,在長安的街道上幾乎可以找到世界上所有的東西。考查情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)主語“nearly everything produced in the world”與動詞find之間是動賓關(guān)系,此處表示能夠被找到,結(jié)合“During the Tang Dynasty”可知,用過去式could表示“能夠”,此處是含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài),用could be found。故選B。39.A【解析】句意:——你應(yīng)該把書還給邁克。它屬于他。——當(dāng)然。考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。belong to sb“屬于某人”,這是一個狀態(tài)短語,不用于進行時和被動語態(tài),排除BCD選項。故選A。40.D【解析】句意:到目前為止,兩條新鐵路線的建設(shè)已經(jīng)完成。考查現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“The construction of the two new railway lines...by now.”可知,by now“到目前為止”提示句子用現(xiàn)在完成時,主語“construction”和動詞“complete”之間是被動關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)“have/has been done”,故排除選項A和B;主語是“construction”,助動詞應(yīng)用has,所以空處應(yīng)是has been completed。故選D。41.A【解析】句意:棉花生長在中國的東南部。考查被動語態(tài)及主謂一致。主語Cotton“棉花”和動詞grow“種植”是被動關(guān)系,被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為“be done”,排除選項C、D;且主語為第三人稱單數(shù),此處be動詞應(yīng)用is。故選A。42.D【解析】句意:——中國老年人的數(shù)量正在迅速增加。——我相信將來隨著國家的發(fā)展,他們會得到更好的照顧。考查含情態(tài)動詞被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)上文“The number of old people in China is increasing rapidly.”可知,下文中They指代的是老年人,老人們會得到更好的照顧,此處是含情態(tài)動詞被動語態(tài),其結(jié)構(gòu)是情態(tài)動詞+be+done的形式。短語take care of...“照看,照顧”,take的過去分詞是taken。故選D。43.B【解析】句意:——原諒我。我們什么時候可以在球場打羽毛球?——要等到下周修好。考查一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)。until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時,主語it與動詞repair是被動關(guān)系,所以此空應(yīng)填一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài),故選B。44.B【解析】句意:冬天,小鎮(zhèn)被大雪封住了,所以大部分時間我們不得不待在家里。考查動詞短語和語態(tài)。cut off切斷;cut down砍倒;根據(jù)“so most of time we have to stay at home”可知,小鎮(zhèn)被大雪切斷了(與外界的通道),應(yīng)用cut off,且town與動詞cut off之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動結(jié)構(gòu),故選B。45.C【解析】句意:據(jù)說在即將到來的亞洲青年運動會籌備期間,亞洲文化村將在南京市的亞青會運動員村內(nèi)興建。考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。build“建造”,根據(jù)“in the coming Asian Youth Games period”可知,此處用一般將來時,主語Asian culture village與謂語build之間是被動關(guān)系,因此用被動語態(tài),故選C。46.A【解析】句意:昨天召開了校車安全會議。考查介詞辨析和被動語態(tài)。on介詞,關(guān)于;about介詞,關(guān)于;was held被舉行,一般過去時的被動語態(tài);held舉行,一般過去時;holds舉行,一般現(xiàn)在時。根據(jù)“The meeting…the safety of school bus…yesterday.”可知,第一個空處應(yīng)表達“關(guān)于”,應(yīng)用介詞on/about;根據(jù)“yesterday”可知,第二空應(yīng)該用一般過去時,主語meeting與hold是被動關(guān)系,因此用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故選A。47.B【解析】句意:——我可以保留雜志多久?——一周。但一定不能借給他人。考查詞義辨析和被動語態(tài)。borrow借進;lend借出;keep保留。根據(jù)“How long多長時間”可知用延續(xù)性動詞“keep”。根據(jù)“mustn’t”可知要表達雜志被禁止借出,用情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)“be+過去分詞”,填be lent。故選B。48.A【解析】句意:——你知道我們什么時候離開嗎?——我不確定。當(dāng)時間確定時,我會告訴你。考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。