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Unit4 Then and now詞匯&語法&翻譯&閱讀(含答案) 上海 2025-2026學年滬教版(五四學制)(2024)八年級英語上冊

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Unit4 Then and now詞匯&語法&翻譯&閱讀(含答案) 上海 2025-2026學年滬教版(五四學制)(2024)八年級英語上冊

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第一部分 詞匯
課本詞匯
序號 單詞/詞組 音標 中文釋義
1. memory [ mem( )ri] n.記憶
2. seldom ['seld m] adv.不常;很少;難得
3. nowadays ['na .de z] adv.現今:現在;目前
4. truck [tr k] n.卡車;貨運汽車
5. wide [wa d] adj.寬的;寬闊的
6. modern [ m d (r)n] adj.現代的;近代的
7. highway ['ha we ] n.公路
8. stay [ste ] n.停留;逗留(時間)
9. tape [te p] n.磁帶:錄像帶
10. player [ ple (r)] n.播放機
11. inside [ n sa d] prep.在(或向)..內;在(或向).里
12. any more adv.(常用于否定句和疑問句句末)再也 (不),(不)再
13. borrow [ b r ] v.借;借用
14. imagine [ 'm d n] v.想象;設想
15. roll [r l] n.卷;卷軸
16. business ['b zn s] n.公司,商業
17. record ['rek rd] n.唱片
18. except [ k'sept] prep.除.…之外
19. belong [b l ] v.應在(某處)
20. belong to sb. 屬于某人:歸某人所有
21. century ['sent ri] n.世紀:百年
22. worst [w (r)st] adj.最差的:最壞的:最糟的
23. industry [' nd stri] n.工業
24. progress [pr ɡres] n.進步;進展
25. ordinary [ (r)d( )n( )ri adj.普通的;平凡的
詞性轉換
Write the words according to their grammatical forms(根據詞性要求寫出單詞)
n.記憶 v.記住;熟記 adj.寬的;寬闊的 adv.廣泛地 v.(使)變寬,加寬
v.想象;設想 n.想象;想象力 4. n.唱片 v.記錄;記載 n.錄音機;記錄器
5. n.公司;商業 adj.忙碌的 v.應在(某處) n.附屬品,附件
adj.普通的;平凡的 adv.一般情況下;通常地 adv.突然地;巨大地:令人吃驚地 adj.戲劇的;激動人心的 n.戲劇
v.(使)成長,發展,壯大 n.發展;成長;壯大 10. n.增長 v.成長;長大
11. adj.令人不快的:不舒服的 _adj.令人愉快的;吸引人的 n.快樂;愉快 12. adv.極其;非常 adj.極度的;極大的
adj.有難聞氣味的:有臭味的 n.氣味 v.聞到;嗅到(氣味) 14. adj.富有的;富裕的 n.財富;財物
15. n.教育 adj.教育的:有關教育的 adj.外國的 n.外國人
adj..極為惡劣的;十分嚴重的 adv.嚴厲地:嚴重地 v.處罰;懲罰 n.懲罰;處罰
v.燃燒:燒 adj.燃燒的:火熱的 n.加熱器;爐子,熱水器 n.熱度 v把..加熱
【答案】1.memory,memorize 2.wide,widely,widen
3.imagine,imagination 4.record,record.recorder 5.business,busy 6.belong,belonging 7.ordinary,ordinarily 8.dramatically,dramatic,drama 9.develop,development 10.growth,grow 11.unpleasant,pleasant,pleasure 12extremely,extreme 13smelly.smell 14.wealthy.wealth
15.education,educational 16 .foreign,foreigner 17 severe,severely 18.punish,punishment 19.burn,burning 20.heater.heat
詞組
I.Translate the following phrases into English(根據漢語寫出詞組)
1.過去常常 2.遍及
3.立刻;馬上 4.拍照
5.被用作 6.打電話
7.在……的開始 8.再也(不),(不)再
11.造成;導致 12.與.…不同
【答案】1.used to 2.all over 3.right now 4.take photos 5.be used to (do sth.)6.make phone calls7 at the beginning of 8 any more 9.belong to sb. 10.living conditions ll.result in 12.be different from
單詞練習
I.Complete the sentences according to the phonetic symbols(根據音標補全句子)
1. / 'na .de z/, with the development of technology,many traditional skills are dying.
2 It is difficult for most of us to live without electricity in / m d (r)n/society.
3.I /ste d/ at home instead of going out to play yesterday.
4. Don't stay / n sa d/ on such a sunny morning. Let's go out for a walk.
5. Don't be afraid to make mistakes,or you won't make /pr ɡres/in your study.
6.Peter / re (r)li/ talks with other students on campus.
7.The /'l v / conditions of wild animals have improved greatly in recent years.
