資源簡介 中小學教育資源及組卷應用平臺Unit 8 Collecting as a hobby單元小結學習目標:本單元以“收藏物品”為話題,圍繞“學生的收藏愛好”這個主題展開。學會閱讀和談論別人和自己收藏習慣和愛好相關的短語和句式。能寫出自己和別人收藏的小短文。語法目標:學習人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法。聽說目標:能聽懂收藏的小短文,能按課文要求談論個人收藏。寫作目標:能按課文要求寫出個人收藏的小短文。目錄知識要點一、重點單詞,短語及句式要點1 重點短語 練習要點2 重點句式 練習要點3構詞法:im/in/un構成反義前綴 練習【精講精練】要點1 動名詞作表語和不定式作表語的用法 練習要點2 develop的用法 練習要點3 thousands of的用法 練習要點4 own的用法 練習要點5 handle的用法 練習要點6 add.的用法 練習要點7 absolutely的用法 練習要點8 seem的用法 練習要點9 explain的用法 練習要點10 produce 的用法 練習要點11 attract的用法 練習要點12 object的用法 練習要點13 unlock的用法 練習要點14 include 的用法 練習要點15 waste的用法 練習要點16 harm的用法 練習要點17 valuable的用法 練習要點18 remind的用法 練習要點19 result的用法 練習要點20 thanks to的用法 練習要點21 be used to doing sth.的用法 練習要點22 other,the other,others,the others,another的用法 練習知識要點二、語法要點1 人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法 21知識要點三、書面表達要點1 話題分析 22要點2 詞匯短語積累 22要點3句式積累 23要點4實戰演練 23【重點短語】key rings鑰匙圈2. model planes模型飛機3.develop a hobby培養愛好4. with great care非常小心5.a waste of time浪費時間6. add … to ...把....添加到.....7. more and more越來越多8. pocket money零花錢9. all over the world全世界10.be similar to 與….相似11.thanks to 由于,幸虧12.thousands of 成千上萬的13.seem impossible 似乎不可能14.build up a collection 建立一個收藏15.belong to 屬于16. think of 想起17.a collection of food plant 食用植物收藏18.on the left/right 在左邊/在右邊19.a muast-see object 一個必看的東西20.unlock a secret code揭示密碼【重點句式】1. I developed this hobby thanks to my grandpa.多虧了爺爺,我養成了這個愛好。2.He is a stamp collector, and he owns thousands of stamps.他是個集郵者,他擁有數千枚郵票3.Some of them are valuable, so he always handles them with great care.有些很貴重,他總是非常小心地觸碰它們。4.Every Sunday my grandpa adds new ones to his collection,每個星期天,我爺爺都會給他的收藏增加新的5.I am learning more and more about Chinese history and culture.我越來越了解中國的歷史和文化。6.He got really curious about it, so he asked me to tell him some other interesting bits of history about the buildings. 他真的很好奇,所以他讓我告訴他一些關于這些建筑的其他有趣的歷史。7.I collect postcards. They remind me of the beautiful places I've visited.我收集明信片。它們讓我想起我去過的美麗地方。8.My parents don't like my collection. They think it's a waste of time and money.我父母不喜歡我的收藏。他們認為這是浪費時間和金錢。9.When it flowers, it will produce a strong smell to attract insects.當它開花時,會產生強烈的氣味來吸引昆蟲10. My collection includes wrappers in different shapes, sizes and colors.我的收藏包括不同形狀、大小和顏色的包裝紙。11. There are three reasons why I collect chocolate wrappers.我收集巧克力包裝紙有三個原因。12.She has rocks of different colours,shapes and sizes. They are from lakes, rivers, forests and mountains.她有各種顏色、形狀和大小的石頭。它們來自湖泊、河流、森林和山脈。13.Some of my classmates think it's strange, but my parents support me. They love my plants because they make our home look really interesting.我的一些同學認為這很奇怪,但我的父母支持我。他們喜歡我的植物,因為它們讓我們的家看起來很有趣。14.This is my collection, I am a collector of coins. I like collecting coins because they have a long historical background and cultural value這是我的收藏,我是一個硬幣收藏者。我喜歡收集硬幣,因為它們有著悠久的歷史背景和文化價值。【構詞法】在形容詞前加前綴in或im,構成原詞的反義詞 如:possible可能的--impossible 不可能的patient有耐心的-- impatient沒有耐心的polite禮貌的--impolite沒禮貌的correct正確的--incorrect不正確的direct直接的--indirect間接的in、im和un前綴的區別 in、im和un都是英語中的否定前綴,它們的主要區別在于適用范圍和使用場景。 in前綴 適用范圍 :主要適用于形容詞、名詞和某些動詞。 含義 :表示否定意義,如“非、不、無”,或表示 “缺乏”。 示例 :incorrect 不正確的、 inactive 不活躍的 informal :非正式的 invisible 看不見的、 inability 無能、 inaccuracy不準確。im前綴 適用范圍 :主要適用于以m、b、p開頭的單詞。 含義 :表示否定意義,如“非、不、無”。 示例 :impossible不可能的、impolite不禮貌的、immoral不道德的。un前綴 適用范圍 :適用于名詞、形容詞、副詞和動詞。 含義 :表示否定意義,如“不、非、無、相反的”。 示例 :unhappy不快樂的、 unfair不公平的、unfinished未完成的、unemployment失業、 unrest動蕩不安、unexpectedly意外地。【精講精練】要點 1.動名詞作表語和不定式作表語。but my hobby is collecting stamps. 我的愛好是集郵。這里是動名詞做表語用。類似句子:The best way to learn a language is using it.His job is painting the walls.不定式也可做表語,如:My dream is to go to space.一般說來:動名詞做表語:抽象的一般行為,具有一般性和反復性。動詞不定式做表語:表示一次性的或將來或計劃的行為。His job is painting the walls.中的“painting the walls”表示他的工作是粉刷墻,這是一種經常性的行為。His job is to paint the walls.中的"to paint the walls"表示他的工作是粉刷這些墻,這是一種具體的行動。 【典例分析】1.他的夢想是想成為一名科學家His dream is____________________________.2.他的工作是清掃街道。His job is ______________________________.要點 2. develop 1. 發展、發育 :表示某物或某人的成長和發展。例如:The child is developing normally.這孩子發育正常The company has rapidly developed from a small startup into a thriving business.這家公司迅速發展壯大2.開發、研制 :表示開發新產品或新技術。例如:Scientists developed the vaccine from an existing medicine.科學家們從現有藥物中研制出了疫苗The company develops and markets new software.這家公司開發并銷售新軟件3. 養成習慣 :表示養成某種習慣或行為。例如:Try to develop good reading habits.要養成良好的閱讀習慣【同根詞】development:n. 發展,壯大;developed:adj. 發達的,高度發展的;developing:adj. 發展中的;developer:n.(房地產)開發商,研發者,研制者。Canada is a developed country. 加拿大是一個發達國家。China is a developing country. 中國是個發展中國家。【典例分析】1.The Great Britain is a ______________(develop) country.2.Education is central to a country's economic ______________ (develop).3.—Do you think Japan is a _______ country?—No, it isn't. China is a _______ country.A. developing; developing B. developed; developedC. developed; developing D. developing; developed要點 3.thousands of 好幾千;成千上萬thousands of,意為“好幾千,成千上萬”。thousand意為“一千”,用來表示不確定的數目時,thousand應變為復數,且在后面加of。拓展:與thousand用法類似的詞Hundred (百), thousand (千), million (百萬)等表示概數時,本身要用復數形式,后接“of+可數名詞復數”,即“hundreds/thousands/millions +of+名詞復數”,意為“數以百/千/百萬計的……”。若這些數量詞前有基數詞,則直接用hundred /thousand/million等,不用復數形式,也不加of。It cost me two hundred dollars.它花了我200美元The restaurant receives hundreds of customers every day.這家飯店每天接待數以百計的顧客【典例分析】1.每年人們會在山上種植成千上萬棵樹來保護環境。Every year trees are planted on the hills to protect the environment.2. It is reported that nearly _________ foreign kids joined a British boarding school last year,and a third of them came from China.A. nine thousand B. nine thousands C. nine thousand of D. nine thousands of3. birds have come back because the environment here becomes better and better.A. Thousands of B. Thousand of C. Thousands D. Thousands4. It is reported that there are over ______ koalas dying in the disastrous wild fire broke out recently in Australia.A. thousands of B. 8 thousands C. 8 thousands of D. 8 thousand要點 4. own形容詞用法 自己的 :表示某物屬于某人自己,例如:I have my own car.我有自己的車。She has her own apartment.她有自己的公寓。動詞用法 擁有 :表示某人擁有某物,可以用作及物動詞或不及物動詞,例如:He owns a small business.他擁有一家小型企業。They own several properties in the city.他們在城市里擁有幾處房產。 常見搭配on one's own :獨自地,例如:He finished the project on his own.他獨自完成了這個項目。 She left on her own.她自己離開了。of one's own :某人自己的,例如:She has a house of her own.她有自己的房子。She wants to have a place of her own.她想要擁有自己的地方。owner 物主,所有者The owner of the restaurant decided to expand its menu to attract more customers.【典例分析】1.他有一座自己的房子,這座房子是去年他獨自建的,所以他是該房子的主人。He has a house __________,and the house was built __________last year,so he is the_________ of the house.2.It's dangerous for you to go out for a walk in the forest _______at night.A. on business B.by the way C. on your own D. on the top3.It’s against the law for him to rush into ________ house without permission.A.my own private B .him own privateC. his own D. own his private4. — What did Mr. Smith have — He used to _____________ a big company and a large piece of land.A. count B. search C. own D. hide要點 5. handlehandle名詞:把手 , 柄 She turned the handle and opened the door . 她轉動把手,打開了門.動詞:處理 ,應付,買賣。 They were arrested for handling stolen goods .他們因處理贓物被捕.The headmaster handled the situation very well. 校長把這個情況處理的很好 handle situation : 處理局勢 handle problem : 處理問題 handle business : 處理業務 handle information :處理信息【典例分析】1.It is so wise_______you________ the problem in such a simple way.A. of; to handle B. for; to handle C. of; handling D. for; handling2.Customers are asked not to h_________ the goods in the shop.要點 6. add1.add表示“加;增加”,常與介詞to連用,即“add ... to ...”,意為“把...加到...中去;往...中加...”。例如:Don’t add fuel to the flames. 別再火上澆油了 If you add 4 to 6, you get 10. 4加6等于10 2.補充說明 :add還可以表示“補充(說道)”,即“又說;繼續說”。例如:She added that we must get back as soon as possible.構成短語(1)add… to… 意為“把……加到……”,例如: Don’t add fuel to the flames. 別再火上澆油了。(2)add to表示“增加;增添”,其中to是介詞,后接名詞或代詞。例如:Each girl present at the party was wearing a flower in the hair, which added to their beauty.參加晚會的姑娘人人頭上都戴有一朵花,使得她們顯得愈加漂亮。(3)add up 意為“把……加起來”。例如: Add up all the numbers and you will see how much you owe me. 把所有的數字加起來看看你欠我多少。(4)add up to 意為“總計;加起來結果是”。例如:All the numbers add up to exactly 900. 所有數加起來一共900.【典例分析】1.如果你認為這咖啡太濃,就加點兒熱水。________ some hot water ________ the coffee if you think it is much too strong.2. If more salt______ to the soup, it will taste betterA. is added B. will be added C. will add D. Adds3.Please ________ all the figures to see how much they ________.A. add; add up B. add up; add up to C. add up; add up D. add; add to4. He. _________ some sugar _________ the coffee.A. put;at B. added;to C. added;with D. added;/要點 7. absolutelyabsolutely 副詞,主要用來加強語氣,表示“完全地”或“絕對地”。