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(共20張PPT)
過去完成時
《北師大版2019》選修一
Unit1 Lesson1 語法
語法感知
畫出句子中的過去完成時
1. Before Mr Jenkins taught me, science had simply been a subject full of strange words to me.
2. I had heard stories about his bad behaviour.
3. He was very bright and he had done very well in science subjects.
4. I knew I had chosen a job with a lot of stress, but I love what I do.
過去完成時形式：
過去的過去
had done
過去
did/was/were
現在
is/am/are doing
語法精講
過去完成時屬于過去時的一部分，表達的意義通常有三種：
1. 表達在一個事件發生前，已經發生的事情。通常放在復合句中，有一般過去時作為參照；
2. 表達到過去某個時間為止已經發生的事情，通常與by the end of last + 時間點連用；
3. 用在虛擬語氣結構中，用于表達對已發生的事情的虛擬，常用于if only, wish, as if, would rather 引導的虛擬結構中及if引導的表達對過去事實的虛擬結構中。
一、結構
基本結構 had done
被動結構 had been done
否定結構 hadn’t done; had not been done
疑問結構 had sb/sth done
二、用法
1. 表達“過去的過去”：在一個事件發生前，已經發生的事情。通常放在復合句中，有一般過去時作為參照。
He had had breakfast before he came to school.
上學之前他已經吃了早飯了。
I suspect that she had already known what had happened before you told her.
我懷疑在你告訴她之前，她已經知道發生了什么事。
對比：
Many years ago, Jane lived in the flat with her grandma for a long period of time.
許多年前，簡和她奶奶在公寓里住了很長時間。
出現時間：many years ago，明顯的一般過去時標志詞。
【即學即用】
單句語法填空
1. Mr Smith died yesterday. He ___________ (be) a good friend of mine.
2. His parents _____________ (go) to bed when he came back home.
had been
had gone
二、用法
2. 表示從表示從過去的某時刻開始，一直延續到過去的另一個時間的動作或狀態， 常和for，since構成的時間狀語，by the end of last/past+時間點等連用。
They had finished two-thirds of the project by the end of last month.
到上個月底，他們已經完成了項目的三分之二。
By the time you arrived in London, we had been in Europe for two weeks.
你到達倫敦時，我們已經在歐洲待了兩個星期。
對比：
1. He said he had worked in that factory since 2008.
他說從2008年開始他就在那家工廠工作。
He has worked in that factory since 2008.
2. It was said that he had lived in the apartment for the last few decades.
據說過去幾十年他一直住在那個公寓里。
He has lived in the apartment for the last few decades.
【即學即用】
單句語法填空
1. By nine o’clock last night, we __________ (get) 200 pictures from the spaceship.
2. I __________(be) at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.
3. We ___________________ (learn) over two thousand English words over the last few months.
had got
had been
had learned / learnt
二、用法
3. hardly...when... ,no sooner...than.... 以及 It was the first (second,etc.) time (that)...句型中。
Hardly had he I begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.
他剛開始演講,聽眾就打斷了他。
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again. 他剛到就又走了。
It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.
這是他那一年第三次失業了。
【即學即用】
單句語法填空
1. It was the first time that he ____________ (be) late for school.
2. I had hardly opened the door when a cat ____________ (rush) into my house.
had been
rushed
二、用法
4. 虛擬語氣
(1) if only, wish, as if, as though及would rather引導的虛擬，表達與已發生過的事情相反的愿望。
I would rather you hadn’t been abroad at all. 我寧愿你沒有出過國。
I went to bed early last night, but I wish I hadn’t done so.
我昨晚很早睡，但我真希望我沒有那么做。
二、用法
4. 虛擬語氣
(2) if 引導的表達對過去事實的虛擬
I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she had been there, she would have met my brother.
我沒有在會議上見到你妹妹。如果她去了那里，她一定會見到我弟弟。
【即學即用】
單句語法填空
1. You didn’t let me drive. If we _____________ (drive) in turn,you wouldn’t have been so tored.
2. This device operated well as though it _________________ (repair).
had driven
had been repaired
【隨堂練習】
一、用所給詞的適當形式填空
1. The police ___________ (arrest) the man who ___________ (break) into a jewellery shop.
2. The whole class ___________ (cheer) for John because he __________ (win) an award.
3. My car ___________ (break) down on the way to the beach because it ___________ (run) out of petrol.
arrested
had broken
cheered
had won
broke
had run
【隨堂練習】
4. The dog ________ (hide) under the sofa because it __________ (eat) the family dinner.
5. Hardly _______ he ________ (strat) the car when it ________ (break) down.
6. I lost all my money. If only I hadn’t _______ (be) that simple-minded.
7. If you ___________(go) over all your notes, you would have passed the exam.
hid
had eaten
had started
broke
been
had gone
【隨堂練習】
二、給下列句子選擇正確的時態
1. The movie ( has begun / had begun / began ) before we arrived.
2. We hadn’t seen each other since he ( left / has left / had left ) Nanjing.
3. I wish you ( have / had ) not been here.
4. No sooner ( has / had ) he gone out than it started to rain.
5. I was told that it was the last time they ( had seen / have seen / saw ) him.
Thank You

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