資源簡介

中小學教育資源及組卷應用平臺
初中英語語法：代詞
代詞的分類：英語中代詞分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、關系代詞、疑問代詞、連接代詞和不定代詞等等。
第一節 人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞
一、人稱代詞：人稱代詞代替人和事物的名稱,分為主格和賓格兩種形式。
第一人稱單數 第二人稱單數 第三人稱單數 第一人稱復數 第二人稱復數 第三人稱復數
陽性 陰性 中性
主格 I(我) you (你) he(他) she(她) it(它) we(我們) you(你們) they (他們,她們,它們)
賓格 me(我) you (你) him(他) her(她) it(她) us(我們) you(你們) them (他們,她們,它們)
（1）、主格用來作句子的主語、表語。如： I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去購物) / Are they from Brazil (他們是巴西人嗎？) / Where have they gone (他們上哪兒去了？) / That’s it.(就那么回事) / It’s he!(是他！)
（2）、賓格用來作及物動詞或者介詞的賓語。如：Who teaches you English this year (今年誰教你們的英語？) / Help me!(救救我！) / We often write letters to her.(我們常給他寫信)
（3）、人稱代詞作表語或者放在比較狀語從句連詞than或as之后時,可以用主格形式,也可以用賓格形式,口語中大多用賓格。如：--Who is it (是誰？) –It’s I/me.(是我。)
（4）、三個不同人稱同時出現,或者主語中包含“我”時,按照“you→he→I”的順序表達。如：
Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家電腦公司上班) –Who will go there (誰要去那兒？) –You and me.(你和我)
（5)、人稱代詞it除了可以指人指物之外,還可以表示“時間、天氣、溫度、距離、情況”等含義,此外還可以作“非人稱代詞”使用,替代作主語或者賓語的不定式、動名詞或者名詞性從句。如：--What’s the weather like today (今天天氣怎樣？)—It’s fine.(天氣晴好) / --What’s the time (幾點啦？) –It’s 12：00.(12點) / It’s a long way to go.(那可要走好長的路) / It took him three days to clean his house.(打掃屋子花了他三天的時間) / It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space.(很顯然,公眾想知道這些人什么時候能進入太空) / We found it very difficult to learn a foreign language well.(我們發覺要學好一門外語是非常困難的)
二、物主代詞：說明事物所屬關系的代詞,分為形容詞性和名詞性兩種。
第一人稱單數 第二人稱單數 第三人稱單數 第一人稱復 數 第二人稱復數 第三人稱復數
陽性 陰性 中性
形容詞性 my(我的) your(你的) his(他的) her(她的) its(它的) our(我們的) your(你們的) their (他們的,她們的,它們的)
名詞性 mine(我的) Yours(你的) his(他的) hers(她的) its(她的) ours(我們的) yours(你們的) theirs(他們的,她們的,它們的)
（1)、形容詞性物主代詞只能作句子中名詞的修飾語,后面要跟名詞。如：
Is that your umbrella (那是你的傘嗎？) / I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.(我經常在星期天去看望阿姨) / They are their books.(是他們的書)
(2)、名詞性物主代詞相當于名詞,既代替事物又表明所屬關系,在句子中往往獨立地作主語、賓語或者表語,后面千萬不可以跟名詞。如：
This is your cup,but where is mine (這是你的杯子,可我的在哪兒？) / Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small.(你們的教室很大,我們的相當小)
(3)、“of + 名詞性物主代詞”稱為雙重所有格,作定語時放在名詞的后面。如：
A friend of mine came to see me yesterday.(我的一個朋友昨天來看我了) (指若干朋友中有一個來看我。)
[試比較] My friend came to see me yesterday.(我的朋友昨天來看我了)(指我的那個特定的朋友來看我。)
三、反身代詞：表示謂語的動作與主語有關或者賓語補足語的動作與賓語有關。
第一人稱單數 第二人稱單數 第三人稱單數 第一人稱復數 第二人稱復數 第三人稱復數
陽性 陰性 中性
myself(我自己) yourself(你自己) himself(他自己) herself(她自己) itself(它自己) ourselves(我們自己) yourselves(你們自己) themselves (他們/她們/它們自己)
(1)、反身代詞在句子中作賓語表示反射(指一個動作回到該動作執行者本身)。如：
Don’t play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.(不要玩刀子,那會割傷你的)
(2)、在句子中作同位語表示強調(即用來強調名詞或代詞的語氣)。如：
The story itself is good. Only he didn’t tell it well.(故事本身是好的,只是他沒有講好)
四、指示代詞： 指示說明近處或者遠處、上文或者下文、以前或者現在的人或事物。
單數 復數 含義
this(這個) these(這些) 指較近的人和物
that(那個) those(那些) 指較遠的人和物
such (這樣的人/物) 指上文提過的人和物
same (同樣的人/物) 指和上文提過的相同的人和物
it (這人/這物) 指不太清楚是誰或者是什么時
指示代詞既可以單獨使用做句子的主語、賓語或表語,也可以作定語修飾名詞。如：
What’s this (這是什么？) / That model plane is made of plastic.(那只模型飛機是塑料做的)(被動句) / Remember never to do such things.(記得永遠不要做這樣的事情) / Do the same as the teacher tells you. (按老師說的做)/ ---Who is it (是誰？) ---It’s me!(是我！)
一、用適當的人稱代詞填空：
1. __________ is my aunt. We often visit __________. ( she )
2. China is a developing country. _________is in the east of Asia. ( its )
3. What day is __________ today — __________ is Thursday. (its)
5. I own a blue bike. The red one isn’t __________. ( I )
6. These new houses are so nice. __________are very expensive.(them )
7. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn’t __________ ( them )
8. Ling Ling is a girl.____studies in a primary school.______ brother lives with ____ and helps ____ with______ lessons. ( she )
9. Mike is my classmate. ____ is good at Engliush . ( his )
10. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____ ( she )
11. What’s the weather like today ____ is cloudy. ( its )
二、用形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞填空
1. I ate all ____ sandwiches yesterday.( I ) Can I have one of ____ ( you )
2. George has lost ____ ( his ) pen. Ask Mary if（是否）she will lend him ____ . ( she )
3..Jack has a dog and so have I.____(he)dog and ____( I ) had a fight (打架).