表示肯定 : Absolutely right :完全正確。 Absolutely certain :表示確信無疑。 Absolutely necessary :表示絕對必要 表示否定 : Absolutely not :表示 “絕對不行”。 表示情感 : Absolutely fascinated :表示非常著迷。 Absolutely delicious :表示非常美味。【典例分析】1.It is difficult to cross the desert by car, but not a____________ impossible.2.Let me show you an ______ wonderful stamp of the Palace Museum. A. absolutely B. completely C. really D. sincerely要點 8.seem常作系動詞,意為“看來;似乎”,其常見結構如下:1.seem+形容詞/名詞,意為“似乎……”。例如:She seems quite happy today.今天她似乎很高興。She seems a clever girl.看來她是一個聰明的女孩。2.seem+to do sth.,意為“好像要做某事”。例如:Something seemed to be wrong with the train.火車好像出故障了。3.It seems/seemed + that從句,意為“看起來似乎……”。4.seem like...意為“似乎是……;看起來像……”。例如:It seems like an interesting film.它看起來像是一部有趣的電影。【典例分析】1.它看起來像是一部有趣的電影。It __________ ___________an interesting film.2.他似乎已經找到他的錢包了。_________ ________ ________he has found his wallet.3.she seems unhappy. (改為同義句)=She ________ ________ ________ unhappy.=_______ _______ ______she is unhappy4.It __________ that Joan had no chance to be a teacher at that moment.A. tasted B. looked C. seemed D. smelt5.—There are dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly.—It ______ that a typhoon is coming. A. feels B. sounds C. seems D. looks要點 9.1)explain v. 解釋;說明explain to sb. :向某人解釋。explain sth. to sb. :向某人解釋某事She explained the reason to me carefully.她認真地向我解釋了原因。Can you explain to us how to use the computer 你能向我們解釋一下怎樣使用這臺電腦嗎?(2)explain+that/how/why從句,意為“(向某人)解釋/說明……”。(3)explain (to sb.)+疑問詞+動詞不定式explain的名詞形式是explanation,其意思是“解釋、說明、闡述”The explanation is clear and easy to understand.這個解釋清晰易懂。The explanation of the policy is not satisfactory.對這項政策的解釋并不令人滿意。【典例分析】1.根據漢語意思完成句子①請您把第三段給我們解釋一下好嗎?Will you please ________ the third paragraph________ ________?②請跟我說明從哪里開始以及該如何做。Please ________ ________ ________ ________ to start and how to do it.用所給詞的適當形式填空Sally loves chocolate. That ________(explain) why it's hard for her to lose weight.2.The instructions on medicine are necessary for the sick. They______whether the medicine is out date.A. excuse B. experience C. expect D. explain3.It was difficult to ______ the problem clearly to beginners.A. explain B. describe C. understand D. solve要點 10.similar作形容詞,表示“相似的”、“類似的”。例如:The two cars are very similar in size and color.這兩輛汽車大小和顏色都非常相似. be similar to :表示“與……相似”。例如:Her ideas are quite similar to mine. 她的觀點和我的很相似 。 similar的名詞形式是“similarity”,意思是“相似性、類似性”There is some similarity in the way they sing. 他們的演唱風格有點像 The report highlights the similarities between the two groups. 這份報告強調兩組之間的相似性 .【典例分析】1.Your new bike is different________ mine, but quite similar________ Jack’s.A. to; to B. to; from C. from; to D. from; from2.—Can you tell the difference between these two pictures —The difference Oh, no. They look quite . A. similar B. different C. strange D. interesting3. Dona is ________ to her mother in many ways. For example, they are both tall and thin.A. different B. kind C. friendly D. similar要點 11. produce動詞用法 : 生產,制造 創作, 生育 :例如,The factory produces 1,000 cars a week.這家工廠每星期生產一千輛轎車 He produced a new play last year.他去年創作了一部新劇。 The cow produced a calf last night.母牛昨晚生了一只小牛名詞用法 : 產品 :例如,The produce section of the grocery store sells fruits and vegetables.雜貨店的農產品區出售水果和蔬菜 production :名詞,表示“生產,作品”,例如,The production of the play was a huge success.這部劇的演出非常成功。 productive :形容詞,表示“多產的,富有成效的”,例如,The farm is very productive this year.這個農場今年非常高產. producer :名詞,表示“制作人,生產者”,例如,He is a famous music producer.他是一位著名的音樂制作人.【典例分析】1. My father’s car is a home ___________ (produce).2. The ___________ (produce) should think more of the consumer.3.The factory p __________ a lot of furniture every year. (根據單詞首字母填寫合適單詞)4. The communication of the two groups __________ many good ideas.A. produced B. discovered C. invented D. expressed5. Tea leaves are ________ in the south of China. And people there enjoy drinking tea.A. invented B. produced C. heated D. washed要點 12.attract 表示“吸引”或“引起”。例如:The flower show attracted large crowds this year.今年的花展吸引了大批觀眾 。She gave a quiet cough to attract my attention.她輕輕地咳了一聲好引起我注意同根詞attractive :形容詞,表示“有吸引力的”。例如:The new car is very attractive. 這輛新車非常吸引人 。 attraction :名詞,表示“吸引力”或“吸引人的事物”。例如:The museum is a great attraction for tourists. 博物館是游客的一大景點 【典例分析】1.The story is very ____________ (attract).2.He visited many ____________ (attract)in Australia.3.她試圖引起服務員的注意。(根據中文意思完成句子)She________ _________ _________ the attention of the waiter.4. The famous place of interest a_______ millions of people to visit every year. (根據首字母寫單詞完成句子)5.So far, the AIIB(亞投行)has________about 100 countries to be its members.A. attacked B. attracted C. admired D. appeared6.What a great success the film Chinese Doctors has made!That’s true. So far it has_________tens of millions of people to go to the cinema.A. requested B. expected C. attracted D. encouraged要點 13. object作為名詞object1.物體、物品 。例如:The object on the table is a book.桌子上的那個物體是一本書。2.目標、目的 。例如:The main object of the game is to score points.游戲的主要目的是得分。3.賓語 :在語法術語中,object也可作賓語解。例如:The teacher gave the students an object lesson.老師給學生們上了一堂生動的課。【典例分析】1.There are different kinds of o______ on the table.2.In Britain, people avoid talking about age, weight or money. Instead, weather, holidays, music or books are their favourite________of conversation.A. objects B. subjects C. programs D. projects要點 14. unlock1.及物動詞 :開啟;開…的鎖;表露。例如:The lock on the door can be unlocked with a key.門鎖可以用鑰匙打開。 2.不及物動詞 :解開;解出鎖定;被開啟。例如:The door unlocked easily.門很容易就打開了。lock 名詞:鎖。動詞:鎖住 。He turned the key in the lock. 他轉動鑰匙開鎖。【典例分析】1.Scientists tried their best to ________(揭示the secrets of the universe.2.He turned the key to ______(lock)the door and went into the room.3.它就像一個打開密碼的寶藏.It's like a treasure that _____ ____ _____ ______.要點 15. includeincluding的用法including作介詞,意為“包括;包含”,后接名詞、代詞或動名詞。例如:The singer sang many songs, including some of my favourites.這個歌手唱了很多首歌,包括一些我最喜歡的歌。辨析include, including與includedinclude 作及物動詞,可在句中作謂語,意為“包括;包含;使……成為一部分”。通常不用于進行時。including 作介詞,位于它所修飾的詞之前,意為“包括”,和其后的名詞、代詞或動名詞構成介賓短語,意為“包括……在內”。including+名詞/代詞=名詞/代詞+included。included 作形容詞,常位于名詞或代詞后,意為“包括在內的”。 Your duties will include putting the children to bed.你的職責將包括讓孩子們上床睡覺。Thirty people, including six children/six children included, went to see the film.有30個人去看了這部電影,其中包括6個孩子。Everyone laughed, me included.每個人都笑了,包括我在內。【典例分析】1.我有很多工作要做,包括做飯和打掃房間。I have much work to do,__________ ____________ meals and cleaning the house.2.我的工作包括做飯、打掃房間等。My work __________ __________ meals, cleaning the house and so on.3. I have to make breakfast for five people,____me.A. include B. including C. included D. to include4. Congratulations! Most of you have passed the final exam, Tony ________.A. including B. include C. includes D. included要點16 waste(1)waste 作不可數名詞,意為“浪費,廢物,垃圾”。a waste of意為“浪費……”。例如:I hate waste. 我討厭浪費。It’s a waste of time. 這就是浪費時間。(2)waste 作形容詞,意為“無用的,浪費的,荒廢的”。例如:We shouldn’t throw waste paper about. 我們不應該亂扔廢紙。A factory is pouring waste water into the river. 一家工廠正在向河里傾倒廢水。(3)waste 作及物動詞,意為“浪費”。 waste time / money (in)doing / on sth. 表示“在做某事上浪費時間 / 金錢”。Don’t waste water! 不要浪費水。【典例分析】1. After dinner Mum asked me to throw the _______ in the bowls in the bag on the ground. A. fly B. waste C. sand D. scarf2.We all need a healthy environment, but we produce every day and it is harmful to our environment. A. dreams B. trouble C. problems D. waste3. 媽媽認為玩電腦游戲是浪費時間。Mum thinks it __________ __________ __________ __________ to play computer games.4. 這條河流被從工廠流出的廢物嚴重污染。The river was ___________ __________ __________ __________ from the factory5. —The latest style of Huawei mobile phones will be on sale. I want to buy one.—I think you shouldn’t ________ too much money on new mobile phones you don’t need.A. waste B. put C. share D. give要點 17.valuable詞性形容詞,意為:貴重的;很有用的;寶貴的,用作表語時,可與介詞to連用,常用短語be valuable to sb.“對某人來說很有價值”。This is a valuable painting. 這是一幅很珍貴的畫。The book is valuable to me. 這本書對我來說很有價值。valuable adj. 有價值的;貴重的,寶貴的用法 例句valuable形容詞意為“有價值的;貴重的,寶貴的 ” His wife put on valuable ring and necklace.value作為名詞時意為“價值”;作為動詞意為“重視;珍惜” His work has no value. I value the opinion of my husband and we agree on most things.