資源簡介 / 讓教學更有效 高效備考 | 英語學科Unit 6 When disaster strikes重要詞匯用法解析內容提要:詞匯用法講解重點短語歸納分類記憶拓展詞匯鞏固練習題練習題答案解析一、核心單詞講解1. lost /l st/ adj. 丟失的,遺失的常用搭配:get lost 迷路;lost and found 失物招領例句:A lost city 失落的城市(課文標題)詞形變化:lose v. 丟失(過去式 / 過去分詞 lost)scared /ske d/ adj. 害怕的,恐懼的常用搭配:be scared of 害怕……;scared to do 不敢做例句:My mother was so scared.(第 1 段)我母親非常害怕。同義:afraid/frightenedshut / t/ v. (使) 關 (合) 上常用搭配:shut the door 關門;shut eyes 閉眼例句:She didn't shut her eyes for even one second.(第 1 段)她甚至一秒鐘都沒閉眼。過去式 / 過去分詞:shut-shutcoach /k t / n. 公共馬車,四輪大馬車常用搭配:take a coach 乘馬車;coach station 長途汽車站例句:Our coach couldn't go straight ahead.(第 2 段)我們的馬車無法直行。拓展:也有 “教練”的含義shocking / k / adj. 驚人的,駭人的常用搭配:shocking news 驚人的消息;shocking behaviour 惡劣行為例句:Just then, shocking things happened.(第 2 段)就在那時,令人震驚的事情發生了。詞形變化:shock v. 使震驚straight /stre t/ adv. 筆直地常用搭配:go straight 直行;straight line 直線例句:Our coach couldn't go straight ahead.(第 2 段)我們的馬車無法直行。同音詞:strait n. 海峽flood /fl d/ n. 洪水,水災v.淹沒常用搭配:flood disaster 洪災;be flooded with 被…… 淹沒例句:the cloud was spreading over the land like a flood.(第 3 段)云層像洪水一樣蔓延到陸地上。短語:in flood 泛濫thick /θ k/ adj. 濃密的;混濁的;厚的;常用搭配:thick smoke 濃煙;thick forest 密林例句:The air was thick with smoke.(第 3 段)空氣中濃煙彌漫。反義:thin adj. 薄的smoke /sm k/ n. 煙v.吸煙常用搭配:thick smoke 濃煙;give up smoking 戒煙例句:The air was thick with smoke.(第 3 段)空氣中濃煙彌漫。詞形變化:smoker n. 吸煙者ash / / n. 灰,灰燼常用搭配:volcanic ash 火山灰;ash tray 煙灰缸例句:ash began to fall in heavy showers.(第 3 段)灰燼如驟雨般落下。復數:ashesshower / a (r)/ n. 淋浴;一陣(雨、雪等)常用搭配:a shower of ash 一陣灰燼;take a shower 洗澡例句:ash began to fall in heavy showers.(第 3 段)灰燼如驟雨般落下。復合詞:showerhead n. 淋浴噴頭erupt / r pt/ v. (火山) 爆發常用搭配:volcano erupt 火山爆發;erupt with anger 勃然大怒例句:how he survived the eruption of Mount Vesuvius.(第 7 段)他如何在維蘇威火山爆發中幸存。詞形變化:eruption n. 爆發volcano /v l ke n / n. 火山常用搭配:active volcano 活火山;volcano eruption 火山爆發復數:volcanoeshistorical /h st r kl/ adj. 歷史的常用搭配:historical event 歷史事件;historical record 歷史記錄例句:Historical records can help you learn more.(Learning to think)歷史記錄能幫助你了解更多。詞形變化:history n. 歷史hurricane / h r k n/ n. 颶風常用搭配:hurricane warning 颶風警報;hurricane season 颶風季例句:While the hurricane was blowing heavily.(語法練習)當颶風猛烈吹襲時。辨析:hurricane(大西洋颶風)vs typhoon(太平洋臺風)airline / e la n/ n. 航空公司;航線常用搭配:international airline 國際航空公司;airline ticket 機票例句:airlines could not fly in the sky.(語法練習)航空公司無法在空中飛行。合成詞:air(空氣)+ line(線路)rainstorm / re nst m/ n. 暴風雨常用搭配:heavy rainstorm 暴雨;rainstorm warning 暴雨預警例句:there was a heavy rainstorm.(語法練習)有一場暴雨。合成詞:rain(雨)+ storm(風暴)service / s v s/ n. 服務v. 服務;檢修常用搭配:train service 火車服務;public service 公共服務例句:all train services were stopped.(語法練習)所有火車服務都停止了。詞形變化:serve v. 服務motherland / m l nd/ n. 祖國常用搭配:love motherland 熱愛祖國;return to motherland 回到祖國例句:The music of "Me and My Motherland".(語法練習)《我和我的祖國》的音樂。合成詞:mother(母親)+ land(土地)orchestra / k str / n. 管弦樂隊常用搭配:student orchestra 學生樂隊;orchestra performance 管弦樂演奏例句:That wonderful music by a student orchestra.