8 With the help of the electrical appliances, people can spend less time on the / ha s w (r)k/
【答案】1.Nowadays 2.modern 3.stayed 4.inside 5.progress 6.rarely 7.living 8. housework
plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括號中所給單詞的適當形式完成下列句子)
1.Human beings used fire to cook food for many .(century)
2 .Mobile phones are used in our daily lives now,like making phone calls, paying and reading.(wide)
3-What do you think of the film last night -Not so good. In fact,it is the one I have ever seen before.(bad)
4. The game between England and France had a ending.(dramatically)
5 .Stores are losing their customers because of the of the Internet.(develop)
6.Don't throw rubbish everywhere,or there will be an smell around your house.(pleasant)
7.Some people believe that if they are they will be able to do anything they want.(wealth)
8. He made John wash the car for a week as a .(punish)
【答案】1.centuries 2.widely 3.worst 4.dramatic 5.development 6.unpleasant 7.wealthy 8.punishment
plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括號中所給單詞的適當形式完成下列句子)
1.Scientists are studying how the brain keeps for many years.and their work continues.(memory)
2.Simon joined the IT Club at the of the term.(begin)
3 .The water comes from the new factory in that town.(smell)
4.The USA is a big country.but it is not in the world.(large)
5 .In many major Asian cities like Singapore and Tokyo,the cost of a house is high.(extreme)
6.The sun is very important for the of all living things.(grow)
7.As citizens of Shanghai,we have the duty to make our city a place.(please)
8.They may have to the road to cope with the increase in traffic.(wide)
【答案】1.memories 2.beginning 3.smelly4.the largest 5.extremely 6.growth 7.pleasant 8.widen
1.memories
解析:keep memories(保留記憶)是固定搭配,memory 需用復數形式表示長期記憶。
中文:科學家正在研究大腦如何多年保留記憶,他們的工作仍在繼續。
2.beginning
解析:at the beginning of(在...開始時)是固定短語,begin 需用名詞形式。
中文:西蒙在學期初加入了 IT 俱樂部。
3.smelly
解析:修飾名詞 water 需用形容詞形式,smell→smelly(有臭味的)中文:那股有臭味的水來自鎮上那家新工廠。
4.the largest
解析:根據語境"但不是世界上最…",需用 1arge 的最高級 the largest.
中文:美國是個大國,但不是世界上最大的。
5.extremely
解析:修飾形容詞 high 需用副詞形式,extreme→extremely。
中文:在亞洲許多大城市如新加坡和東京,房價極高。
6.growth
解析:定冠詞 the 后接名詞形式,grow→growth(生長)。
中文:太陽對所有生物的生長非常重要。
7.pleasant
解析:make sth+ adj.(使..成為...),please 的形容詞形式是 pleasant(令人愉快的)。
中文:作為上海市民,我們有責任讓城市變得更宜居。
8.widen
解析:have to 后接動詞原形,wide 的動詞形式是 widen(拓寬)。
中文:他們可能得拓寬道路以應對交通流量的增加。
第二部分 語法
讓步狀語從句
1.引導讓步狀語從句的連詞有:
although, while, even though, even if, whether... (or not),用no matter+wh-/how 引導
2.although/though“雖然”
Although I didn't know anybody at the party, I had a very good time.雖然晚會上的客人我一個也不認識,但我玩得很愉快。
[注意]“although...but”是個典型的錯誤,因為but 是并列連詞,不能與從屬連詞 although 連用。但是,although 可與 yet,still 連用,因為yet,still 是副詞,它可使前后關系更明確。
3.while 意為“然而”。
1)while 用于對照,說明兩種情況相反,意為“然而,但是”。
Tom is very outgoing, while Jane is shy and quiet.湯姆性格外向,而簡卻靦腆安靜,While I was reading, he was playing.我在讀書,而他在玩。
while 意為“雖然,盡管”,同 although,此時從句和主句的主語往往為同一人或物。While she liked cats。she never let them come into her room.雖然她喜歡貓,但她從不讓貓進她的房間.
4.even if“即使”(if后陳述的是假設);even though“盡管”(though后陳述的是事實)I'm going to apply for the job,even if it pays very little.即使報酬不高,我也要去申請那份工作。He is an honest man,I say,even though I have opposed him.我說他是個誠實的人,盡管我反對過他。
5.whether...(or not)“無論是...或是.
Whether it rains or not,I shall go out for an outing.無論是否下雨,我都要外出游玩
Whether we win or lose,we are going to do our best.無論勝敗,我們都會盡最大努力
[注意]whether 作“無論”解,用現在時表將來;whether 作“是否”解時則不能。
They'll go out whether it rains or not tomorrow.無論明天是否下雨,他們都要出去
Can you tell me whether it will rain or not tomorrow 你能告訴我明天是否下雨嗎
6.用no matter+ wh-/how的詞引導,意為“無論”。
no matter who 無論誰,no matter which 無論哪一,no matter what 無論什么. no matter when 無論何時,no matter where 無論哪里,no matter how無論怎樣
No matter who you are,you must obey the law.無論你是誰,你都應當遵紀守法
No matter where you are, you must remember you are a League member.無論你在哪里,你都應當記住你是一個團員。
It has the same result no matter which way you do it.無論用什么方法來做,結果都一樣。
No matter what happens, we'll never lose heart.不管發生什么,我們永遠不會灰心。
You can always find him working at the desk no matter when you go to see him.無論什么時候你去看他,總會發現他坐在桌邊工作。
No matter how cold it is,she often goes swimming.無論有多冷,她總是常去游泳。
I.選擇最佳答案填空
1) he's old, he can still carry this heavy bag.