【典例分析】1. You’d better go to the Science Museum because there is ________ on show.A. something valuable B. anything valuableC. important things D. nothing special3. Your advice is very to me. I’m sure our activity will be more meaningful. A. terrible B. comfortable C. impossible D. valuable4. Your advice is of great ________ to us all. We will take the ________ advice.A. valuable; value B. interest; interested C. value; valuable D. success; successful要點 18. remindremind1.表示 “使想起;使記起”,常見搭配:remind sb. of sb./ sth.“使某人想起某人/某物”;remind sb.+ that從句“使某人回憶起……”。例如:He reminds me of his father.The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.2.表示“提醒”,常見搭配remind sb.to do sth.“提醒某人做某事”;remind sb.+ that從句“提醒某人……”。Please remind me to post the letter.She reminded me that I haven’t write to Mother.【典例分析】1.--Don’t forget to come to our party this evening. --I won’t. Mary ______ me just now.A.remembered B. reminded C. reported D. reviewed2. —Please call me at six tomorrow. I can't be late for the important meeting.—No problem. I'll surely you. A. remind B. beat C. warn D. order3.I happened to find a book on the shelf. The book ________ me of some funny stories.A. gave B. provided C. reminded D. made4.他的父母經常提醒他努力學習。His parents often remind ________ ________ ______ hard.5.我提醒她必須在天黑之前回家。I remind her that ________ _______ _________ home before dark.6. 這些照片使我想起了我的學生時代。The pictures remind _________ _________my school days.要點 19. result的用法result 作名詞,意為“后果;結果”;作動詞,意為“發生;導致”。常用短語:result from意為“由……造成”,后接原因;result in意為“導致”,后接結果;as a result意為“因此;結果是”,后接結果,要用逗號隔開;as a result of意為“由于……的原因”,后接原因。例如:The bankrupt of the company resulted from poor management.公司破產是由管理不善造成的。The poor management results in the bankrupt of the company.管理不善導致這個公司破產。as a result為習慣短語,意為“因此;結果”,在句中作狀語。例如:He didn’t practice, and as a result ,he lost. 他沒有練習,所以輸了。【拓展】as a result of意為“由于……;作為……的結果”。先交代結果,再用as a result of連接原因。例如:We can’t go out as a result of the heavy rain. 因為下大雨,我們不能出去。【典例分析】1.He was late________ the snow.A.as a result B.as a result of C.in a result D.in a result of3.—I’m thinking about what to write about Human World in my report.—You can read some ________ about the book first.A.news B.reviews C.results D.notice3.The flood ran through the village. ________, 200 people were missing.A.In a result B.As a result C.Result in D.As a result of4.Six people were dead the accident.A.resulted in B.resulted from C.as a result D.as a result of5.用result構成的常用短語填空。(不限字數)1)她因天氣寒冷而生病。She was ill ___________ the cold weather.2)許多竹林遭到砍伐,其結果是,越來越多的野生大熊貓失去了它們的家園。Lots of bamboo forests have been cut down. _____________, more and more wild pandas have lost their homes.3)他的成功源于長年的努力工作。His success___________ years of hard work.= His success___________ years of hard work.4)長年的辛勤工作造就了他的成功。His years of hard work _________ success.= His years of hard work _________ success.5) 由于污染,該地區的居民很容易生病。People in this area get sick easily _________________the pollution.6)這種可怕的疾病已造成數千人死亡。This terrible disease _______________ thousands of deaths.要點 20. thanks tothanks to是介詞短語,意為“多虧,由于”,thanks不可以改為thank you, to后接表示感謝的對象。例如:Thanks to the English language, we can learn a lot from other countries.多虧英語語言,我們能從其它國家學到很多東西。Thanks to your help, I got a good mark in the exam.多虧你的幫助,我考試取得了好成績。辨析:thanks to 與thanks forthanks to 介詞短語意為“多虧;幸虧”,相當于because of /as a result of. to后可以接名詞\代詞或名詞性短語。thanks for 動詞短語,意為“因……而感謝”for 后接感謝的原因,可以是名詞或動詞-ing形式。【典例分析】1. the government’s efforts, our life is becoming better and better. A. Instead of B. In spite of C. According to D. Thanks to2 ________ the government's efforts, my hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.A. As for B. With the help C. Instead of D. Thanks to3.謝謝你邀請我們參加你的生日聚會._________ _______ ________us to your birthday party.4.幸虧湯姆,我找到了這么好的房子。________ __________Tom, I found this great apartment.要點 21.used to do sth. 過去常常做某事,意思是現在不做了,主語常是人,當然也可以是能實施動作的動物等。 I used to get up early and took an hour's walk before breakfast. 我過去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小時。be used to doing sth. 習慣于做某事,主語也通常是人,但是也可以是能實施動作的動物等。“get used to doing sth.”相當于“be used to doing sth.”。 He is/gets used to living like this. 他習慣了這樣生活。be used for doing sth. 被用于做某be used to do sth. 被用于做某事【典例分析】1.We have________ up early in order to catch the early bus.A.used to get B.been used to getC.used for getting D.been used to getting2.John _________with a knife but now he _________with chopsticks after living in Beijing for several months.A. used to eat; is used to eat B. used to eating; gets used to eatC. used to eat; is used to eating D. was used to eating; is used to eat2.用 used to 和 be used to 的適當形式填空。1. My uncle _____________ live in a big city, but he _________________ living in a village now.2. I _________________ get up late when I was in the middle school.3. The child _________________ watch too much TV at night. So he has poor eyesight now.4. We students ___________________ doing morning exercises every day.5. There _______________ be a beautiful park.要點 22.other, the other, others, the others, anotherother 泛指,“另外的;其他的”,作形容詞/代詞。做定語,修飾名詞。常用于:each other結構 “互相,彼此 He is cleverer than all the other children in the class. 他比班上其他的孩子都聰明。 We learn Chinese, math, English and other subjects. 我們學習語文、數學、英語和其他科目。the other 兩者中的另一者,one...the other...意為“一個...另一個...”; 之后也可接數詞/復數名詞,特指“其他的” I have two pencils. One is red; the other is green. 我有兩支鉛筆,一支是紅色的,另一支是綠色的。others 作代詞,泛指“其他的人或物”,剩余的另一些(并非全部), 與some對比使用時,表示“有的...,有的...” A lot of people are in the park. Some are singing; others are dancing. 許多人在公園里,一些在唱歌,另一些在跳舞。the others 剩余的全部,特指某一范圍內的“其他的人或物”,是 the other 的復數形式,相當于“the other+復數名詞” I go swimming every afternoon while the others play tennis. 每天下午我去游泳,而其他人打網球。another 泛指三個/三個以上同類事物中的“另一個”,代替或修飾單數可數名詞 I don’t like this one. Please show me another. 我不喜歡這一個,請讓我看看另一個。特別注意:other others the others another的區別(口訣:有名無S,有the 有范圍)a,先記住這些搭配one … the other 一個…… 另一個(兩個)one …. the others 一個…….另一些some … some ….othersb, another 在不定數中“再”“又”“別的”之意c, the other 和the others 表一定范圍內另一個,另一些。注意文中有范圍,相當“其余的”“剩下來的”之意。d,others 和the others后不接名詞。【典例分析】1. You can borrow my bike, but you mustn’t lend it to ________.A. others B. other C. the other D. the others2. Write some words on a side of the card and draw a picture on ________ side.A. another B. the other C. others D. the others3.用another / other / others / the others/the other填空:1) I have two friends. One is Tom, _____________ is Mary.2) I can keep the book for a month, but I’m not allowed to lend it to _____________.3) I can’t work out the fifth question, but I have done all ____________.4) Lucy, would you show me _____________ photo.5) We should save money to help ______________ poor children.6) Some go to the cinema, ________ go shopping7)Where are my ________ books 8)I don't like the dress, could you please show me _________ one 9)Mary has two kids, one is a teacher, _____________is a doctor.10)In my class, only the twins are from China, ____________ are from Japan人稱代詞 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱單數 復數 單數 單數 單數 復數主格 I we you you he she it they賓格 me us you you him her it they漢語 我 我們 你 你們 他 她 它 他們人稱代詞主格用于動詞前,作主語。如:I am a student. 我是學生。You look young. 你(們)看起來很年輕。She goes swimming every day. 她每天游泳。人稱代詞賓格用于動詞或介詞后,作賓語。如:Miss Li will teach us next week. 下周李老師會教我們。We’re looking for him. 我們正在找他。The dog is hungry. Please give it something to eat.這狗餓了,請給它一點吃的。物主代詞物主代詞表示“……(人)的”,表所屬關系。名詞性物主代詞和形容詞性物主代詞是物主代詞的兩大分支。一般來說,形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞的作用,作定語。名詞性物主代詞起名詞的作用,在句子中可以做主語,賓語,定語或者是主語補語。形容詞物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的用法區分(1)形容詞性物主代詞其后必須跟名詞,不能單獨使用,后面必接名詞,表示所有。形容詞性物主代詞相當于一個形容詞,在句中作定語用。例如:my pen我的鋼筆 your bag你的書包 his bike他的自行車 her desk她的書桌 (2)在使用名詞性物主代詞時,必須有特定的語言環境,也就是要省略的名詞大家已經知道,已經提起過。例:There is a book. It's hers. 這有本書。是她的。(3)名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞為避免重復使用名詞,有時可用“名詞性物主代詞”來代替“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”的形式。例:My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue and your bag is pink.為避免重復使用bag,可寫成My bag(形容詞性) is yellow, hers(名詞性=her bag) is red, his(名詞性=his bag) is blue and yours(名詞性=your bag) is pink. 即:My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and yours is pink.(4)物主代詞的表格 數,類別 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱單數 復數 單數 復數 單數 復數形容詞性物主代詞 my our your your his her its their名詞性物主代詞 mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs漢語 我的 我們的 你的 你們的 他的 她的 它的 他們的【典例分析】1. —Is that eraser —No, it isn’t. It’s .A. his; her B. your; hers C. his; my D. my; your2.Her opinion is different from , but I really agree with .A. his; her B. hers; hers C. his; hers D. him; hers3.This isn’t ______pen. It’s ______pen.A. your; I B.my; your C. her; you D. his; hers4.