(語法練習)由學生管弦樂隊演奏的美妙音樂。復數:orchestraswarning / w n / n. 警告常用搭配:disaster warning 災害預警;give a warning 發出警告例句:How do disaster warnings help (單元引言)災害預警如何幫助?詞形變化:warn v. 警告community /k mju n ti/ n. 社區常用搭配:local community 當地社區;community service 社區服務例句:in communities, loud alarms go off.(Developing ideas)在社區,響亮的警報響起。復數:communitiesalarm / lɑ m/ n. 警報器v.使驚恐常用搭配:fire alarm 火警;set off an alarm 觸發警報例句:loud alarms go off.(Developing ideas)響亮的警報響起。詞形變化:alarmed adj. 驚恐的increase / n kri s/ n. / v. 增加,增長常用搭配:increase to 增加到;increase by 增加了例句:Warning times have been increased to 42 minutes.(Developing ideas) 預警時間已增加到 42 分鐘。發音:/ n kri s/ v. / kri s/ n.coast /k st/ n. 海岸常用搭配:coast line 海岸線;on the coast 在海岸上例句:She helped her classmates leave the coast.(Developing ideas)她幫助同學離開海岸。詞形變化:coastal adj. 海岸的tsunami /tsu nɑ mi/ n. 海嘯常用搭配:tsunami warning 海嘯預警;tsunami disaster 海嘯災害例句:warns you of many natural disasters, eg tsunamis.(Listening)警告許多自然災害,如海嘯。復數:tsunamissafety / se fti/ n. 安全常用搭配:safety net 安全網;safety rules 安全規則反義:danger n. 危險net /net/ n. 因特網,網絡常用搭配:safety net 安全網;net friend 網友合成詞:network n. 網絡upcoming / p k m / adj. 即將來臨的常用搭配:upcoming disaster 即將來臨的災害;upcoming event 即將發生的事件例句:warns you of upcoming disasters.(Listening)警告即將來臨的災害。同義:approaching adj. 接近的operate / p re t/ v. 使用,操作常用搭配:operate a machine 操作機器;operate on 給…… 做手術例句:say how it operates.(Learning to learn)說明它如何運作。詞形變化:operation n. 操作drawback / dr b k/ n. 缺點常用搭配:main drawback 主要缺點;have a drawback 有缺點例句:such as its cost, look and drawbacks.(Learning to learn)如成本、外觀和缺點。同義:disadvantage n. 缺點life-saving / la f se v / adj. 挽救生命的常用搭配:life-saving skill 救生技能;life-saving equipment 救生設備例句:Choose a piece of life-saving technology.(Developing ideas)選擇一項救生技術。合成詞:life(生命)+ saving(拯救)drone /dr n/ n. 無人遙控飛機常用搭配:rescue drone 救援無人機;drone photography 無人機攝影例句:Drones take photos to show disaster effects.(Developing ideas)無人機拍照顯示災害影響。擬聲詞:模擬無人機聲音iron / a n/ n. 鐵adj.堅強的常用搭配:iron leg 鐵腿;iron will 鋼鐵意志例句:a young woman with an iron leg.(Reading for writing)一位裝著鐵腿的年輕女子。詞形變化:ironic adj. 諷刺的fashion / f n/ n. 時尚常用搭配:fashion week 時裝周;fashion design 時裝設計例句:2021 Shanghai Fashion Week.(Reading for writing)2021 上海時裝周。詞形變化:fashionable adj. 時尚的slim /sl m/ adj. 苗條的常用搭配:slim figure 苗條身材;slim down 減肥例句:a young, slim and confident woman.(Reading for writing)一位年輕、苗條且自信的女子。反義:fat adj. 肥胖的bleed /bli d/ v. 流血常用搭配:bleed heavily 大量出血;make sb. bleed 使某人流血例句:her leg often bled.(Reading for writing)她的腿經常流血。過去式 / 過去分詞:bled-bleduncomfortable / n k mft bl/ adj. 不舒服的常用搭配:feel uncomfortable 感到不適;uncomfortable situation 尷尬的處境例句:It wasn't comfortable, and her leg often bled.(Reading for writing)它不舒服,她的腿經常流血。反義:comfortable adj. 舒服的shadow / d / n. 陰影常用搭配:come out from the shadows 走出陰影;in the shadow of 在…… 的陰影下例句:Niu Yu slowly came out from the shadows.(Reading for writing)牛鈺慢慢走出陰影。復數:shadowstorch /t t / n. 