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Unit 3 Sports and fitness閱讀理解精練
目錄
基礎篇
Passage 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
Passage 2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
Passage 3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 7
Passage 4 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 10
拔高篇
Passage 1 --------------------------------------------------------------------13
Passage 2 --------------------------------------------------------------------16
Passage 3 --------------------------------------------------------------------19
Passage 4 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 22
Passage 5 --------------------------------------------------------------------25
基礎篇
Passage 1
難度
School sports days are a long-standing tradition in many countries. They are a time when students can compete in various sports, show their skills, and build team spirit.
At Greenfield High School, the annual sports day takes place in October. Students can choose from events like sprinting, long jump, high jump, and relay races. There are also team games such as tug-of-war and basketball matches. Teachers and parents come to watch and cheer for the students.
One of the most popular events is the 100-meter sprint. This year, Lily, a Grade 10 student, won the girls' race. "I've been practicing every morning before school," she said. "It feels great to win, but it's even more fun to compete with my friends."
Sports day is not just about winning. Many students enjoy taking part even if they don't win. "I joined the long jump even though I'm not very good at it," said Tom, a Grade 9 student. "It was exciting to try something new and get support from my classmates."
Teachers say sports day helps students develop important values. "It teaches them about teamwork, perseverance, and respecting others," said Mr. Brown, the PE teacher. "These are skills that will help them in life, not just in sports."
1.When does the sports day at Greenfield High School happen
A. In September.
B. In October.
C. In November.
D. In December.
2.Which event is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. Sprinting.
B. Swimming.
C. Long jump.
D. Relay races.
3.What did Lily do to prepare for the 100-meter sprint
A. She practiced every morning.
B. She joined a special training camp.
C. She asked her parents for help.
D. She studied different running techniques.
4.What do teachers think is the value of sports day
A. It helps students get better grades.
B. It teaches students important life skills.
C. It makes students more competitive.
D. It encourages students to join sports clubs.
答案解析
答案：B
解析：原文明確提到 “At Greenfield High School, the annual sports day takes place in October”，直接說明運動會在 10 月舉行，故答案為 B。其他選項（9 月、11 月、12 月）均未在文中提及。
答案：B
解析：文中提到的運動項目包括 “sprinting, long jump, high jump, relay races, tug-of-war, basketball matches”，唯獨沒有提到 “swimming”，因此答案為 B。
答案：A
解析：Lily 明確表示 “I've been practicing every morning before school”，說明她通過每天早上練習準備 100 米短跑。B（參加特訓營）、C（向父母求助）、D（研究跑步技巧）均未在文中提及。
答案：B
解析：體育老師 Mr. Brown 指出 “It teaches them about teamwork, perseverance, and respecting others. These are skills that will help them in life”，說明運動會的價值在于教授重要的生活技能。A（提高成績）、C（增強競爭性）、D（鼓勵加入體育俱樂部）均不符合原文。
重點詞匯總結
long-standing tradition（長期存在的傳統）
annual（年度的）
sprinting（短跑）
relay races（接力賽）
tug-of-war（拔河）
perseverance（毅力）
重點句式總結
1.“It is a time when...”（這是…… 的時刻）
例：They are a time when students can compete in various sports.
2.“Not just... but...”（不僅…… 而且……）
例：Sports day is not just about winning. Many students enjoy taking part even if they don't win.
Passage 2
難度
Yoga is an ancient practice that originated in India. It combines physical postures, breathing exercises, and meditation. Today, it is popular all over the world as a way to stay healthy and reduce stress.
There are many different types of yoga. Hatha yoga is good for beginners because it focuses on basic postures and slow movements. Vinyasa yoga is more active, with sequences of movements that flow together. Bikram yoga is practiced in a heated room to help loosen muscles.
Practicing yoga has many benefits. It improves flexibility and strength. Many people find that it helps with anxiety and helps them sleep better. "I started doing yoga last year to deal with stress from school," said Mia, a high school student. "Now I do it every evening, and it helps me relax before bed."
You don't need any special equipment to start doing yoga. A yoga mat is helpful, but you can even practice on a soft carpet. It's important to wear comfortable clothes and take it slowly. "Listen to your body and don't push yourself too hard," advised Ms. Lee, a yoga instructor. "Yoga is about progress, not perfection."
5.Where did yoga originate
A. China.
B. India.
C. Japan.
D. Thailand.
6.Which type of yoga is good for beginners
A. Hatha yoga.
B. Vinyasa yoga.
C. Bikram yoga.
D. Power yoga.
7.What benefit of yoga is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. Improving flexibility.
B. Reducing stress.
C. Helping with sleep.
D. Increasing weight.
8.What does Ms. Lee advise beginners to do
A. Buy expensive equipment.
B. Push themselves to try difficult postures.
C. Practice on a hard floor.
D. Take it slowly and listen to their bodies.
答案解析
5.答案：B
解析：原文首句 “Yoga is an ancient practice that originated in India” 明確說明瑜伽起源于印度，故答案為 B。其他選項（中國、日本、泰國）均不符合原文。
6.答案：A
解析：文中提到 “Hatha yoga is good for beginners because it focuses on basic postures and slow movements”，可知哈他瑜伽適合初學者。B（流瑜伽）更活躍，C（高溫瑜伽）在熱室進行，均不適合初學者；D（力量瑜伽）未提及。
7.答案：D
解析：瑜伽的益處包括 “improves flexibility and strength”“helps with anxiety”“helps them sleep better”，A、B、C 均有提及；D（增重）未提到，且與瑜伽的健康功效不符。
8.答案：D
解析：瑜伽教練 Ms. Lee 建議 “Listen to your body and don't push yourself too hard”，即慢慢來并關注身體感受。A（買昂貴裝備）、B（強迫自己嘗試高難度動作）、C（在硬地板上練習）均與原文建議相反。
重點詞匯總結
originate（起源）
physical postures（身體姿勢）
meditation（冥想）
flexibility（柔韌性）
beginner（初學者）
sequence（連貫動作）
重點句式總結
1.“It combines... and...”（它結合了…… 和……）
例：It combines physical postures, breathing exercises, and meditation.