—Is this____ computer —Yes, it’s .My mother bought it for me.A.you; me . B.your; my . C.yours; mine . D.your; mine5. —Is this________ ruler —Yes, it’s her ruler.A. your B. your sister’s C. your brother’s D. you sister6.—Jerry, is that boy with glasses ________ new classmates —Yes. Let’s say hello to ____________.A. our; he B. us; him C. ours; his D. our; him7.Tom is my best friend. I often play basketball with _______.A. he B. his C. him D. himself8. I put the book on the desk last night. But I can’t find ______ now.A. him B. her C. them D. it9. — Are these _______ pencils — No. They are _______.A. your; their B. your; theirs C. yours; their D. yours; the10. — Whose bike is this — It’s ______.A. I B. me C. my D. mine二、 按提示的人稱用適當形式的代詞填空。1. Here is a postcard for __________ (you) father.2. Helen wants to buy a car of ________ (she) own.3. That is _______ (she) dress. _______ (its) is beautiful.4. ________ (them) come from Japan. ________ (them) eyes are black.5. Kate is ________ (I) friend. __________ (her) is a very nice girl.6. Is that box _________ (you) Yes, it’s __________ (my).7. ________ (we) classroom is smaller than _________ (them).8 .This is ________ (me) mother. _________ (her) is a doctor.9. The shirt is __________ (he). Please give it to __________ (he).10. _________ (he) chair is blue. __________ (she) is red.【話題分析】單元是圍繞“收藏作為一種愛好”進行寫作,運用目標單詞和短語及句式介紹你或你周圍的人的收藏愛好。通過學習范文,模仿文章結構,結合關鍵詞來完成話題寫作。1.目標語言:一般現在時,或過去時態,關于“收集”方面的單詞和短語。2.文章結構可以從這幾個方面著手寫:a.喜歡的收藏。b.如何進行收藏(什么時候開始,如何獲得,規模,最喜歡的收藏)c.喜歡收藏意義及感受。3.通過寫作訓練復習本單元的詞匯及句型,使本單元目標語言在實際語言環境中得到運用.Basic structure of a description of a collection【短語積累】1. 有趣的收藏 ____________________2.收集郵票____________________3把...添加到.. ____________________4.浪費時間____________________5. (父母給孩子的)零花錢____________________6.全世界____________________7.鑰匙圈____________________8.飛機模型____________________9培養一個愛好____________________10. 使想起 ___________________11 多虧了 ____________________12.極其小心地____________________13.對......感興趣____________________14. 收集甜蜜回憶____________________15 達到(某數量、程度等) ____________________【句式積累】1.這是我的收藏,我是一個硬幣收藏者。我喜歡收集硬幣,因為它們有著悠久的歷史背景和文化價值。(文章開頭)2.我的愛好是收集明信片。我收集了200多張來自不同地方的明信片。(文章開頭)3.兩年前,我開始收集舊書。(文章中間)4.多虧了爺爺,我養成了這個愛好。 (文章中間)5.我在花市或網上買了一些。我也從朋友那里得到了一些。 (文章中間)6.我一直在通過與其他收藏家交流來增加我的收藏。(文章中間)7.我喜歡郵票,因為它們很漂亮。他們還可以教我不同國家的歷史和文化.(喜歡收藏的原因。結尾)8.它們讓我想起與家人和朋友在一起的幸福時刻(喜歡收藏的原因。結尾)9.通過明信片,我可以體驗世界的美麗和多樣性.(喜歡收藏的原因。結尾)10.我父母不喜歡我收集它們,他們認為這是浪費時間和金錢。他們認為我必須把學習放在第一位。(對收藏的看法)11.多虧了這張郵票,我對中國傳統建筑產生了興趣,并開始收集類似的郵票(對收藏的看法)【實戰演練】假設你是Peter,平時喜歡收集各種票。請根據下面的提示,以“My collection”為題寫一篇英語短文。要求80詞左右,可圍繞提示內容適當發揮,開頭已給出,不計入總詞數。提示:1.When did you start to collect tickets 2.How many tickets do you have now 3.How do you get them What’s your favourite ticket and the reason 4.Why do you like collecting tickets ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________21世紀教育網 www.21cnjy.com 精品試卷·第 2 頁 (共 2 頁)21世紀教育網(www.21cnjy.com)中小學教育資源及組卷應用平臺Unit 8 Collecting as a hobby單元小結學習目標:本單元以“收藏物品”為話題,圍繞“學生的收藏愛好”這個主題展開。學會閱讀和談論別人和自己收藏習慣和愛好相關的短語和句式。能寫出自己和別人收藏的小短文。語法目標:學習人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法。聽說目標:能聽懂收藏的小短文,能按課文要求談論個人收藏。寫作目標:能按課文要求寫出個人收藏的小短文。目錄知識要點一、重點單詞,短語及句式要點1 重點短語 練習要點2 重點句式 練習要點3構詞法:im/in/un構成反義前綴 練習【精講精練】要點1 動名詞作表語和不定式作表語的用法 練習要點2 develop的用法 練習要點3 thousands of的用法 練習要點4 own的用法 練習要點5 handle的用法 練習要點6 add.的用法 練習要點7 absolutely的用法 練習要點8 seem的用法 練習要點9 explain的用法 練習要點10 produce 的用法 練習要點11 attract的用法 練習要點12 object的用法 練習要點13 unlock的用法 練習要點14 include 的用法 練習要點15 waste的用法 練習要點16 harm的用法 練習要點17 valuable的用法 練習要點18 remind的用法 練習要點19 result的用法 練習要點20 thanks to的用法 練習要點21 be used to doing sth.的用法 練習要點22 other,the other,others,the others,another的用法 練習知識要點二、語法要點1 人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法 24知識要點三、書面表達要點1 話題分析 28要點2 詞匯短語積累 29要點3句式積累 30要點4實戰演練 31【重點短語】key rings鑰匙圈2. model planes模型飛機3.develop a hobby培養愛好4. with great care非常小心5.a waste of time浪費時間6. add … to ...把....添加到.....7. more and more越來越多8. pocket money零花錢9. all over the world全世界10.be similar to 與….相似11.thanks to 由于,幸虧12.thousands of 成千上萬的13.seem impossible 似乎不可能14.build up a collection 建立一個收藏15.belong to 屬于16. think of 想起17.a collection of food plant 食用植物收藏18.on the left/right 在左邊/在右邊19.a muast-see object 一個必看的東西20.unlock a secret code揭示密碼【重點句式】1. I developed this hobby thanks to my grandpa.多虧了爺爺,我養成了這個愛好。2.He is a stamp collector, and he owns thousands of stamps.他是個集郵者,他擁有數千枚郵票3.Some of them are valuable, so he always handles them with great care.有些很貴重,他總是非常小心地觸碰它們。4.Every Sunday my grandpa adds new ones to his collection,每個星期天,我爺爺都會給他的收藏增加新的5.I am learning more and more about Chinese history and culture.我越來越了解中國的歷史和文化。6.He got really curious about it, so he asked me to tell him some other interesting bits of history about the buildings. 他真的很好奇,所以他讓我告訴他一些關于這些建筑的其他有趣的歷史。7.I collect postcards. They remind me of the beautiful places I've visited.我收集明信片。它們讓我想起我去過的美麗地方。8.My parents don't like my collection. They think it's a waste of time and money.我父母不喜歡我的收藏。他們認為這是浪費時間和金錢。9.When it flowers, it will produce a strong smell to attract insects.當它開花時,會產生強烈的氣味來吸引昆蟲10. My collection includes wrappers in different shapes, sizes and colors.我的收藏包括不同形狀、大小和顏色的包裝紙。11. There are three reasons why I collect chocolate wrappers.我收集巧克力包裝紙有三個原因。12.She has rocks of different colours,shapes and sizes. They are from lakes, rivers, forests and mountains.她有各種顏色、形狀和大小的石頭。它們來自湖泊、河流、森林和山脈。13.Some of my classmates think it's strange, but my parents support me. They love my plants because they make our home look really interesting.我的一些同學認為這很奇怪,但我的父母支持我。他們喜歡我的植物,因為它們讓我們的家看起來很有趣。14.This is my collection, I am a collector of coins. I like collecting coins because they have a long historical background and cultural value這是我的收藏,我是一個硬幣收藏者。我喜歡收集硬幣,因為它們有著悠久的歷史背景和文化價值。【構詞法】在形容詞前加前綴in或im,構成原詞的反義詞 如:possible可能的--impossible 不可能的patient有耐心的-- impatient沒有耐心的polite禮貌的--impolite沒禮貌的correct正確的--incorrect不正確的direct直接的--indirect間接的in、im和un前綴的區別 in、im和un都是英語中的否定前綴,它們的主要區別在于適用范圍和使用場景。 in前綴 適用范圍 :主要適用于形容詞、名詞和某些動詞。 含義 :表示否定意義,如“非、不、無”,或表示 “缺乏”。 示例 :incorrect 不正確的、 inactive 不活躍的 informal :非正式的 invisible 看不見的、 inability 無能、 inaccuracy不準確。im前綴 適用范圍 :主要適用于以m、b、p開頭的單詞。 含義 :表示否定意義,如“非、不、無”。 示例 :impossible不可能的、impolite不禮貌的、immoral不道德的。un前綴 適用范圍 :適用于名詞、形容詞、副詞和動詞。 含義 :表示否定意義,如“不、非、無、相反的”。 示例 :unhappy不快樂的、 unfair不公平的、unfinished未完成的、unemployment失業、 unrest動蕩不安、unexpectedly意外地。【精講精練】要點 1.動名詞作表語和不定式作表語。but my hobby is collecting stamps. 我的愛好是集郵。這里是動名詞做表語用。類似句子:The best way to learn a language is using it.His job is painting the walls.不定式也可做表語,如:My dream is to go to space.一般說來:動名詞做表語:抽象的一般行為,具有一般性和反復性。動詞不定式做表語:表示一次性的或將來或計劃的行為。His job is painting the walls.中的“painting the walls”表示他的工作是粉刷墻,這是一種經常性的行為。His job is to paint the walls.中的"to paint the walls"表示他的工作是粉刷這些墻,這是一種具體的行動。 【典例分析】1.他的夢想是想成為一名科學家His dream is____________________________.2.他的工作是清掃街道。His job is ______________________________.【答案】1.to be a scientist 2.cleaning the streets要點 2. develop 1. 發展、發育 :表示某物或某人的成長和發展。例如:The child is developing normally.這孩子發育正常The company has rapidly developed from a small startup into a thriving business.這家公司迅速發展壯大2.開發、研制 :表示開發新產品或新技術。例如:Scientists developed the vaccine from an existing medicine.科學家們從現有藥物中研制出了疫苗The company develops and markets new software.這家公司開發并銷售新軟件3. 養成習慣 :表示養成某種習慣或行為。例如:Try to develop good reading habits.要養成良好的閱讀習慣【同根詞】development:n. 發展,壯大;developed:adj. 發達的,高度發展的;developing:adj. 發展中的;developer:n.(房地產)開發商,研發者,研制者。Canada is a developed country. 加拿大是一個發達國家。China is a developing country. 中國是個發展中國家。【典例分析】1.The Great Britain is a ______________(develop) country.2.Education is central to a country's economic ______________ (develop).【解析】1.developed country 發達國家。developing country 發展中國家。2.develoment 發展。名詞。3.—Do you think Japan is a _______ country?—No, it isn't. China is a _______ country.A. developing; developing B. developed; developedC. developed; developing D. developing; developed【答案】C【解析】developing 發展中的。Developed 發達的。根據常識。日本是發達國家,中國是發展中的國家,故答案選C要點 3.thousands of 好幾千;成千上萬thousands of,意為“好幾千,成千上萬”。thousand意為“一千”,用來表示不確定的數目時,thousand應變為復數,且在后面加of。拓展:與thousand用法類似的詞Hundred (百), thousand (千), million (百萬)等表示概數時,本身要用復數形式,后接“of+可數名詞復數”,即“hundreds/thousands/millions +of+名詞復數”,意為“數以百/千/百萬計的……”。