4. The teacher wants you to return that book of ____ ( he )
5. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of ____ are coming to see us. ( they )
6. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of ____ . (we )
7. This isn’t________knife. _________ is green. ( she )
8. These are your books Kate.Put ________in the desk，please.(they )
9. _______ must look after ________ things. ( you )
10. Wei Fang，is that ________ ruler Yes，it’s.( you )
11. They want a football. Give __________the green one，please. ( they)
12. It’s Lin Tao’s bag. Give it to __________. ( he )
13. Is this pencil-box Li Lei’s No，___________ is very new. ( he )
14. This box is too heavy. I can’t carry _________. ( it )
　　Don’t worry，Let __________( I ) help __________. ( you)
15. _____is a boy_____ name is Mike.Mikes friends like _____ very much. ( he )
16. My sister is in _____ room. _____ is a teacher. ( she )
17. Jane is a little girl. _____ mother is a nurse. ( she )
18. We are in _____ classroom. _____ classroom is big. ( we)
19. My father and mother are teachers. _____ are busy ( them)
20. You are a pupil. Is _____ brother a pupil, too ( you )
三. 從括號內選擇正確的代詞填空
1. Your football clothes are on the desk.
　　　 Please put _________(they，them，their，theirs) away.
2. (We，Us，Our，Ours)_________ English teacher is Mrs. Green.
　　We all like _________(she，her，hers).
3. (I，Me，My，Mine)_________ can’t get my kite.
　　Could you help _________(I，me，my，mine)
4. Tom can’t get down from the tree.
　　Can you help _________(he，him，his)
5. We can’t find our bikes.
　　Can you help _________(we，us，our，ours)
6. These are _________(he，him，his) planes.
　　The white ones are _________(I，me，mine).
　四、用括號中的適當形式填空
1 Are these ______（you）pencils Yes,they are ________（our）.
2 Whose is this pencil —It’s ________（I）.
3 I love ________（they）very much.
4 She is________（I）classmate.
5 Miss Li often looks after________（she）brother.
6 Are these ________（they）bags ？
　　—No, they aren’t ________（their）. They are ________（we）.
五、選擇填空.
1. Mr. More has more money than Mr. Little . But he doesn’t enjoy _______.
A. he B. him C. his D. himself
2. Lily was 9 years old. _____ was old enough to go to school ________.
A. She , she B. She , herself C. Her, herself D. Her. she
3. Jim’s watch is much newer than _________.
A. hers B.she C. her D. herself
4. Would you like _____for super
A: something Chinese B：Chinese something
C: anything Chinese D: Chinese anything
5. ______ piano is too old ,but she still liked playing it.
A. She B. She’s C. Hers D. Her
6. ——Who taught you English last year
——Nobody taught me . I taught ______.
A. me B. myself C. mine D. I
7. That bike is _________
A．he B. him C. his D. it
8. We bought ______ a present, but _______ didn”t like it.
A. they, them B. them , they
C. themselves , their D. theirs, they
9. Who’s singing over there — ________ is Sandy’s sister.
A. That B. It C. She D. This
10. ________ will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii.
A. She, you and I B. You, she and I C. I, you and she D. Her, me and you
11. Between you and ________, he is not a real friend.
A. me B. I C. he D. his
12. My uncle bought a new bike for ________.
A. theirs B. they C. me D. I
13. Here’s a postcard for you, Jim!
— Oh, ____ is from my friend, Mary.