2.“... is practiced in...”（…… 在…… 中進行）
例：Bikram yoga is practiced in a heated room.
Passage 3
難度
Regular exercise is important for maintaining good health, but many teenagers find it hard to make time for it. With schoolwork, part-time jobs, and other activities, it's easy to put exercise aside. However, even short periods of daily exercise can make a big difference.
The World Health Organization recommends that teenagers get at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity every day. This can include activities like walking, cycling, playing sports, or dancing. Breaking it into shorter sessions is also effective—for example, 20 minutes of basketball after school, 20 minutes of cycling, and 20 minutes of dancing.
Exercise has many benefits for teenagers. It helps build strong bones and muscles, reduces the risk of illness, and improves mood. A study by the University of California found that students who exercise regularly have better concentration and get higher grades. "When I exercise, I feel more energetic and focused in class," said Jason, a 16-year-old student.
Finding an activity you enjoy is key to making exercise a habit. If you don't like running, try swimming or playing tennis. If you prefer group activities, join a sports team or a dance class. "I used to hate exercise, but then I joined a hip-hop dance club," said Sarah. "Now I look forward to it every week!"
9.How much exercise does the World Health Organization recommend for teenagers
A. 30 minutes a day.
B. 45 minutes a day.
C. 60 minutes a day.
D. 90 minutes a day.
10. What is an example of breaking exercise into shorter sessions
A. Running for 60 minutes once a week.
B. Doing 20 minutes of three different activities.
C. Playing basketball for 60 minutes every day.
D. Cycling for 30 minutes twice a week.
11. .What did the University of California study find
A. Exercise helps teenagers sleep better.
B. Exercising students have better concentration.
C. Exercise increases the risk of injury.
D. Teenagers who exercise are taller.
12. .What is the key to making exercise a habit
A. Choosing an activity you enjoy.
B. Exercising for 60 minutes every day.
C. Only doing exercise on weekends.
D. Competing with friends to win.
答案解析
9.答案：C
解析：世界衛生組織建議 “teenagers get at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity every day”，故答案為 C。A（30 分鐘）、B（45 分鐘）、D（90 分鐘）均不符合原文。
10.答案：B
解析：文中舉例 “20 minutes of basketball after school, 20 minutes of cycling, and 20 minutes of dancing”，即把鍛煉分成三個 20 分鐘的活動，與 B 選項一致。A（每周一次 60 分鐘跑步）、C（每天 60 分鐘籃球）、D（每周兩次 30 分鐘騎行）均不符合 “拆分短時段” 的定義。
11.答案：B
解析：加州大學的研究發現 “students who exercise regularly have better concentration and get higher grades”，即鍛煉的學生專注力更好。A（改善睡眠）、C（增加受傷風險）、D（更高）均未提及。
12.答案：A
解析：文中明確指出 “Finding an activity you enjoy is key to making exercise a habit”，故答案為 A。B（每天 60 分鐘）是建議時長，并非養成習慣的關鍵；C（只在周末鍛煉）、D（與朋友競爭獲勝）均不符合原文。
重點詞匯總結
moderate（適度的）
vigorous（劇烈的）
physical activity（體育活動）
session（時段）
concentration（專注力）
hip-hop（嘻哈）
重點句式總結
1.“Even... can make a big difference”（即使…… 也能產生很大影響）
例：Even short periods of daily exercise can make a big difference.
2.“It's easy to... However, ...”（很容易…… 然而，……）
例：It's easy to put exercise aside. However, even short periods... can make a big difference.
Passage 4
難度
Martial arts are more than just ways to fight—they are practices that teach discipline, respect, and self-control. There are many different styles, each with its own history and techniques.
Karate, which comes from Japan, focuses on strikes with the hands and feet. Students learn to punch and kick with strength and precision. Taekwondo, a Korean martial art, is known for its high kicks and fast movements. It is an Olympic sport and emphasizes speed and agility.
In China, kung fu includes a variety of styles, from the powerful moves of Shaolin kung fu to the graceful movements of tai chi. Kung fu is not just about physical strength; it also teaches mental focus and harmony between the body and mind.
Many teenagers take martial arts classes to learn self-defense, but they gain more than that. "Karate has taught me to stay calm in difficult situations," said Kevin, who has been practicing for three years. "I used to get angry easily, but now I know how to control my emotions."
Instructors stress that martial arts are about self-improvement, not violence. "We teach students to respect their opponents and never use their skills to hurt others," said Master Chen, a kung fu instructor. "The true spirit of martial arts is to protect, not attack."