若這些數量詞前有基數詞,則直接用hundred /thousand/million等,不用復數形式,也不加of。It cost me two hundred dollars.它花了我200美元The restaurant receives hundreds of customers every day.這家飯店每天接待數以百計的顧客【典例分析】1.每年人們會在山上種植成千上萬棵樹來保護環境。Every year trees are planted on the hills to protect the environment.【解析】thousands of2. It is reported that nearly _________ foreign kids joined a British boarding school last year,and a third of them came from China.A. nine thousand B. nine thousands C. nine thousand of D. nine thousands of【答案】A【解析】句意:據悉,去年近九千個外國孩子加入了英國寄宿學校,其中三分之一來自中國。考查數量的表達。thousand名詞,千;前面有具體數字時,后面thousand不能用復數,也不能跟of; thousands of表示約數。故選A。3. birds have come back because the environment here becomes better and better.A. Thousands of B. Thousand of C. Thousands D. Thousands【答案】A【解析】 考查數詞的用法。句意:數千只鳥已經回來,因為這里的環境變得越來越好。thousands of數千的,thousand 與數詞連用時使用單數,與of連用時使用復數。故選A。4. It is reported that there are over ______ koalas dying in the disastrous wild fire broke out recently in Australia.A. thousands of B. 8 thousands C. 8 thousands of D. 8 thousand【答案】D【解析】millions of 數以百萬計的。概數。 不能與具體數字連用。2.D thousands of 數以千計的。Thousand可以與具體數字連用。Thousand后面不加“s”。要點 4. own形容詞用法 自己的 :表示某物屬于某人自己,例如:I have my own car.我有自己的車。She has her own apartment.她有自己的公寓。動詞用法 擁有 :表示某人擁有某物,可以用作及物動詞或不及物動詞,例如:He owns a small business.他擁有一家小型企業。They own several properties in the city.他們在城市里擁有幾處房產。 常見搭配on one's own :獨自地,例如:He finished the project on his own.他獨自完成了這個項目。 She left on her own.她自己離開了。of one's own :某人自己的,例如:She has a house of her own.她有自己的房子。She wants to have a place of her own.她想要擁有自己的地方。owner 物主,所有者The owner of the restaurant decided to expand its menu to attract more customers.【典例分析】1.他有一座自己的房子,這座房子是去年他獨自建的,所以他是該房子的主人。He has a house __________,and the house was built __________last year,so he is the_________ of the house.【答案】of his own 意為“(某人)自己的” on his own意為“獨自” owner “所有權人;主人”2.It's dangerous for you to go out for a walk in the forest _______at night.A. on business B.by the way C. on your own D. on the top【答案】你晚上一個人到森林里去散步是很危險的。on one's own意為“獨自”,符合題意。3.It’s against the law for him to rush into ________ house without permission.A.my own private B .him own privateC. his own D. own his private【答案】句意為“他未經允許闖入我的私人房屋是違法的”。Own 私人的。故選A4. — What did Mr. Smith have — He used to _____________ a big company and a large piece of land.A. count B. search C. own D. hide【答案】C【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:——史密斯先生有些什么 ——他曾擁有一家大公司和一大片土地。A. count計算;B. search 搜尋;C. own 擁有;D. hide 隱藏。根據句意可知,own符合語境,故選擇C。要點 5. handlehandle名詞:把手 , 柄 She turned the handle and opened the door . 她轉動把手,打開了門.動詞:處理 ,應付,買賣。 They were arrested for handling stolen goods .他們因處理贓物被捕.The headmaster handled the situation very well. 校長把這個情況處理的很好 handle situation : 處理局勢 handle problem : 處理問題 handle business : 處理業務 handle information :處理信息【典例分析】1.It is so wise_______you________ the problem in such a simple way.A. of; to handle B. for; to handle C. of; handling D. for; handling【答案】A【詳解】句意:你用這么簡單的方法處理這個問題真是太聰明了.考查it固定句型.根據"It is so wise...you...the problem in such a simple way.'可知,此處為"It is+形容詞+of /for sb+to do sth."的結 構,若此處的形容詞是與人的性格特征相關的單詞,應用of;若是與事物的特征相關的單詞,應用for.由“wise”可知,其為形容人的形容詞,故應用of。第二空應用動詞不定式.故選A.2.Customers are asked not to h_________ the goods in the shop.【答案】handle 用手觸碰。要點 6. add1.add表示“加;增加”,常與介詞to連用,即“add ... to ...”,意為“把...加到...中去;往...中加...”。例如:Don’t add fuel to the flames. 別再火上澆油了 If you add 4 to 6, you get 10. 4加6等于10 2.補充說明 :add還可以表示“補充(說道)”,即“又說;繼續說”。例如:She added that we must get back as soon as possible.構成短語(1)add… to… 意為“把……加到……”,例如: Don’t add fuel to the flames. 別再火上澆油了。(2)add to表示“增加;增添”,其中to是介詞,后接名詞或代詞。例如:Each girl present at the party was wearing a flower in the hair, which added to their beauty.參加晚會的姑娘人人頭上都戴有一朵花,使得她們顯得愈加漂亮。(3)add up 意為“把……加起來”。例如: Add up all the numbers and you will see how much you owe me. 把所有的數字加起來看看你欠我多少。(4)add up to 意為“總計;加起來結果是”。例如:All the numbers add up to exactly 900. 所有數加起來一共900.【典例分析】1.如果你認為這咖啡太濃,就加點兒熱水。________ some hot water ________ the coffee if you think it is much too strong.【答案】Add to2. If more salt______ to the soup, it will taste betterA. is added B. will be added C. will add D. Adds【答案】A【解析】句意:如果湯里再多加點鹽嘗起來會更好。根據句意及題干分析此題應用被動語態,其基本結構是be+動詞的過去分詞,根據主將從現原則,if從句中應用一般現在時態,故選A。3.Please ________ all the figures to see how much they ________.A. add; add up B. add up; add up to C. add up; add up D. add; add to【答案】B【解析】句意“請把數字全部加起來,看看合計有多少”。add填加;add up加起來;add up to合計。根據句意,故選B。4. He. _________ some sugar _________ the coffee.A. put;at B. added;to C. added;with D. added;/【答案】B【解析】句意:他向咖啡里加了一些糖。put…in…意為“把……放入……”;add…to…意為“向……里加……”;根據句意及固定搭配,故選B。要點 7. absolutelyabsolutely 副詞,主要用來加強語氣,表示“完全地”或“絕對地”。表示肯定 : Absolutely right :完全正確。 Absolutely certain :表示確信無疑。 Absolutely necessary :表示絕對必要 表示否定 : Absolutely not :表示 “絕對不行”。 表示情感 : Absolutely fascinated :表示非常著迷。 Absolutely delicious :表示非常美味。【典例分析】1.It is difficult to cross the desert by car, but not a____________ impossible.【答案】absolutely 2.Let me show you an ______ wonderful stamp of the Palace Museum. A. absolutely B. completely C. really D. sincerely【答案】A【解析】句意:讓我給你展示一張絕對地很棒的故宮郵票。“absolutely”:副詞,意思是 “絕對地”。“completely”:副詞,意思是 “完全地”,更多用于修飾動作完成的程度。“really”:副詞,意思是 “真地”。“sincerely”:副詞,意思是 “真誠地”。“absolutely” 可以用來修飾 “wonderful”,“completely”“really”“sincerely” 在這里不如 “absolutely” 合適。答案選A要點 8.seem常作系動詞,意為“看來;似乎”,其常見結構如下:1.seem+形容詞/名詞,意為“似乎……”。例如:She seems quite happy today.今天她似乎很高興。She seems a clever girl.看來她是一個聰明的女孩。2.seem+to do sth.,意為“好像要做某事”。例如:Something seemed to be wrong with the train.火車好像出故障了。3.It seems/seemed + that從句,意為“看起來似乎……”。4.seem like...意為“似乎是……;看起來像……”。例如:It seems like an interesting film.它看起來像是一部有趣的電影。【典例分析】1.它看起來像是一部有趣的電影。It __________ ___________an interesting film.【答案】seems like2.他似乎已經找到他的錢包了。_________ ________ ________he has found his wallet.【答案】It seems that3.she seems unhappy. (改為同義句)=She ________ ________ ________ unhappy.=_______ _______ ______she is unhappy【答案】seems to be = It seems that4.It __________ that Joan had no chance to be a teacher at that moment.A. tasted B. looked C. seemed D. smelt【答案】C【解析】句意:在那一刻,瓊看起來好像沒有機會成為一名教師。看起來好像…“It seems that+從句”固定句型;根據句中的had可知時態應用一般過去時,結合選項,故答案選C。5.—There are dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly.—It ______ that a typhoon is coming. A. feels B. sounds C. seems D. looks【答案】C【解析】考查詞義辨析。句意:—有烏云,風刮得很大。—似乎一場臺風要來。A感覺,B聽起來,C似乎,D看起來。句型It seems that...似乎……。其余三項不用于此類句型。故選C。要點 9.1)explain v. 解釋;說明explain to sb. :向某人解釋。explain sth. to sb. :向某人解釋某事She explained the reason to me carefully.她認真地向我解釋了原因。Can you explain to us how to use the computer 你能向我們解釋一下怎樣使用這臺電腦嗎?(2)explain+that/how/why從句,意為“(向某人)解釋/說明……”。(3)explain (to sb.)+疑問詞+動詞不定式explain的名詞形式是explanation,其意思是“解釋、說明、闡述”The explanation is clear and easy to understand.這個解釋清晰易懂。The explanation of the policy is not satisfactory.對這項政策的解釋并不令人滿意。【典例分析】1.根據漢語意思完成句子①請您把第三段給我們解釋一下好嗎?Will you please ________ the third paragraph________ ________?②請跟我說明從哪里開始以及該如何做。Please ________ ________ ________ ________ to start and how to do it.【答案】① explain to me ②explain to me where用所給詞的適當形式填空Sally loves chocolate. That ________(explain) why it's hard for her to lose weight.【答案】explanation2.The instructions on medicine are necessary for the sick. They______whether the medicine is out date.A. excuse B. experience C. expect D. explain【答案】D【解析】句意:對病人來說,藥物說明書是必要的.它們解釋這種藥是否過期.考查動詞辨析.excuse原諒;experience經歷;expect期待;explain解釋。根據“The instructions on medicine are necessary for the sick”可知藥物說明書會解釋說明藥物是否過期.故選D.3.It was difficult to ______ the problem clearly to beginners.A. explain B. describe C. understand D. solve【答案】A【解析】句意:向初學者清楚地解釋這個問題是困難的。“explain”:動詞,意思是 “解釋”。 “describe”:動詞,意思是 “描述”,側重于描述事物的外觀等。“understand”:動詞,意思是 “理解”。 “solve”:動詞,意思是 “解決”。這里是向初學者清楚地解釋問題,“描述”“理解”“解決” 都不符合 “向初學者清楚地…… 問題” 這種語境。答案選A要點 10.similar作形容詞,表示“相似的”、“類似的”。例如:The two cars are very similar in size and color.這兩輛汽車大小和顏色都非常相似. be similar to :表示“與……相似”。例如:Her ideas are quite similar to mine. 她的觀點和我的很相似 。 similar的名詞形式是“similarity”,意思是“相似性、類似性”There is some similarity in the way they sing. 他們的演唱風格有點像 The report highlights the similarities between the two groups. 這份報告強調兩組之間的相似性 .【典例分析】1.Your new bike is different________ mine, but quite similar________ Jack’s.A. to; to B. to; from C. from; to D. from; from【答案】C【解析】be different from 與。。。不同。Be similar to 與。。。相似。2.—Can you tell the difference between these two pictures —The difference Oh, no. They look quite . A. similar B. different C. strange D. interesting【答案】A【解析】similar"相似的";different"不同的";strange"奇怪的";interesting"有趣的"。