A. Though B. Since C.For D. So
2) ---How do you like the concert given by the "Foxy Ladies"
----Exciting, one piece of the music wasn't played quite well.
A. so B. though C.because D. and
3)---Shall we go on working -Yes, I prefer to have a rest.
A. when B.if C.because D.though
4)Doctor Li went to see the patient it was raining heavily.
A. because B. and C.since D. though
5)---This dress was last year's style.
---I think it still looks perfect it has gone out this year.
A. so that B. even though C. as if D. ever since
6)No matter busy he is, he won't give up his hobby.
A. where B.how C. what D. who
7)I never seem to lose any weight, hard I try.
A.even though B.no matter how C. as if D.ever since
8)No matter you come, you are welcome.
A.how B. where C. when D. what
9)Though it's raining, are still working in the fields.
A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they
10)Nobody believed him what he said.
A.even though B. in spite C.no matter D.contrary to
11) what may happen, I won't change my mind.
A. Even if B.Although C.Perhaps D. No matter
【Keys】1)A 2)B 3)D 4)D 5)B 6)B 7)B 8)C 9)A 10)C 11) D
plete the following sentences according to the Chinese meaning(根據中文意思完成下列句子)
1.雖然當時正下著雨,但他仍然到那里去了。
it was raining,he went there.
2.雖然下著雪,但并不是很冷。
It was snowing, it was not very cold.
3.雖然很疲勞,但他繼續工作。
he was tired, he kept on working.
4.雖然我的叔叔老了,但他看上去還是很健壯。
my uncle is old,he looks very strong and healthy.
【答案】1.Although/Though.still 2.but 3.Although/Though.yet 4.Although/Though
語法精選---非謂語動詞
動詞不定式
1.作表語;2.信號詞:wish,hope, dream, work, task, duty, ambition,etc. etc. My wish is to become a teacher. The first thing I want to do is to visit my grandfather.
作定語(后置) I have nothing to send you. We must never miss the chance to show love for our parents. I have nothing to say about that thing. Sorry, I can't go with you; I have a lot of clothes to wash. 3.China is the third country to send its astronauts into the space.
I.Fill in the blanks with the given verbs in their proper forms(用所給動詞的適當形式填空)
1.Father decided us to Hong Kong Disneyland for fun.(take)
2.I used to a cassette when I was young.(have)
3.Students can organize notes by information on a computer.(store)
4.A cable car is used for people up a hill.(carry)
5.The increasing popularity(流行) of the Internet provided new ways for learning and knowledge among people.(share)
6.The bird's large feet are used to them quickly through the water.(push)
7.The old couple were used to to church on Sundays when they stayed in China.(go)
8 .My parents have asked the Wangs for dinner on Friday evening.(come)
【答案】1.to take 2.have 3.storing 4.carrying 5.sharing 6.push 7.going 8. to come
【解析】1.to take
解析:decide to do sth(決定做某事)是固定搭配,動詞需用不定式。
中文:父親決定帶我們去香港迪士尼樂園玩。
2 .have
解析:used to do sth(過去常常做某事)是固定搭配,后接動詞原形。
中文:我小時候曾經有一臺磁帶錄音機。
3 .storing
解析:by 是介詞,后接動名詞(V-ing)形式。
中文:學生可以通過在電腦上存儲信息來整理筆記。
4.carrying
解析:be used for doing sth(用于做某事)是固定搭配,for 后接動名詞。
中文:纜車用于載人上山。
5.sharing
解析:and 連接并列結構,前面是learning(動名詞),后面也需用動名詞 sharing
中文:互聯網的日益流行為人們學習和分享知識提供了新方式。
6.push
解析:be used to do sth(被用來做某事)是固定搭配,to 后接動詞原形。
中文:這種鳥的大腳用來在水中快速推進。
7.going
解析:be used to doing sth(習慣于做某事)是固定搭配,to 是介詞,后接動名詞。
中文:這對老夫婦在中國時習慣周日去教堂。
8.to come
解析:ask sb to do sth(邀請某人做某事)是固定搭配,動詞需用不定式
中文:我父母邀請王家人周五晚上來吃晚飯。
II.Rewrite the following sentences as required(根據所給要求,改寫下列句子。每空格限填一詞)
1.Linda's mother used to be a university teacher.(改為一般疑問句)
Linda's mother to be a university teacher
2.Alice seldom goes out for a walk after dinner.(改為反意疑問句)
Alice seldom goes out for a walk after dinner,
3.We are old,but we work in the fields every day.(保持句意基本不變)
we are old, we work in the fields every day.
