資源簡介 【2022新課標】2025秋新譯林版英語八年級上冊Unit 7 The natural world知識點總結(單詞+短語+句子+語法)重點單詞1. 自然景觀與地理特征類:1. nature / ne t r/ n. 自然2. landscape / l ndske p/ n. 風景3. mountain / ma nt n/ n. 山脈4. valley / v li/ n. 山谷5. plain /ple n/ n. 平原6. desert / dez rt/ n. 沙漠7. forest / f r st/ n. 森林8. jungle / d ɡl/ n. 熱帶雨林9. cave /ke v/ n. 洞穴10. coast /k st/ n. 海岸2. 水體相關詞匯11. river / r v r/ n. 河流12. lake /le k/ n. 湖泊13. ocean / n/ n. 海洋14. waterfall / w t f l/ n. 瀑布15. stream /stri m/ n. 小溪16. pond /p nd/ n. 池塘17. wave /we v/ n. 波浪3. 天氣與自然現象18. climate / kla m t/ n. 氣候19. storm /st m/ n. 暴風雨20. hurricane / h r k n/ n. 颶風21. tornado /t ne d / n. 龍卷風22. earthquake / θkwe k/ n. 地震23. flood /fl d/ n. 洪水24. drought /dra t/ n. 干旱25. fog /f ɡ/ n. 霧4. 動植物與生態系統26. species / spi i z/ n. 物種27. wildlife / wa ldla f/ n. 野生動物28. mammal / m ml/ n. 哺乳動物29. reptile / repta l/ n. 爬行動物30. insect / nsekt/ n. 昆蟲31. extinct / k st kt/ adj. 滅絕的32. endangered / n de nd d/ adj. 瀕危的33. habitat / h b t t/ n. 棲息地34. ecosystem / i k s st m/ n. 生態系統5. 環境保護與資源35. environment / n va r nm nt/ n. 環境36. pollution /p lu n/ n. 污染37. recycle / ri sa kl/ v. 回收利用38. reduce /r dju s/ v. 減少39. reuse / ri ju z/ v. 重復使用40. conservation / k ns ve n/ n. 保護41. sustainable /s ste n bl/ adj. 可持續的42. resource /r s s/ n. 資源6. 人類活動與自然互動43. explore / k spl r/ v. 探索44. discover /d sk v r/ v. 發現45. protect /pr tekt/ v. 保護46. destroy /d str / v. 破壞47. hunt /h nt/ v. 狩獵48. survive /s va v/ v. 生存49. adapt / d pt/ v. 適應50. balance / b l ns/ n. 平衡7. 形容詞描述自然51. natural / n t r l/ adj. 自然的52. beautiful / bju t fl/ adj. 美麗的53. dangerous / de nd r s/ adj. 危險的54. peaceful / pi sfl/ adj. 寧靜的55. huge /hju d / adj. 巨大的56. tiny / ta ni/ adj. 微小的8. 其他高頻詞匯57. surface / s f s/ n. 表面58. depth /depθ/ n. 深度59. height /ha t/ n. 高度60. distance / d st ns/ n. 距離61. energy / en d i/ n. 能量62. oxygen / ks d n/ n. 氧氣63. carbon / kɑ b n/ n. 碳64. global / ɡl bl/ adj. 全球的65. wild /wa ld/ adj. 野生的主要短語1. 自然現象與地理特征1. in the wild 在野外2. natural resources 自然資源3. mountain range 山脈4. tropical rainforest 熱帶雨林5. deep in the jungle 叢林深處6. on the coast 在海岸邊7. at the foot of the mountain 在山腳下8. a blanket of snow 厚厚的積雪2. 環境保護與生態9. protect the environment 保護環境10. reduce pollution 減少污染11. recycle waste 回收廢棄物12. save energy 節約能源13. endangered species 瀕危物種14. wildlife conservation 野生動物保護15. ecological balance 生態平衡16. sustainable development 可持續發展3. 自然災害與應對17. natural disaster 自然災害18. break out (災難)爆發19. put out fires 滅火20. escape from danger 逃離危險21. in case of emergency 緊急情況下22. provide shelter 提供避難所4. 人類活動與自然互動23. go camping/hiking 去露營/徒步24. explore nature 探索自然25. take photos of wildlife 拍攝野生動物26. cut down trees 砍伐樹木27. hunt for food 捕獵覓食28. adapt to changes 適應變化29. survive in harsh conditions 在惡劣環境中生存5. 描述自然狀態30. be covered with 被...覆蓋31. run through (河流)流經32. rise into the sky (煙霧)升入天空33. disappear forever 永遠消失34. become extinct 滅絕6. 環保行動倡議35. turn off the lights 關燈36. use reusable bags 使用可重復使用的袋子37. plant more trees 種植更多樹木38. pick up litter 撿垃圾39. spread awareness 提高意識7. 科學觀測與發現40. do research on 研究...41. make a discovery 發現重點句型句子1. 自然現象描述1. The Amazon rainforest covers a huge area in South America.亞馬遜雨林覆蓋了南美洲的大片區域。2. Mountains rise high into the clouds.