根據(jù)“I’ll tell you when the time …”可知,when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,當(dāng)主句用一般將來時,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時,又因“time”與“fix”之間是被動關(guān)系,所以用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài),且主語是不可數(shù)名詞time,因此助動詞用is。故選A。49.C【解析】句意:——看那個綠色頭發(fā)的男孩,太酷了。——但是我認(rèn)為學(xué)生不應(yīng)該被允許染發(fā)。考查情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)及賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移。根據(jù)“But I don’t think students...to color their hair.”可知主語students與動詞allow之間是被動關(guān)系,此處應(yīng)用含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài),根據(jù)常識可知,學(xué)生是不允許染頭發(fā)的,而含有think的主從復(fù)合句,否定前移到主句上,故此空應(yīng)填should be allowed。故選C。50.D【解析】句意:——我可以吃多少塊蛋糕,媽媽?——一塊都不能吃,親愛的。它們是給你爸爸準(zhǔn)備的。考查被動語態(tài)。They指的是cakes,與prepare構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,因此用被動語態(tài)be+done結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D。【點睛】難點突破:本題的難點在于根據(jù)上文判斷代詞They的指代問題,再結(jié)合語境進行分析可知,用被動語態(tài)。51.C【解析】句意:大本鐘被認(rèn)為是倫敦和英國的象征之一。考查固定搭配。consider for考慮;think of想,思考;regard as視作,認(rèn)為;treat as把……看做。主語Big Ben和謂語動詞之間為被動be done,排除B/D,選項C“regard as視作,認(rèn)為”符合語境。故選C。52.D【解析】句意:在這起事故中,車是由誰開的?考查時態(tài)及語態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,主語“the car”與謂語之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,所以此處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài);根據(jù)句意可知,此處指發(fā)生在過去的事情,應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)was/were done。故選D。53.B【解析】句意:第24屆冬奧會于2022年在北京和張家口舉行,從2月4日持續(xù)到20日。考查一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“in 2022, from February 4th to 20th”及常識可知第24屆冬奧會已經(jīng)舉行,句子應(yīng)用一般過去時。主語The 24th Winter Olympics與動詞hold“舉行”存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系,句子應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài),其結(jié)構(gòu)為:was / were+過去分詞。主語The 24th Winter Olympics專有名詞作主語,句子謂語應(yīng)用單數(shù),be動詞應(yīng)用was,動詞hold的過去分詞為held。故選B。54.A【解析】句意:——今年將在北京舉行一次國際會議。——是的。我聽說屆時將有成千上萬的客人被邀請參加會議。考查一般將來時被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“An international meeting will take place in Beijing this year”可知,空處所在句子也用一般將來時,主語guests與動詞invite之間是被動關(guān)系,故此處用一般將來時被動語態(tài)will be done的結(jié)構(gòu),故選A。55.A【解析】句意:種了多少棵樹?根據(jù)“How many trees…”可知,空處應(yīng)表達“被種”,作謂語,用被動語態(tài),結(jié)構(gòu)為be done,plant的過去分詞為planted;主語many trees是復(fù)數(shù)形式,謂語動詞也應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù);并且句子表達的是一般現(xiàn)在時。故填are planted。56.C【解析】句意:這首歌一播放就讓我想起了昔日的黃金歲月。考查一般過去時被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“reminded”可知,時態(tài)為一般過去時。“it”指代前面The song“這首歌”,“歌曲”應(yīng)該是“被播放”,song和play之間是被動關(guān)系,故此句為一般過去時的被動語態(tài),其結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語+was/were+過去分詞”,應(yīng)用was played。故選C。57.C【解析】句意:那座山終年積雪,所以很難攀登。考查時態(tài)。句子表達的是事實,所以用一般現(xiàn)在時。主語“The mountain”是cover的承受者,表示“被覆蓋”,所以用被動語態(tài),其構(gòu)成為“am/is/are done”。故選C。58.B【解析】句意:上周,這位名畫家的最后一幅畫被賣掉了。考查一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。