4.AI technology has brought great changes to people's daily lives.(對畫線部分提問)
Al technology brought to people's daily lives
5. He was often angry with her because he thought that she never visited him.(對畫線部分提問)
he often angry with her
6.The box is so heavy that I can't carry it,(保持句意基本不變)
The box is heavy for me carry.
7.Many people buy green products to protect the earth.(改為被動語態)
Green products by many people to protect the earth.
8.It's fun to go skating on real ice in winter.(改為感嘆句)
it is to go skating on real ice in winter!
【答案】1.Did,use 2.does she 3.Although/Though,yet 4.What has 5. Why was 6. too,to7.are bought 8.What fun
第三部分 翻譯
I.Complete the sentences(根據中文提示,完成句子)
1.In the past,high mountains and wide rivers (使這座城市難以到達)
2.Tourists (來自世界各地)come to Chongqing and enjoy their stay there.
3.It (似乎) only yesterday that I bought my first bicycle.
4.My computer (不再工作了).Can I use yours
5.Technology has gone so far (從我小時候起)
6.The money (被用作)buying a local farm.
7. (在未來幾十年后),robots will take over most jobs from humans.
8.Do we enjoy (更好的生活條件)than people in the past
【答案】1.made the city difficult to get to 2.from all over the world 3.seems like 4.doesn't work any more5.since l was young 6.is used for 7.In the next few decades 8. better living conditions
II.Translate the following sentences into English,using the words or phrases in the brackets(使用括號中的單詞或詞組將下列句子翻譯成英文)
1.20世紀中國發生了巨大的變化。(see great changes)
2.在過去,人們幾乎都不乘飛機旅行。(seldom)
3.政府決定在那條河上建一座橋。(decide)
4.似乎就在上周,我買了我的第一部手機。(seem like)
5.這個舊唱片機屬于我奶奶。(belong to)
6.科技的進步使人們之間交流更容易。(make)
7.盡管這個老人一個人住,但是他很開心。(although)
8.孩子們不得不在像工廠和礦山等地方長時間工作。(work long hours)
【答案】1. The 20th century saw great changes in China.
2.In the past,people seldom travelled by airplane.
3.The government decided to build a bridge over the river.
4.It seemed like only last week that I bought my first mobile phone.
5.This old record player belongs/belonged to my grandma.
6. The progress of technology makes communication among people much easier.
7.Although the old man lives alone.he feels happy.
8.The children had to work long hours in places like factories and mines.
第四部分 閱讀提高
I.Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once (將下列單詞填入空格,使文章通順,每個單詞只能使用一次)
A.powerful B.secrets C.situation D.reduce E. tradition
Many people think that keeping a dairy is something that teenage girls do. It's seen as a place to write down 1 you don't want anyone else to know. The stereotype (格式化觀念) is that only women keep diaries. In fact, keeping a diary is a very old 2 .It can be useful for many different types of people. any famous people have kept diaries. Many 3 people have kept diaries. Some of these people include famous writers and presidents.
Keeping a diary is said to have health advantage. Studies show that keeping a diary, that is, writing out thoughts daily,can 4 asthma symptoms (哮喘癥狀).
A.different B.free C.tired D.understand E.decision
Writing uses your left brain, which is thoughtful and organized. While your left brains is busy, your right brain is 5 to create and feel. This allows you to use all of your brain power to better 6 yourself,others, and the world around you.
The key to successful diary keeping is not stopping any thoughts (想法) from coming through. This even means allowing thoughts that makes you come out in your writing. It helps make your feelings clearer, and is especially useful if a person is faced with a hard 7 . Sometimes just writing down the ideas you agree and disagree helps you think over a problem more clearly. You begin to see a problem from 8 ways. This is helpful if you don't agree with others.
【答案】1.B 2.E 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.D 7.E 8.A
plete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once,將下列單詞或詞組填入空格。每空格限填一詞,每詞或詞組只能填一次。
A.finally B.excited C.never D.returned E.happened F.introduced
Elephants are known for having good, long memories. Now, research by scientists at the University of Wuppertal, in Germany, suggests that elephants 9 forget the smell of a family member's pool (糞便).
The scientists observed what 10 when a German zoo reunited two pairs of elephants-two mother-daughter pairs. They hadn't seen each other for a long time: one for two years and the other for 12 years.
Before bringing the elephants back together, the researchers 11 each mother to her child's poo,along with droppings from other elephants. The elephants didn't pay attention to the droppings of animals unrelated to them. However, when they smelled their family member's poo, they got 12 waving their ears and making noises.
Not all scientists agree that the experiment proves elephants have good memories, just because they seem to recognize a smell. However, when the elephants 13 met each other again. they seemed to do the elephant way of hugging. They did something that we would call a greeting.
【答案】9.C 10.E 11.F 12.B 13.A
III.Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.
Creating a science fiction story is like designing your own world.Here's 14 to do it.
1)Create a Believable World
Start by 15 a clear setting for your story. It could be the future, another planet, or a completely new world. Make sure the rules of this world are clear so your readers can understand how everything works.