13.What is karate known for
A. High kicks and speed.
B. Strikes with hands and feet.
C. Graceful movements.
D. Weapon training.
14.Which martial art is an Olympic sport
A. Karate.
B. Tai chi.
C. Taekwondo.
D. Shaolin kung fu.
15.What else do teenagers learn from martial arts besides self-defense
A. How to win fights.
B. Discipline and self-control.
C. How to become famous.
D. Traditional dances.
16.What is the true spirit of martial arts according to Master Chen
A. To attack when threatened.
B. To become stronger than others.
C. To protect, not attack.
D. To win competitions.
答案解析
答案：B
解析：文中提到 “Karate, which comes from Japan, focuses on strikes with the hands and feet.”，說明空手道以手腳擊打為特色，所以選 B。
重點詞匯：strike（擊打）；focus on（專注于）
答案：C
解析：根據 “Taekwondo, a Korean martial art, is known for its high kicks and fast movements. It is an Olympic sport...” 可知，跆拳道是奧運會項目，所以選 C。
重點詞匯：Olympic sport（奧運會項目）；emphasize（強調）；agility（敏捷）
答案：B
解析：文中說 “Many teenagers take martial arts classes to learn self-defense, but they gain more than that. 'Karate has taught me to stay calm in difficult situations... control my emotions.'”，可知青少年從武術中除了自衛還能學到紀律和自控，所以選 B。
重點詞匯：self-defense（自衛）；discipline（紀律）；self-control（自控）
答案：C
解析：根據陳師傅的話 “The true spirit of martial arts is to protect, not attack.” 可知，武術的真正精神是保護而非攻擊，所以選 C。
重點詞匯：spirit（精神）；protect（保護）；attack（攻擊）
重點詞匯及句式總結：
martial arts（武術）；
technique（技巧）；
precision（精準）；
graceful（優雅的）；
opponent（對手）
“... are more than just...—they are practices that teach...”（…… 不僅僅是……— 它們是教會…… 的實踐）：
Martial arts are more than just ways to fight—they are practices that teach discipline, respect, and self-control.
“... stress that... are about..., not...”（…… 強調…… 是關于……，而不是……）：Instructors stress that martial arts are about self-improvement, not violence.
拔高篇
Passage 1
難度
The Olympics are the world's biggest sports event, bringing together athletes from over 200 countries. The modern Olympics started in 1896 in Athens, Greece, and have a long history of promoting peace and unity through sports.
There are two main types of Olympics: the Summer Olympics and the Winter Olympics, held every four years, alternating every two years. The Summer Olympics include sports like swimming, athletics, and gymnastics, while the Winter Olympics feature ice hockey, skiing, and figure skating.
Athletes who compete in the Olympics spend years training. They must qualify for their national teams by performing well in international competitions. For many, just being in the Olympics is a dream come true, even if they don't win a medal. "Representing my country is the greatest honor," said Maria, a gymnast from Brazil.
The Olympics are not without challenges. Hosting the games costs a lot of money, and some countries struggle to afford the facilities. There have also been issues with doping, where athletes use banned drugs to improve their performance. The International Olympic Committee works hard to prevent this and keep the games fair.
Despite these challenges, the Olympics remain a symbol of hope. They show that people from different countries can come together to compete in friendship. As the Olympic motto says: "Faster, Higher, Stronger—Together."
1.When and where did the modern Olympics start
A. 1896 in Rome, Italy.
B. 1896 in Athens, Greece.
C. 1900 in Paris, France.
D. 1904 in St. Louis, USA.
2.What is the difference between the Summer and Winter Olympics
A. The Summer Olympics are bigger.
B. The Winter Olympics are held every two years.
C. They feature different sports.
D. Only the Summer Olympics have gymnastics.
3.What do athletes need to do to compete in the Olympics
A. Win a national championship.
B. Qualify through international competitions.
C. Be the youngest in their sport.
D. Pay a large fee to join.
4.What is a challenge the Olympics face
A. Too many athletes wanting to compete.
B. High costs and doping issues.
C. Not enough countries participating.
D. Lack of media coverage.
答案解析
1.答案：B
解析：文章開頭指出 “The modern Olympics started in 1896 in Athens, Greece...”，所以現代奧運會 1896 年在希臘雅典開始，選 B。
重點詞匯：modern Olympics（現代奧運會）；promote（促進）；unity（團結）
2.答案：C
解析：根據 “The Summer Olympics include sports like swimming, athletics, and gymnastics, while the Winter Olympics feature ice hockey, skiing, and figure skating.” 可知，夏季和冬季奧運會的區別是項目不同，所以選 C。
重點詞匯：feature（以…… 為特色）；athletics（田徑）；gymnastics（體操）；ice hockey（冰球）
3.答案：B
解析：文中說 “Athletes who compete in the Olympics spend years training. They must qualify for their national teams by performing well in international competitions.”，即運動員需要通過國際比賽獲得資格才能參加奧運會，所以選 B。
重點詞匯：qualify（獲得資格）；national team（國家隊）
4.答案：B
解析：根據 “The Olympics are not without challenges. Hosting the games costs a lot of money... There have also been issues with doping...” 可知，奧運會面臨的挑戰是高成本和興奮劑問題，所以選 B。
重點詞匯：challenge（挑戰）；doping（興奮劑）；facility（設施）
重點詞匯及句式總結：
alternate（交替）；
medal（獎牌）；
represent（代表）；
honor（榮譽）；
fair（公平的）
“... are the world's biggest... bringing together... from over... countries.”（…… 是世界上最大的…… 匯集了來自超過…… 國家的……）：
The Olympics are the world's biggest sports event, bringing together athletes from over 200 countries.
“For many, just... is a dream come true, even if they don't...”（對許多人來說，即使他們不……，僅僅…… 就是夢想成真）：
For many, just being in the Olympics is a dream come true, even if they don't win a medal.
Passage 2
難度
Para sports, or Paralympic sports, are sports for athletes with physical disabilities. They show that disability does not stop people from achieving amazing things in sports.
The Paralympic Games are held right after the Olympic Games, using the same facilities. Athletes compete in many of the same sports as the Olympics, such as swimming, track and field, and basketball. There are also unique sports like wheelchair rugby and goalball, which are designed specifically for disabled athletes.
One inspiring Paralympic athlete is Sarah Storey from Great Britain. She was born without a left hand but has won medals in both cycling and swimming. "My disability has never held me back," she said. "It's just part of who I am. What matters is how hard I work and how much I want to succeed."