高山聳入云端。3. Rivers run through valleys and provide water for wildlife.河流穿過山谷,為野生動物提供水源。4. The desert stretches as far as the eye can see.沙漠一望無際。2. 環境保護與問題5. We must protect endangered animals from extinction.我們必須保護瀕危動物免于滅絕。6. Pollution is destroying our natural world.污染正在破壞我們的自然界。7. Too many trees are being cut down every year.每年有太多樹木被砍伐。8. Plastic waste is harming ocean creatures.塑料垃圾正在傷害海洋生物。3. 生態平衡與科學事實9. All living things depend on each other in an ecosystem.生態系統中所有生物相互依存。10. Bees play a key role in pollinating plants.蜜蜂在植物授粉中起關鍵作用。11. The loss of one species can affect the whole food chain.一個物種的消失會影響整個食物鏈。12. Climate change is causing more natural disasters.氣候變化正在導致更多自然災害。4. 環保行動倡議13. We should recycle paper to save trees.我們應該回收紙張來保護樹木。14. Turning off lights saves energy.關燈可以節約能源。15. Using reusable bags reduces plastic pollution.使用可重復使用的袋子減少塑料污染。16. Everyone can help by picking up litter in parks.每個人都可以通過在公園撿垃圾來幫忙。5. 自然探索與觀察17. Scientists are researching new ways to protect nature.科學家正在研究保護自然的新方法。18. We saw a rare bird species during our forest hike.我們在森林徒步時看到了一種稀有鳥類。19. The water in this lake is becoming clearer year by year.這個湖的水一年比一年清澈。20. Look! The leaves are turning yellow in the autumn wind.看!樹葉在秋風中變黃了。6. 自然災害與應對21. A terrible earthquake hit the city last night.昨晚一場可怕的地震襲擊了這座城市。22. The villagers escaped to higher ground when the flood came.洪水來臨時,村民們逃到了更高的地方。23. Forest fires can spread quickly in dry weather.森林大火在干燥天氣里會迅速蔓延。24. We need to prepare emergency supplies for typhoons.我們需要為臺風準備應急物資。7. 人與自然的關系25. Human activities are changing the natural balance.人類活動正在改變自然平衡。26. We are part of nature, not its masters.我們是自然的一部分,不是它的主人。27. Respecting nature means protecting our future.尊重自然就是保護我們的未來。28. Children should learn to love and care for nature.孩子們應該學會熱愛和關心自然。8. 地理特征與氣候29. The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia.長江是亞洲最長的河流。30. This region has a mild climate with four distinct seasons.這個地區氣候溫和,四季分明。31. Tropical areas receive more rainfall than deserts.熱帶地區比沙漠降雨更多。32. The temperature drops below freezing in winter.冬天氣溫會降到零度以下。9. 野生動物保護33. Pandas mainly live in bamboo forests in China.熊貓主要生活在中國竹林里。34. Elephants are being protected in national parks.大象在國家公園里受到保護。35. Hunting wild animals is illegal in many countries.在許多國家,獵殺野生動物是違法的。36. We must create more wildlife reserves.我們必須建立更多野生動物保護區。10. 未來展望與呼吁37. If we don't act now, many species will disappear forever.如果我們現在不采取行動,許多物種將永遠消失。38. Future generations will thank us for protecting nature.后代將會感謝我們保護了自然。39. Together, we can make our planet greener and healthier.攜手合作,我們能讓地球更綠更健康。語法點本單元語法繼續學習動詞及其基本句型:雙賓語及賓語補足語(II),另一個語法點是并列連詞。動詞后可以跟雙賓語(間接賓語+直接賓語)及賓語補足語。一)雙賓語結構(間接賓語 + 直接賓語)某些動詞可以接兩個賓語,一個表示動作的接受者(間接賓語,通常是人),另一個是動作的直接對象(直接賓語,通常是物)。基本句型:主語 + 動詞 + 間接賓語(人) + 直接賓語(物)或主語 + 動詞 + 直接賓語(物) + to/for + 間接賓語(人)1. 常見接雙賓語的動詞給予類:give, pass, send, show, lend, offer, teach, tellShe gave me a book. = She gave a book to me.(她給了我一本書。)He told us a story. = He told a story to us.獲取類:buy, make, cook, get, find, saveMy mom bought me a gift. = My mom bought a gift for me.(媽媽給我買了一份禮物。)Can you save me a seat = Can you save a seat for me 2. 直接賓語與間接賓語的區分間接賓語:回答“給誰”或“為誰”。