2) 16 Interesting Characters
Your characters should fit the world you've created. Are they living in a high-tech society, or exploring an alien planet Show how their environment influences (影響 ) who they are.
3)Include Surprises
Science fiction is all about exploring the unknown. Add surprises, like strange discoveries, new technologies or unexpected events. This will keep your readers on the edge of their 17 and make the story exciting.
4) Mix Real Science with Imagination
While your story can have futuristic tech or alien creatures, try to ground it in some real science. You don't need to be an expert, but using facts from space, biology, or physics can improve your world. 18 ,use your imagination to take things further.
5)End with meaningfulness
Think carefully about how your story ends. You could answer all the questions you raised, or leave some things 19 for the reader to think about. A strong ending will stay with your readers long after they finish the story.
Enjoy the adventure of making your own world!
14.A. what B.how C. why D. which
15.A.build B.built C. building D. to built
16.A. Develop B.Draw C.Decide D. Divide
17. A. books B. eyes C. seats D. hands
18.A.As well B. For example C.Besides D. After that
19.A.empty B. free C.relaxing D.open
【答案】14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.D 19.D
IV.Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage(選擇最恰當的單詞或詞語完成短文)
Be an inventor!
The biggest secret about inventing is that anybody can do it! Perhaps this sounds crazy, but it's true. Maybe you have the wrong idea about inventing, so read on to discover the 20 .
Wrong idea number 1: An invention has to be something completely new
Well, inventing means creating something “new", but the idea could come from something that already 21 .The Wright brothers, for example, got the idea for building a “flying machine” from watching birds.
Wrong idea number 2: Inventors are born, not made.
There are a lot of factors (因素)that make innovation 22 . Take Mozart, for example. He was born with a unique talent for musical composition. But other factors were also important for his creativity. His father was a music teacher, and Mozart 23 for hours every day, from the time he was in kindergarten.
Thomas Edison said that being an inventor was “99% hard work and 1% inspiration”! Very successful creators don't 24 when they get something wrong. As one inventor said, “A failure is the right answer to the wrong question!”
Wrong idea number 3: Inventors are always 25 people.
Don't believe that you can't invent something when you are young. Here is an example of a young inventor.Louis Braille went blind when he was a child. When he was 15, he invented a system of reading and writing for blind people that is still used in most countries today.
20.A.truth B.cause C. detail D. land
21.A.happens B. finishes C.exists D.matters
22.A.easy B. possible C. special D. interesting
23.A. fought B. dreamed C. argued D. practised
24.A. give up B. run away C.work hard D. turn back
25.A. clever B. healthy C. old D. strange
【答案】20.A 21.C 22.B 23.D 24.A 25.C第一部分 詞匯
課本詞匯
序號 單詞/詞組 音標 中文釋義
1. [ mem( )ri] n.記憶
2. ['seld m] adv.不常;很少;難得
3. ['na .de z] adv.現今:現在;目前
4. [tr k] n.卡車;貨運汽車
5. [wa d] adj.寬的;寬闊的
6. [ m d (r)n] adj.現代的;近代的
7. ['ha we ] n.公路
8. [ste ] n.停留;逗留(時間)
9. [te p] n.磁帶:錄像帶
10. [ ple (r)] n.播放機
11. [ n sa d] prep.在(或向)..內;在(或向).里
12. adv.(常用于否定句和疑問句句末)再也 (不),(不)再
13. [ b r ] v.借;借用
14. [ 'm d n] v.想象;設想
15. [r l] n.卷;卷軸
16. ['b zn s] n.公司,商業
17. ['rek rd] n.唱片
18. [ k'sept] prep.除.…之外
19. [b l ] v.應在(某處)
20. 屬于某人:歸某人所有
21. ['sent ri] n.世紀:百年
22. [w (r)st] adj.最差的:最壞的:最糟的
23. [' nd stri] n.工業
24. [pr ɡres] n.進步;進展
25. [ (r)d( )n( )ri adj.普通的;平凡的
詞性轉換
Write the words according to their grammatical forms(根據詞性要求寫出單詞)
n.記憶 v.記住;熟記 adj.寬的;寬闊的 adv.廣泛地 v.(使)變寬,加寬
v.想象;設想 n.想象;想象力 4. n.唱片 v.記錄;記載 n.錄音機;記錄器
5. n.公司;商業 adj.忙碌的 v.應在(某處) n.附屬品,附件
adj.普通的;平凡的 adv.一般情況下;通常地 adv.突然地;巨大地:令人吃驚地 adj.戲劇的;激動人心的 n.戲劇
v.(使)成長,發展,壯大 n.發展;成長;壯大 10. n.增長 v.成長;長大
11. adj.令人不快的:不舒服的 _adj.令人愉快的;吸引人的 n.快樂;愉快 12. adv.極其;非常 adj.極度的;極大的
adj.有難聞氣味的:有臭味的 n.氣味 v.聞到;嗅到(氣味) 14. adj.富有的;富裕的 n.財富;財物
15. n.教育 adj.教育的:有關教育的 adj.外國的 n.外國人
adj..極為惡劣的;十分嚴重的 adv.嚴厲地:嚴重地 v.處罰;懲罰 n.懲罰;處罰
v.燃燒:燒 adj.燃燒的:火熱的 n.加熱器;爐子,熱水器 n.熱度 v把..加熱
詞組
I.Translate the following phrases into English(根據漢語寫出詞組)
1.過去常常 2.遍及
3.立刻;馬上 4.拍照
5.被用作 6.打電話
7.在……的開始 8.再也(不),(不)再
11.造成;導致 12.與.…不同
單詞練習
I.Complete the sentences according to the phonetic symbols(根據音標補全句子)
1. / 'na .de z/, with the development of technology,many traditional skills are dying.