A. he B. it C. she D. it’s
14. Little Baby knows that he should not take the things that do not belong to ________.
A. he B. his C. her D. him
15. Will anyone go on a trip with him — Not ________.
A. I B. me C. mine D. he
16. Among those lovely toys, the brown toy dog was given by ________.
A. he B. his C. him
答案：一、1、she her 2、it 3、it it 5、mine 6、they 7、they 8、she her her her her 9、he 10、her 11、it
二、1、my yours 2、his hers 3、his mine 4、his 5、them 6、ours 7、her her 8、them 9、you your 10、your 11、them 12、him 13、his 14、it me you 15、he his him 16、her she 17、her 18、our our 19、they 20、your
三、1、them 2、our her 3、i me 4、him 5、us 6、his mine
四、1、your ours 2、mine 3、them 4、my 5、her 6、their their ours
五、1、D 2、B 3、A 4、D 5、D 6、B 7、C 8、B 9、C 10、B 11、A 12、C 13、B 14、B 15、B 16、C
反身代詞:
Those girls enjoyed ____ in the party last night.
them B. they C. themselves D. herself
Help ____ to some fish, children.
A. yourself B. your C. yours D. yourselves
The film ____ is very fun.
A. it’s B. itself C. it D. its
–Who teaches ____ math –I teach ______.
A. your, my self B. you, myself C. you, me D. you, herself
The father will make ____ a bike ____.
A. her, himself B. she, himself C. her, herself D. she, herself 6.
The scarf is ____, she made it_____.
A. herself, her B. herself, hers C. hers, herself D. her, herself
Liu Hulan’s death was great. She thought more of others than ______.
A. her B. she C. hers D. herself
Luckily, he didn’t hurt ____ terribly yesterday.
A. him B. themselves C. himself D. they
9. I can’t mend my shoe _____. Can you mend it for _____
A. myself, me B. myself, I C. me, I D. I, me
10. I like watching ____ in the mirror.
A. me B. I C. my D. myself
Key: 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. D
指示代詞：
( ) 1. Who's that at the door ____ is the postman.
A. She B. This C. It D. He
( ) 2. -Who's that in the picture A. It's me B. That's I C. This is a boy D. It's I
( ) 3. -Look, who is coming -___ must be our English teacher.
A. She B. He C. It D. This
( ) 4. Someone is knocking at the door, but who can____ be
A. one B. he C. she D. it
( ) 5. ___ was late summer and the weather was very hot.
A. That B. It C. This D. It's
( ) 6. What time is ____ now
A it B. all C. this D: that
( ) 7. ___ a heavy rain last night.
A. There had B. We had C. It was D. There is
( ) 8. ___ is 200 kilometres from here to the natural park. We have to go there by car.
A. There B. It C. This D. The place
答案：1-4 D A D D 5-8 B A B B
五、關系代詞：用來引導定語從句的代詞叫關系代詞,參見后面的定語從句。
1、關系代詞who 、which、 that 、whom 等,將定語從句和主句連接起來。英語中的關系代詞一方面在從句中擔任一定的成分,另一方面又起連接作用。
如：The student who is drawing a picture is in Grade One.(正在畫畫的學生是一年級的)
2、關系代詞who / whom指人,如果作從句的賓語,則有時省略。如：
Do you know the man who is wearing a red hat (你認識那個戴著紅帽子的男人嗎？)
3、關系代詞which 指物,如果作從句的賓語,則有時省略。如：Have you found the book which you lost several days ago (你找到幾天前丟失的那本書了嗎？)
4、關系代詞that既可指人也可指物,如果作從句的賓語,則有時省略。如：Can you see the man/dog that is running along the river bank (你看得見順著河跑的男人/狗了嗎？)
5、連接代詞：用來引導賓語從句、主語從句或表語從句的連接詞稱連接代詞。
英語中連接代詞主要有：what(什么),who(誰),whom(誰),which(哪個),whose(誰的)。詳見相應從句。
六、疑問代詞：用來提出問題的代詞稱為疑問代詞。
1、who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever主要用于特殊疑問句中,一般放在句首?？谡Z中也常用who代替whom作賓語,但在介詞后則只能用whom。如：
Who(m) did you invite to your birthday party (你都邀請了誰參加你的生日聚會的？) / What does she want to be when she grows up (她長大了想干什么？)
2、who 和whom只能獨立使用,其中who可以作句子的主語、表語或動詞的賓語,whom只能作謂語動詞的賓語；而what、which、whose等既可以獨立使用作主語、表語和賓語,也可以與名詞構成疑問短語。如： Who is that man (那男的是誰？) / What colour are their hats (他們的帽子是什么顏色？) / Which car was made in Germany (哪輛車是德國造的？)(被動句)
注意這個提問：The man in the car is my father.(車里的男人是我父親)
→Which man is your father (哪個男人是你的父親？)
3、which除了可以詢問指代的情況之外,還可以針對說明人物的時間、地點、歲數、顏色、大小、狀況等進行提問。如：People there live a very sad life.(那里的人生活凄慘) →Which people live a sad life (哪些人生活凄慘？)/ --Which hotel have you booked for your holiday (為了度假你預訂了哪家旅館？)—The biggest one in Haikou.(?？谧畲蟮哪羌衣灭^)
4、疑問代詞不分單復數,視它所替代的人或事物決定單復數,但是通常用單數；如果修飾名詞,則以名詞的單復數為準。如：Who is (are) in that playhouse (誰在游戲房里？) / What is that (那是什么？)/ What are those (那些是什么？) / What colours do they have (它們有哪些顏色？)
( ) 1 ____ is the best season of the year
A. When B. What C. Which D. What time
( ) 2 o-____ is your sister
-She is a nurse.