Show the teacher your homework.(給老師看作業)直接賓語:回答“什么”。Show your homework to the teacher.(展示作業)3. 必須用介詞的情況當直接賓語是代詞,或需要強調間接賓語時,需用 to/for 結構:正確:Give it to me.(不可說 Give me it.)強調:I made this cake for you, not for him.二)賓語補足語(賓語 + 補語)某些動詞需要補充說明賓語的狀態或動作,這類補充成分稱為賓語補足語。基本句型:主語 + 動詞 + 賓語 + 賓語補足語1. 常見接賓語補足語的動詞使役動詞:make, let, have, getThe news made him happy.(消息讓他高興。)She let the children play outside.(她讓孩子們在外面玩。)感官動詞:see, hear, watch, notice, feelI saw her cross the street.(我看見她過了馬路。)We heard the baby cry.(我們聽到嬰兒哭了。)認知類動詞:call, name, elect, considerThey called him a hero.(他們稱他為英雄。)We consider the project successful.(我們認為項目是成功的。)2. 賓語補足語的常見形式形式 例句形容詞 Keep the room clean.(保持房間干凈。)名詞 They elected her leader.(選她當領導。)不定式 I want you to stay.(我要你留下來。)分詞 I saw a bird flying.(我看見鳥在飛。)介詞短語 Put the book on the desk.(把書放桌上。)3. 區分雙賓語和賓語補足語雙賓語:兩個獨立賓語(人+物)。Give me the pen.(給我筆。)賓語補足語:補語說明賓語的狀態或動作。We call her Lily.(我們叫她莉莉。)三)易混淆點對比動詞后接"to"還是"for"?to:強調方向(give, send, tell, show...)。Send the email to me.for:強調目的(buy, make, cook, choose...)。Cook dinner for us.省略"to"的不定式作賓補使役動詞(let/make/have)和感官動詞后,用動詞原形:Let him go.(√)Let him to go.(×)被動語態中的賓補主動:They named the baby Tom.被動:The baby was named Tom.四)練一下判斷結構(雙賓語/賓補):She showed me her photos. → 雙賓語We painted the wall blue. → 賓補用介詞改寫:He gave his sister a doll. → He gave a doll to his sister.總結下:雙賓語:動詞 + 人 + 物(或 物 + to/for + 人)。賓補:動詞 + 賓語 + 補充說明(形容詞/名詞/不定式等)。關鍵區別:雙賓語的兩個名詞獨立存在,賓補的補語依附于賓語。并列連詞本單元并列連詞主要集中于and\ but\ or \so幾個,這里稍有拓展。一)定義與功能定義:連接語法地位相同的單詞、短語或句子的連詞。作用:表示并列、轉折、選擇、因果等邏輯關系使句子結構更緊湊,避免碎片化表達二)常見并列連詞分類及用法1. 基礎并列連詞連詞 功能 例句(標點使用)For 表原因(正式) He stayed home, for it rained.(前后為完整句子,加逗號)And 表順承/遞進 She opened the door and walked in.(連接動作,不加逗號)But 表轉折 It's cheap, but the quality is good.(加逗號)Or 表選擇 Tea or coffee (單詞并列不加逗號)So 表結果 I was tired, so I went to bed early.Yet 表強烈轉折 She studied hard, yet failed the exam.Nor 表否定延續 He doesn't smoke, nor does he drink.(需倒裝)特殊規則:連接 3個及以上 并列成分時,前幾項用逗號隔開,最后用 and/or:I bought apples, bananas, and oranges.連接 完整句子 時,通常加逗號(口語中可省略)。2. 關聯并列連詞(成對使用)連詞組合 功能 例句both...and... 兩者都(肯定) She both sings and dances well.either...or... 二選一 Either you or I must go.neither...nor... 兩者都不(否定) Neither Tom nor Mary was late.not only...but also... 不僅...而且... He not only writes but also illustrates books.語法注意:neither...nor... 和 either...or... 遵循 就近原則(動詞與最近主語一致):Neither you nor he is right.both...and... 不能連接句子,只能連接單詞/短語: She likes both tea and coffee. Both she likes tea, and he likes coffee.(錯誤)3. 其他常用并列連詞連詞 功能 例句while 而(對比) I like tea, while she prefers coffee.when 這時(突然轉折) I was reading when the phone rang.三)并列連詞的使用規則1. 標點符號規則連接單詞/短語:通常不加逗號fast and effective連接完整句子:加逗號(正式寫作):She smiled, and he waved back.不加逗號(口語/簡短句):I ran and she followed.2. 避免常見錯誤 連詞重復:Because it rained, so we canceled the trip.(刪除"because"或"so") 碎片句:He likes apples. And oranges.(合并:He likes apples and oranges.)3. 特殊結構祈使句+and/or 表條件結果:Work hard, and you'll succeed.(= If you work hard, you'll succeed.)Hurry up, or you'll be late.四)并列連詞 vs 從屬連詞類型 特點 示例并列連詞 連接平等成分 I cooked and she cleaned.從屬連詞 引導從句(主從關系) I left because it was late.判斷方法:并列連詞前后成分可調換順序(She cleaned and I cooked.)從屬連詞引導的從句不可獨立存在 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