2 It is difficult for most of us to live without electricity in / m d (r)n/society.
3.I /ste d/ at home instead of going out to play yesterday.
4. Don't stay / n sa d/ on such a sunny morning. Let's go out for a walk.
5. Don't be afraid to make mistakes,or you won't make /pr ɡres/in your study.
6.Peter / re (r)li/ talks with other students on campus.
7.The /'l v / conditions of wild animals have improved greatly in recent years.
8 With the help of the electrical appliances, people can spend less time on the / ha s w (r)k/
plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括號中所給單詞的適當形式完成下列句子)
1.Human beings used fire to cook food for many .(century)
2 .Mobile phones are used in our daily lives now,like making phone calls, paying and reading.(wide)
3-What do you think of the film last night -Not so good. In fact,it is the one I have ever seen before.(bad)
4. The game between England and France had a ending.(dramatically)
5 .Stores are losing their customers because of the of the Internet.(develop)
6.Don't throw rubbish everywhere,or there will be an smell around your house.(pleasant)
7.Some people believe that if they are they will be able to do anything they want.(wealth)
8. He made John wash the car for a week as a .(punish)
plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括號中所給單詞的適當形式完成下列句子)
1.Scientists are studying how the brain keeps for many years.and their work continues.(memory)
2.Simon joined the IT Club at the of the term.(begin)
3 .The water comes from the new factory in that town.(smell)
4.The USA is a big country.but it is not in the world.(large)
5 .In many major Asian cities like Singapore and Tokyo,the cost of a house is high.(extreme)
6.The sun is very important for the of all living things.(grow)
7.As citizens of Shanghai,we have the duty to make our city a place.(please)
8.They may have to the road to cope with the increase in traffic.(wide)
第二部分 語法
讓步狀語從句
1.引導讓步狀語從句的連詞有:
although, while, even though, even if, whether... (or not),用no matter+wh-/how 引導
2.although/though“雖然”
Although I didn't know anybody at the party, I had a very good time.雖然晚會上的客人我一個也不認識,但我玩得很愉快。
[注意]“although...but”是個典型的錯誤,因為but 是并列連詞,不能與從屬連詞 although 連用。但是,although 可與 yet,still 連用,因為yet,still 是副詞,它可使前后關系更明確。
3.while 意為“然而”。
1)while 用于對照,說明兩種情況相反,意為“然而,但是”。
Tom is very outgoing, while Jane is shy and quiet.湯姆性格外向,而簡卻靦腆安靜,While I was reading, he was playing.我在讀書,而他在玩。
while 意為“雖然,盡管”,同 although,此時從句和主句的主語往往為同一人或物。While she liked cats。she never let them come into her room.雖然她喜歡貓,但她從不讓貓進她的房間.
4.even if“即使”(if后陳述的是假設);even though“盡管”(though后陳述的是事實)I'm going to apply for the job,even if it pays very little.即使報酬不高,我也要去申請那份工作。He is an honest man,I say,even though I have opposed him.我說他是個誠實的人,盡管我反對過他。
5.whether...(or not)“無論是...或是.
Whether it rains or not,I shall go out for an outing.無論是否下雨,我都要外出游玩
Whether we win or lose,we are going to do our best.無論勝敗,我們都會盡最大努力
[注意]whether 作“無論”解,用現在時表將來;whether 作“是否”解時則不能。
They'll go out whether it rains or not tomorrow.無論明天是否下雨,他們都要出去
Can you tell me whether it will rain or not tomorrow 你能告訴我明天是否下雨嗎
6.用no matter+ wh-/how的詞引導,意為“無論”。
no matter who 無論誰,no matter which 無論哪一,no matter what 無論什么. no matter when 無論何時,no matter where 無論哪里,no matter how無論怎樣
No matter who you are,you must obey the law.無論你是誰,你都應當遵紀守法
No matter where you are, you must remember you are a League member.無論你在哪里,你都應當記住你是一個團員。
It has the same result no matter which way you do it.無論用什么方法來做,結果都一樣。
No matter what happens, we'll never lose heart.不管發生什么,我們永遠不會灰心。
You can always find him working at the desk no matter when you go to see him.無論什么時候你去看他,總會發現他坐在桌邊工作。
No matter how cold it is,she often goes swimming.無論有多冷,她總是常去游泳。
I.選擇最佳答案填空
1) he's old, he can still carry this heavy bag.