A. What B. Which C. How D. Who
( ) 3 -___ colour are your new shoes
-They are brown.
A. Any B. Whose C. Which D. What
( ) 4 -___ is your classmate John like
-He's very tall.
A. How B. What C. Who D. Which
( )5 ____ has happened and ____ did it
A. Who; who B. What; who C. What; what D. Who; what
( ) 6 Who waiting outside Please ask them to come in.
A. is B. has C. have D. are
( ) 7 -_____ is that man over there
-He's Mr Green.
A. What B. Which C. How D. Who
( ) 8.-___ is the boy standing there
-He is my brother.
A. Which B. What C. How D. Who
( ) 9. Who ___ the little American boy over there
A. were B. are C. is D.1 am
( )10. Who___these tall men
A. is B. am C. are D. was
( ) 11. ____ one do you like, the blue one or the red one
A. What B. Which C. That D. This
( ) 12. -___ is bigger
-The yellow one.
A. who B. whom C. which D. It
( )13. ___ of you would like to go with us
A. Who B. Which C. All D. Both
( ) 14. -_____ bag is this
-It's Jack's.A. What B. Which C. Whose D.Who's
( ) 15. -___ pencils are these
-They are theirs.
A. Which B. Whose C. / D. These
( ) 16. ___ house is being repaired
A. hat B. Where C. Who D. Whose
( ) 17. Please find out ____ he is looking after at home.
A. who B. which C. whom D. when
( ) 18. ____ do you think you should help
A. Whose B. Which C. What D. Whom
( ) 19. He told me ___ he was sent for.
( ) 20. The man missed the bus. ____ is why he was late for the meeting.
A. It B. That C. This D. All
( ) 21. He has to stay at home. ___ he has a bad cold.
A. This is because B. That's why C. So is it D. The reason is
( ) 22. -How many books are there on the table Only four.
A. This is all rightB. That's all right C. That's right D. It is all right
whom B. that C. both D. Where
答案：
1-5 D A D B B 6-10 D D D D D
11-15 B D B B D 16-20 D D D A B
21-22 A D
七、不定代詞：代替或修飾不特指的人或事物的代詞叫不定代詞。
單數含義 someany nonone / / each(every) one either,neither so the other,another 復合不定代詞
不可數含義 much little,a little all / / / / /
復數含義 many few,a few ones both others,the others
注：復合不定代詞有12個：something(某事), someone(某人), somebody(某人), anything
(任何事), anyone(任何人), anybody(任何人), nothing(沒事),nobody(沒有人), no one(沒有人), everything(一切), everyone(每個人), everybody(每個人).
(1)some和 any 的用法：
some一般用于肯定句中,意思是“幾個”、“一些”、“某個”作定語時可修飾可數名詞或不可數名詞。如：I have some work to do today. (今天我有些事情要做)/ They will go there some day.(他們有朝一日會去那兒)
some 用于疑問句時,表示建議、請求或希望得到肯定回答。如：Would you like some coffee with sugar (你要加糖的咖啡嗎？)
any 一般用于疑問句或否定句中,意思是“任何一些”、“任何一個”,作定語時可修飾可數或不可數名詞。如：They didn’t have any friends here. (他們在這里沒有朋友)/ Have you got any questions to ask (你有問題要問嗎？)
any 用于肯定句時,意思是“任何的”。Come here with any friend.(隨便帶什么朋友來吧。)
(2)no和none的用法：
no是形容詞,只能作定語表示,意思是“沒有”,修飾可數名詞(單數或復數)或不可數名詞。如：There is no time left. Please hurry up.(沒有時間了,請快點) / They had no reading books to lend.(他們沒有閱讀用書可以出借)
none只能獨立使用,在句子中可作主語、賓語和表語,意思是“沒有一個人(或事物)”,表示復數或單數。如：None of them is/are in the classroom.(他們當中沒有一個在教室里) / I have many books, but none is interesting.(我有很多的書,但沒有一本是有趣的)
(3)all和both的用法：
all指三者或三者以上的人或物,用來代替或修飾可數名詞；也可用來代替或修飾不可數名詞。
both指兩個人或物,用來代替或修飾可數名詞。all和both在句子中作主語、賓語、表語、定語等。如：I know all of the four British students in their school.(他們學校里四個英國學生我全認識) / --Would you like this one or that one –Both.(你要這個還是那個？兩個都要。)
all和both既可以修飾名詞(all/both+(the)+名詞),也可以獨立使用,采用“all/both + of the +名詞(復數)”的形式,其中的of 可以省略。如：All (of) (the) boys are naughty.(是男孩都調皮)
(4)every和each用法：
every是形容詞,只能作定語修飾單數名詞,意思是“每一個”,表示整體概念；
each是形容詞、代詞,可用作主語、賓語、定語等,意思是“每個”或者“各個”,表示單個概念；each可以放在名詞前,可以后跟of短語,與動詞同時出現時要放在“be動詞、助動詞、情態動詞”之后或者行為動詞之前
every和each都用作單數理解,但是下文中既可以用單數的代詞(如he/him/his)也可以用復數的代詞(如they/them/their)替代。如：Every one of the students in his class studies very hard.(他班上每個學生學習都很用功) / They are very busy. Each of them has something to do.(他們很忙,人人都有事干)