結合本題語境可知,它們看起來很"相似",故所缺的詞是similar。3. Dona is ________ to her mother in many ways. For example, they are both tall and thin.A. different B. kind C. friendly D. similar【答案】D【解析】根據 they are both tall and thin可知Dona和母親有許多相似的地方。be similar to與……相似。要點 11. produce動詞用法 : 生產,制造 創作, 生育 :例如,The factory produces 1,000 cars a week.這家工廠每星期生產一千輛轎車 He produced a new play last year.他去年創作了一部新劇。 The cow produced a calf last night.母牛昨晚生了一只小牛名詞用法 : 產品 :例如,The produce section of the grocery store sells fruits and vegetables.雜貨店的農產品區出售水果和蔬菜 production :名詞,表示“生產,作品”,例如,The production of the play was a huge success.這部劇的演出非常成功。 productive :形容詞,表示“多產的,富有成效的”,例如,The farm is very productive this year.這個農場今年非常高產. producer :名詞,表示“制作人,生產者”,例如,He is a famous music producer.他是一位著名的音樂制作人.【典例分析】1. My father’s car is a home ___________ (produce).2. The ___________ (produce) should think more of the consumer.3.The factory p __________ a lot of furniture every year. (根據單詞首字母填寫合適單詞)【解析】1. product product n. 產品;結果;作品 2. production n. 生產;產量 3. produces4. The communication of the two groups __________ many good ideas.A. produced B. discovered C. invented D. expressed【答案】A【解析】句意:兩個小組的交流產生了許多好的想法。考查動詞詞義辨析。produced產生,制造;discovered發現;invented發明;expressed表達。根據“many good ideas”可知,是產生了許多好的想法,故選A。5. Tea leaves are ________ in the south of China. And people there enjoy drinking tea.A. invented B. produced C. heated D. washed【答案】B【解析】句意:茶葉產于中國南方。那里的人喜歡喝茶。考查動詞辨析。invented發明;produced生產;heated加熱;washed洗。根據“Tea leaves are …in the south of China.”可知,中國南方盛產茶葉。故選B。要點 12.attract 表示“吸引”或“引起”。例如:The flower show attracted large crowds this year.今年的花展吸引了大批觀眾 。She gave a quiet cough to attract my attention.她輕輕地咳了一聲好引起我注意同根詞attractive :形容詞,表示“有吸引力的”。例如:The new car is very attractive. 這輛新車非常吸引人 。 attraction :名詞,表示“吸引力”或“吸引人的事物”。例如:The museum is a great attraction for tourists. 博物館是游客的一大景點 【典例分析】1.The story is very ____________ (attract).2.He visited many ____________ (attract)in Australia.3.她試圖引起服務員的注意。(根據中文意思完成句子)She________ _________ _________ the attention of the waiter.4. The famous place of interest a_______ millions of people to visit every year. (根據首字母寫單詞完成句子)【答案】1.atractive (吸引人的,形容詞) 2. attractions (名詞,吸引;吸引人的事物)3. tried to attract 4.attracts5.So far, the AIIB(亞投行)has________about 100 countries to be its members.A. attacked B. attracted C. admired D. appeared【答案】B【解析】句意:到目前為止,亞投行已經吸引了大約100個國家成為其成員.考查動詞辨析.attacked襲擊;attracted吸引;admired欽佩;appeared出現.分析句子可知,此處表示到目前為止,亞投行已經 吸引了大約100個國家成為其成員.”的含義,故選B。6.What a great success the film Chinese Doctors has made!That’s true. So far it has_________tens of millions of people to go to the cinema.A. requested B. expected C. attracted D. encouraged【答案】C【解析】句意:這部電影《中國醫生》取得了多么大的成功!——沒錯.到目前為止,它已經吸引了數干萬人去看電影.考查動詞辨析.request要求;expect期待;attract吸引;encourag鼓勵。根“What a great success the film Chinese Doctors has made”可知,大獲成功的原因是吸引了許多人去看。故選C.要點 13. object作為名詞object1.物體、物品 。例如:The object on the table is a book.桌子上的那個物體是一本書。2.目標、目的 。例如:The main object of the game is to score points.游戲的主要目的是得分。3.賓語 :在語法術語中,object也可作賓語解。例如:The teacher gave the students an object lesson.老師給學生們上了一堂生動的課。【典例分析】1.There are different kinds of o______ on the table.【答案】objects2.In Britain, people avoid talking about age, weight or money. Instead, weather, holidays, music or books are their favourite________of conversation.A. objects B. subjects C. programs D. projects【答案】B【解析】句意:在英國,人們避免談論年齡、體重或金錢.相反,天氣、假期、音樂或書籍是他們最喜歡的話題.考查名詞的辨析.objects對象、物體;subjects話題、主題;program灌序;projects工程.tgjg'instead, weather, holidays, musicor books are their favourite...of conversation.”可知,天氣、假期、音樂或書籍應是談話的話題.故選B.要點 14. unlock1.及物動詞 :開啟;開…的鎖;表露。例如:The lock on the door can be unlocked with a key.門鎖可以用鑰匙打開。 2.不及物動詞 :解開;解出鎖定;被開啟。例如:The door unlocked easily.門很容易就打開了。lock 名詞:鎖。動詞:鎖住 。He turned the key in the lock. 他轉動鑰匙開鎖。【典例分析】1.Scientists tried their best to ________(揭示the secrets of the universe.【答案】unlock2.He turned the key to ______(lock)the door and went into the room.【答案】unlock3.它就像一個打開密碼的寶藏.It's like a treasure that _____ ____ _____ ______.【答案】unlocked a secret code要點 15. includeincluding的用法including作介詞,意為“包括;包含”,后接名詞、代詞或動名詞。例如:The singer sang many songs, including some of my favourites.這個歌手唱了很多首歌,包括一些我最喜歡的歌。辨析include, including與includedinclude 作及物動詞,可在句中作謂語,意為“包括;包含;使……成為一部分”。通常不用于進行時。including 作介詞,位于它所修飾的詞之前,意為“包括”,和其后的名詞、代詞或動名詞構成介賓短語,意為“包括……在內”。including+名詞/代詞=名詞/代詞+included。included 作形容詞,常位于名詞或代詞后,意為“包括在內的”。 Your duties will include putting the children to bed.你的職責將包括讓孩子們上床睡覺。Thirty people, including six children/six children included, went to see the film.有30個人去看了這部電影,其中包括6個孩子。Everyone laughed, me included.每個人都笑了,包括我在內。【典例分析】1.我有很多工作要做,包括做飯和打掃房間。I have much work to do,__________ ____________ meals and cleaning the house.【答案】including cooking。including是介詞引導的介詞短語在句中作狀語,起補充說明的作用,前面可用逗號隔開。2.我的工作包括做飯、打掃房間等。My work __________ __________ meals, cleaning the house and so on.【答案】includes。include是及物動詞,在句中作謂語3. I have to make breakfast for five people,____me.A. include B. including C. included D. to include【答案】B 此題用語法判定法。分析句子成分可知,空格前是一個完整的句子,排除A與C兩項。including介詞,意為“包括”,與后面的代詞me構成介詞短語。4. Congratulations! Most of you have passed the final exam, Tony ________.A. including B. include C. includes D. included【答案】D【解析】including為介詞,和其后的名詞、代詞或動詞的ing形式構成介賓短語;include為動詞,在句中作謂語;included為形容詞,用在名詞或代詞后,including +名稱,代詞構成介詞短語。要點16 waste(1)waste 作不可數名詞,意為“浪費,廢物,垃圾”。a waste of意為“浪費……”。例如:I hate waste. 我討厭浪費。It’s a waste of time. 這就是浪費時間。(2)waste 作形容詞,意為“無用的,浪費的,荒廢的”。例如:We shouldn’t throw waste paper about. 我們不應該亂扔廢紙。A factory is pouring waste water into the river. 一家工廠正在向河里傾倒廢水。(3)waste 作及物動詞,意為“浪費”。 waste time / money (in)doing / on sth. 表示“在做某事上浪費時間 / 金錢”。Don’t waste water! 不要浪費水。【典例分析】1. After dinner Mum asked me to throw the _______ in the bowls in the bag on the ground. A. fly B. waste C. sand D. scarf【答案】B。【解析】本題考查名詞辨析。fly意為“蒼蠅”,waste意為“廢料;廢棄物”,sand 意為“沙;沙子”,scarf意為“圍巾”,結合語境可知應選B。2.We all need a healthy environment, but we produce every day and it is harmful to our environment. A. dreams B. trouble C. problems D. waste【答案】D 【解析】本題考查名詞辨析。句意:我們都需要一個健康的環境,但是我們每天產生垃圾,它對我們的環境有害。dream夢想;trouble麻煩;problem問題;waste垃圾。根據“它對我們的環境有害”可知選D。3. 媽媽認為玩電腦游戲是浪費時間。Mum thinks it __________ __________ __________ __________ to play computer games.【答案】a waste of time4. 這條河流被從工廠流出的廢物嚴重污染。The river was ___________ __________ __________ __________ from the factory【答案】badly polluted by waste5. —The latest style of Huawei mobile phones will be on sale. I want to buy one.—I think you shouldn’t ________ too much money on new mobile phones you don’t need.A. waste B. put C. share D. give【答案】A【解析】詞義辨析法。A浪費; B放; C分享; D給。結合句意“—最新款式的華為手機即將上市, 我想買一個。—我認為你不應該______太多的錢在你不需要的新手機上。”可知, 應該是“浪費”。故選A。要點 17.valuable詞性形容詞,意為:貴重的;很有用的;寶貴的,用作表語時,可與介詞to連用,常用短語be valuable to sb.“對某人來說很有價值”。This is a valuable painting. 這是一幅很珍貴的畫。The book is valuable to me. 這本書對我來說很有價值。valuable adj. 有價值的;貴重的,寶貴的用法 例句valuable形容詞意為“有價值的;貴重的,寶貴的 ” His wife put on valuable ring and necklace.value作為名詞時意為“價值”;作為動詞意為“重視;珍惜” His work has no value. I value the opinion of my husband and we agree on most things.【典例分析】1. You’d better go to the Science Museum because there is ________ on show.A. something valuable B. anything valuableC. important things D. nothing special【答案】A【解析】句意:你最好去科學博物館,因為那里有有價值的東西在展出。考查不定代詞。something某事,一般用于肯定句;anything任何事情,用于否定句或疑問句中;things事情;nothing 沒什么事,用在肯定句中表示否定意思;valuable有價值的;important重要的;special特殊的。根據“You’d better go to the Science Museum”,可知是科學博物館里有有價值的東西在展出,本句為肯定句,因此用something,形容詞修飾不定代詞應置其后;故選A。3. Your advice is very to me. I’m sure our activity will be more meaningful. A. terrible B. comfortable C. impossible D. valuable【答案】D 【解析】考查形容詞辨析。terrible意為“可怕的”;comfortable意為“舒服的”;impossible意為“不可能的”;valuable意為“有價值的”。由下句句意“我確信我們的活動將更有意義”可知,建議非常有價值。故選D。4. Your advice is of great ________ to us all. We will take the ________ advice.A. valuable; value B. interest; interested C. value; valuable D. success; successful【答案】C【解析】句意:你的建議對我們大家都很有價值。我們將接受有價值的建議。考查名詞和形容詞辨析。valuable有價值的,形容詞;value價值,名詞;interest興趣,名詞;interested感興趣的,形容詞;success成功,名詞;successful成功的,形容詞。“of+名詞=其形容詞”,第一空用在介詞of后面,應用名詞,建議對于我們來說應該是有價值,所以填value;第二空修飾名詞,表示有價值的,應用形容詞valuable,故選C。要點 18. remindremind1.表示 “使想起;使記起”,常見搭配:remind sb. of sb./ sth.“使某人想起某人/某物”;remind sb.+ that從句“使某人回憶起……”。例如:He reminds me of his father.The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.2.表示“提醒”,常見搭配remind sb.to do sth.“提醒某人做某事”;remind sb.