火炬;手電筒常用搭配:carry the torch 傳遞火炬;torch light 火炬光例句:she carried the torch at the FISU World University Games.(Reading for writing)她在世界大學生運動會上傳遞火炬。復數:torchesuniversity / ju n v s ti/ n. 大學常用搭配:university student 大學生;key university 重點大學例句:FISU World University Games.(Reading for writing)世界大學生運動會。復數:universitiescourage / k r d / n. 勇氣常用搭配:face...with courage 勇敢面對;have the courage to do 有勇氣做例句:we should always face it with courage.(Reading for writing)我們應該總是勇敢面對。形容詞:courageous adj. 勇敢的heroine / her n/ n. 女英雄常用搭配:national heroine 民族英雄;film heroine 電影女主角例句:be the heroine of your life.(Reading for writing)成為你生命中的女主角。對應詞:hero n. 英雄victim / v kt m/ n. 受害者,犧牲品常用搭配:disaster victim 災難受害者;fall victim to 成為…… 的受害者例句:not the victim.(Reading for writing)而不是受害者。復數:victims二、重點短語歸納短語釋義例句課文出處in order to為了went to a quiet area in order to read.(第 1 段)去安靜的地方為了閱讀。Understanding ideasso as to為了covered my nose so as to reduce the smell.(第 4 段)捂住鼻子為了減少氣味。Understanding ideasget away from逃離Pliny and his mother got away from the eruption.(總結)普利尼和母親逃離火山爆發。Understanding ideasbe covered in被…… 覆蓋Everything was covered in ash.(第 4 段)一切都被灰燼覆蓋。Understanding ideasbetween...and...在…… 和…… 之間living between hope and fear.(第 4 段)在希望和恐懼之間生活。Understanding ideasthanks to幸虧No one died thanks to Tilly.(Listening)幸虧蒂莉,無人死亡。Listeningcome out from從…… 走出Niu Yu came out from the shadows.(Reading for writing)牛鈺走出陰影。Reading for writinglook forward展望encourages them to look forward.(Reading for writing)鼓勵他們展望未來。Reading for writing三、分類記憶拓展---中心主題:自然災害與生命力量災害類型與現象erupt v. 爆發搭配:volcano eruptvolcano n. 火山搭配:active volcano 拓展:volcanic ash 火山灰ash n. 灰燼搭配:a shower of ashhurricane n. 颶風搭配:hurricane warningrainstorm n. 暴雨搭配:heavy rainstormflood n. 洪水搭配:flood disasterearthquake n. 地震搭配:earthquake warningtsunami n. 海嘯搭配:tsunami warning災害反應與救援flee v. 逃離搭配:flee from dangercover v. 覆蓋搭配:be covered in ashrescue v. 救援搭配:rescue workerscared adj. 害怕的搭配:be scared ofshocked adj. 震驚的搭配:shocking thingshopeful adj. 有希望的搭配:between hope and fearwarning n. 警告搭配:disaster warningalarm n. 警報器搭配:loud alarmdrone n. 無人機場景串聯:火山 erupt(爆發)→ ash(灰燼)如 shower(驟雨)→ 人們 flee(逃離)→ 無人機 drone(救援)→ 展現 courage(勇氣)詞根聯想:warning(warn+ing)→ 預警系統life-saving(life+saving)→ 救生設備四.詞匯鞏固練習題詞匯選擇題The little girl was too ______ to move when she saw the snake.A. lost B. scared C. shut D. thick2. The volcano ______ suddenly, causing a huge cloud of ash.A. erupted B. flooded C. increased D. operated3. The air was ______ with smoke from the burning building.A. straight B. lost C. thick D. upcoming4. The ______ went off, warning people of the coming storm.A. coach B. alarm C. service D. drawback5. Niu Yu showed great ______ by sharing her story after the earthquake.A. fashion B. courage C. shadow D. victim6. The tsunami warning helped many people leave the ______ in time.A. coast B. university C. orchestra D. drawback7. The heavy