(5)either和neither的用法：
either意思是“兩個中間的任何一個”；neither是either的否定形式,意思是“兩個都不”。
neither和either在句子中可作主語、賓語和定語等,都用作單數。如：I don’t care much for what to drink. Either of the two will do. (我不介意喝些什么,兩個之中隨便哪個都行) / --Will you go there by bus or by car –Neither. I will go there by train.(你坐公車去還是坐轎車去？一個都不坐,我坐火車去。)
(6)other、the other和another的用法：
other意思是“另一”、“另一些”,有復數形式。在句子中可作主語、賓語和定語。another意思是“另外”、“又一個”,表示增加,在句中可作賓語和定語。如：
Some girls are singing under the big apple tree and others are sitting on the grass talking.(有些女孩在大蘋果樹下唱歌,別的就躺在草地上說話) / You have had several cakes. Do you really want another one (你已經吃了好幾塊餅子了,你真的還要一塊？) / I want another four books.(我還要四本書)
another(另外的,再一,又一)與the other(另外的一個) 主要從數量上區分,只有兩個時用the other,在原先基礎上增加用another。如： This is one of your socks. Where is the other one (這是你的一只襪子,還有一只呢？) / I have eaten 4 cakes, but I still want another.(我已經吃了4塊蛋糕,但是我還要以塊。)
others與the others的主要區別：others指“剩余的人/物”(指大部分)；the others指“其余的人/物”,(指全部)。如：A few students are playing soccer while others are watching them.(有幾個學生在踢足球,其他一些人在觀看) / Two of the ten boys are standing and the others are sitting round them.(十個男孩中有兩個站著,其他人都圍著他們坐著。)
(7)many和much的用法：
many意思是“很多”,與可數名詞復數連用；much意思是“很多”,與不可數名詞連用。它們在句中可作主語、賓語和定語等。如：I don’t have many friends here.(在這里我沒有很多的朋友。) /Many died in the bus accident.(許多人在公交車禍中喪失) / We can learn much with the help of him.(在他的幫助之下我們能學到很多)
many和much一般用于否定句,肯定句中通常用a lot of 或者lots of; many / much用于肯定句時可以在前面加上so、very或too.如： There are a lot of people on the playground.(操場上有許多的人)/ They haven’t got much work to do.(他們沒有多少事情可做) / There are too many people in the room.(房間里人太多了。)
(8)few、little、a few、a little的用法：
few、little意思是“很少幾個”、“幾乎沒有”,有否定的意思,a few、a little意思是“有幾個”、“有些”,有肯定的意思 ；few、a few與可數名詞連用或代替可數的事物, little、a little與不可數名詞連用或代替不可數的事物。它們在句中可作主語、賓語和定語。如：
He is very poor and he has little money.(他很窮,幾乎沒有什么錢。) / Don’t worry. There is still a little time left.(別著急,還有一點兒時間呢。) / In that polar region there live few people.(在那個極地地區幾乎不住人) / You can get a few sweets from him.(你可以從他那兒弄到一些糖果)
(9)復合不定代詞somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything, everybody等是由some , any ,no ,every, 加上body, thing 構成的,叫做復合不定代詞,在句子中當單數使用。
somebody, something, someone 一般用于肯定句中；anything, anybody,anyone一般用于疑問句、否定句和條件狀語從句中。修飾復合不定代詞的定語,應放在它們的后面。如：Hey,Lily. There is someone outside the door.(嗨,麗麗,門外有人。) /Di(每個人)d you meet anyone when you came to school last Sunday (上個星期天你來學校時見到什么人了嗎？)/He has nothing much to do today.(他今天沒有多少事情做)
(10)one與ones用來代替上文的一個或多個人或事物,前面可以加冠詞、形容詞、指示代詞、which等。如： Which jacket would you like, this one or that one (你要哪件夾克,這件還是那件？ / I don’t like the green ones.(我不喜歡綠色的那些)
(11)so可以代替一件事情,作句子的賓語或表語。如： I don’t think so.(我認為不是這樣的。) / He lost a book. So did I.(他丟失了一本書,我也是。)
(12)a lot of、lots of、a number of( /large numbers of)、a great deal of、plenty of的區別：五個“名詞+介詞”短語都表示“大量,許多”,a lot of(或lots of)既可以修飾不可數名詞也可以修飾可數名詞的復數形式,可以相應地換為much和many；plenty of“足夠、大量”,既可以修飾不可數名詞也可以修飾可數名詞的復數形式。 a number of / large numbers of只可以修飾可數名詞復數形式(它修飾的詞作主語時謂語用復數形式)可以換為some、many、a lot of、plenty of。 a great deal of只可以修飾不可數名詞(它修飾的詞作主語時謂語用單數形式)可以換為much。
如：A lot of people think that time is money.(許多的人認為時間就是金錢。) / I don’t have to do it in a hurry because I have plenty of time.(我用不著趕忙,因為我有充足的時間。) / I have a number of letters to write today.(今天我有好多信要寫) / I spend a great deal of time/money on shopping.(在購物方面我花費了大量的時間/金錢。)
(13)none、no one、nobody的區別：no one和nobody都表示“沒有人”,僅指人,后面不跟of 短語,作主語時謂語用單數形式；none表示“沒有一個人/物”,可指人也可以指物,后面可跟of短語,作主語時謂語可用單數也可用復數。如：No one knows how he managed to get the ticket.(沒有人知道他是怎樣搞到那張票的) / Nobody handed in his/their composition(s) yesterday.(昨天沒有一個人交作文。) / None of my friends came to see me that day.(那天沒有一個朋友來看我。)