Para sports have come a long way. In the early days, they were seen as therapy for disabled soldiers. Now, they are taken just as seriously as able-bodied sports. More people are watching the Paralympics, and athletes are becoming role models for people around the world.
These athletes teach us an important lesson: limits are often in our minds. With determination and hard work, anyone can achieve their dreams.
5.What are para sports
A. Sports for children.
B. Sports for athletes with physical disabilities.
C. Sports played only in winter.
D. Sports that are not part of the Olympics.
6.When are the Paralympic Games held
A. Before the Olympic Games.
B. At the same time as the Olympics.
C. Right after the Olympic Games.
D. Every two years instead of four.
7.What makes Sarah Storey inspiring
A. She has won medals in two different sports.
B. She was born with no hands.
C. She coaches other disabled athletes.
D. She invented wheelchair rugby.
8.How have para sports changed over time
A. They are now only for soldiers.
B. They are taken as seriously as able-bodied sports.
C. They are no longer part of the Olympic movement.
D. They are played in separate facilities.
答案解析
答案：B
解析：文章開頭指出 “Para sports, or Paralympic sports, are sports for athletes with physical disabilities.”，所以殘疾人體育是為身體殘疾的運動員設立的運動，選 B。
重點詞匯：physical disability（身體殘疾）；achieve（實現）
答案：C
解析：根據 “The Paralympic Games are held right after the Olympic Games, using the same facilities.” 可知，殘奧會在奧運會之后舉行，所以選 C。
重點詞匯：facility（設施）；take place（舉行）
答案：A
解析：文中提到 “One inspiring Paralympic athlete is Sarah Storey from Great Britain. She was born without a left hand but has won medals in both cycling and swimming.”，可知薩拉 斯托里令人鼓舞是因為她在兩項不同的運動中獲得獎牌，所以選 A。
重點詞匯：inspiring（鼓舞人心的）；medal（獎牌）
答案：B
解析：根據 “Para sports have come a long way. In the early days, they were seen as therapy for disabled soldiers. Now, they are taken just as seriously as able-bodied sports.” 可知，殘疾人體育的變化是和健全人體育一樣被重視，所以選 B。
重點詞匯：therapy（治療）；able-bodied（健全的）
重點詞匯及句式總結：
Paralympic Games（殘奧會）；
wheelchair rugby（輪椅橄欖球）；
goalball（盲人門球）；
determination（決心）；
role model（榜樣）
“... show that... does not stop people from achieving... in...”（…… 表明…… 不能阻止人們在…… 中實現……）：
They show that disability does not stop people from achieving amazing things in sports.
“... have come a long way. In the early days, they were seen as... Now, they are...”（…… 取得了很大進步。早期，它們被視為…… 現在，它們是……）：
Para sports have come a long way. In the early days, they were seen as therapy... Now, they are taken just as seriously as able-bodied sports.
Passage 3
難度
Exercise is not just good for the body—it also has a powerful effect on the mind. Studies show that regular physical activity can improve mental health and well-being.
When you exercise, your brain releases chemicals called endorphins. These chemicals reduce feelings of stress and pain, and create a sense of happiness. This is why people often feel "high" after a good workout. It's sometimes called the "runner's high."
Exercise also helps with anxiety and depression. A study by Harvard University found that 30 minutes of moderate exercise three times a week is as effective as some antidepressant drugs. It helps people sleep better, which is important for mental health, and increases self-esteem. "After I started playing soccer every week, I felt less worried about school exams," said Lisa, a 17-year-old student. "I have more confidence in myself."
Team sports are especially good for mental health because they provide social support. Being part of a team helps people feel connected and reduces loneliness. Even individual sports like swimming or running can be social if you join a club or exercise with friends.
Experts recommend combining exercise with other healthy habits, like eating well and getting enough sleep, for the best mental health benefits. "Exercise is not a cure-all, but it's a great tool for maintaining good mental health," said Dr. Patel, a psychologist.
9.What chemicals does the brain release during exercise
A. Insulin.
B. Endorphins.
C. Cholesterol.
D. Calcium.
10.Why do people feel "high" after exercise
A. Because they are tired.
B. Because endorphins create happiness.
C. Because they have more energy.
D. Because they drank too much water.
11.What did the Harvard study find
A. Exercise is better than all drugs for depression.
B. 30 minutes of exercise three times a week helps with depression.
C. Exercise makes anxiety worse.
D. Only intense exercise helps mental health.
12.Why are team sports good for mental health
A. They are easier than individual sports.
B. They provide social support and reduce loneliness.
C. They always result in winning.
D. They require less effort than individual sports.
答案解析
答案：B
解析：文中明確提到 “When you exercise, your brain releases chemicals called endorphins.”，即運動時大腦會釋放內啡肽，所以選 B。
重點詞匯：chemicals（化學物質）；release（釋放）
答案：B
解析：根據 “These chemicals reduce feelings of stress and pain, and create a sense of happiness. This is why people often feel 'high' after a good workout.” 可知，人們運動后感到 “興奮” 是因為內啡肽帶來幸福感，所以選 B。
重點詞匯：sense of happiness（幸福感）；workout（鍛煉）
答案：B
解析：文中說 “A study by Harvard University found that 30 minutes of moderate exercise three times a week is as effective as some antidepressant drugs.”，即哈佛研究發現每周三次 30 分鐘的鍛煉有助于緩解抑郁，所以選 B。
重點詞匯：moderate exercise（適度鍛煉）；antidepressant（抗抑郁的）
答案：B
解析：根據 “Team sports are especially good for mental health because they provide social support. Being part of a team helps people feel connected and reduces loneliness.” 可知，團隊運動對心理健康有益是因為能提供社交支持并減少孤獨感，所以選 B。
重點詞匯：social support（社交支持）；loneliness（孤獨）
重點詞匯及句式總結：
mental health（心理健康）；
well-being（幸福）；
anxiety（焦慮）；
self-esteem（自尊）；
psychologist（心理學家）
“Studies show that... can improve... and...”（研究表明…… 能改善…… 和……）：Studies show that regular physical activity can improve mental health and well-being.