rainstorm ______ all train services in the area.A. increased B. shut C. stopped D. operated8. The building was ______ in dust after the earthquake.A. covered B. lost C. scared D. slim9. While the hurricane ______, the airline canceled all flights.A. blows B. is blowing C. blew D. was blowing10. The ______ technology like drones helps rescue workers find survivors.A. life-saving B. historical C. fashionable D. uncomfortable2) 詞匯填空題1. The ______ (erupt) of Mount Vesuvius destroyed Pompeii.2. She felt ______ (comfort) in the crowded bus.3. The ______ (history) event is recorded in many books.4. People ______ (flee) from the flooded area yesterday.5. The ______ (warn) system gave people 10 minutes to leave.6. The ______ (slim) girl lost her leg in the earthquake.7. They played music to lift people's ______ (spirit).8. The ______ (volcanic) ash covered the whole town.9. She ______ (carry) the torch at the university games.10. ______ (thank) to the rescue team, all passengers were safe.3) 句子翻譯題1. 當地震發生時,我正在睡覺。(when)2. 火山灰如驟雨般落下,覆蓋了整個城市。(shower, cover)3. 幸虧預警系統,人們及時離開了海岸。(thanks to, coast)4. 牛鈺勇敢地面對困難,成為了生命的女主角。(face...with courage, heroine)5. 無人機在災害中幫助尋找幸存者。(drone, survivor)6. 我們應該永遠勇敢面對生活中的挑戰。(look forward, challenge)五、練習題答案解析詞匯選擇題B. scared解析:看見蛇感到 “害怕”,scared 符合語境。lost “迷路的”、shut “關閉的”、thick “濃密的” 均不符。A. erupted解析:火山 “爆發” 用 erupt,flood “淹沒”、increase “增加”、operate “操作” 不符。C. thick解析:空氣中 “濃煙彌漫”,thick with smoke 為固定搭配。B. alarm解析:“警報器” 響起用 alarm,coach “馬車”、service “服務”、drawback “缺點” 不符。B. courage解析:分享故事展示 “勇氣”,courage 符合。fashion “時尚”、shadow “陰影”、victim “受害者” 不符。A. coast解析:海嘯預警讓人們離開 “海岸”,coast 正確。university “大學”、orchestra “樂隊”、drawback “缺點” 不符。C. stopped解析:暴雨 “停止” 火車服務,stop 符合。increase “增加”、shut “關閉”、operate “操作” 不符。A. covered解析:建筑被灰塵 “覆蓋”,be covered in 為固定搭配。D. was blowing解析:while 引導過去進行時,颶風 “正在吹襲” 用 was blowing。A. life-saving解析:無人機是 “救生” 技術,life-saving 正確。historical “歷史的”、fashionable “時尚的”、uncomfortable “不舒服的” 不符。詞匯填空題eruption(名詞,作主語)uncomfortable(形容詞,feel 后接表語,反義 + un-)historical(形容詞,修飾 event)fled(動詞過去式,flee 的過去式為 fled)warning(名詞,作定語,warning system 預警系統)slim(形容詞,修飾 girl)spirits(名詞復數,lift one's spirits 振奮精神)volcanic(形容詞,修飾 ash)carried(動詞過去式,與 games 時態一致)Thanks(固定短語 thanks to,句首大寫)句子翻譯題I was sleeping when the earthquake happened.(解析:過去進行時 + when 引導的一般過去時,happen 用過去式。)Ash fell in heavy showers and covered the whole city.(解析:shower “一陣”,cover “覆蓋”,用一般過去時。)Thanks to the warning system, people left the coast in time.(解析:thanks to “幸虧”,coast “海岸”,in time “及時”。)Niu Yu faced difficulties with courage and became the heroine of her life.(解析:face...with courage “勇敢面對”,heroine “女主角”。)Drones help find survivors in disasters.(解析:drone “無人機”,survivor “幸存者”,用一般現在時。)We should always look forward and face challenges in life with courage.(解析:look forward “展望”,face...with courage “勇敢面對”。) 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