A. Though B. Since C.For D. So
2) ---How do you like the concert given by the "Foxy Ladies"
----Exciting, one piece of the music wasn't played quite well.
A. so B. though C.because D. and
3)---Shall we go on working -Yes, I prefer to have a rest.
A. when B.if C.because D.though
4)Doctor Li went to see the patient it was raining heavily.
A. because B. and C.since D. though
5)---This dress was last year's style.
---I think it still looks perfect it has gone out this year.
A. so that B. even though C. as if D. ever since
6)No matter busy he is, he won't give up his hobby.
A. where B.how C. what D. who
7)I never seem to lose any weight, hard I try.
A.even though B.no matter how C. as if D.ever since
8)No matter you come, you are welcome.
A.how B. where C. when D. what
9)Though it's raining, are still working in the fields.
A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they
10)Nobody believed him what he said.
A.even though B. in spite C.no matter D.contrary to
11) what may happen, I won't change my mind.
A. Even if B.Although C.Perhaps D. No matter
plete the following sentences according to the Chinese meaning(根據中文意思完成下列句子)
1.雖然當時正下著雨,但他仍然到那里去了。
it was raining,he went there.
2.雖然下著雪,但并不是很冷。
It was snowing, it was not very cold.
3.雖然很疲勞,但他繼續工作。
he was tired, he kept on working.
4.雖然我的叔叔老了,但他看上去還是很健壯。
my uncle is old,he looks very strong and healthy.
語法精選---非謂語動詞
動詞不定式
1.作表語;2.信號詞:wish,hope, dream, work, task, duty, ambition,etc. etc. My wish is to become a teacher. The first thing I want to do is to visit my grandfather.
作定語(后置) I have nothing to send you. We must never miss the chance to show love for our parents. I have nothing to say about that thing. Sorry, I can't go with you; I have a lot of clothes to wash. 3.China is the third country to send its astronauts into the space.
I.Fill in the blanks with the given verbs in their proper forms(用所給動詞的適當形式填空)
1.Father decided us to Hong Kong Disneyland for fun.(take)
2.I used to a cassette when I was young.(have)
3.Students can organize notes by information on a computer.(store)
4.A cable car is used for people up a hill.(carry)
5.The increasing popularity(流行) of the Internet provided new ways for learning and knowledge among people.(share)
6.The bird's large feet are used to them quickly through the water.(push)
7.The old couple were used to to church on Sundays when they stayed in China.(go)
8 .My parents have asked the Wangs for dinner on Friday evening.(come)
II.Rewrite the following sentences as required(根據所給要求,改寫下列句子。每空格限填一詞)
1.Linda's mother used to be a university teacher.(改為一般疑問句)
Linda's mother to be a university teacher
2.Alice seldom goes out for a walk after dinner.(改為反意疑問句)
Alice seldom goes out for a walk after dinner,
3.We are old,but we work in the fields every day.(保持句意基本不變)
we are old, we work in the fields every day.
4.AI technology has brought great changes to people's daily lives.(對畫線部分提問)
Al technology brought to people's daily lives
5. He was often angry with her because he thought that she never visited him.(對畫線部分提問)
he often angry with her
6.The box is so heavy that I can't carry it,(保持句意基本不變)
The box is heavy for me carry.
7.Many people buy green products to protect the earth.(改為被動語態)
Green products by many people to protect the earth.
8.It's fun to go skating on real ice in winter.(改為感嘆句)
it is to go skating on real ice in winter!
第三部分 翻譯
I.Complete the sentences(根據中文提示,完成句子)
1.In the past,high mountains and wide rivers (使這座城市難以到達)
2.Tourists (來自世界各地)come to Chongqing and enjoy their stay there.
3.It (似乎) only yesterday that I bought my first bicycle.
4.My computer (不再工作了).Can I use yours
5.Technology has gone so far (從我小時候起)
6.The money (被用作)buying a local farm.
7. (在未來幾十年后),robots will take over most jobs from humans.
8.Do we enjoy (更好的生活條件)than people in the past
II.Translate the following sentences into English,using the words or phrases in the brackets(使用括號中的單詞或詞組將下列句子翻譯成英文)
1.20世紀中國發生了巨大的變化。(see great changes)
2.在過去,人們幾乎都不乘飛機旅行。(seldom)
3.政府決定在那條河上建一座橋。(decide)
4.似乎就在上周,我買了我的第一部手機。(seem like)
5.這個舊唱片機屬于我奶奶。(belong to)
6.科技的進步使人們之間交流更容易。(make)
7.盡管這個老人一個人住,但是他很開心。(although)
8.孩子們不得不在像工廠和礦山等地方長時間工作。(work long hours)
第四部分 閱讀提高
I.Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once (將下列單詞填入空格,使文章通順,每個單詞只能使用一次)
A.powerful B.secrets C.situation D.reduce E. tradition
Many people think that keeping a dairy is something that teenage girls do. It's seen as a place to write down 1 you don't want anyone else to know. The stereotype (格式化觀念) is that only women keep diaries. In fact, keeping a diary is a very old 2 .It can be useful for many different types of people. any famous people have kept diaries. Many 3 people have kept diaries. Some of these people include famous writers and presidents.