“... are especially good for... because they provide...”（…… 對…… 特別有益，因為它們提供……）：
Team sports are especially good for mental health because they provide social support.
Passage 4
難度
E-sports, or electronic sports, are competitive video gaming. They have grown from a hobby into a global phenomenon, with professional players, big tournaments, and millions of fans.
Professional e-sports players compete in games like League of Legends, Dota 2, and Fortnite. They practice for hours every day, working on their skills and teamwork. Tournaments can have prize money of over $10 million, and the biggest events are watched by millions of people online and in stadiums.
Some people argue that e-sports are not real sports because they don't require physical activity. However, professional players say they need strong hand-eye coordination, quick reflexes, and mental stamina. "Playing e-sports professionally is as demanding as any physical sport," said Zhang Yiming, a 22-year-old e-sports player. "We train 12 hours a day, and the pressure to win is intense."
E-sports are also becoming recognized by educational institutions. Some universities in the US and China now offer scholarships for e-sports players. They have teams that compete against other schools, just like football or basketball teams.
Despite their popularity, e-sports face criticism. Some parents worry that excessive gaming is bad for children's health and schoolwork. Experts advise balancing gaming with physical exercise and other activities.
13.What are e-sports
A. Sports played on computers.
B. Competitive video gaming.
C. Games for children.
D. Physical sports with electronic equipment.
14.What skills do e-sports players need
A. Strong muscles and endurance.
B. Hand-eye coordination and quick reflexes.
C. Singing and dancing abilities.
D. Knowledge of computer programming.
15.Why do some people not consider e-sports real sports
A. They are not popular enough.
B. They don't require physical activity.
C. They are too easy to play.
D. They are only played by young people.
16.What is a concern about e-sports
A. Not enough people watch them.
B. They are too expensive to play.
C. Excessive gaming can harm children's health.
D. There are no tournaments for professional players.
答案解析
答案：B
解析：文章開頭指出 “E-sports, or electronic sports, are competitive video gaming.”，即電子競技是競爭性的視頻游戲，所以選 B。
重點詞匯：competitive（競爭性的）；video gaming（視頻游戲）
答案：B
解析：根據 “However, professional players say they need strong hand-eye coordination, quick reflexes, and mental stamina.” 可知，電子競技選手需要手眼協調和快速反應能力，所以選 B。
重點詞匯：hand-eye coordination（手眼協調）；reflexes（反應能力）；stamina（耐力）
答案：B
解析：文中說 “Some people argue that e-sports are not real sports because they don't require physical activity.”，即有人認為電子競技不是真正的運動是因為不需要體力活動，所以選 B。
重點詞匯：physical activity（體力活動）
答案：C
解析：根據 “Some parents worry that excessive gaming is bad for children's health and schoolwork.” 可知，電子競技存在的問題是過度游戲可能危害兒童健康，所以選 C。
重點詞匯：excessive（過度的）；harm（危害）
重點詞匯及句式總結：
phenomenon（現象）；
professional（職業的）；
tournament（錦標賽）；
scholarship（獎學金）；
criticism（批評）
“They have grown from... into... with... and...”（它們從…… 發展成……，有…… 和……）：
They have grown from a hobby into a global phenomenon, with professional players, big tournaments, and millions of fans.
“Some people argue that... because... However, ... say they need...”（一些人認為…… 因為…… 然而，…… 說他們需要……）：
Some people argue that e-sports are not real sports because they don't require physical activity. However, professional players say they need strong hand-eye coordination...
Passage 5
難度
The body positivity movement has gained popularity in recent years, encouraging people to accept and love their bodies, regardless of shape or size. However, a new idea called body neutrality is emerging as an alternative.
Body neutrality focuses on respecting and caring for your body, rather than loving every part of it. It acknowledges that your worth is not based on your appearance. "Body positivity can feel pressure to 'love' your body all the time, which is not always possible," said Emma, a health blogger. "Body neutrality is more realistic—it's about saying, 'My body is here for me, and I'll take care of it.'"
Practicing body neutrality means focusing on what your body can do, not how it looks. For example, instead of thinking, "I hate my legs," you might think, "My legs help me walk, run, and dance." It's about gratitude for your body's abilities, not its appearance.
Experts say body neutrality can reduce anxiety about looks. In a world that often judges people based on their appearance, it's a way to free yourself from those pressures. "It's not about ignoring your body," said Dr. Kim, a therapist. "It's about valuing it for its functions, not its beauty."
Many teenagers find body neutrality helpful. "I used to feel bad about my height," said Jake, 16. "Now I think about how my body lets me play basketball and climb mountains. That makes me feel good."