主語是picture,謂語動詞是sell,主謂是動賓關(guān)系,所以謂語應(yīng)該用被動語態(tài)was sold。故選B。59.D【解析】句意:——請給我莫言的最新小說,《青蛙》!——抱歉,剛剛已經(jīng)賣完了。但是它很快又會出版的。考查一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。時間詞just now“剛才”,說明時態(tài)是一般過去時,故排除BC;主語it和謂語sell out“出售”之間是被動關(guān)系,表示書被賣完了,故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài),結(jié)構(gòu):was/were+動詞過去分詞,主語it是第三人稱單數(shù),故be動詞用was。故選D。60.B【解析】句意:隨著中國變得越來越強大,國外越來越多的學(xué)校開始了漢語教學(xué)。考查一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)主語Chinese和謂語動詞teach之間是動賓關(guān)系,所以用被動語態(tài);根據(jù)句意,可知描述的是現(xiàn)在的一種現(xiàn)象,用一般現(xiàn)在時,所以此處用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài);Chinese作“漢語”講時,謂語動詞用單詞,be動詞用is。故選B。61.B【解析】句意:你不能在這里穿鞋。這是不允許的。考查一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)前句“You can’t wear shoes inside this place.”可知,是在這個地方穿鞋是不被允許的,故應(yīng)用被動語態(tài);再結(jié)合前句時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時,故此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài),構(gòu)成形式為:be done;主語“It”是第三人稱單數(shù)形式,be用is,否定形式為isn’t;allow的過去分詞是allowed。故選B。62.A【解析】句意:這些墻是由石頭制作的。考查被動語態(tài)。be made of“由……制作,能看出原材料”;be made into“被做成……”。根據(jù)“墻”和“石頭”的關(guān)系可知,墻是由石頭制作的,能看出原材料,故使用be made of。故選A。63.A【解析】句意:多虧了互聯(lián)網(wǎng),不同種類的信息可以在短時間內(nèi)被了解。考查含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。分析題干和選項可知,主語different kinds of information和動詞learn之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài),can是情態(tài)動詞,含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是:情態(tài)動詞+be+動詞過去分詞。故選A。64.D【解析】句意:明年我們鎮(zhèn)上將建一所新醫(yī)院。考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)“next year”可知,該句是一般將來時,排除了A 和B。因為主語是“hospital”,與謂語動詞“build”之間存在被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用被動語態(tài)。故選D。65.C【解析】句意:我們很快就會討論這個問題。考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)soon可知用一般將來時,be going to do sth.“將去做某事”,根據(jù)主語是the question,和動詞之前存在被動關(guān)系,這里是一般將來時的被動語態(tài),其結(jié)構(gòu)是be going to be done的形式,discuss是動詞,討論,過去分詞是discussed,故選C。66.A【解析】句意:家庭價值觀可以代代相傳。考查動詞短語及語態(tài)。pass down使流傳;pass by路過。根據(jù)“Family values can ... from generation to generation”可知,此處指的是將家庭價值觀流傳下去,應(yīng)該用pass down,主語與pass down是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)can be done。故選A。67.C【解析】句意:天問一號去年發(fā)射升空,最近成功登陸火星。考查一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。結(jié)合時間狀語last year可知本句用一般過去時;主語“天問一號”和謂語動詞“發(fā)送”是被動關(guān)系,所以要用被動語態(tài),其結(jié)構(gòu)為be done。故選C。68.B【解析】句意:中華人民共和國是什么時候成立的?考查動詞的語態(tài)。主語是the People’s Republic of China和動詞found存在被動關(guān)系,根據(jù)題意是一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài),其結(jié)構(gòu)是was/were done的形式,主語是單數(shù),be動詞用was,found是動詞,表示“成立”,過去分詞是founded,故選B。21世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng)(www.21cnjy.com)21世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng)(www.21cnjy.com) 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預(yù)覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