八、相互代詞：表示相互關系的詞叫相互代詞。
each other ,one another是相互代詞,譯成“互相”,可以通用。each other表示兩者之間,而one anther表示許多人之間。它們有所有格形式each other’s ,one another’s。如： We must help each other when we are in trouble.(我們身處困境時要互相幫助。) / They sat there without talking to one another / each other.(他們坐在那兒,互相都不說話。)
1
( ) 1 He and she are exactly as tall as____.
A. themselves B. them C. their D. each other
( ) 2 People usually put small presents in ____ stocking on Christmas Eve.
A. each other B. each others C. each other's D. each others'
( ) 3 The students often help___.
A. one the other B. each the other C. one another D. two another
2
( ) 1.There are shops on _____ side of the street.________ of them do not close till 12 at night.
A. both; All B. every; None C. either; Some D. other; Many
( ) 2 The boy runs faster than_______ in his class.,
A. any of the boy B. any boys C. any other boy D. all the boys
( ) 3 Tom is stronger than ___ in his class.
A. any students B. other student C. any other student D. any other students
( ) 4 There is not ___ meat in my bowl. There is ____ chicken in it.
A. some; any B. any; some C. any; any D. some; some
( ) 5 -I have forgotten my bread.
-Never mind, you can have____.
A. some of us B. some of our C. some of ours D. many of ours
( ) 6 -Is there ___ tea in' that green cup
-Yes, there is____.
A. the; some B. any; any C. some; any D. any; some
3
( ) 1 Could you do___for me, please
A.everythingB.nothing C. something D. anything
( ) 2 The bottle is empty. There is___ in it.
A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
( ) 3 -Turn off the TV, Betty. ____ is watching it.
-Oh, no. Mum. I'm watching it now.
A. somebody B. Nobody C. Everybody D. Anybody
( ) 4 -Did you find ___ in the room
-No, we found ___ there.
A. anybody; nobody B. somebody; everybody
C. anybody; somebody D. everybody; anybody
( ) 5 I have a lot of work to do. 1 have___ time to play.
A. not B. any C. no D. some
( ) 6 As we know, he is___fool.
A. not B. no a C. not an D. no
4
( ) 1 I asked him for some oil, but he hadn't ___.
A. some B. any C. anything D. no
( ) 2 ___ of the four roads will take you to the hospital.
A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. Any
( ) 3 Would you lend me of your money "
A. some B. lot C. a few D. any
( ) 4 Would you like___more coffee
A. little B. any C. some D. another
( ) 5 -Have you any books on radio
-I'd like to borrow ___.
A. those B. some C. them D. it
5
( ) 1 Listen to me. I have____ to tell you.
A. anything new B. something new C. new something D. nothing new
( ) 2 By the way, is there ____ in today's newspaper
A. something new o B. anything new C. new something D. new anything
( ) 3 Please be quiet. I have___ to tell you.
A. important something B. nothing important
C. important anything D. something important
( ) 4 I'm not busy. I haven't ____ to do.
A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything
( ) 5 ____ has happened, I want you to tell me about it.
A. Something B. Everything C. Anything D. Nothing
6
( ) 1 Yesterday morning ___ boy broke into the garden.
A. any B. some C. many D. much
( ) 2 ___ twenty boys were playing football at that time yesterday.
A. Each B. Some C. No one D. Neither
( ) 3 Now I have ______ questions. Let's go to ask our teacher.
A. any B. much C. some D. a lot
7
( ) 1 If you like these apples, you can take_____.
A. any B. a lot C. that . D. this
( ) 2 I will do____for my motherland.
A. anything B. many C. much D. something
( ) 3 -Did they find ___ in the park
-No, they found____there.