17.What is body neutrality
A. Loving every part of your body.
B. Focusing on your body's appearance.
C. Respecting your body for its abilities.
D. Trying to change your body's shape.
18.Why does Emma prefer body neutrality to body positivity
A. It is more popular.
B. It feels less pressured.
C. It focuses only on beauty.
D. It is harder to practice.
19.What is an example of practicing body neutrality
A. Complaining about your weight.
B. Focusing on how your legs help you move.
C. Comparing your body to others'.
D. Trying to lose weight to look better.
20.How can body neutrality help teenagers
A. It reduces anxiety about their appearance.
B. It makes them want to exercise more.
C. It helps them lose weight quickly.
D. It makes them popular at school.
答案解析
答案：C
解析：文中提到 “Body neutrality focuses on respecting and caring for your body, rather than loving every part of it... It's about gratitude for your body's abilities, not its appearance.”，即身體中立是尊重身體的能力，所以選 C。
重點詞匯：gratitude（感激）；abilities（能力）
答案：B
解析：根據 “'Body positivity can feel pressure to 'love' your body all the time, which is not always possible,' said Emma... 'Body neutrality is more realistic...'” 可知，艾瑪更喜歡身體中立是因為壓力更小，所以選 B。
重點詞匯：pressure（壓力）；realistic（現實的）
答案：B
解析：文中說 “Practicing body neutrality means focusing on what your body can do... instead of thinking, 'I hate my legs,' you might think, 'My legs help me walk, run, and dance.'”，即關注腿部的運動功能是身體中立的例子，所以選 B。
重點詞匯：focus on（關注）；function（功能）
答案：A
解析：根據 “Experts say body neutrality can reduce anxiety about looks... Many teenagers find body neutrality helpful.” 可知，身體中立能幫助青少年減少對外貌的焦慮，所以選 A。
重點詞匯：reduce anxiety（減少焦慮）；appearance（外貌）
重點詞匯及句式總結：
body positivity（身體積極）；
alternative（替代方案）；
self-worth（自我價值）；
gratitude（感激）；
therapist（治療師）
“... has gained popularity in recent years, encouraging people to... regardless of...”（…… 近年來越來越受歡迎，鼓勵人們…… 不管……）：
The body positivity movement has gained popularity in recent years, encouraging people to accept and love their bodies, regardless of shape or size.
“It's about... not about...”（它是關于…… 而不是關于……）：
It's about gratitude for your body's abilities, not its appearance./ 讓教學更有效 高效備考 | 英語學科
Unit 3 Sports and fitness閱讀理解精練
目錄
基礎篇
Passage 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
Passage 2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 2
Passage 3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 3
Passage 4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 5
拔高篇
Passage 1 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 6
Passage 2 ----------------------------------------------------------------------7
Passage 3 ----------------------------------------------------------------------8
Passage 4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------10
Passage 5 ---------------------------------------------------------------------11
基礎篇
Passage 1
難度
School sports days are a long-standing tradition in many countries. They are a time when students can compete in various sports, show their skills, and build team spirit.
At Greenfield High School, the annual sports day takes place in October. Students can choose from events like sprinting, long jump, high jump, and relay races. There are also team games such as tug-of-war and basketball matches. Teachers and parents come to watch and cheer for the students.
One of the most popular events is the 100-meter sprint. This year, Lily, a Grade 10 student, won the girls' race. "I've been practicing every morning before school," she said. "It feels great to win, but it's even more fun to compete with my friends."
Sports day is not just about winning. Many students enjoy taking part even if they don't win. "I joined the long jump even though I'm not very good at it," said Tom, a Grade 9 student. "It was exciting to try something new and get support from my classmates."
Teachers say sports day helps students develop important values. "It teaches them about teamwork, perseverance, and respecting others," said Mr. Brown, the PE teacher. "These are skills that will help them in life, not just in sports."
When does the sports day at Greenfield High School happen
A. In September.
B. In October.
C. In November.
D. In December.
Which event is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. Sprinting.
B. Swimming.
C. Long jump.
D. Relay races.
What did Lily do to prepare for the 100-meter sprint
A. She practiced every morning.
B. She joined a special training camp.
C. She asked her parents for help.
D. She studied different running techniques.
What do teachers think is the value of sports day
A. It helps students get better grades.
B. It teaches students important life skills.
C. It makes students more competitive.
D. It encourages students to join sports clubs.
Passage 2
難度
Yoga is an ancient practice that originated in India. It combines physical postures, breathing exercises, and meditation. Today, it is popular all over the world as a way to stay healthy and reduce stress.
There are many different types of yoga. Hatha yoga is good for beginners because it focuses on basic postures and slow movements. Vinyasa yoga is more active, with sequences of movements that flow together. Bikram yoga is practiced in a heated room to help loosen muscles.
Practicing yoga has many benefits. It improves flexibility and strength. Many people find that it helps with anxiety and helps them sleep better. "I started doing yoga last year to deal with stress from school," said Mia, a high school student. "Now I do it every evening, and it helps me relax before bed."
You don't need any special equipment to start doing yoga. A yoga mat is helpful, but you can even practice on a soft carpet. It's important to wear comfortable clothes and take it slowly. "Listen to your body and don't push yourself too hard," advised Ms. Lee, a yoga instructor. "Yoga is about progress, not perfection."
Where did yoga originate
A. China.
B. India.
C. Japan.
D. Thailand.
Which type of yoga is good for beginners
A. Hatha yoga.
B. Vinyasa yoga.
C. Bikram yoga.
D. Power yoga.
What benefit of yoga is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. Improving flexibility.
B. Reducing stress.
C. Helping with sleep.
D. Increasing weight.
What does Ms. Lee advise beginners to do
A. Buy expensive equipment.
B. Push themselves to try difficult postures.
C. Practice on a hard floor.
D. Take it slowly and listen to their bodies.
Passage 3
難度
Regular exercise is important for maintaining good health, but many teenagers find it hard to make time for it. With schoolwork, part-time jobs, and other activities, it's easy to put exercise aside. However, even short periods of daily exercise can make a big difference.
The World Health Organization recommends that teenagers get at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity every day. This can include activities like walking, cycling, playing sports, or dancing. Breaking it into shorter sessions is also effective—for example, 20 minutes of basketball after school, 20 minutes of cycling, and 20 minutes of dancing.
Exercise has many benefits for teenagers. It helps build strong bones and muscles, reduces the risk of illness, and improves mood. A study by the University of California found that students who exercise regularly have better concentration and get higher grades. "When I exercise, I feel more energetic and focused in class," said Jason, a 16-year-old student.