+ that從句“提醒某人……”。Please remind me to post the letter.She reminded me that I haven’t write to Mother.【典例分析】1.--Don’t forget to come to our party this evening. --I won’t. Mary ______ me just now.A.remembered B. reminded C. reported D. reviewed【答案】B【解析】別忘了今晚來參加我們的聚會--我不會的。瑪麗剛才提醒我了。A.記住 B提醒 C,報告 D復習根據句意,remind 提醒。符合題意。2. —Please call me at six tomorrow. I can't be late for the important meeting.—No problem. I'll surely you. A. remind B. beat C. warn D. order【答案】A 【解析】根據題干中的“請明天六點給我打電話。那個重要的會議我不能晚到”可知,答語的含義是“沒問題,我會提醒你的”,故所缺的詞是remind。3.I happened to find a book on the shelf. The book ________ me of some funny stories.A. gave B. provided C. reminded D. made【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:我在書架上碰巧找到一本書,這本書使我想起了一些好笑的故事。根據remind sb. of sth.可知答案為C。4.他的父母經常提醒他努力學習。His parents often remind ________ ________ ______ hard.【答案】him to study. remind sb.to do sth. “提醒某人做某事”remind 后面接不定式。5.我提醒她必須在天黑之前回家。I remind her that ________ _______ _________ home before dark.【答案】she must go remind 后面接賓語從句。6. 這些照片使我想起了我的學生時代。The pictures remind _________ _________my school days.【答案】of me。remind sb. of sb./ sth.“使某人想起某人。要點 19. result的用法result 作名詞,意為“后果;結果”;作動詞,意為“發生;導致”。常用短語:result from意為“由……造成”,后接原因;result in意為“導致”,后接結果;as a result意為“因此;結果是”,后接結果,要用逗號隔開;as a result of意為“由于……的原因”,后接原因。例如:The bankrupt of the company resulted from poor management.公司破產是由管理不善造成的。The poor management results in the bankrupt of the company.管理不善導致這個公司破產。as a result為習慣短語,意為“因此;結果”,在句中作狀語。例如:He didn’t practice, and as a result ,he lost. 他沒有練習,所以輸了。【拓展】as a result of意為“由于……;作為……的結果”。先交代結果,再用as a result of連接原因。例如:We can’t go out as a result of the heavy rain. 因為下大雨,我們不能出去。【典例分析】1.He was late________ the snow.A.as a result B.as a result of C.in a result D.in a result of【答案】B as a result意為“因此;結果是”,后接結果,要用逗號隔開. as a result of意為“由于……的原因”,后接原因。3.—I’m thinking about what to write about Human World in my report.—You can read some ________ about the book first.A.news B.reviews C.results D.notice【答案】B【詳解】句意:——我在考慮在我的報告里寫些什么關于《人世間》的東西。——你可以先讀一些關于這本書的評論。考查名詞辨析。news新聞;reviews評論;results結果;notice通知。根據“I’m ...what to write about Human World in my report” 可知,作者想寫關于《人世間》的內容,因此下文應該是讀一些《人世間》的書評來了解這本書。故選B。3.The flood ran through the village. ________, 200 people were missing.A.In a result B.As a result C.Result in D.As a result of【答案】B【詳解】句意:洪水穿過村莊。結果,200人失蹤。考查介詞短語。In a result表達錯誤;As a result結果(作狀語);Result in導致(動詞短語),造成;As a result of由于……的結果(后跟賓語)。此處逗號隔開,作句中的狀語。故選B。4.Six people were dead the accident.A.resulted in B.resulted from C.as a result D.as a result of【答案】D【詳解】句意:事故造成6人死亡。考查介詞短語,result in 后面加的是導致的結果,意為“導致”“引起(某種結果)”“使……獲得某種結果”;result from后面加的是導致的原因,意為“由……造成”“因……產生”;as a result為副詞用法,意為“結果是”,后面指事情的結果; as a result of為短語介詞,后跟名詞、代詞等,意為“由于…的原因”。結合題干分析,后部分是主語的原因,那么結合句意,故選D。5.用result構成的常用短語填空。(不限字數)1)她因天氣寒冷而生病。She was ill ___________ the cold weather.【答案】as a result of/because of2)許多竹林遭到砍伐,其結果是,越來越多的野生大熊貓失去了它們的家園。Lots of bamboo forests have been cut down. _____________, more and more wild pandas have lost their homes.【答案】as a result3)他的成功源于長年的努力工作。His success___________ years of hard work.= His success___________ years of hard work.【答案】resulted from /came from4)長年的辛勤工作造就了他的成功。His years of hard work _________ success.= His years of hard work _________ success.【答案】resulted in /led to5) 由于污染,該地區的居民很容易生病。People in this area get sick easily _________________the pollution.【答案】as a result of because of6)這種可怕的疾病已造成數千人死亡。This terrible disease _______________ thousands of deaths.【答案】led to /resulted in要點 20. thanks tothanks to是介詞短語,意為“多虧,由于”,thanks不可以改為thank you, to后接表示感謝的對象。例如:Thanks to the English language, we can learn a lot from other countries.多虧英語語言,我們能從其它國家學到很多東西。Thanks to your help, I got a good mark in the exam.多虧你的幫助,我考試取得了好成績。辨析:thanks to 與thanks forthanks to 介詞短語意為“多虧;幸虧”,相當于because of /as a result of. to后可以接名詞\代詞或名詞性短語。thanks for 動詞短語,意為“因……而感謝”for 后接感謝的原因,可以是名詞或動詞-ing形式。【典例分析】1. the government’s efforts, our life is becoming better and better. A. Instead of B. In spite of C. According to D. Thanks to【答案】D 【解析】句意:多虧了政府的努力,我們的生活變得越來越好。thanks to 多虧了,由于。2 ________ the government's efforts, my hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.A. As for B. With the help C. Instead of D. Thanks to【答案】D【解析】語境推理法。as for 至于, with the help在……幫助下, 后面需加of; instead of 代替, thanks to多虧, 由于, 根據“由于政府的努力,我的家鄉正變得越來越美麗。”可知選D符合語境.3.謝謝你邀請我們參加你的生日聚會._________ _______ ________us to your birthday party.【答案】Thanks for inviting4.幸虧湯姆,我找到了這么好的房子。________ __________Tom, I found this great apartment.【答案】Thanks to要點 21.used to do sth. 過去常常做某事,意思是現在不做了,主語常是人,當然也可以是能實施動作的動物等。 I used to get up early and took an hour's walk before breakfast. 我過去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小時。be used to doing sth. 習慣于做某事,主語也通常是人,但是也可以是能實施動作的動物等。“get used to doing sth.”相當于“be used to doing sth.”。 He is/gets used to living like this. 他習慣了這樣生活。be used for doing sth. 被用于做某be used to do sth. 被用于做某事【典例分析】1.We have________ up early in order to catch the early bus.A.used to get B.been used to getC.used for getting D.been used to getting【答案】D used to do sth. 過去常常做某事,Be used to doing習慣于做某事,根據句意選D。2.John _________with a knife but now he _________with chopsticks after living in Beijing for several months.A. used to eat; is used to eat B. used to eating; gets used to eatC. used to eat; is used to eating D. was used to eating; is used to eat【答案】C 句意:約翰過去常常用刀吃用餐,但現在他在北京住了幾個月后習慣用筷子吃飯。2.用 used to 和 be used to 的適當形式填空。1. My uncle _____________ live in a big city, but he _________________ living in a village now.【答案】used to is used to2. I _________________ get up late when I was in the middle school.【答案】used to3. The child _________________ watch too much TV at night. So he has poor eyesight now.【答案】used to4. We students ___________________ doing morning exercises every day.【答案】are used to5. There _______________ be a beautiful park.【答案】used to要點 22.other, the other, others, the others, anotherother 泛指,“另外的;其他的”,作形容詞/代詞。做定語,修飾名詞。常用于:each other結構 “互相,彼此 He is cleverer than all the other children in the class. 他比班上其他的孩子都聰明。 We learn Chinese, math, English and other subjects. 我們學習語文、數學、英語和其他科目。the other 兩者中的另一者,one...the other...意為“一個...另一個...”; 之后也可接數詞/復數名詞,特指“其他的” I have two pencils. One is red; the other is green. 我有兩支鉛筆,一支是紅色的,另一支是綠色的。others 作代詞,泛指“其他的人或物”,剩余的另一些(并非全部), 與some對比使用時,表示“有的...,有的...” A lot of people are in the park. Some are singing; others are dancing. 許多人在公園里,一些在唱歌,另一些在跳舞。the others 剩余的全部,特指某一范圍內的“其他的人或物”,是 the other 的復數形式,相當于“the other+復數名詞” I go swimming every afternoon while the others play tennis. 每天下午我去游泳,而其他人打網球。another 泛指三個/三個以上同類事物中的“另一個”,代替或修飾單數可數名詞 I don’t like this one. Please show me another. 我不喜歡這一個,請讓我看看另一個。特別注意:other others the others another的區別(口訣:有名無S,有the 有范圍)a,先記住這些搭配one … the other 一個…… 另一個(兩個)one …. the others 一個…….另一些some … some ….othersb, another 在不定數中“再”“又”“別的”之意c, the other 和the others 表一定范圍內另一個,另一些。注意文中有范圍,相當“其余的”“剩下來的”之意。d,others 和the others后不接名詞。【典例分析】1. You can borrow my bike, but you mustn’t lend it to ________.A. others B. other C. the other D. the others【答案】A【解析】句意:你可以借我的自行車,但不能把它借給別人。考查不定代詞。others其他人;other其他的,后常跟復數名詞;the other兩者中的另一個;the others特指剩余的全部。根據“You can borrow my bike, but you mustn’t lend it to”可知,不能把自行車借給其他人,沒有特定范圍限制,應用others。故選A。2. Write some words on a side of the card and draw a picture on ________ side.A. another B. the other C. others D. the others【答案】B【解析】句意:在卡片的這一面寫一些單詞,然后在另一面畫一幅畫。本題考查代詞。another表示三者或三者以上中的另一個;the other表示兩者中的一個;others其他的人或物;the others剩下的(人或物)。此處指的是卡片,卡片有兩面,one...the other表示“一個……,另一個……”。故選B。3.用another / other / others / the others/the other填空:1) I have two friends. One is Tom, _____________ is Mary.【答案】the other 。one … the other 一個…… 另一個(兩個)2) I can keep the book for a month, but I’m not allowed to lend it to _____________.【答案】others. 別人。無范圍,泛指。3) I can’t work out the fifth question, but I have done all ____________.【答案】the others。其余的,剩下的。有the有范圍。4) Lucy, would you show me _____________ photo.【答案】another。another 在不定數中“再”“又”“別的”之意5) We should save money to help ______________ poor children.【答案】other。 后面有名詞。且沒有范圍。故用other。6) Some go to the cinema, ________ go shopping【答案】others。無名詞后面一般用others表示泛指。7)Where are my ________ books 【答案】other。不能用the。因為有my特指。8)I don't like the dress, could you please show me _________ one 【答案】another。Another后面一般用名詞單數形式。 在不定數中“再”“又”“別的”之意9)Mary has two kids, one is a teacher, _____________is a doctor.【答案】the other 。