A. anybody; nobody B. somebody; everybody
C. anybody; somebody D. everybody; anybody
8
( ) 1 I don't know_____ of these people, for they are new workers.
A. any B. some C. one D. much
( ) 2 He didn't take ___ one. They are all here.
A. many B. any C. a little D. that
( ) 3 1 haven't read____ of the books.
A few of the books are too difficult for me to read. A. any B. some C. two D. both
9
( ) 1 Can I have___bottle of orange, please
A. another B. other C. others D. the others
( ) 2 There are forty-four students in Class One. Nineteen of them are boys,___ are girls.
A. the other B. the others C. others D. some others
( ) 3 Mr Smith has two sons. ____ is a soldier, ___ is a doctor.
A. One; another B. One; other
C. This; the other D. One; the other
( ) 4 There are many people in the park now. Some are boating. ____ are walking along the lake.
A. the other B. other C. the others D. others
( ) 5 The glass is broken. Go and get____ .
A. other B. another one C. .others D. the other
( ) 6 I borrowed two books. ____ is in English, and____ is in Chinese.
A. It; another B. One; another C. The one; another D. One; the other
10
( ) 1 _____ of them has an English dictionary.
A. Every B. All C. Both D. Each
( ) 2 There are lots of English books here, and ____ of them is easy to understand.
A. both B. all .C. every D. each
( ) 3 I didn't know that you___would___there.
A. be; all B. all; be C. are; all D: all; are
( ) 4 -Are these two books interesting
-Yes, ____ of them are interesting.
A. both B. all C. either D. neither
11
( ) 1 He couldn't make himself understood because ___ of us knew what he said.
A. none B. no C. nobody D. not
( ) 2 I didn't like the cross talk. ____ of the actors was funny.
A. Both B. All C. Neither D. Either
( ) 3 _____ of them is good at singing.
A. Both B. All C. No one D. Neither
( ) 4 -Which would you like, a cup of tea or a glass of milk
-____, thanks. I think I'll just have a glass of water.
A. None B. Neither C. Both D. Either
( ) 5 -How many monkeys did you see in the zoo
A. Never B. None C. No one D. Nothing
12
( ) 1 We should speak English as___ as possible.
A. many B. much C. few D. lot
( ) 2 It's going to be a busy day today. I have____ work to do.
A. a hard B. a lot C. many D. much
( ) 3 The boy has eaten two bananas already, but he wanted___.
A. a few more B. few more C. a little more D. little more
( ) 4 Do you eat ____ fruit and vegetables
A. many B. more C. a lot D. a lot of
13
( ) 1 I didn't get any letters yesterday, but there were____ this morning.
A. a little B. few C. little D. a few
( ) 2 The film isn't interesting. ___ people like it.
A. Few B. A little C. A few D. Little
( ) 3 She can speak ___ English now.
A. a little B. a few C. many D. few
( ) 4 Hurry up! There is____ time left.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
( ) 5 Sorry, I can't answer your question. I know____ about the subject.
A. a little B. little C. few D. a few
1. 1-3 D D D
2. 1-6 D D D B D D
3. 1-6 D D B A D D
4. 1-5 B D A D B
5. 1-5 B B D D A
6. 1-3 B B D
7. 1-3 A A A
8. 1-3 B B B
9. 1-6 A B D D B D
10. 1-4 D D B A
11. 1-5 A D D B B
12. 1-4 B D A D
13. 1-5 D A A D B
全章鞏固
基礎題：
1.You may come to my house ______ this week_____ next week.
A .neither; or B .from ; to C .either ;or D. either; nor
2.I don’t think we can do it all______ .
A. by ourselves B. by myself C. by ourself D .by yourselves
3.I don’t want this shirt. Please show me______
A .others B .the others C .another D .the other
4.I can’t repair the model ship______ . Can you help______
A .me; me B. myself ;myself C .myself ;me D. me ; myself
5.Does your brother often wash clothes______
A. he B .himself C. herself D .him
6. We study Chinese,English ,maths and some ______ subjects.
A .the other B. one C .other D .another
7.I have two sisters . ______ of them are doctors.
A. Both B. All C .Either D. Neither
8.The book on the shelf is______.She wrote______ name on its cover .
A .Hers ; her ;herself B. Her; hers; herself C. Herself; her; hers D .Her; herself; herself
9. “Don’t worry . There’s______ much wrong with you.” said the doctor.
A. nothing B .everything C. something D .very
10.These shoes are too small. You may buy some______ shoes .
A .another B .other C .the .others D. others
11.I asked Jim and Bob to come to my house for dinner ,but______ of them came .
A .another B. other C .the others D .others
12.They are______ the same size ,so you may take______ half of the cake.
A. at; each B. in ; both C .at ; neither D .in ; either
13.Betty and John have come back ,but______ students in the class aren’t here yet.
A. the other B others C. another D. the others
14.Your mother is kindness______ .
A .itself B. herself C. oneself D .himself
15.She stayed there longer than ______ .