Finding an activity you enjoy is key to making exercise a habit. If you don't like running, try swimming or playing tennis. If you prefer group activities, join a sports team or a dance class. "I used to hate exercise, but then I joined a hip-hop dance club," said Sarah. "Now I look forward to it every week!"
How much exercise does the World Health Organization recommend for teenagers
A. 30 minutes a day.
B. 45 minutes a day.
C. 60 minutes a day.
D. 90 minutes a day.
What is an example of breaking exercise into shorter sessions
A. Running for 60 minutes once a week.
B. Doing 20 minutes of three different activities.
C. Playing basketball for 60 minutes every day.
D. Cycling for 30 minutes twice a week.
What did the University of California study find
A. Exercise helps teenagers sleep better.
B. Exercising students have better concentration.
C. Exercise increases the risk of injury.
D. Teenagers who exercise are taller.
What is the key to making exercise a habit
A. Choosing an activity you enjoy.
B. Exercising for 60 minutes every day.
C. Only doing exercise on weekends.
D. Competing with friends to win.
Passage 4
難度
Martial arts are more than just ways to fight—they are practices that teach discipline, respect, and self-control. There are many different styles, each with its own history and techniques.
Karate, which comes from Japan, focuses on strikes with the hands and feet. Students learn to punch and kick with strength and precision. Taekwondo, a Korean martial art, is known for its high kicks and fast movements. It is an Olympic sport and emphasizes speed and agility.
In China, kung fu includes a variety of styles, from the powerful moves of Shaolin kung fu to the graceful movements of tai chi. Kung fu is not just about physical strength; it also teaches mental focus and harmony between the body and mind.
Many teenagers take martial arts classes to learn self-defense, but they gain more than that. "Karate has taught me to stay calm in difficult situations," said Kevin, who has been practicing for three years. "I used to get angry easily, but now I know how to control my emotions."
Instructors stress that martial arts are about self-improvement, not violence. "We teach students to respect their opponents and never use their skills to hurt others," said Master Chen, a kung fu instructor. "The true spirit of martial arts is to protect, not attack."
What is karate known for
A. High kicks and speed.
B. Strikes with hands and feet.
C. Graceful movements.
D. Weapon training.
Which martial art is an Olympic sport
A. Karate.
B. Tai chi.
C. Taekwondo.
D. Shaolin kung fu.
What else do teenagers learn from martial arts besides self-defense
A. How to win fights.
B. Discipline and self-control.
C. How to become famous.
D. Traditional dances.
What is the true spirit of martial arts according to Master Chen
A. To attack when threatened.
B. To become stronger than others.
C. To protect, not attack.
D. To win competitions.
拔高篇
Passage 1
難度
The Olympics are the world's biggest sports event, bringing together athletes from over 200 countries. The modern Olympics started in 1896 in Athens, Greece, and have a long history of promoting peace and unity through sports.
There are two main types of Olympics: the Summer Olympics and the Winter Olympics, held every four years, alternating every two years. The Summer Olympics include sports like swimming, athletics, and gymnastics, while the Winter Olympics feature ice hockey, skiing, and figure skating.
Athletes who compete in the Olympics spend years training. They must qualify for their national teams by performing well in international competitions. For many, just being in the Olympics is a dream come true, even if they don't win a medal. "Representing my country is the greatest honor," said Maria, a gymnast from Brazil.
The Olympics are not without challenges. Hosting the games costs a lot of money, and some countries struggle to afford the facilities. There have also been issues with doping, where athletes use banned drugs to improve their performance. The International Olympic Committee works hard to prevent this and keep the games fair.
Despite these challenges, the Olympics remain a symbol of hope. They show that people from different countries can come together to compete in friendship. As the Olympic motto says: "Faster, Higher, Stronger—Together."
When and where did the modern Olympics start
A. 1896 in Rome, Italy.
B. 1896 in Athens, Greece.
C. 1900 in Paris, France.
D. 1904 in St. Louis, USA.
What is the difference between the Summer and Winter Olympics
A. The Summer Olympics are bigger.
B. The Winter Olympics are held every two years.
C. They feature different sports.
D. Only the Summer Olympics have gymnastics.
What do athletes need to do to compete in the Olympics
A. Win a national championship.
B. Qualify through international competitions.
C. Be the youngest in their sport.
D. Pay a large fee to join.
What is a challenge the Olympics face
A. Too many athletes wanting to compete.
B. High costs and doping issues.
C. Not enough countries participating.
D. Lack of media coverage.
Passage 2
難度
Para sports, or Paralympic sports, are sports for athletes with physical disabilities. They show that disability does not stop people from achieving amazing things in sports.
The Paralympic Games are held right after the Olympic Games, using the same facilities. Athletes compete in many of the same sports as the Olympics, such as swimming, track and field, and basketball. There are also unique sports like wheelchair rugby and goalball, which are designed specifically for disabled athletes.
One inspiring Paralympic athlete is Sarah Storey from Great Britain. She was born without a left hand but has won medals in both cycling and swimming. "My disability has never held me back," she said. "It's just part of who I am. What matters is how hard I work and how much I want to succeed."
Para sports have come a long way. In the early days, they were seen as therapy for disabled soldiers. Now, they are taken just as seriously as able-bodied sports. More people are watching the Paralympics, and athletes are becoming role models for people around the world.
These athletes teach us an important lesson: limits are often in our minds. With determination and hard work, anyone can achieve their dreams.