one … the other 一個…… 另一個(兩個)10)In my class, only the twins are from China, ____________ are from Japan【答案】the others。The others 表示有范圍。剩下的,其余的。人稱代詞 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱單數 復數 單數 單數 單數 復數主格 I we you you he she it they賓格 me us you you him her it they漢語 我 我們 你 你們 他 她 它 他們人稱代詞主格用于動詞前,作主語。如:I am a student. 我是學生。You look young. 你(們)看起來很年輕。She goes swimming every day. 她每天游泳。人稱代詞賓格用于動詞或介詞后,作賓語。如:Miss Li will teach us next week. 下周李老師會教我們。We’re looking for him. 我們正在找他。The dog is hungry. Please give it something to eat.這狗餓了,請給它一點吃的。物主代詞物主代詞表示“……(人)的”,表所屬關系。名詞性物主代詞和形容詞性物主代詞是物主代詞的兩大分支。一般來說,形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞的作用,作定語。名詞性物主代詞起名詞的作用,在句子中可以做主語,賓語,定語或者是主語補語。形容詞物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的用法區分(1)形容詞性物主代詞其后必須跟名詞,不能單獨使用,后面必接名詞,表示所有。形容詞性物主代詞相當于一個形容詞,在句中作定語用。例如:my pen我的鋼筆 your bag你的書包 his bike他的自行車 her desk她的書桌 (2)在使用名詞性物主代詞時,必須有特定的語言環境,也就是要省略的名詞大家已經知道,已經提起過。例:There is a book. It's hers. 這有本書。是她的。(3)名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞為避免重復使用名詞,有時可用“名詞性物主代詞”來代替“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”的形式。例:My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue and your bag is pink.為避免重復使用bag,可寫成My bag(形容詞性) is yellow, hers(名詞性=her bag) is red, his(名詞性=his bag) is blue and yours(名詞性=your bag) is pink. 即:My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and yours is pink.(4)物主代詞的表格 數,類別 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱單數 復數 單數 復數 單數 復數形容詞性物主代詞 my our your your his her its their名詞性物主代詞 mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs漢語 我的 我們的 你的 你們的 他的 她的 它的 他們的【典例分析】1. —Is that eraser —No, it isn’t. It’s .A. his; her B. your; hers C. his; my D. my; your【答案】B【解析】句意:——那是你的橡皮么?——不,不是。它是她的(橡皮)。考查物主代詞。根據問句中的“eraser橡皮”可知,空格處要填形容詞性物主代詞,修飾“eraser”,作定語。根據答句“It’s...它是…… ”可知,答句要填名詞性物主代詞,作表語。選項中只有“hers(=her eraser)”是名詞性物主代詞,故選B。2.Her opinion is different from , but I really agree with .A. his; her B. hers; hers C. his; hers D. him; hers【答案】A【解析】第一個空后無名詞用名詞性物主代詞,第二個空用賓格形式。3.This isn’t ______pen. It’s ______pen.A. your; I B.my; your C. her; you D. his; hers【答案】B【解析】此處的兩個空都是修飾名詞的,所以應該用形容詞性物主代詞。4.—Is this____ computer —Yes, it’s .My mother bought it for me.A.you; me . B.your; my . C.yours; mine . D.your; mine【答案】D【解析】句意:——這是你的電腦嗎?——是的,它是我的,我母親買給我的。考查物主代詞。A. you; 你,人稱代詞主格和賓格;me我,人稱代詞賓格;B. your;你的,形容詞性物主代詞; my 我的,形容詞性物主代詞;C. yours;你的,名詞性物主代詞; mine 我的,名詞性物主代詞; D. your;你的,形容詞性物主代詞; mine我的,名詞性物主代詞。前者修飾其后的名詞computer,應用形容詞性的物主代詞,表示“你的”應用your;后者沒有名詞,表示“我的電腦”,應用名詞性的物主代詞,表示“我的”應用mine。結合句意和語境可知選D。5. —Is this________ ruler —Yes, it’s her ruler.A. your B. your sister’s C. your brother’s D. you sister【答案】B【解析】根據答語中的her可以推測問句應為"這是你妹妹的尺子嗎?"your sister’s意為"你妹妹的"。故選B。6.—Jerry, is that boy with glasses ________ new classmates —Yes. Let’s say hello to ____________.A. our; he B. us; him C. ours; his D. our; him【答案】D【解析】句意:——杰瑞,那個戴眼鏡的男孩是我們的新同學嗎 ——是的。讓我們向他問好。考查代詞辨析。前句名詞classmates需用形容詞性物主代詞修飾;us(我們)是人稱代詞賓格,ours(我們的)是名詞性物主代詞,可排除BC兩項。后句say hello to需接賓格代詞,意思是“向他問好”;he(他)是人稱代詞主格,可排除A項。根據句意語境,可知選D。7.Tom is my best friend. I often play basketball with _______.A. he B. his C. him D. himself【答案】C【解析】句意:湯姆是我最好的朋友。我經常和他一起打籃球。A. he“他”,代詞主格B. his“他的”,形容詞性或名詞性物主代詞;C. him“他”,代詞賓格;D. himself“他自己”,反身代詞。介詞with后跟代詞賓格形式,故答案為C。注意:人稱代詞分為主格和賓格,主格用作主語,賓格用作賓語。如:He is a teacher.(主格) Let me help you.(賓格);物主代詞分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞,形容詞性物主代詞用作定語,修飾名詞,如my book, his father(形容詞性物主代詞)。名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。如:His hands are dirtier than mine (my hands).8. I put the book on the desk last night. But I can’t find ______ now.A. him B. her C. them D. it【答案】D【解析】it 代替前面the book 。9. — Are these _______ pencils — No. They are _______.A. your; their B. your; theirs C. yours; their D. yours; the【答案】B【解析】pencil 鉛筆。名詞前面用形容詞性的物主代詞。后一空用名詞性物主代詞。10. — Whose bike is this — It’s ______.A. I B. me C. my D. mine【答案】D【解析】他是我的。 Mine=my bike二、 按提示的人稱用適當形式的代詞填空。1. Here is a postcard for __________ (you) father.2. Helen wants to buy a car of ________ (she) own.3. That is _______ (she) dress. _______ (its) is beautiful.4. ________ (them) come from Japan. ________ (them) eyes are black.5. Kate is ________ (I) friend. __________ (her) is a very nice girl.6. Is that box _________ (you) Yes, it’s __________ (my).7. ________ (we) classroom is smaller than _________ (them).8 .This is ________ (me) mother. _________ (her) is a doctor.9. The shirt is __________ (he). Please give it to __________ (he).10. _________ (he) chair is blue. __________ (she) is red.【答案】1.your 2.her 3.her it 4. They their 5.my she 6.yours mine 7.our theirs 8.my she 9.hers him 10. His hers【話題分析】單元是圍繞“收藏作為一種愛好”進行寫作,運用目標單詞和短語及句式介紹你或你周圍的人的收藏愛好。通過學習范文,模仿文章結構,結合關鍵詞來完成話題寫作。1.目標語言:一般現在時,或過去時態,關于“收集”方面的單詞和短語。2.文章結構可以從這幾個方面著手寫:a.喜歡的收藏。b.如何進行收藏(什么時候開始,如何獲得,規模,最喜歡的收藏)c.喜歡收藏意義及感受。3.通過寫作訓練復習本單元的詞匯及句型,使本單元目標語言在實際語言環境中得到運用.Basic structure of a description of a collection【短語積累】1. 有趣的收藏 ____________________2.收集郵票____________________3把...添加到.. ____________________4.浪費時間____________________5. (父母給孩子的)零花錢____________________6.全世界____________________7.鑰匙圈____________________8.飛機模型____________________9培養一個愛好____________________10. 使想起 ___________________11 多虧了 ____________________12.極其小心地____________________13.對......感興趣____________________14. 收集甜蜜回憶____________________15 達到(某數量、程度等) ____________________【答案】1.an interesting collection 2.collect stamps 3.add…to 4.a waste of time 5.pocket money 6.all over the world 7.key rings 8.model plane 9.develop a hobby 10.remind…of (make….think of) 11.thanks to 12.with great care 13.be interested in 14.collect sweet memory 15.up to【句式積累】1.這是我的收藏,我是一個硬幣收藏者。我喜歡收集硬幣,因為它們有著悠久的歷史背景和文化價值。(文章開頭)【答案】This is my collection, I am a collector of coins. I like collecting coins because they have a long historical background and cultural value2.我的愛好是收集明信片。我收集了200多張來自不同地方的明信片。(文章開頭)【答案】My hobby is collecting postcards. I have a collection of over 200 postcards from various places.3.兩年前,我開始收集舊書。(文章中間)【答案】I began to collect old books two years ago.4.多虧了爺爺,我養成了這個愛好。 (文章中間)【答案】I developed this hobby thanks to my grandpa.5.我在花市或網上買了一些。我也從朋友那里得到了一些。 (文章中間)【答案】I bought some of them at the flower market or online. I also got some from my friends.6.我一直在通過與其他收藏家交流來增加我的收藏。(文章中間)【答案】I have been adding to my collection by exchanging with other collectors.7.我喜歡郵票,因為它們很漂亮。他們還可以教我不同國家的歷史和文化.(喜歡收藏的原因。結尾)【答案】I love stamps because they are very beautiful. They can also teach me about the history and culture of different countries8.它們讓我想起與家人和朋友在一起的幸福時刻(喜歡收藏的原因。結尾)【答案】They make me think of happy moments in life together with family and friends.9.通過明信片,我可以體驗世界的美麗和多樣性.(喜歡收藏的原因。結尾)【答案】Through postcards, I can experience the beauty and diversity of the world.10.我父母不喜歡我收集它們,他們認為這是浪費時間和金錢。他們認為我必須把學習放在第一位。(對收藏的看法)【答案】My parents don’t like me to collect them, they think it's a waste of time and money, they think I must put my study first.11.多虧了這張郵票,我對中國傳統建筑產生了興趣,并開始收集類似的郵票(對收藏的看法)【答案】Thanks to this stamp, I became interested in traditional Chinese buildings, and I started to collect similar stamps【實戰演練】假設你是Peter,平時喜歡收集各種票。請根據下面的提示,以“My collection”為題寫一篇英語短文。要求80詞左右,可圍繞提示內容適當發揮,開頭已給出,不計入總詞數。提示:1.When did you start to collect tickets 2.How many tickets do you have now 3.How do you get them What’s your favourite ticket and the reason 4.Why do you like collecting tickets ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________My collectionI love collecting all kinds of tickets, such as train tickets, movie tickets and tickets to museums and other places.I began to collect tickets 3 years ago. When I got a ticket for the first time, I found that it was beautiful. Therefore, I began collecting tickets. Up to now, I have got more than 200 different tickets. I get them from different places. I get movie tickets when I go to the cinema. I get train tickets when I travel. I ask my friends to give theirs to me as well. My favorite ticket is a concert ticket. I went to a famous singer's concert with my friends. It was an unforgettable experience.I enjoy collecting tickets. They not only help me remember different beautiful places and times I had clearly, but also they are a good way for me to keep track of my life.21世紀教育網 www.21cnjy.com 精品試卷·第 2 頁 (共 2 頁)21世紀教育網(www.21cnjy.com) 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源列表 Unit 8 知識梳理(原卷版).docx Unit 8 知識梳理(解析版).docx 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