A. anyone B .anything else C. anybody D .anybody else
16.Is this her bike No,it isn’t . It’s ______.
A. mine B. my C. me D. he’s
17. ______ Li Ping’s brother.
A. Her B. His C .He’s D. She’s
18.He is a boy . ______ name is Wang Bing.
A. He B. His C. Her D. He’s
19.What’s this ______.
A. It’s a bread B. It is a bread C. It’s bread D. This’s bread
20.The bowls are on the table .There are some eggs in ______ .
A. the B. them C. it D. he
21.Let ______ have a meeting .
A. me B. you C. us D. me
22. Mother often sees______ on Sunday .
A. her all friends B. all her friend C. her friends D. her all friend.
23.When you see Tom and his sister ,tell ______ that ______ mother is waiting at the gate.
A. his ;his B. her; hers C. them ; their D. his ; her
24.He wants you to talk______ about China.
A .anything B .nothing C. thing D .something
25.Granny seems ill . Are you sure it’s______
A .nothing serious B. anything serious C. serious nothing D. serious anything
基礎練習Keys: 1-5 CACCB 6-10 CAAAB 11-15 DDABD 16-20 ACBCB 21-25 CBCDA
提高訓練：
1．This dictionary is not hers. It’s _______.
A. I B. me C. mine D. my
2. Is this ___ magazine - No, it isn’t. It’s
A. your, her B hers, mine C.yours, hers D your, hers
3. There are two books on the desk. One is a maths book, _______ is an English book.
A. others B. other C. the other D. another
4. _______ of the girls plays tennis well.
A. Neither B. Both C. All D. Some
5. Mary speaks very quickly. _______ is difficult to understand what she is saying.
A. That B. she C. It D. There
6. The school was built by the villagers _______.
A. us B. ourselves C. them D. themselves
7. He put a finger into ______ mouth and sucked it.
A. his B. he C. him D. his’s
8. He is always ready to help ______.
A. another B. others C. the other D. other
9. Let _______ do this exercise myself.
A. him B. her C. us D. me
10. Have you _______ to tell us
A. important something B. something important
C. important anything D. anything important
11. I met an old friend of ___ on ______ way home.
A. mine, my B. my, the C. mine, a D. mine, the
12. ______ of the students in our class has a ticket.
A. Every B. Both C. Each D. All
13. There are several books on the desk.. _____ of them is English.A. All B. Both C. None D. Neither
14. _______ live in Shanghai.
A. We B. Our C. Ours D. Ourselves
15. --- Is this ______ jacket --- Yes, it’s _______.
A. her, her B. her, hers C. hers, her D. hers, hers
16. --- _______ is that boy --- He’s my son.
A. Who B. Whom C. What D. Which
17. ___ humans ______ animals can live without air.
A. Both, and B. Neither, nor
C. Either, or D. Not only, but also
18. They have twenty-six desks in the classroom. One is for the teacher, ______ are for the students.
A. the other B. other C. the others D. others
19. My dictionary is in my bag. Where is _______
A. yours B. you C. yourself D. your
20. I think you can do the job ______.
A. yourself B. myself C. himself D. your
21.Which jacket is Mary’s --The red one is _______.
A. she B. her C. hers D. his
22. My uncle was so angry that he was no ______ when he found I was beating his dog.
A. him B. his C. himself D. he
23. There are many trees on ____side of the street.
A. all B. both C. every D. each
24. _____ is important for us to keep the balance of nature.
A. There B. That C. This D. It
25. She can’t find ______ watch.
A. hers B. it C. her D. it’s
26. There is ______ milk in the glass.
A. many B. little C. few D. a few
27. Please pass ______ the cap of tea.
A. me B. my C. mine D. I
28. Have you heard from ______ recently
A. them B. they C. themselves D. their
29. There is _____water in the bottle.
A. not B. some C. any D. many
30. There isn’t ______ food left on the table.
A. many B. few C. much D. little
31. Sorry, I can’t answer your question. I know ______ about the news.
A. a little B. little C. few D. a few
32. This is his schoolbag, ______ is on the desk.
A. my B. yours C. your D. you
33. We made the radio ______.
A. us B. ourselves C. myself D. our
34. Would please give me ______ hot tea
A. one B. little C. some D. any
35. --- Would you like some milk in your tea --- Yes, just _______. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few
36. This question is so difficult that ______ students can answer it. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
37. They have only _________ homework for Sunday. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
38. They told us about their school and we told them about_______.A. we B.us C. our D. ours
39. This blue suit looks better than the green ________.A. / B. one C. suits D. ones
40. _________ is your father ,a worker or a teacher
A. How B. Which C. What D. Who
答案：1—5 CDCAC 6—10 DABDD 11—15 ACCAB 16—20 ABCAA 21—25 CCDDC 26—30 BAABC 31—35 BBBCA 36—40 ADDBC
HYPERLINK "http://21世紀教育網(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世紀教育網(www.21cnjy.com)

展開更多......

收起↑