What are para sports
A. Sports for children.
B. Sports for athletes with physical disabilities.
C. Sports played only in winter.
D. Sports that are not part of the Olympics.
When are the Paralympic Games held
A. Before the Olympic Games.
B. At the same time as the Olympics.
C. Right after the Olympic Games.
D. Every two years instead of four.
What makes Sarah Storey inspiring
A. She has won medals in two different sports.
B. She was born with no hands.
C. She coaches other disabled athletes.
D. She invented wheelchair rugby.
How have para sports changed over time
A. They are now only for soldiers.
B. They are taken as seriously as able-bodied sports.
C. They are no longer part of the Olympic movement.
D. They are played in separate facilities.
Passage 3
難度
Exercise is not just good for the body—it also has a powerful effect on the mind. Studies show that regular physical activity can improve mental health and well-being.
When you exercise, your brain releases chemicals called endorphins. These chemicals reduce feelings of stress and pain, and create a sense of happiness. This is why people often feel "high" after a good workout. It's sometimes called the "runner's high."
Exercise also helps with anxiety and depression. A study by Harvard University found that 30 minutes of moderate exercise three times a week is as effective as some antidepressant drugs. It helps people sleep better, which is important for mental health, and increases self-esteem. "After I started playing soccer every week, I felt less worried about school exams," said Lisa, a 17-year-old student. "I have more confidence in myself."
Team sports are especially good for mental health because they provide social support. Being part of a team helps people feel connected and reduces loneliness. Even individual sports like swimming or running can be social if you join a club or exercise with friends.
Experts recommend combining exercise with other healthy habits, like eating well and getting enough sleep, for the best mental health benefits. "Exercise is not a cure-all, but it's a great tool for maintaining good mental health," said Dr. Patel, a psychologist.
What chemicals does the brain release during exercise
A. Insulin.
B. Endorphins.
C. Cholesterol.
D. Calcium.
Why do people feel "high" after exercise
A. Because they are tired.
B. Because endorphins create happiness.
C. Because they have more energy.
D. Because they drank too much water.
What did the Harvard study find
A. Exercise is better than all drugs for depression.
B. 30 minutes of exercise three times a week helps with depression.
C. Exercise makes anxiety worse.
D. Only intense exercise helps mental health.
Why are team sports good for mental health
A. They are easier than individual sports.
B. They provide social support and reduce loneliness.
C. They always result in winning.
D. They require less effort than individual sports.
Passage 4
難度
E-sports, or electronic sports, are competitive video gaming. They have grown from a hobby into a global phenomenon, with professional players, big tournaments, and millions of fans.
Professional e-sports players compete in games like League of Legends, Dota 2, and Fortnite. They practice for hours every day, working on their skills and teamwork. Tournaments can have prize money of over $10 million, and the biggest events are watched by millions of people online and in stadiums.
Some people argue that e-sports are not real sports because they don't require physical activity. However, professional players say they need strong hand-eye coordination, quick reflexes, and mental stamina. "Playing e-sports professionally is as demanding as any physical sport," said Zhang Yiming, a 22-year-old e-sports player. "We train 12 hours a day, and the pressure to win is intense."
E-sports are also becoming recognized by educational institutions. Some universities in the US and China now offer scholarships for e-sports players. They have teams that compete against other schools, just like football or basketball teams.
Despite their popularity, e-sports face criticism. Some parents worry that excessive gaming is bad for children's health and schoolwork. Experts advise balancing gaming with physical exercise and other activities.
What are e-sports
A. Sports played on computers.
B. Competitive video gaming.
C. Games for children.
D. Physical sports with electronic equipment.
What skills do e-sports players need
A. Strong muscles and endurance.
B. Hand-eye coordination and quick reflexes.
C. Singing and dancing abilities.
D. Knowledge of computer programming.
Why do some people not consider e-sports real sports
A. They are not popular enough.
B. They don't require physical activity.
C. They are too easy to play.
D. They are only played by young people.
What is a concern about e-sports
A. Not enough people watch them.
B. They are too expensive to play.
C. Excessive gaming can harm children's health.
D. There are no tournaments for professional players.
Passage 5
難度
The body positivity movement has gained popularity in recent years, encouraging people to accept and love their bodies, regardless of shape or size. However, a new idea called body neutrality is emerging as an alternative.
Body neutrality focuses on respecting and caring for your body, rather than loving every part of it. It acknowledges that your worth is not based on your appearance. "Body positivity can feel pressure to 'love' your body all the time, which is not always possible," said Emma, a health blogger. "Body neutrality is more realistic—it's about saying, 'My body is here for me, and I'll take care of it.'"
Practicing body neutrality means focusing on what your body can do, not how it looks. For example, instead of thinking, "I hate my legs," you might think, "My legs help me walk, run, and dance." It's about gratitude for your body's abilities, not its appearance.
Experts say body neutrality can reduce anxiety about looks. In a world that often judges people based on their appearance, it's a way to free yourself from those pressures. "It's not about ignoring your body," said Dr. Kim, a therapist. "It's about valuing it for its functions, not its beauty."
Many teenagers find body neutrality helpful. "I used to feel bad about my height," said Jake, 16. "Now I think about how my body lets me play basketball and climb mountains. That makes me feel good."
What is body neutrality
A. Loving every part of your body.
B. Focusing on your body's appearance.
C. Respecting your body for its abilities.
D. Trying to change your body's shape.
Why does Emma prefer body neutrality to body positivity
A. It is more popular.
B. It feels less pressured.
C. It focuses only on beauty.
D. It is harder to practice.
What is an example of practicing body neutrality
A. Complaining about your weight.
B. Focusing on how your legs help you move.
C. Comparing your body to others'.
D. Trying to lose weight to look better.
How can body neutrality help teenagers
A. It reduces anxiety about their appearance.
B. It makes them want to exercise more.
C. It helps them lose weight quickly.
D. It makes them popular at school.

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