Keeping a diary is said to have health advantage. Studies show that keeping a diary, that is, writing out thoughts daily,can 4 asthma symptoms (哮喘癥狀).
A.different B.free C.tired D.understand E.decision
Writing uses your left brain, which is thoughtful and organized. While your left brains is busy, your right brain is 5 to create and feel. This allows you to use all of your brain power to better 6 yourself,others, and the world around you.
The key to successful diary keeping is not stopping any thoughts (想法) from coming through. This even means allowing thoughts that makes you come out in your writing. It helps make your feelings clearer, and is especially useful if a person is faced with a hard 7 . Sometimes just writing down the ideas you agree and disagree helps you think over a problem more clearly. You begin to see a problem from 8 ways. This is helpful if you don't agree with others.
plete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once,將下列單詞或詞組填入空格。每空格限填一詞,每詞或詞組只能填一次。
A.finally B.excited C.never D.returned E.happened F.introduced
Elephants are known for having good, long memories. Now, research by scientists at the University of Wuppertal, in Germany, suggests that elephants 9 forget the smell of a family member's pool (糞便).
The scientists observed what 10 when a German zoo reunited two pairs of elephants-two mother-daughter pairs. They hadn't seen each other for a long time: one for two years and the other for 12 years.
Before bringing the elephants back together, the researchers 11 each mother to her child's poo,along with droppings from other elephants. The elephants didn't pay attention to the droppings of animals unrelated to them. However, when they smelled their family member's poo, they got 12 waving their ears and making noises.
Not all scientists agree that the experiment proves elephants have good memories, just because they seem to recognize a smell. However, when the elephants 13 met each other again. they seemed to do the elephant way of hugging. They did something that we would call a greeting.
III.Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.
Creating a science fiction story is like designing your own world.Here's 14 to do it.
1)Create a Believable World
Start by 15 a clear setting for your story. It could be the future, another planet, or a completely new world. Make sure the rules of this world are clear so your readers can understand how everything works.
2) 16 Interesting Characters
Your characters should fit the world you've created. Are they living in a high-tech society, or exploring an alien planet Show how their environment influences (影響 ) who they are.
3)Include Surprises
Science fiction is all about exploring the unknown. Add surprises, like strange discoveries, new technologies or unexpected events. This will keep your readers on the edge of their 17 and make the story exciting.
4) Mix Real Science with Imagination
While your story can have futuristic tech or alien creatures, try to ground it in some real science. You don't need to be an expert, but using facts from space, biology, or physics can improve your world. 18 ,use your imagination to take things further.
5)End with meaningfulness
Think carefully about how your story ends. You could answer all the questions you raised, or leave some things 19 for the reader to think about. A strong ending will stay with your readers long after they finish the story.
Enjoy the adventure of making your own world!
14.A. what B.how C. why D. which
15.A.build B.built C. building D. to built
16.A. Develop B.Draw C.Decide D. Divide
17. A. books B. eyes C. seats D. hands
18.A.As well B. For example C.Besides D. After that
19.A.empty B. free C.relaxing D.open
IV.Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage(選擇最恰當的單詞或詞語完成短文)
Be an inventor!
The biggest secret about inventing is that anybody can do it! Perhaps this sounds crazy, but it's true. Maybe you have the wrong idea about inventing, so read on to discover the 20 .
Wrong idea number 1: An invention has to be something completely new
Well, inventing means creating something “new", but the idea could come from something that already 21 .The Wright brothers, for example, got the idea for building a “flying machine” from watching birds.
Wrong idea number 2: Inventors are born, not made.
There are a lot of factors (因素)that make innovation 22 . Take Mozart, for example. He was born with a unique talent for musical composition. But other factors were also important for his creativity. His father was a music teacher, and Mozart 55 for hours every day, from the time he was in kindergarten.
Thomas Edison said that being an inventor was “99% hard work and 1% inspiration”! Very successful creators don't 23 when they get something wrong. As one inventor said, “A failure is the right answer to the wrong question!”
Wrong idea number 3: Inventors are always 24 people.
Don't believe that you can't invent something when you are young. Here is an example of a young inventor.Louis Braille went blind when he was a child. When he was 15, he invented a system of reading and writing for blind people that is still used in most countries today.
20.A.truth B.cause C. detail D. land
21.A.happens B. finishes C.exists D.matters
22.A.easy B. possible C. special D. interesting
23.A. fought B. dreamed C. argued D. practised
24.A. give up B. run away C.work hard D. turn back
25.A. clever B. healthy C. old D. strange

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